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Fiscal Federalism In Brazil
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Book Synopsis The New Fiscal Federalism in Brazil by : Anwar Shah
Download or read book The New Fiscal Federalism in Brazil written by Anwar Shah and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1991 with total page 121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper provides an overview of the existing state of fiscal federalism in Brazil and suggests directions for change.
Book Synopsis Essays on fiscal federalism in brazil by :
Download or read book Essays on fiscal federalism in brazil written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Os três ensaios que compõem esta tese, têm como objetivo analisar o funcionamento do federalismo fiscal no Brasil. O primeiro analisa as tendências de longo prazo no graude centralização e no crescimento do governo e sua relação durante o século XX. O achado mais importante deste ensaio é que os processos de descentralização fiscal promovidos pelas Constituições de 1946 e de 1988 aceleraram o crescimento do governo. Esses processos de descentralização provocaram crises no nível federal, que levaram o governo central a aumentar sua receita tributária para compensar a perda de receitas derivada da descentralização de recursos fiscais. Do outro lado, essa descentralização provocou o crescimento da despesa dos estados e municípios, que não foi compensado pela redução da despesa do governo federal. O segundo ensaio analisa a utilização de transferências intergovernamentais como mecanismo de financiamento dos níveis inferiores de governo. Esse ensaio desenvolveum modelo analítico para explicar o efeito expansivo das transferências sobre a despesa das unidades receptoras, conhecido como flypaper effect, e as diferenças regionais na sua intensidade. Usando um modelo de parámetros variando no espaço, o estudo demonstra empíricamente a presença do flypaper effect nas finanças dos municípios brasileros esuas diferenças regionais. Finalmente, o terceiro estuda os determinantes político institucionais do comportamento fiscal dos estados durante o período 1985-1997. O ensaio mostra a existência de ciclos políticos eleitorais, a influência expansionista da fragmentação do sistema partidário sobre a postura fiscal dos estados, a disciplina fiscal imposta pela da participação política da população e o fato de que que administrações estaduais de esquerda tendem a adotar posturas fiscais mais expansionistas do que as adotadas por administrações estaduais de centro ou de direita.
Book Synopsis Fiscal Federalism in Brazil by : Dennis J. Mahar
Download or read book Fiscal Federalism in Brazil written by Dennis J. Mahar and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 644 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Presidents, Governors, and the Politics of Distribution in Federal Democracies by : Lucas I. González
Download or read book Presidents, Governors, and the Politics of Distribution in Federal Democracies written by Lucas I. González and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-03-10 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tensions between central authorities and subnational units over centralization and fiscal autonomy are on top of the political agenda in many developing federal countries. This book examines historical changes in the balance between the resources that presidents and governors control and the policy responsibilities they have to deliver. It focuses on Argentina and Brazil, the most decentralized federal countries in Latin America, with the most powerful sub-national governments in the region. Using formal modelling, statistical tools, and comparative historical analyses, it examines substantive shifts in the allocation of resources and the distribution of administrative functions and explains under which conditions these changes occur. In doing so, it presents theoretical and comparative implications for the study of fiscal federalism and the functioning of developing federal democracies. This text will be of key interest to scholars and students of federalism, intergovernmental relations, decentralization, and sub-national politics and more broadly to those studying comparative politics, democratization, political elites, public policy and economics.
Book Synopsis Fiscal Management in Federal Democracies by : William R. Dillinger
Download or read book Fiscal Management in Federal Democracies written by William R. Dillinger and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1999 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: May 1999 - Argentina and Brazil-two of the most decentralized public sectors in Latin America and (along with Colombia and India) among the most decentralized democracies in the developing world-faced similar problems in the 1980s: excessive public deficits and high inflation exacerbated by subnational deficits. In the 1990s, Argentina was more successful at macroeconomic stabilization, partly because it imposed harder budget constraints on the public sector nationally and partly because it had stronger party control of both national legislators and subnational governments. In shifting to decentralized public finances, a country's central government faces certain fiscal management problems. First, during and soon after the transition, unless it reduces spending or increases its own tax resources, the central government tends to have higher deficits as it shifts fiscal resources to subnational governments through transfers, revenue sharing, or delegation of tax bases. Reducing spending is hard not only because cuts are always hard but because subnational governments might not take on expected tasks, leaving the central government with a legal or political obligation to continue spending for certain services. Second, after decentralization, the local or state government faces popular pressure to spend more and tax less, creating the tendency to run deficits. This tendency can be a problem if subnational governments and their creditors expect or rely on bailouts by the central government. Econometric evidence from 32 large industrial and developing countries indicates that higher subnational spending and deficits lead to greater national deficits. Dillinger and Webb investigate how, and how successfully, Argentina and Brazil dealt with these problems in the 1990s. In both countries, subnational governments account for about half of public spending and are vigorous democracies in most (especially the largest) jurisdictions. The return to democracy in the 1980s revived and strengthened long-standing federal practices while weakening macroeconomic performance, resulting in unsustainable fiscal deficits, high inflation, sometimes hyperinflation, and low or negative growth. Occasional stabilization plans failed within a few years. Then Argentina (in 1991) and Brazil (in 1994) introduced successful stabilization plans. National issues were important in preventing and then bringing about macroeconomic stabilization, but so were intergovernmental fiscal relations and the fiscal management of subnational governments. State deficits and federal transfers were often out of control in the 1980s, contributing to national macroeconomic problems. Stabilization programs in the 1990s needed to establish control, and self-control, over subnational spending and borrowing. This paper-a product of Poverty Reduction and Economic Management, Latin America and the Caribbean Region-is part of the LCR regional studies program on fiscal decentralization in Latin America. The authors may be contacted at [email protected] or [email protected].
Book Synopsis Constitutional Engineering in Brazil by : Celina Souza
Download or read book Constitutional Engineering in Brazil written by Celina Souza and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-07-27 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book investigates why a country facing issues that needed to be tackled nationwide chose to decentralize when it moved from authoritarianism to democracy. It discusses the events of the Brazilian constituent assembly and investigates the results of decentralization at the subnational sphere. The results suggest that there was a lack of social consensus on what was to be achieved by decentralization. They suggest that political and economic factors influence the outcomes of decentralization, thus exposing the limits of decentralization on policy results.
Book Synopsis Fiscal Federalism in Brazil by : José Serra
Download or read book Fiscal Federalism in Brazil written by José Serra and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although the states and municipalities that comprise the Brazilian Federation have considerable autonomy in raising their own tax income and spending public funds, this is not the outcome of a planned decentralization process. The improvement in fiscal indicators at the subnational-government level since the promulgation of the Fiscal Responsibility Act has made a major contribution to the success of the country's macroeconomic stabilization policy. Nonetheless, the Federation is seen as a major stumbling block for reform of the tax system. As a contribution to the debate on federative balance in the division of fiscal responsibilities, this paper makes a diagnostic study of the federative framework and recent institutional changes, and proposes a new federative agenda.
Book Synopsis Federalism and Democracy in Brazil and Beyond by : Eduardo Grin
Download or read book Federalism and Democracy in Brazil and Beyond written by Eduardo Grin and published by Editora Appris. This book was released on 2024-08-07 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the result of a collective re¬flection among scholars from 8 federations and decentralized countries (Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, Ethiopia, Germany, Italy, Mexico) who sought to update approaches and arguments on federalism in a post-COVID-19 scenario. On one hand, the pandemic highlighted the importance of federalism to deal with complex intergovernmental problems. On the other hand, federations also faced challenges to coordinate different spheres of government. The pandemic has allowed intense learning about the potential and limits of multilevel governance and federal arrangements in addressing emergencies and crises whose effects spread throughout the country. Regarding contemporary challenges such as climate emergency and democratic backsliding, which take on particular contours in federal, quasi-federal, and decentralized countries, the book offers insightful thoughts for scholars and practitioners. Federalism and federal countries can be pivotal in this debate due to their form of territorial division of power. This volume seeks to contribute to these discussions based on thoughts grounded on different national settings. The volume is organized in 16 chapters that contemplate essential topics on federalism and federations, based both on theoretical refl¬ections and empirical research. The chapters were mainly organized to offer for the authors a comparative perspective between the international debate and the Brazilian context. The book covers central issues such as federalism and institutional forms, federalism and democracy, federalism and de/centralization, managing interdependences and intergovernmental relations, federalism and ethnic diversity and federalism and challenges for the welfare state. Although this book is subject to the scrutiny of time, in line with changes in federations themselves, both organizers and authors aspire to provide ongoing debates with insightful contributions on Federalism and Democracy in Brazil and Beyond. This book is an essential reading for students and scholars of federalism, intergovernmental relations, multilevel governance and comparative politics.
Author :Mrs.Teresa Ter-Minassian Publisher :International Monetary Fund ISBN 13 :9781557756633 Total Pages :1146 pages Book Rating :4.7/5 (566 download)
Book Synopsis Fiscal Federalism in Theory and Practice by : Mrs.Teresa Ter-Minassian
Download or read book Fiscal Federalism in Theory and Practice written by Mrs.Teresa Ter-Minassian and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1997-09-10 with total page 1146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past few decades, a clear trend has emerged worldwide toward the devolution of spending and, to a lesser extent, revenue-raising responsibilities to state and local levels of government. One view is that the decentralization of spending responsibilities can entail substantial gains in terms of distributed equity and macroeconomic management. The papers in this volume, edited by Teresa Ter-Minassian, examine the validity of these views in light of theoretical considerations, as well as the experience of a number of countries.
Book Synopsis Ambition, Federalism, and Legislative Politics in Brazil by : David Samuels
Download or read book Ambition, Federalism, and Legislative Politics in Brazil written by David Samuels and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2003-02-24 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ambition theory suggests that scholars can understand a good deal about politics by exploring politicians' career goals. In the USA, an enormous literature explains congressional politics by assuming that politicians primarily desire to win re-election. In contrast, although Brazil's institutions appear to encourage incumbency, politicians do not seek to build a career within the legislature. Instead, political ambition focuses on the subnational level. Even while serving in the legislature, Brazilian legislators act strategically to further their future extra-legislative careers by serving as 'ambassadors' of subnational governments. Brazil's federal institutions also affect politicians' electoral prospects and career goals, heightening the importance of subnational interests in the lower chamber of the national legislature. Together, ambition and federalism help explain important dynamics of executive-legislative relations in Brazil. This book's rational-choice institutionalist perspective contributes to the literature on the importance of federalism and subnational politics to understanding national-level politics around the world.
Book Synopsis Performance and Problems of Fiscal Federalism in Brazil by : Flavio Riani
Download or read book Performance and Problems of Fiscal Federalism in Brazil written by Flavio Riani and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Brazil written by World Bank and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 51 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Tax Aspects of Fiscal Federalism by : Gianluigi Bizioli
Download or read book Tax Aspects of Fiscal Federalism written by Gianluigi Bizioli and published by IBFD. This book was released on 2011 with total page 797 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the extreme complexity and the evolution of taxing authority towards a progressive increase in the local governments’ taxing powers. - IBFD website
Book Synopsis Federalism Against Markets by : Aaron Mitchell Schneider
Download or read book Federalism Against Markets written by Aaron Mitchell Schneider and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 636 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Bargaining for Fiscal Control by : André Martínez Fritscher
Download or read book Bargaining for Fiscal Control written by André Martínez Fritscher and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper studies the historical origins of the federalist institutions in Mexico and Brazil. Using a bargaining game model, I argue that the type of commodities each country produced by the end of the nineteenth Century determined the negotiation power of local governments. This led to the buildup of opposite federalist institutions in both countries, which have persisted until nowadays. The model shows that countries with regions with more autonomy to produce and trade their commodities increase the local power to collect more taxes. While in Brazil coffee was the most important commodity, Mexico relied on mining products. Coffee was produced by local landowners who became economically powerful and they were able that export taxes were collected locally with the proclamation of the 1891 Constitution. Empirical estimates show that, after 1891, exporter states increased significantly their own fiscal revenue. On the other hand, mining was capital and technology intensive, inputs that were domestically scarce in Mexico. To finance those activities foreign investment was promoted centrally, weakening the relative power of local elites. -- Institutions ; Fiscal Federalism ; Public Finance and Endowments
Book Synopsis Endowments, fiscal federalism, and the cost of capital for states : evidence from Brazil, 1891-1930 by : André C. Martínez Fritscher
Download or read book Endowments, fiscal federalism, and the cost of capital for states : evidence from Brazil, 1891-1930 written by André C. Martínez Fritscher and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the last few years there has been an explosion in the number of papers that aim to explain what determines country risk (defined as the difference between the yield of a sovereign's bonds and the risk free rate). In this paper, we contribute to the discussion using by showing that Brazilian states with natural endowments that allowed them to export commodities that were in high demand (e.g., rubber and coffee) between 1891 and 1930 ended up having higher revenues per capita and, thus, lower cost of capital. The link between exports and state government revenues works in the Brazilian case because of the extreme form of fiscal federalism that the Brazilian government adopted in the Constitution of 1891, giving state governments the sole right to tax exports. We create a panel of state debt risk premia and a series of state level fiscal variables and we show, using OLS, that having specific commodities gave states access capital in better terms (i.e., lower risk premium) in international markets. We also confirm our results that states with better commodities had lower risk premia when we use export price indices for each of the states as instruments for state revenue per capita.
Book Synopsis New Economic and Fiscal Federalism by : José Serra
Download or read book New Economic and Fiscal Federalism written by José Serra and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
