Foreign Funded Language And Culture Institutes At U S Institutions Of Higher Education

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Foreign-Funded Language and Culture Institutes at U. S. Institutions of Higher Education

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780309703888
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (38 download)

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Book Synopsis Foreign-Funded Language and Culture Institutes at U. S. Institutions of Higher Education by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Foreign-Funded Language and Culture Institutes at U. S. Institutions of Higher Education written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by . This book was released on 2024-03-27 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Foreign-funded language and culture institutes exist on U.S. campuses beyond Confucius Institutes (CIs)?Chinese government-funded centers established by the Chinese Communist Party to extend the reach of Chinese language and culture and to enhance worldwide opinion of China through offering classes in Mandarin Chinese and highlighting positive aspects of Chinese culture. Regardless of the sponsoring nation, foreign-funded language and culture institutes may pose risks for U.S. host institutions regarding academic freedom, freedom of expression, governance, and national security. This is particularly true if the values of the sponsoring nation do not align with the democratic values held in the United States and if the sponsoring nation is suspected of engaging in activities adversely affecting human rights, academic freedom, freedom of expression, association, dissent, and U.S. national security. This report explores the role of other foreign-funded institutes at U.S. institutions of higher education, describing characteristics and features of such institutes; determining characteristics and features of foreign-funded institutes at U.S. institutions of higher education that could be flags for institutions to engage in further deliberation and vetting prior to entering into a partnership; identifying implementable practices for U.S. institutions of higher education to ensure appropriate operations; and continuing exploration of what role the sensitivity of the research conducted on campus should play in determining which foreign-funded partnerships are appropriate. Foreign-Funded Language and Culture Institutes at U.S. Institutions of Higher Education recommends actions that U.S. colleges and universities can take to minimize risks associated with hosting foreign-funded language and culture institutions, such as a CI, on or near campus and protect academic freedom and national security.

Confucius and Crisis in American Universities

Author : Amy Stambach
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135020418
Total Pages : 220 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis Confucius and Crisis in American Universities by : Amy Stambach

Download or read book Confucius and Crisis in American Universities written by Amy Stambach and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-05-23 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: China’s investment in U.S. higher education has raised considerable debate, but little research has been directed to the manner in which this investment unfolds and takes shape on the ground in local contexts. Confucius and Crisis in American Universities fills this gap by closely investigating how Chinese-funded U.S. programs are understood and configured in the modern American university. Drawing on interviews with Chinese teachers and their American students, as well as conversations with university administrators, this book argues that Chinese investment in American higher education serves as a broad form of global policy, harnessing the power of intercultural exchange as a means of managing international diplomatic relations through the experiences of university students. A transnational study, Confucius and Crisis in American Universities questions and reframes conventional notions of economic globalization and flexible citizenship, demonstrating how Chinese investment in U.S. education advances the lives of the already-privileged by creating access to overseas labor and markets, but to the exclusion of middle- and working-class students. A valuable and timely resource for scholars of education and anthropology, this book will also be useful to anyone interested in education policy or international affairs.

Confucius Institutes

Author : Marshall Sahlins
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780984201082
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis Confucius Institutes by : Marshall Sahlins

Download or read book Confucius Institutes written by Marshall Sahlins and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drawing on reports in the media and conversations, the author shows that the Confucius Institutes are a threat to the principles of academic freedom and integrity at the foundation of our system of higher education

China in the World

Author : Jennifer Hubbert
Publisher : University of Hawaii Press
ISBN 13 : 0824878531
Total Pages : 249 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (248 download)

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Book Synopsis China in the World by : Jennifer Hubbert

Download or read book China in the World written by Jennifer Hubbert and published by University of Hawaii Press. This book was released on 2019-03-31 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Confucius Institutes, the language and culture programs funded by the Chinese government, have been established in more than 1,500 schools worldwide since their debut in 2004. A centerpiece of China’s soft power policy, they represent an effort to smooth China’s path to superpower status by enhancing its global appeal. Yet Confucius Institutes have given rise to voluble and contentious public debate in host countries, where they have been both welcomed as a source of educational funding and feared as spy outposts, neocolonial incursions, and obstructions to academic freedom. China in the World turns an anthropological lens on this most visible, ubiquitous, and controversial globalization project in an effort to provide fresh insight into China’s shifting place in the world. Author Jennifer Hubbert takes the study of soft power policy into the classroom, offering an anthropological intervention into a subject that has been dominated by the methods and analyses of international relations and political science. She argues that concerns about Confucius Institutes reflect broader debates over globalization and modernity and ultimately about a changing global order. Examining the production of soft power policy in situ allows us to move beyond program intentions to see how Confucius Institutes are actually understood and experienced in day-to-day classroom interactions. By assessing the perspectives of participants and exploring the complex ways in which students, teachers, parents, and program administrators interpret the Confucius Institute curriculum, she highlights significant gaps between China’s soft power policy intentions and the effects of those policies in practice. China in the World brings original, long-term ethnographic research to bear on how representations of and knowledge about China are constructed, consumed, and articulated in encounters between China, the United States, and the Confucius Institute programs themselves. It moves a controversial topic beyond the realm of policy making to examine the mechanisms through which policy is implemented, engaged, and contested by a multitude of stakeholders and actors. It provides new insight into how policy actually works, showing that it takes more than financial wherewithal and official resolve to turn cultural presence into power.

From Missionary Education to Confucius Institutes

Author : Jeff Kyong-McClain
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1000964337
Total Pages : 299 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis From Missionary Education to Confucius Institutes by : Jeff Kyong-McClain

Download or read book From Missionary Education to Confucius Institutes written by Jeff Kyong-McClain and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-10-02 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From Missionary Education to Confucius Institutes examines the history and globalization of cultural exchange between the United States and China and corrects many myths surrounding the incompatibility of American and Chinese cultures in the higher education sphere. Providing a fresh look at the role of non-state actors in advancing Sino-American cross-cultural knowledge exchange, the book presents empirical studies highlighting the diverse experiences and practices involved. Case studies include the U.S.-initiated missionary education in modern China, the involvement of private foundations and professional associations in education, the impact of Chinese and American laws on student exchanges, and the evaluation of the experience of U.S. Confucius Institutes. This book will appeal to students and scholars of U.S. and Chinese higher education from the past to the present, as well as international admission officers and university executives who are concerned about the global educational partnership with China and questions around the internationalization of education more broadly.

Finding Firmer Ground: The Role of Higher Education in U.S.-China Relations

Author : Yawei Liu/Michael Cerny
Publisher : Bouden House
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 153 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (12 download)

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Book Synopsis Finding Firmer Ground: The Role of Higher Education in U.S.-China Relations by : Yawei Liu/Michael Cerny

Download or read book Finding Firmer Ground: The Role of Higher Education in U.S.-China Relations written by Yawei Liu/Michael Cerny and published by Bouden House. This book was released on 2022-04-27 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S.-China educational exchange began auspiciously after a 30-year hiatus in 1978 when Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping announced his strategic decision to send 5,000 students and scholars from China each year to further their education. 1 Then-U.S. President Jimmy Carter famously responded, “Tell him to send 100,000.” This was the launch of educational exchange as a core pillar of the U.S.-China relationship. Until the 40th anniversary of the normalization of U.S.-China relations and U.S.-China educational exchange in 2019, there was general agreement that the exchange of students and scholars benefited both countries. There was recognition that the enormous increase in personal interaction and friendships — and knowledge about each other’s society, culture, economy, and government — strengthened understanding, trust, and cooperation. At a time when U.S.-China relations are at its lowest point since the normalization of relations, the benefits of educational exchange are being questioned, if not under assault. Few could have predicted that Chinese students would be weaponized by both sides, caught up in the political and security disputes between the two governments. A trade war, political tensions, concerns about academic espionage and influence operations, rising incidents of anti-Asian hate, and a global pandemic have created a perfect storm to stir up distrust as well as retaliatory measures that restrict student mobility on both sides of the Pacific. After years of fast growth, the number of Chinese students and researchers coming to the U.S. has slowed. China is still the largest source of international students in the U.S., accounting for about one-third of the total, but America’s appeal is weakening. Is this shift toward declining numbers an overdue correction to better protect America against academic espionage and influence operations and prevent China from capitalizing on American know-how to accelerate its own progress? Or is this decline in numbers an unnecessary and damaging hit on American universities’ preeminent position in global higher education and its open science model, leading to loss of U.S. competitiveness and international prestige? This report more broadly, is an attempt to discern the benefits, risks, and challenges of U.S.-China educational exchange and determine how educational exchange can advance the interests of both the U.S. and China going forward.

Chinese Public Diplomacy

Author : Falk Hartig
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317611098
Total Pages : 214 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (176 download)

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Book Synopsis Chinese Public Diplomacy by : Falk Hartig

Download or read book Chinese Public Diplomacy written by Falk Hartig and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-08-27 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the first comprehensive analysis of Confucius Institutes (CIs), situating them as a tool of public diplomacy in the broader context of China’s foreign affairs. The study establishes the concept of public diplomacy as the theoretical framework for analysing CIs. By applying this frame to in-depth case studies of CIs in Europe and Oceania, it provides in-depth knowledge of the structure and organisation of CIs, their activities and audiences, as well as problems, challenges and potentials. In addition to examining CIs as the most prominent and most controversial tool of China’s charm offensive, this book also explains what the structural configuration of these institutes can tell us about China’s understanding of and approaches towards public diplomacy. The study demonstrates that, in contrast to their international counterparts, CIs are normally organised as joint ventures between international and Chinese partners in the field of education or cultural exchange. From this unique setting a more fundamental observation can be made, namely China’s willingness to engage and cooperate with foreigners in the context of public diplomacy. Overall, the author argues that by utilizing the current global fascination with Chinese language and culture, the Chinese government has found interested and willing international partners to co-finance the CIs and thus partially fund China’s international charm offensive. This book will be of much interest to students of public diplomacy, Chinese politics, foreign policy and international relations in general.

“Four Branches” of Internationalization of Higher Education in China

Author : Jian Li
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811642052
Total Pages : 135 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (116 download)

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Book Synopsis “Four Branches” of Internationalization of Higher Education in China by : Jian Li

Download or read book “Four Branches” of Internationalization of Higher Education in China written by Jian Li and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-08-09 with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the emerging power of “Four Branches” of internationalization of higher education in China from a policy retrospective analysis. In particular, branch one includes China's policy on studying abroad after the reform and opening up; branch two concentrates on China's policy on studying in China after the reform and opening up; branch three explores the policy of Sino-foreign cooperation in running schools; branch four examines the policy of foreign exchange and cooperation. All these four emerging branches are interdependent, and all contribute to shaping the landscape of internationalization of higher education system in contemporary China. In addition, the conclusion and remarks are also offered in this book. The most important features of this book are: (1) new academic conceptualization; (2) comprehensive investigation of the new idea of “Four Branches” of internationalization of higher education in China from a policy retrospective analysis; (3) critically review and epitomize the contextualized construction of “Four Branches” of internationalization of higher education in China for constructing modern education model or system from conceptual, practical, and strategically scopes. The intended readers are scholars and researchers who are interested and work in research on China internationalization development in China and the administrators and stakeholders in Chinese education system and graduate students who majoring and minoring in the field of international education.

The Manifestation of China's Soft Power Agenda in American Higher Education: The Case of the Confucius Institute Project in America

Author : Jiaying Song
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 165 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis The Manifestation of China's Soft Power Agenda in American Higher Education: The Case of the Confucius Institute Project in America by : Jiaying Song

Download or read book The Manifestation of China's Soft Power Agenda in American Higher Education: The Case of the Confucius Institute Project in America written by Jiaying Song and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 165 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Along with the development of China's economic and military power, China is perceived by its competitors as a threat to the international system. In order to have a "peaceful rise" and to project a benign national image to the world, China began taking a series of actions to market itself. The Confucius Institute project is one of the public diplomacy actions in education in response to Beijing's "peaceful rise" slogan. The Confucius Institutes are non-profit public institutions affiliated with the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China whose stated aimsare to promote Chinese language and culture, support local Chinese teaching internationally, and facilitate cultural exchanges.The increasing number of Confucius Institutes has received world-wide attention. This phenomenon has also precipitated an important debate in America on Chinese's soft-poweragenda. According to Joseph Nye, the founding father of "Soft-Power Theory," soft-power is the power of attraction without coercion. Nonetheless, results from this study suggest that the Confucius Institutes create mutually beneficialconsequences for both China and America, andtend to promote educational opportunities and social justice in America. This multiple case study is comprised of data from four of the Confucius Institutes in different geographiclocations in America (one from the Southwest, one from the Northwest, one from the East Coast, and the other one from the Midwest). Further data were also collected onother Confucius Institutes in the United States. Through document analysis, informal interviews, participant-observation, and semi-structured interviews, I primarily focused on the perceptions and beliefs from key personnel based in America, who set up and/or work for the Confucius Institutes in America. My inquiry is guided by the following research questions: 1) What is the nature of the Confucius Institute? 2) Why would aU.S. host institution want to house a Confucius Institute? 3) What trends are evident toward this Confucius Institute in its host institution? The study aims to find out what the Confucius Institutes at American universities do, to what extent they serve as a political tool for China, what benefits are there for host institutions in America, and what the future trends of the Confucius Institutes are in America. Across all four sites, staff members and key personnel suggested that the political influence from the Confucius Institutes is limited, as the programs offered by the Confucius Institute are low level; additionally, American Directors appointed by host institutions are in absolute leadership positions, ensuring the purpose and contents of Confucius Institute programs are strictly guided by the host institutions. This dissertation argues that the Confucius Institutes create a win-win situation for both China and the U.S. However, while the number of Confucius Institutes is growing aggressively in America and worldwide, the future of the Institutes abroad remains unknown. Its lack of self-sustainability, under-developed management from Hanban (the Confucius Institutes' headquarters in Beijing), and unstable policy/funding resources from the Chinese government are the key issues that could hinder the Confucius Institutes' longevity.

China's Thought Management

Author : Anne-Marie Brady
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136633898
Total Pages : 218 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (366 download)

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Book Synopsis China's Thought Management by : Anne-Marie Brady

Download or read book China's Thought Management written by Anne-Marie Brady and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-02-06 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: China's Thought Management argues that by re-emphasizing and modernizing propaganda and thought work since 1989, the CCP has managed to overcome a succession of local and national level crises - the Tiananmen Square protests of 1989, the impact of the collapse Socialism in the Eastern bloc, SARS, ethnic clashes in Tibet and Xinjiang, to name but a few - emerging re-strengthened and as dominant in Chinese society as ever. The contributors to this book address such crucial issues as the new emphasis on economic propaganda, the continued importance of the PLA propaganda system in China’s overall propaganda work and political stability, how the CCP uses "Confu-talk" in its foreign and domestic propaganda, and new approaches to mass persuasion such as "campaigns of mass distraction". Each chapter is a case study of the multiple ways in which the CCP has modified and adjusted its propaganda to reflect China’s changed economic and political environment. Challenging readers to reconceptualise mainstream understandings of the CCP’s hold on power and the means the CCP government adopts to maintain its authority to rule, this book will be invaluable reading for anyone interested in the Chinese media and Chinese politics.

China in and beyond the Headlines

Author : Timothy B. Weston
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield Publishers
ISBN 13 : 1442209062
Total Pages : 386 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (422 download)

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Book Synopsis China in and beyond the Headlines by : Timothy B. Weston

Download or read book China in and beyond the Headlines written by Timothy B. Weston and published by Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. This book was released on 2012-06-28 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the third volume of this popular series, leading experts provide fascinating and unexpected insights into critical issues of culture, economy, politics, and society in today's China. This world, outside the reach of state control and either misunderstood or unreported in Western media, gains clarity and dimension from the fresh insights of a prominent group of activists, investigative journalists, lawyers, scholars, and travelers, who share a common interest in lessening the profound information gap between China and the rest of the world. In sixteen new essays, they address such key topics as civil society, consumerism, environmental adversity, ethnic tension, the Internet, legal reform, new media and social networking, nationalist tourism, sex and popular culture, as well the costs of urban gigantism to portray the complexity of life in contemporary China—and how, increasingly, it speaks to the everyday experience of Americans. Contributions by: David Bandurski, Susan D. Blum, Timothy Cheek, Gady Epstein, Andrew S. Erickson, Lionel M. Jensen, John Kamm, Wenquing Kang, Katherine Palmer Kaup, Travis Klingberg, Orion A. Lewis, Benjamin L. Liebman, Jonathan S. Noble, Tim Oakes, Jessica C. Teets, Alex L. Wang, and Timothy B. Weston.

Confucius and Crisis in American Universities

Author : Amy Stambach
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135020426
Total Pages : 144 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis Confucius and Crisis in American Universities by : Amy Stambach

Download or read book Confucius and Crisis in American Universities written by Amy Stambach and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-05-23 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: China’s investment in U.S. higher education has raised considerable debate, but little research has been directed to the manner in which this investment unfolds and takes shape on the ground in local contexts. Confucius and Crisis in American Universities fills this gap by closely investigating how Chinese-funded U.S. programs are understood and configured in the modern American university. Drawing on interviews with Chinese teachers and their American students, as well as conversations with university administrators, this book argues that Chinese investment in American higher education serves as a broad form of global policy, harnessing the power of intercultural exchange as a means of managing international diplomatic relations through the experiences of university students. A transnational study, Confucius and Crisis in American Universities questions and reframes conventional notions of economic globalization and flexible citizenship, demonstrating how Chinese investment in U.S. education advances the lives of the already-privileged by creating access to overseas labor and markets, but to the exclusion of middle- and working-class students. A valuable and timely resource for scholars of education and anthropology, this book will also be useful to anyone interested in education policy or international affairs.

The ERIC Review

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 652 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis The ERIC Review by :

Download or read book The ERIC Review written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 652 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides information on programs, research, publications, and services of ERIC, as well as critical and current education information.

American Education

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 380 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis American Education by :

Download or read book American Education written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

MLA Style Manual and Guide to Scholarly Publishing

Author : Modern Language Association of America
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis MLA Style Manual and Guide to Scholarly Publishing by : Modern Language Association of America

Download or read book MLA Style Manual and Guide to Scholarly Publishing written by Modern Language Association of America and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides information on stylistic aspects of research papers, theses, and dissertations, including sections on writing fundamentals, MLA documentation style, and copyright law.

New Perspectives on Internationalization and Competitiveness

Author : Eskil Ullberg
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319119796
Total Pages : 196 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (191 download)

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Book Synopsis New Perspectives on Internationalization and Competitiveness by : Eskil Ullberg

Download or read book New Perspectives on Internationalization and Competitiveness written by Eskil Ullberg and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-11-29 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume showcases contributions from leading academics, educators and policymakers derived from two workshops hosted by the Interdisciplinary Center for Economic Science (ICES) at George Mason University on internationalization and competitiveness. It aims to present key areas of current research and to identify basic problems within the field to promote further discussion and research. This book is organized into two sections, focusing on: science and economics and innovation policy and its measurement, with an underlying emphasis on exploring connections across disciplines and across research, practice and policy. The first workshop was held at George Mason University (GMU) in Arlington, VA, USA in March 2013 and a second, building on the key results from the first, was held at the Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) in Stockholm, Sweden in October 2013. A variety of problems were discussed and several interdisciplinary concepts in internationalization and competitiveness have already emerged from these workshops. For example, many of the presentations emphasized a need for productivity, which is a key goal of economic development. It was proposed to shift the emphasis from productivity towards creativity by examining property right regimes and their measurement to provide incentives for creative idea generation. These regimes span across higher education, invention, labor markets, and many other markets and institutions. Addressing fundamental issues along four dimensions--economics, higher education, strategic collaboration, and new research methods--this book provides a multidimensional, interdisciplinary perspective on the challenges and opportunities for future development. This excellent collection of essays provides new insights as to how the development and diffusion of knowledge are facilitating convergence in the structure of research organizations across the globe -- a process that has enormous implications for how actors in all parts of the world compete with one another in an increasing array of arenas. The essays have valuable implications for understanding how producers of all kinds of knowledge across the globe are competing with one another and how geographical space and nation states are less important in the competition for novelty. Rogers Hollingsworth University of Wisconsin (Madison) University of California San Diego

Bucharest Diary

Author : Alfred H. Moses
Publisher : Brookings Institution Press
ISBN 13 : 0815732732
Total Pages : 438 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (157 download)

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Book Synopsis Bucharest Diary by : Alfred H. Moses

Download or read book Bucharest Diary written by Alfred H. Moses and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2018-07-17 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An insider's account of Romania's emergence from communism control In the 1970s American attorney Alfred H. Moses was approached on the streets of Bucharest by young Jews seeking help to emigrate to Israel. This became the author's mission until the communist regime fell in 1989. Before that Moses had met periodically with Romania's communist dictator, Nicolae Ceausescu, to persuade him to allow increased Jewish emigration. This experience deepened Moses's interest in Romania—an interest that culminated in his serving as U.S. ambassador to the country from 1994 to 1997 during the Clinton administration. The ambassador's time of service in Romania came just a few years after the fall of the Berlin Wall and the subsequent collapse of communism in Eastern Europe. During this period Romania faced economic paralysis and was still buried in the rubble of communism. Over the next three years Moses helped nurture Romania's nascent democratic institutions, promoted privatization of Romania's economy, and shepherded Romania on the path toward full integration with Western institutions. Through frequent press conferences, speeches, and writings in the Romanian and Western press and in his meetings with Romanian officials at the highest level, he stated in plain language the steps Romania needed to take before it could be accepted in the West as a free and democratic country. Bucharest Diary: An American Ambassador's Journey is filled with firsthand stories, including colorful anecdotes, of the diplomacy, both public and private, that helped Romania recover from four decades of communist rule and, eventually, become a member of both NATO and the European Union. Romania still struggles today with the consequences of its history, but it has reached many of its post-communist goals, which Ambassador Moses championed at a crucial time. This book will be of special interest to readers of history and public affairs—in particular those interested in Jewish life under communist rule in Eastern Europe and how the United States and its Western partners helped rebuild an important country devastated by communism.