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Family Environment Exposure To Community Violence And The Development Of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
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Book Synopsis Family Environment, Exposure to Community Violence and the Development of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder by : Jordana Nejman-Muhlmeister
Download or read book Family Environment, Exposure to Community Violence and the Development of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder written by Jordana Nejman-Muhlmeister and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Community Violence Exposure, Adverse Childhood Experiences and Posttraumatic Distress in a National Sample of Urban Workers by : Sherry Muterspaugh Walling
Download or read book Community Violence Exposure, Adverse Childhood Experiences and Posttraumatic Distress in a National Sample of Urban Workers written by Sherry Muterspaugh Walling and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Violence continues to plague urban communities. The impact of community violence has been widely researched in children and adolescents; however, adult members of urban communities have been largely overlooked. The current study investigated the community violence exposure of 284 urban community development workers across five U.S. cities. Exposure to community violence, history of adverse childhood experiences, and current level of posttraumatic distress were assessed in order to test the hypothesis that adverse childhood experiences moderate the relationship between community violence exposure and posttraumatic distress. The findings indicate that urban workers are exposed to high levels of community violence with 74.9% reporting direct victimization and 99% reporting indirect violence exposure. In addition, 99% of participants reported exposure to adverse childhood experiences, and 14% of the sample met the diagnostic criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). A multiple regression analysis confirmed that adverse childhood experiences and community violence exposure were significantly positively related to PTSD. However, the significant interaction between the two predictors was suppressing rather than enhancing, indicating the salience of ACEs over and above community violence in predicting increased PTSD symptoms when both variables are present. Implications for urban work agencies are discussed.
Book Synopsis Children and Peace by : Nikola Balvin
Download or read book Children and Peace written by Nikola Balvin and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-10-20 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book brings together discourse on children and peace from the 15th International Symposium on the Contributions of Psychology to Peace, covering issues pertinent to children and peace and approaches to making their world safer, fairer and more sustainable. The book is divided into nine sections that examine traditional themes (social construction and deconstruction of diversity, intergenerational transitions and memories of war, and multiculturalism), as well as contemporary issues such as Europe’s “migration crisis”, radicalization and violent extremism, and violence in families, schools and communities. Chapters contextualize each issue within specific social ecological frameworks in order to reflect on the multiplicity of influences that affect different outcomes and to discuss how the findings can be applied in different contexts. The volume also provides solutions and hope through its focus on youth empowerment and peacebuilding programs for children and families. This forward-thinking volume offers a multitude of views, approaches, and strategies for research and activism drawn from peace psychology scholars and United Nations researchers and practitioners. This book's multi-layered emphasis on context, structural determinants of peace and conflict, and use of research for action towards social cohesion for children and youth has not been brought together in other peace psychology literature to the same extent. Children and Peace: From Research to Action will be a useful resource for peace psychology academics and students, as well as social and developmental psychology academics and students, peace and development practitioners and activists, policy makers who need to make decisions about the matters covered in the book, child rights advocates and members of multilateral organizations such as the UN.
Book Synopsis The Psychological Effects of War and Violence on Children by : Lewis A. Leavitt
Download or read book The Psychological Effects of War and Violence on Children written by Lewis A. Leavitt and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-01-14 with total page 395 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The outgrowth of a conference planned as a response to the need for researchers and clinicians to develop integrated plans for addressing the psychological trauma of children exposed to violence, this volume's goals are: * to summarize research on the subject with particular emphasis on the Gulf War; * to use this information to formulate an outline of what current knowledge suggests are reasonable approaches to public mental health intervention; and * to develop an agenda for future research necessary for improving clinical efforts in varying international conflicts. A significant collection of diverse perspectives attending to a diversity of cultural and political contexts, the contributors offer many conclusions about important dimensions for analyzing the effects of violence on children. Suggesting informed approaches to public mental health efforts which can be implemented, the work presented here directs attention to the need for interdisciplinary collaboration among researchers and clinicians to better understand the effects of exposure to violence on the psychological well being of children and the optimal modes of remediation on individual, family, and community levels.
Book Synopsis Exposure to Community Violence and the Reporting of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms Among Adolescents by : Amy McAdams
Download or read book Exposure to Community Violence and the Reporting of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms Among Adolescents written by Amy McAdams and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Violence in Context by : Todd I. Herrenkohl
Download or read book Violence in Context written by Todd I. Herrenkohl and published by OUP USA. This book was released on 2011 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Edited by four leading violence researchers, this book takes a systemic view, offering a critical appraisal of research and theory that focuses on violence in youth, families, and communities.
Book Synopsis Mass Trauma and Violence by : Nancy Boyd Webb
Download or read book Mass Trauma and Violence written by Nancy Boyd Webb and published by Guilford Press. This book was released on 2004-01-01 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes a range of effective ways to help children and families cope with major traumatic experiences such as community violence, war, and terrorist attacks. Detailed case examples bring to life the complexities of assessment and intervention with children of different ages and cultural backgrounds, including both survivors of one-time traumatic events and those dealing with ongoing stressors like the military deployment of a parent. Expert contributors provide guidelines for setting up and running school- and clinic-based support groups; conducting brief and longer-term interventions with individuals and families; and promoting healing with art, music, and play. Grounded in the latest knowledge on stress and coping, bereavement, attachment, and risk and resilience, and including much-needed tips for therapist self-care, this is an essential clinical resource and text.
Book Synopsis Community Violence Exposure and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder by : Claudine C. Hyatt
Download or read book Community Violence Exposure and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder written by Claudine C. Hyatt and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Hidden Scars by : United Nations Publications
Download or read book Hidden Scars written by United Nations Publications and published by . This book was released on 2022-04-30 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: More than 1 billion children - half of all children in the world - are exposed to violence every year, in many forms and places, online and off. Whether a target or a witness, a child's exposure to violence has a severe impact on mental health. Such experiences with violence are often traumatic, evoking toxic responses to stress that cause both immediate and longterm physiological and psychological damage, including depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, borderline personality disorder, anxiety, substance use disorders, sleep and eating disorders, and suicide. As the international community begins a Decade of Action to deliver the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by 2030, mental health must be imperative to measures employed to prevent and respond to violence against children and fulfill the promises of the Convention on the Rights of the Child. In support of that process, this publication provides an overview of international evidence on the ways in which violence harms children's mental health, considering both diverse settings and forms of violence, developmental differences in the aftermath, and the most significant risk and protective factors. Highlighting the urgent need for action alongside continued gaps in knowledge of worthwhile solutions, the report also offers existing, effective approaches that should be pursued.
Book Synopsis The Relationship Among Children's Exposure to Community Violence, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, and Parental Monitoring by : Luann Pederson Pannell
Download or read book The Relationship Among Children's Exposure to Community Violence, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, and Parental Monitoring written by Luann Pederson Pannell and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Role of a Family History of Alcohol Or Drug Abuse on PTSD Outcomes Following Community Violence Exposure by : Kathryn Reid-Quiñones
Download or read book The Role of a Family History of Alcohol Or Drug Abuse on PTSD Outcomes Following Community Violence Exposure written by Kathryn Reid-Quiñones and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research consistently has revealed the damaging consequences of children's repeated exposure to community violence and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is the most commonly cited internalizing disorder associated with such exposure. However, not all children who are exposed to community violence develop PTSD symptoms; thus, it is important to identify factors that contribute to this deleterious relationship. The purpose of the present study was to examine the relation of community violence exposure (CVE)and PTSD in a sample of urban adolescents. Additionally, the study assessed whether a maternal history of alcohol or drug abuse would exacerbate the association of CVE and PTSD symptoms in youth. Furthermore, deficient parenting and poorer psychological functioning of the substance-abusing mother was examined as a possible explanation of the relation of maternal substance abuse to community violence exposure and PTSD. Participants included 309 biological mothers and their 5th or 8th grade children (N = 309 dyads) who were recruited from high-violence neighborhoods in Richmond, Virginia. Youth and their maternal caregivers completed separate home interviews. Results revealed that greater violence exposure (witnessing violence and direct victimization)was associated with higher levels of PTSD symptoms in youth. Additionally, maternal alcohol abuse history exacerbated the relation between witnessed violence and PTSD symptoms. At low levels of witnessed violence, mother's alcohol use type did not influence PTSD symptoms; however, as levels of witnessed violence increase, youth whose mothers were classified as having a positive alcohol abuse history were more likely to report higher levels of PTSD symptoms. Furthermore, parental knowledge was an independent predictor of PTSD symptoms in each of the models. Lower levels of parental knowledge were associated with higher levels of youth-reported PTSD symptoms. Overall, the study findings support the need to examine moderating and mediating factors of the relation between CVE and PTSD among youth.
Download or read book Bearing Witness written by Sandra L Bloom and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-02-25 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bearing Witness: Violence and Collective Responsibility offers a unique layperson’s introduction to the scope and causes of violence and trauma theory and suggests ways we can all work to attack these causes. Upon completing this work, you will have a better understanding of the social causes of the violence epidemic and concrete suggestions for its long-term control. Bearing Witness addresses the cycle of violence by discussing some of the biological, psychological, social, and moral issues that go into determining whether a person will end up as a victim, perpetrator, or bystander to violent events and what happens to us when we are in one or all three of these roles. The authors look at a number of intersecting factors that play interdependent roles in creating a culture that promotes, supports, and even encourages violence. Specifically, you’ll gain invaluable insight into: trauma theory and traumatogenic forces--backdrops against which the chances of exposure to violence and the use of violence as a problemsolver are increased normal human development in the context of attachment theory and what occurs as a result of disrupted attachment bonds how rapid changes in modern society and the breakdown of the traditional family structure contribute to a level of social stress that promotes violence violence in the family, in the workplace, and in the schools--all places to which people turn for security social responses to violence--the ways in which certain responses decrease or increase the likelihood of violence the unhealthy balance of power between the genders and how violence or the threat of violence maintains this imbalance how our cultural standard of disavowing our normal emotional experience sets the stage for repeated and regular empathic failure, which leads to violence A framework for understanding the various aspects of the problem of violence, Bearing Witness delves into the various aspects of trauma--what trauma does to the body, the mind, the emotions, and relationships--before beginning to formulate proposals for initiating processes that lead to problemsolving. Once this knowledge base has been established, the authors give you the beginnings of an outline for reorganizing society with the aim of establishing a community that is responsive to the basic human need for safety and peace.
Book Synopsis Children of Katrina by : Alice Fothergill
Download or read book Children of Katrina written by Alice Fothergill and published by University of Texas Press. This book was released on 2015-09-01 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When children experience upheaval and trauma, adults often view them as either vulnerable and helpless or as resilient and able to easily “bounce back.” But the reality is far more complex for the children and youth whose lives are suddenly upended by disaster. How are children actually affected by catastrophic events and how do they cope with the damage and disruption? Children of Katrina offers one of the only long-term, multiyear studies of young people following disaster. Sociologists Alice Fothergill and Lori Peek spent seven years after Hurricane Katrina interviewing and observing several hundred children and their family members, friends, neighbors, teachers, and other caregivers. In this book, they focus intimately on seven children between the ages of three and eighteen, selected because they exemplify the varied experiences of the larger group. They find that children followed three different post-disaster trajectories—declining, finding equilibrium, and fluctuating—as they tried to regain stability. The children’s moving stories illuminate how a devastating disaster affects individual health and well-being, family situations, housing and neighborhood contexts, schooling, peer relationships, and extracurricular activities. This work also demonstrates how outcomes were often worse for children who were vulnerable and living in crisis before the storm. Fothergill and Peek clarify what kinds of assistance children need during emergency response and recovery periods, as well as the individual, familial, social, and structural factors that aid or hinder children in getting that support.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Childhood Behavioral Issues by : Thomas P. Gullotta
Download or read book Handbook of Childhood Behavioral Issues written by Thomas P. Gullotta and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2007-09-19 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent years have seen increasing interest in the mental health field, particularly related to strategies that foster the positive behavior and healthy mental state of children. As the Handbook of Childhood Behavioral Issues indicates, however, the causes of childhood behavioral, physical, and mental health problems are multi-dimensional and cannot be treated with a uniform approach. Rather than focus solely on theory, this book offers evidence of effective interventions as well as extensive bio-psychosocial methods of preventative practices. The research confirms the impact that environment has on children and offers new approaches to address physical, mental health, and behavioral issues in children. This volume is broken down into chapters that concentrate on a specific behavior or disorder, which not only makes the information comprehensible, but also allows for in-depth coverage of a particular issue. In addition to considering the genetic and psychological factors that trigger childhood mental health problems, the handbook also investigates the significant impact that family members and the surrounding community have on a child’s life. It is a book uniquely designed to include both the current perspectives on childhood development and the most effective treatment and prevention options. The result is a book that provides a deeper understanding of the variety of factors that contribute to a child’s behavior along with important information on the progress of evidence-based practices.
Book Synopsis Intergenerational Cycles of Trauma and Violence: An Attachment and Family Systems Perspective by : Pamela C. Alexander
Download or read book Intergenerational Cycles of Trauma and Violence: An Attachment and Family Systems Perspective written by Pamela C. Alexander and published by W. W. Norton & Company. This book was released on 2014-12-15 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exploring the conditions under which children, as a function of their own abuse, become abusive themselves. That experiences from childhood affect our behavior in adulthood, especially in the ways we treat our children and intimate partners, is generally accepted. Indeed, theories of intergenerational transmission of violence indicate that if we ourselves have been abused and neglected as children, we will likely be abusive and neglectful to others close to us—thus extending the cycle across generations. However, many individuals who were maltreated as children do not replicate this cycle, and such models make little sense of the individual raised in a “good family” who is violent either as a child or as an adult. These discontinuities of cycles of violence and trauma have challenged professionals and nonprofessionals alike. However, broadening our vision and attending to new areas of research can help to illuminate this conundrum and open up new avenues of intervention. In this book, Pamela Alexander does just that. She proposes that an increased risk for abusive behavior or revictimization, as a function of one’s own experiences of abuse or trauma in childhood, can best be understood through the complementary lenses of attachment theory (focusing on the relationship between the child and the caregiver) and family systems theory (focusing on the larger context of this relationship). That is, what a child acquires from her relationship with a caregiver is not simply a reflection of what she has “learned” from experiencing or witnessing abuse. Rather, it emerges from the child’s felt experience of the relationship itself—on implicit emotional, physical, and neurobiological levels. Alexander founds the book on this multifaceted parent–child attachment relationship and its place in the wider family system, integrating clinical experience with close attention to the long-term neurobiological and epigenetic effects of trauma. She focuses on common outcomes of a history of maltreatment, and of child sexual abuse in particular, including peer victimization, partner violence, parenting problems, and sexual offending. A detailed review of the literature accompanies instructive case examples. Sources of trauma from outside the family, including combat exposure, political terrorism, foster care, and incarceration of parents are considered. Finally, Alexander analyzes the multiple sources of natural resilience—the neurobiological, the individual, the relational, and the social—to enable professionals of all backgrounds to tailor-make effective interventions for interrupting cycles of trauma and violence.
Book Synopsis The Impact of Family Violence on Children and Adolescents by : Javad H. Kashani
Download or read book The Impact of Family Violence on Children and Adolescents written by Javad H. Kashani and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 1998-02-06 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A key text examining family violence and its effects on children, The Impact of Family Violence on Children and Adolescents presents various definitions of family violence, along with various theories for the origin of the problem. Authors Javad H. Kashani and Wesley D. Allan discuss different types of intrafamilial violence and the effects of each on youngsters. The book then takes up the phenomenon from a cross-cultural perspective, exploring family violence in non-Western contexts. Finally, the authors offer intervention and prevention strategies (clinical and legal) and suggest future directions for research. Examining this crucial topic from a variety of perspectives, The Impact of Family Violence on Children and Adolescents will be essential reading for those in the fields of clinical/counseling psychology, developmental psychology, nursing, behavioral psychology, social work, health services and family studies.
Book Synopsis Exposure to Community Violence and Posttraumatic Stress Symptomatology Among Diverse, Urban Adolescents by : Jannette Alejandra Urciuoli
Download or read book Exposure to Community Violence and Posttraumatic Stress Symptomatology Among Diverse, Urban Adolescents written by Jannette Alejandra Urciuoli and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
