Fairness

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The Fairness Instinct

Author : L. Sun
Publisher : Prometheus Books
ISBN 13 : 1616148489
Total Pages : 348 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (161 download)

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Book Synopsis The Fairness Instinct by : L. Sun

Download or read book The Fairness Instinct written by L. Sun and published by Prometheus Books. This book was released on 2013-10-15 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Combining research from the social sciences, hard sciences, and the humanities, this accessible cross-disciplinary book offers fascinating insights into a key component of human nature and society. What do the Arab Spring, the Robin Hood legend, Occupy Wall Street, and the American taxpayer reaction to the $182 billion bailout of AIG have in common? All are rooted in a deeply ingrained sense of fairness. But where does this universal instinct come from? This is the driving question at the heart of L. Sun’s The Fairness Instinct. Thinkers from Aristotle to Kant, from Augustine to John Rawls, and religions from Christianity to Confucianism, have offered great insight into the nature and origins of this basic human desire for fairness. Based on the most recent scientific discoveries in behavioral genetics, neuroscience, psychology, anthropology, economics, and evolution, Sun argues that the origins of the fairness instinct cannot be found exclusively in the philosophical, social, and political perspectives to which we so often turn; rather, they can be traced to something much deeper in our biological makeup. Taking as his starting point Frans De Waal’s seminal study showing that Capuchin monkeys revolt when they are shortchanged by receiving a less valuable reward than their peers receive for the same task, Sun synthesizes a wide range of research to explore the biological roots of the fairness instinct. He shows that fairness is much more than a moral value or ideological construct; fairness is in our DNA. Combining scientific rigor with accessible and reader-friendly language to relate fascinating stories of animal and human behavior, The Fairness Instinct lays out an evolutionary roadmap for how fairness emerges and thrives under natural selection and how two powerful engines—social living and social hierarchy—have fueled the evolution of this intricate and potent instinct in all of us. Probing into the motives that underlie such phenomena as envy, consumerism, anti-intellectualism, revenge, revolution, terrorism, marriage, democracy, and religion, Sun showcases the power of the fairness instinct to make our history, shape our society, and rule our social lives.

Free Market Fairness

Author : John Tomasi
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691158142
Total Pages : 380 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (911 download)

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Book Synopsis Free Market Fairness by : John Tomasi

Download or read book Free Market Fairness written by John Tomasi and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2013-05-05 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A provocative new vision of free market capitalism that achieves liberal ends by libertarian means Can libertarians care about social justice? In Free Market Fairness, John Tomasi argues that they can and should. Drawing simultaneously on moral insights from defenders of economic liberty such as F. A. Hayek and advocates of social justice such as John Rawls, Tomasi presents a new theory of liberal justice. This theory, free market fairness, is committed to both limited government and the material betterment of the poor. Unlike traditional libertarians, Tomasi argues that property rights are best defended not in terms of self-ownership or economic efficiency but as requirements of democratic legitimacy. At the same time, he encourages egalitarians concerned about social justice to listen more sympathetically to the claims ordinary citizens make about the importance of private economic liberty in their daily lives. In place of the familiar social democratic interpretations of social justice, Tomasi offers a "market democratic" conception of social justice: free market fairness. Tomasi argues that free market fairness, with its twin commitment to economic liberty and a fair distribution of goods and opportunities, is a morally superior account of liberal justice. Free market fairness is also a distinctively American ideal. It extends the notion, prominent in America's founding period, that protection of property and promotion of real opportunity are indivisible goals. Indeed, according to Tomasi, free market fairness is social justice, American style. Provocative and vigorously argued, Free Market Fairness offers a bold new way of thinking about politics, economics, and justice—one that will challenge readers on both the left and right.

Against Fairness

Author : Stephen T. Asma
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226029867
Total Pages : 220 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (26 download)

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Book Synopsis Against Fairness by : Stephen T. Asma

Download or read book Against Fairness written by Stephen T. Asma and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2013 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A polymath philosopher shares lighthearted examples of humanity's unspoken instinct toward favoritism to argue against zealous pursuits of fairness.

Fairness

Author : Nicholas Rescher
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 135132490X
Total Pages : 155 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (513 download)

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Book Synopsis Fairness by : Nicholas Rescher

Download or read book Fairness written by Nicholas Rescher and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-02-06 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In theory and practice, the notion of fairness is far from simple. The principle is often elusive and subject to confusion, even in institutions of law, usage, and custom. In Fairness, Nicholas Rescher aims to liberate this concept from misunderstandings by showing how its definitive characteristics prevent it from being absorbed by such related conceptions as paternalistic benevolence, radical egalitarianism, and social harmonization. Rescher demonstrates that equality before the state is an instrument of justice, not of social utility or public welfare, and argues that the notion of fairness stops well short of a literal egalitarianism. Rescher disposes of the confusions arising from economists' penchant to focus on individual preferences, from decision theorists' concern for averting envy, and from political theorists' sympathy for egalitarianism. In their place he shows how the idea of distributive equity forms the core of the concept of fairness in matters of distributive justice. The coordination of shares with valid claims is the crux of the concept of fairness. In Rescher's view, this means that the pursuit of fairness requires objective rather than subjective evaluation of the goods being shared. This is something quite different from subjective equity based on the personal evaluation of goods by those laying claim to them. Insofar as subjective equity is a concern, the appropriate procedure for its realization is a process of maximum value distribution. Further, Rescher demonstrates that in matters of distributive justice, the distinction between new ownership and preexisting ownership is pivotal and calls for proceeding on very different principles depending on the case. How one should proceed depends on context, and what is adjudged fair is pragmatic, in that there are different requirements for effectiveness in achieving the aims and purposes of the sort of distribution that is intended. Rescher concludes that fairness is a fundamentally ethical concept. Its distinctive modus operandi contrasts sharply with the aims of paternalism, preference-maximizing, or economic advantage. Fairness will be of interest to philosophers, economists, and political scientists.

Fairness and Freedom

Author : David Hackett Fischer
Publisher : OUP USA
ISBN 13 : 0199832706
Total Pages : 656 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (998 download)

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Book Synopsis Fairness and Freedom by : David Hackett Fischer

Download or read book Fairness and Freedom written by David Hackett Fischer and published by OUP USA. This book was released on 2012-02-10 with total page 656 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explores why the political similarities between New Zealand and the United States--including democratic politics, mixed-enterprise economies, a deep concern for human rights and the rule of law and more--have taken on different forms.

Being Fair

Author : Mary Small
Publisher : Capstone
ISBN 13 : 140481051X
Total Pages : 14 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (48 download)

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Book Synopsis Being Fair by : Mary Small

Download or read book Being Fair written by Mary Small and published by Capstone. This book was released on 2005-09 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explains what fairness is and ways to be fair.

The Art of Fairness

Author : David Bodanis
Publisher : Abrams
ISBN 13 : 1647003865
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (47 download)

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Book Synopsis The Art of Fairness by : David Bodanis

Download or read book The Art of Fairness written by David Bodanis and published by Abrams. This book was released on 2021-09-07 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From a New York Times bestselling author, a fresh and detail-rich argument that the best way to lead is to be fair Can you succeed without being a terrible person? We often think not: recognizing that, as the old saying has it, “nice guys finish last.” But does that mean you have to go to the other extreme and be a bully or Machiavellian to get anything done? In The Art of Fairness, bestselling author David Bodanis uses thrilling case studies to show there's a better path, leading neatly in between. He reveals how it was fairness, applied with skill, that led the Empire State Building to be constructed in barely a year––and how the same techniques brought a quiet English debutante to become an acclaimed jungle guerrilla fighter. In ten vivid profiles featuring pilots, presidents, and even the producer of Game of Thrones, we see that the path to greatness doesn't require crushing displays of power or tyrannical ego. Simple fair decency can prevail. With surprising insights from across history––including the downfall of the very man who popularized the phrase “nice guys finish last”––The Art of Fairness charts a refreshing and sustainable new approach to cultivating integrity and influence.

On Fairness

Author : Craig L. Carr
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351777726
Total Pages : 225 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (517 download)

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Book Synopsis On Fairness by : Craig L. Carr

Download or read book On Fairness written by Craig L. Carr and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-11-01 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title was first published in 2000: A systematic analysis of the concept of fairness as a moral notion. The work critically examines and rejects several familiar accounts of fairness - fairness as equality of treatment, as not taking advantage of another, as adherence to rule, and as respect for others - the author proposes an alternative account of fairness as fidelity to social practice. Drawing on examples from a variety of social practices, ranging from the requirement to do one's fair share to the fairness of lotteries and bargaining, this book outlines a new moral theory of fairness and offers insight into the various roles fairness considerations play in our lives and their limitations. Reflecting on the place of fairness and fair mindedness in moral, social, and political thought, this book will be of interest to moral, social and political philosophers as well as those in related areas such as political science and sociology.

Practical Fairness

Author : Aileen Nielsen
Publisher : O'Reilly Media
ISBN 13 : 1492075701
Total Pages : 346 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Practical Fairness by : Aileen Nielsen

Download or read book Practical Fairness written by Aileen Nielsen and published by O'Reilly Media. This book was released on 2020-12-01 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fairness is an increasingly important topic as machine learning and AI more generally take over the world. While this is an active area of research, many realistic best practices are emerging at all steps along the data pipeline, from data selection and preprocessing to blackbox model audits. This book will guide you through the technical, legal, and ethical aspects of making your code fair and secure while highlighting cutting edge academic research and ongoing legal developments related to fairness and algorithms. There is mounting evidence that the widespread deployment of machine learning and artificial intelligence in business and government is reproducing the same biases we are trying to fight in the real world. For this reason, fairness is an increasingly important consideration for the data scientist. Yet discussions of what fairness means in terms of actual code are few and far between. This code will show you how to code fairly as well as cover basic concerns related to data security and privacy from a fairness perspective.

Fairness versus Welfare

Author : Louis Kaplow
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674039319
Total Pages : 569 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (74 download)

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Book Synopsis Fairness versus Welfare by : Louis Kaplow

Download or read book Fairness versus Welfare written by Louis Kaplow and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2009-07-01 with total page 569 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By what criteria should public policy be evaluated? Fairness and justice? Or the welfare of individuals? Debate over this fundamental question has spanned the ages. Fairness versus Welfare poses a bold challenge to contemporary moral philosophy by showing that most moral principles conflict more sharply with welfare than is generally recognized. In particular, the authors demonstrate that all principles that are not based exclusively on welfare will sometimes favor policies under which literally everyone would be worse off. The book draws on the work of moral philosophers, economists, evolutionary and cognitive psychologists, and legal academics to scrutinize a number of particular subjects that have engaged legal scholars and moral philosophers. How can the deeply problematic nature of all nonwelfarist principles be reconciled with our moral instincts and intuitions that support them? The authors offer a fascinating explanation of the origins of our moral instincts and intuitions, developing ideas originally advanced by Hume and Sidgwick and more recently explored by psychologists and evolutionary theorists. Their analysis indicates that most moral principles that seem appealing, upon examination, have a functional explanation, one that does not justify their being accorded independent weight in the assessment of public policy. Fairness versus Welfare has profound implications for the theory and practice of policy analysis and has already generated considerable debate in academia.

Rightness as Fairness

Author : Marcus Arvan
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1137541814
Total Pages : 271 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (375 download)

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Book Synopsis Rightness as Fairness by : Marcus Arvan

Download or read book Rightness as Fairness written by Marcus Arvan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-03-29 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rightness as Fairness provides a uniquely fruitful method of 'principled fair negotiation' for resolving applied moral and political issues that requires merging principled debate with real-world negotiation.

Fairness in Adaptation to Climate Change

Author : W. Neil Adger
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262012278
Total Pages : 337 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (62 download)

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Book Synopsis Fairness in Adaptation to Climate Change by : W. Neil Adger

Download or read book Fairness in Adaptation to Climate Change written by W. Neil Adger and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2006 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Providing a scientific and policy analysis on the challenges of ensuring that adaptation to global climate change doesn't place unfair burdens on vulnerable populations, this book argues that the key to adapting to climate change lies in recognising the equity and justice issues inherent in its causes and in human responses to it.

Fairness in Practice

Author : Aaron James
Publisher : OUP USA
ISBN 13 : 0199846154
Total Pages : 381 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (998 download)

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Book Synopsis Fairness in Practice by : Aaron James

Download or read book Fairness in Practice written by Aaron James and published by OUP USA. This book was released on 2012-04-13 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, the author argues that to achieve a fair global economy, there must be compensation of people harmed by their exposure to the global economy, but also equal division of the "gains of trade" across societies.

Justice as Fairness

Author : John Rawls
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780674005105
Total Pages : 252 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (51 download)

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Book Synopsis Justice as Fairness by : John Rawls

Download or read book Justice as Fairness written by John Rawls and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2001-05-16 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book originated as lectures for a course on political philosophy that Rawls taught regularly at Harvard in the 1980s. In time the lectures became a restatement of his theory of justice as fairness, revised in light of his more recent papers and his treatise Political Liberalism (1993). As Rawls writes in the preface, the restatement presents "in one place an account of justice as fairness as I now see it, drawing on all [my previous] works." He offers a broad overview of his main lines of thought and also explores specific issues never before addressed in any of his writings. Rawls is well aware that since the publication of A Theory of Justice in 1971, American society has moved farther away from the idea of justice as fairness. Yet his ideas retain their power and relevance to debates in a pluralistic society about the meaning and theoretical viability of liberalism. This book demonstrates that moral clarity can be achieved even when a collective commitment to justice is uncertain.

Failing at Fairness

Author : Myra Sadker
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 1439125236
Total Pages : 372 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (391 download)

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Book Synopsis Failing at Fairness by : Myra Sadker

Download or read book Failing at Fairness written by Myra Sadker and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2010-05-11 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Failing at Fairness, the result of two decades of research, shows how gender bias makes it impossible for girls to receive an education equal to that given to boys. Girls' learning problems are not identified as often as boys' are Boys receive more of their teachers' attention Girls start school testing higher in every academic subject, yet graduate from high school scoring 50 points lower than boys on the SAT Hard-hitting and eye-opening, Failing at Fairness should be read by every parent, especially those with daughters.

The Fairness Doctrine and the Media

Author : Steven J. Simmons
Publisher : Univ of California Press
ISBN 13 : 0520333349
Total Pages : 304 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (23 download)

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Book Synopsis The Fairness Doctrine and the Media by : Steven J. Simmons

Download or read book The Fairness Doctrine and the Media written by Steven J. Simmons and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2023-11-10 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1978.

Fairness and Competence in Citizen Participation

Author : Ortwin Renn
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401101310
Total Pages : 386 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Fairness and Competence in Citizen Participation by : Ortwin Renn

Download or read book Fairness and Competence in Citizen Participation written by Ortwin Renn and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-12-01 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ortwin Renn Thomas Wehler Peter Wiedemann In late July of 1992 the small and remote mountain resort of Morschach in the Swiss Alps became a lively place of discussion, debate, and discourse. Over a three-day period twenty-two analysts and practitioners of public participation from the United States and Europe came together to address one of the most pressing issues in contemporary environmental politics: How can environmental policies be designed in a way that achieves both effective protection of nature and an adequate representation of public values? In other words, how can we make the environmental decision process competent and fair? All the invited scholars from academia, international research institutes, and governmental agencies agreed on one fundamental principle: For environmental policies to be effective and legitimate, we need to involve the people who are or will be affected by the outcomes of these policies. There is no technocratic solution to this problem. Without public involvement, environmental policies are doomed to fail. The workshop was preceded by a joint effort by the three editors to develop a framework for evaluating different models of public participation in the environmental policy arena. During a preliminary review of the literature we made four major observations. These came to serve as the primary motivation for this book. First, the last decade has witnessed only a fair amount of interest within the sociological or political science communities in issues of public participation.