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Download or read book Fine Particle Clay Catalysts for Coal Liquefaction. Quarterly Technical Progress Report, November 9, 1992-February 8, 1993 written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fine Particle Clay Catalysts for Coal Liquefaction. Quarterly Technical Progress Report, November 9, 1991-February 8, 1992 written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fine Particle Clay Catalysts for Coal Liquefaction. Quarterly Technical Progress Report, February 9, 1992-May 8, 1992 written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fine Particle Clay Catalysts for Coal Liquefaction. Quarterly Technical Progress Report, February 9, 1993-May 8, 1993 written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fine Particle Clay Catalysts for Coal Liquefaction. Quarterly Technical Progress Report, May 8, 1993-August 8, 1993 written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 18 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (683 download)
Download or read book Fine Particle Clay Catalysts for Coal Liquefaction. Quarterly Technical Progress Report, May 9, 1992--August 8, 1992 written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An investigation of new methods for the production of mixed pillared clay catalysts and clay-supported catalysts and determination of their catalytic activities were continued in this quarter. To demonstrate the reproducibility of the preparative method for high activity iron/alumina-pillared montmorillonite catalysts, a new batch of the catalyst was prepared and tested for hydrocracking activity with bibenzyl. This preparation gave conversion and product distribution similar to that reported previously. The mixed iron/alumina-pillared clay was also prepared using a pillaring solution that was aged for longer period of time. To determine the importance of the type of pillaring support in hydrocracking activity, iron/zirconia-pillared montmorillonite was prepared using the same technique as that for iron/alumina-pillared montmorillonite. The reaction of bibenzyl with the sulfided iron/zirconia-pillared catalyst gave a lower hydrocracking conversion than the iron/alumina-pillared catalyst. Addition of a second catalytic metal to the clay support was attempted to determine if a synergistic effect could improve liquefaction. Ferric nitrate and stannous chloride were added to the clay, but the resulting catalyst was relatively poor for hydrocracking and hydrogenation compared with ferric nitrate supported on the clay. New disposable iron catalysts with high acidity and surface area are desired for coal liquefaction. Synthetic iron aluminosilicates were prepared by methods similar to those used for the nickel-substituted synthetic mica montmorillonite (NiSMM) catalysts, which are very effective for hydrogenation and reforming of hydrocarbons. The iron aluminosilicate catalysts were tested for hydrocracking and hydrogenation of bibenzyl, naphthalene and pyrene. Pyrene hydrogenation was effectively catalyzed by the sulfided synthetic iron catalyst.
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 754 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (129 download)
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 754 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fine Particles Clay Catalysts for Coal Liquefaction. Quarterly Technical Report, May 9, 1992-August 8, 1992 written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Edwin S. Olson
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 11 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (283 download)
Download or read book Fine Particle Clay Catalysts for Coal Liquefaction written by Edwin S. Olson and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 18 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (727 download)
Download or read book Fine Particle Clay Catalysts for Coal Liquefaction. Quarterly Technical Report, May 9, 1991--August 8, 1991 written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The efficient production of environmentally acceptable distillate fuels requires catalysts for hydrogenation and cleavage of the coal macromolecules and removal of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur heteroatoms. The goal of the proposed research is to develop new catalysts for the direct liquefaction of coal. This type of catalyst consists of fine clay particles that have been treated with reagents which form pillaring structures between the aluminosilicate layers of the clay. The pillars not only hold the layers apart but also constitute the active catalytic sites for hydrogenation of the coal and the solvent used in the liquefaction. The pillaring catalytic sites are composed of pyrrhotite, which has been previously demonstrated to be active for coal liquefaction. The pyrrhotite sites are generated in situ by sulfiding the corresponding oxyiron species. The size of the catalyst will be less than 40 nm in order to promote intimate contact with the coal material. Since the clays and reagents for pillaring and activating the clays are inexpensive, the catalysts can be discarded after use, rather than regenerated by a costly process. The proposed work will evaluate methods for preparing the fine particle iron-pillared clay dispersions and for activating the particles to generate the catalysts. Characterization studies of the pillared clays and activated catalysts will be performed. The effectiveness of the pillared clay dispersion for hydrogenation and coal liquefaction will be determined in several types of testing.
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 634 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)
Download or read book Government Reports Announcements & Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 634 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fine Particle Clay Catalysts for Coal Liquefaction. Final Technical Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 8 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (727 download)
Download or read book Design, Synthesis, and Characterization of Novel Fine-particle, Unsupported Catalysts for Coal Liquefaction. Technical Progress Report, October 26, 1991--January 25, 1992 written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this work is to investigate the kinetics-assisted design, synthesis and characterization of fine-particle, unsupported catalysts for coal liquefaction. The goal is to develop a fundamental understanding of coal catalysis and catalysts that will, in turn, allow for the specification of a novel optical catalyst for coal liquefaction.
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 8 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (727 download)
Download or read book Design, Synthesis, and Characterization of Novel Fine-particle, Unsupported Catalysts for Coal Liquefaction. Technical Progress Report, January 26, 1992--April 25, 1992 written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An investigation aimed at devising a procedure for preparing alkyl-or aryl-capped iron sulfide particles continues. An initial attempt to prepare fine-particle, aryl-capped iron sulfides (S-31) involved the competitive reaction of thiophenol (PhSH) and sodium sulfide (Na2S) with Fe(II). However, SEM examination of the particles formed by this procedure indicated that no size control had been attained. It was thought that the phenyl group of thiophenol was not bulky enough to prevent thiolate bridging and consequent particle size growth of the metal sulfide. So the bulkier thiol 1-adamantanethiol was synthesized and used in synthesis S-33 in the next attempt to prepare fine-particle, capped iron sulfides.
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 21 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (727 download)
Download or read book Design, Synthesis, and Characterization of Novel Fine-particle, Unsupported Catalysts for Coal Liquefaction. Technical Progress Report, October 25, 1990--October 24, 1991 written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this work is to investigate the kinetics-assisted design, synthesis and characterization of fme-pardcle, unsupported catalysts for coal liquefaction. The goal is to develop a fundamental understanding of coal catalysis and catalysts that will, in turn, allow for the specification of a novel optimal catalyst for coal liquefaction.
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 11 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (727 download)
Download or read book Fine Particle Clay Catalysts for Coal Liquefaction written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The efficient production of environmentally acceptable distillate fuels requires catalysts for hydrogenation and cleavage of the coal macromolecules and removal of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur heteroatoms. The goal of the proposed research is to develop new catalysts for the direct liquefaction of coal. This type of catalyst consists of fine clay particles that have been treated with reagents which form pillaring structures between the aluminosilicate layers of the clay. The pillars not only hold the layers apart but also constitute the active catalytic sites for hydrogenation of the coal and solvent used in the liquefaction. The pillaring catalytic sites are composed of pyrrhotite, which has been previously demonstrated to be active for coal liquefaction. The pyrrhotite sites are generated in situ by sulfiding the corresponding oxyiron species. The size of the catalyst will be less than 40 nm in order to promote intimate contact with the coal material. Since the clays and reagents for pillaring and activating the clays are inexpensive, the catalysts can be discarded after use, rather than regenerated by a costly process. The proposed work will evaluate methods for preparing the fine particle iron-pillared clay dispersions and for activating the particles to generate the catalysts. Characterization studies of the pillared clays and activated catalysts will performed. The effectiveness of the pillared clay dispersion for hydrogenation and coal liquefaction will be determined in several types of testing. 5 refs., 1 tab.
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 10 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (727 download)
Download or read book Highly Dispersed Catalysts for Coal Liquefaction. Quarterly Report No. 6, November 23, 1992--February 22, 1993 written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objectives of this project are to study the effect of pretreatment methods on the two-stage liquefaction process. In particular the effects of dispersed catalysts and carbon monoxide atmospheres on a coal liquefaction process. The project is divided into three technical tasks. Task 1 and 2 deal with the analyses and liquefaction experiments, respectively, whereas Task 3 deals with the economic impact of utilizing the pretreatment methods. This quarter concentrated on Tasks 1 and 2. which are summarized below. The fractionated products from the coal liquefaction experiments conducted in Task 2 exhibited a very low H/C ratio, most likely due to the low H/C ratio of the Black Thunder recycle vehicle used in these liquefaction experiments. Wilsonville has reported the recycle vehicle as approximately 20% distillable material (1100°F at one atmosphere), 20% insoluble material (CI) and 40% resid. We are now in the process of fractionating this material in order to determine its contribution to our liquefaction results. We also analyzed some of the sulfated iron catalysts for surface areas, finding that the calcined catalyst had surface areas of 76 m2/g, compared to 6 m2/g for the iron oxide used by Wilsonville. We also synthesized two more catalysts, the sulfated iron catalyst, and a thiolato iron carbonyl catalyst. We hope to be able to screen these catalysts for liquefaction experiments in the 300 mL autoclaves during the next quater. This quarter we studied iron carbonyl as a catalyst using atmospheres of hydrogen and of hydrogen and carbon monoxide at total cold pressures of 1000 psia. The comparisons are not yet completed, but it appears that pure hydrogen gave slightly higher conversions into preasphaltenes, but similar conversions into asphaltenes and oils.
