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Fault Tracing Against Quine Duhem
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Book Synopsis Fault-Tracing: Against Quine-Duhem by : Sam Mitchell
Download or read book Fault-Tracing: Against Quine-Duhem written by Sam Mitchell and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2020-09-21 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is widely believed in philosophy of science that nobody can claim that any verdict of science is forced upon us by the effects of a physical world upon our sense organs and instruments. The Quine-Duhem problem supposedly allows us to resist any conclusion. Views on language aside, Quine is supposed to have shown this decisively. But it is just false. In many scientific examples, there is simply no room to doubt that a particular hypothesis is responsible for a refutation or established by the observations. Fault Tracing shows how to play independently established hypotheses against each other to determine whether an arbitrary hypothesis needs to be altered in the light of (apparently) refuting evidence. It analyses real examples from natural science, as well as simpler cases. It argues that, when scientific theories have a structure that prevents them from using this method, the theory looks wrong, and is subject to serious criticism. This is a new, and potentially far-reaching, theory of empirical justification.
Book Synopsis Can Theories be Refuted? by : Sandra Harding
Download or read book Can Theories be Refuted? written by Sandra Harding and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: According to a view assumed by many scientists and philosophers of science and standardly found in science textbooks, it is controlled ex perience which provides the basis for distinguishing between acceptable and unacceptable theories in science: acceptable theories are those which can pass empirical tests. It has often been thought that a certain sort of test is particularly significant: 'crucial experiments' provide supporting empiri cal evidence for one theory while providing conclusive evidence against another. However, in 1906 Pierre Duhem argued that the falsification of a theory is necessarily ambiguous and therefore that there are no crucial experiments; one can never be sure that it is a given theory rather than auxiliary or background hypotheses which experiment has falsified. w. V. Quine has concurred in this judgment, arguing that "our statements about the external world face the tribunal of sense experience not indi vidually but only as a corporate body". Some philosophers have thought that the Duhem-Quine thesis gra tuitously raises perplexities. Others see it as doubly significant; these philosophers think that it provides a base for criticism of the foundational view of knowledge which has dominated much of western thought since Descartes, and they think that it opens the door to a new and fruitful way to conceive of scientific progress in particular and of the nature and growth of knowledge in general.
Book Synopsis Duhem and Holism by : Milena Ivanova
Download or read book Duhem and Holism written by Milena Ivanova and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-07-29 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The holistic thesis developed by Pierre Duhem challenges the idea that our evidence can conclusively falsify a theory. Given that no scientific theory is tested in isolation, a negative experiment can always be attributed to components other than the theory we test – to the auxiliary hypotheses and background assumptions. How do scientists decide whether the experimental result undermines the theory or points at an error in the underlying assumptions? Duhem argues that we cannot offer a rule that directs when the scientist should employ a radical or conservative strategy in light of a negative result, and ultimately they will appeal to their intuition. More recently philosophers have offered a number of strategies of how to locate error and justify the abandonment of a theory or an auxiliary hypothesis. This Element analyses Duhem's response to holism and subsequent accounts of how the problem can be resolved.
Book Synopsis The Encyclopedia of Clinical Psychology, 5 Volume Set by : Robin L. Cautin
Download or read book The Encyclopedia of Clinical Psychology, 5 Volume Set written by Robin L. Cautin and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-01-20 with total page 3215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “Recommended. Undergraduates through faculty/researchers; professionals/practitioners;general readers.” – Choice Includes well over 500 A-Z entries of between 500 and 7,500 words in length covering the main topics, key concepts, and influential figures in the field of clinical psychology Serves as a comprehensive reference with emphasis on philosophical and historical issues, cultural considerations, and conflicts Offers a historiographical overview of the ways in which research influences practice Cites the best and most up-to-date scientific evidence for each topic, encouraging readers to think critically 5 Volumes www.encyclopediaclinicalpsychology.com
Author :Research School of Social Sciences The Australian National University Daniel Stoljar Senior Fellow Publisher :Oxford University Press, USA ISBN 13 :0198041853 Total Pages :263 pages Book Rating :4.1/5 (98 download)
Book Synopsis Ignorance and Imagination : The Epistemic Origin of the Problem of Consciousness by : Research School of Social Sciences The Australian National University Daniel Stoljar Senior Fellow
Download or read book Ignorance and Imagination : The Epistemic Origin of the Problem of Consciousness written by Research School of Social Sciences The Australian National University Daniel Stoljar Senior Fellow and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2006-05-01 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ignorance and Imagination advances a novel way to resolve the central philosophical problem about the mind: how it is that consciousness or experience fits into a larger naturalistic picture of the world. The correct response to the problem, Stoljar argues, is not to posit a realm of experience distinct from the physical, nor to deny the reality of phenomenal experience, nor even to rethink our understanding of consciousness and the language we use to talk about it. Instead, we should view the problem itself as a consequence of our ignorance of the relevant physical facts. Stoljar shows that this change of orientation is well motivated historically, empirically, and philosophically, and that it has none of the side effects it is sometimes thought to have. The result is a philosophical perspective on the mind that has a number of far-reaching consequences: for consciousness studies, for our place in nature, and for the way we think about the relationship between philosophy and science.
Book Synopsis Science as Natural Philosophy and Finding Our Place in the Universe by : Richard L. Summers
Download or read book Science as Natural Philosophy and Finding Our Place in the Universe written by Richard L. Summers and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2023-11-21 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Scientific Revolution began with the publication of Copernicus’ heliocentric theory describing the Sun as the center of our solar system and all the known Universe. That revolutionary idea began a rethinking of our place in the Universe and no longer were the affairs of humanity considered as the centerpiece of all that was known. In the past century, with the advent of the theories of Special and General Relativity, the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum theory, and a more sophisticated conception of living system dynamics, there has been a new understanding of the central role of the observer or experiencer in the determination of natural phenomena and the actualization of reality. Modern advancements in information theory, semiotics, and consciousness studies have also led to a better comprehension of the relationship between 1st person and 3rd person perspectives and the limits of the Scientific Method. Science and religion have always had the common goal of trying to further our understanding of the world and its meaning for us. This book explores a possible return of science to a role as natural philosophy and a pathway to better understanding our place in the Universe.
Book Synopsis Ignorance and Imagination by : Daniel Stoljar
Download or read book Ignorance and Imagination written by Daniel Stoljar and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2009-01-06 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ignorance and Imagination advances a novel way to resolve the central philosophical problem about the mind: how it is that consciousness or experience fits into a larger naturalistic picture of the world. The correct response to the problem, Stoljar argues, is not to posit a realm of experience distinct from the physical, nor to deny the reality of phenomenal experience, nor even to rethink our understanding of consciousness and the language we use to talk about it. Instead, we should view the problem itself as a consequence of our ignorance of the relevant physical facts, Stoljar shows that this change of orientation is well motivated historically, empirically, and philosophically, and that it has none of the side effects it is sometimes thought to have. The result is a philosophical perspective on the mind that has a number of far-reaching consequences: for consciousness studies, for our place in nature, and for the way we think about the relationship between philosophy and science.
Book Synopsis Popper and Economic Methodology by : Thomas Boylan
Download or read book Popper and Economic Methodology written by Thomas Boylan and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2007-09-11 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new book, under the impressive editorship of Thomas Boylan and Paschal O'Gorman, explores a number of major themes central to the work of Karl Popper. The tensions that have resulted from Popperian thought are well documented. How can mainstream orthodox economics be falsifiable while privileging its core of rationality as unquestionable? This book includes expert contributions from thinkers such as Tony Lawson, K. Vela Velupillai and John McCall, who discuss this issue with renewed academic rigour.
Download or read book Trace Evidence written by Max M. Houck and published by Infobase Publishing. This book was released on 2010-06-23 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explores the microscopic world in which the forensic scientist works by addressing the issues of what constitutes evidence. Covers important methods of trace analysis, including spectroscopy and chromatography, and manufactured and natural fibers and the many ways in which they appear in textiles and are analyzed in the laboratory.
Book Synopsis Principles of Behavioral Economics by : Peter Earl
Download or read book Principles of Behavioral Economics written by Peter Earl and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022-07-28 with total page 541 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents the ONE behavioral approach to economics: a grand synthesis of Old, New and Evolutionary behavioral approaches.
Book Synopsis The Web of Belief by : Willard Van Orman Quine
Download or read book The Web of Belief written by Willard Van Orman Quine and published by Random House Trade. This book was released on 1978 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Web of Belief provides a philosophical base for the study and practice of the art of argumentation. Stressing the importance of language in understanding and expressing ideas, the authors explore such questions as: What concepts do we believe to be true and why? And how can we convince others to accept our own beliefs? Drawing on everyday problems of communication, creative exercises give the student practice in formulating and testing his own arguments, as well as those of others. --
Book Synopsis New Idols of the Cave by : Christopher Norris
Download or read book New Idols of the Cave written by Christopher Norris and published by Manchester University Press. This book was released on 1997 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a broad-based critical survey of recent anti-realist arguments in the philosophy of science, cultural theory, hermeneutics, the sociology of knowledge and the interpretation of quantum-mechanics.
Book Synopsis Subjective Probability by : Richard Jeffrey
Download or read book Subjective Probability written by Richard Jeffrey and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2004-04-12 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sample Text
Download or read book Physics Avoidance written by Mark Wilson and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mark Wilson explores our strategies for understanding the world. We frequently cannot reason about nature in the straightforward manner we anticipate, but must use alternative thought processes that reach useful answers in opaque and roundabout ways ; and philosophy must find better descriptive tools to reflect this.
Book Synopsis Understanding Philosophy of Science by : James Ladyman
Download or read book Understanding Philosophy of Science written by James Ladyman and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-08-06 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Few can imagine a world without telephones or televisions; many depend on computers and the Internet as part of daily life. Without scientific theory, these developments would not have been possible. In this exceptionally clear and engaging introduction to philosophy of science, James Ladyman explores the philosophical questions that arise when we reflect on the nature of the scientific method and the knowledge it produces. He discusses whether fundamental philosophical questions about knowledge and reality might be answered by science, and considers in detail the debate between realists and antirealists about the extent of scientific knowledge. Along the way, central topics in philosophy of science, such as the demarcation of science from non-science, induction, confirmation and falsification, the relationship between theory and observation and relativism are all addressed. Important and complex current debates over underdetermination, inference to the best explaination and the implications of radical theory change are clarified and clearly explained for those new to the subject.
Author :Giorgio Barba Navaretti Publisher :Springer Science & Business Media ISBN 13 :3662037386 Total Pages :309 pages Book Rating :4.6/5 (62 download)
Book Synopsis Creation and Transfer of Knowledge by : Giorgio Barba Navaretti
Download or read book Creation and Transfer of Knowledge written by Giorgio Barba Navaretti and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Is knowledge an economic good? Which are the characteristics of the institutions regulating the production and diffusion of knowledge? Cumulation of knowledge is a key determinant of economic growth, but only recently knowledge has moved to the core of economic analysis. Recent literature also gives profound insights into events like scientific progress, artistic and craft development which have been rarely addressed as socio-economic institutions, being the domain of sociologists and historians rather than economists. This volume adopts a multidisciplinary approach to bring knowledge in the focus of attention, as a key economic issue.
