Factors Affecting The Fuel Consumption Of Plug In Hybrid Electric Vehicles

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Factors Affecting the Fuel Consumption of Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (727 download)

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Book Synopsis Factors Affecting the Fuel Consumption of Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles by :

Download or read book Factors Affecting the Fuel Consumption of Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Primary Factors that Impact the Fuel Consumption of Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles RICHARD 'BARNEY' CARLSON, MATTHEW G. SHIRK Idaho National Laboratory 2525 N. Fremont Ave., Idaho Falls, ID 83415, USA [email protected] Abstract Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEV) have proven to significantly reduce petroleum consumption as compared to conventional internal combustion engine vehicles (ICE) by utilizing electrical energy for propulsion. Through extensive testing of PHEV's, analysis has shown that the fuel consumption of PHEV's is more significantly affected than conventional vehicles by either the driver's input or by the environmental inputs around the vehicle. Six primary factors have been identified that significantly affect the fuel consumption of PHEV's. In this paper, these primary factors are analyzed from on-road driving and charging data from over 200 PHEV's throughout North America that include Hymotion Prius conversions and Hybrids Plus Escape conversions. The Idaho National Laboratory (INL) tests plug-in hybrid electric (PHEV) vehicles as part of its conduct of DOE's Advanced Vehicle Testing Activity (AVTA). In collaboration with its 75 testing partners located in 23 states and Canada, INL has collected data on 191 PHEVs, comprised of 12 different PHEV models (by battery manufacturer). With more than 1 million PHEV test miles accumulated to date, the PHEVs are fleet, track, and dynamometer tested. Six Primary Factors The six primary factors that significantly impact PHEV fuel consumption are listed below. Some of the factors are unique to plug-in vehicles while others are common for all types of vehicles. 1. Usable Electrical Energy is dictated by battery capacity, rate of depletion as well as when the vehicle was last plugged-in. With less electrical energy available the powertrain must use more petroleum to generate the required power output. 2. Driver Aggressiveness impacts the fuel consumption of nearly all vehicles but this impact is greater for high efficiency powertrains. 3. Accessory Utilization like air conditioner systems or defroster systems can use a significant amount of additional energy that is not contributing to the propulsion of the vehicle. 4. Route Type such as city, highway or mountainous driving can affect the fuel consumption since it can involve stop and go driving or ascending a step grade. 5. Cold Start / Key On includes control strategies to improve cold start emissions as well as control routines to quickly supply cabin heat. These control strategies are necessary for consumer acceptance even though fuel consumption is negatively impacted. 6. Ambient Temperature can reduce the efficiency of many powertrain components by significantly increasing fluid viscosity. For vehicles that utilize battery energy storage systems, the temperature of the battery system can greatly affect the power output capability therefore reducing its system effectiveness. The analysis of the six primary factors that impact fuel economy of PHEV's helped to identify areas of potential further development as well as may assist in informing drivers of these effects in an effort to modify driving behavior to reduce petroleum consumption.

Transitions to Alternative Transportation Technologies

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309134366
Total Pages : 141 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Transitions to Alternative Transportation Technologies by : National Research Council

Download or read book Transitions to Alternative Transportation Technologies written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2008-11-17 with total page 141 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles (HFCVs) could alleviate the nation's dependence on oil and reduce U.S. emissions of carbon dioxide, the major greenhouse gas. Industry-and government-sponsored research programs have made very impressive technical progress over the past several years, and several companies are currently introducing pre-commercial vehicles and hydrogen fueling stations in limited markets. However, to achieve wide hydrogen vehicle penetration, further technological advances are required for commercial viability, and vehicle manufacturer and hydrogen supplier activities must be coordinated. In particular, costs must be reduced, new automotive manufacturing technologies commercialized, and adequate supplies of hydrogen produced and made available to motorists. These efforts will require considerable resources, especially federal and private sector funding. This book estimates the resources that will be needed to bring HFCVs to the point of competitive self-sustainability in the marketplace. It also estimates the impact on oil consumption and carbon dioxide emissions as HFCVs become a large fraction of the light-duty vehicle fleet.

Smart Power Grids 2011

Author : Ali Keyhani
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642215785
Total Pages : 701 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (422 download)

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Book Synopsis Smart Power Grids 2011 by : Ali Keyhani

Download or read book Smart Power Grids 2011 written by Ali Keyhani and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-01-12 with total page 701 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Electric power systems are experiencing significant changes at the worldwide scale in order to become cleaner, smarter, and more reliable. This edited book examines a wide range of topics related to these changes, which are primarily caused by the introduction of information technologies, renewable energy penetration, digitalized equipment, new operational strategies, and so forth. The emphasis will be put on the modeling and control of smart grid systems. The book addresses research topics such as high efficiency transforrmers, wind turbines and generators, fuel cells, or high speed turbines and generators.

Assessment of Fuel Economy Technologies for Light-Duty Vehicles

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309216389
Total Pages : 373 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Assessment of Fuel Economy Technologies for Light-Duty Vehicles by : National Research Council

Download or read book Assessment of Fuel Economy Technologies for Light-Duty Vehicles written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-06-03 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Various combinations of commercially available technologies could greatly reduce fuel consumption in passenger cars, sport-utility vehicles, minivans, and other light-duty vehicles without compromising vehicle performance or safety. Assessment of Technologies for Improving Light Duty Vehicle Fuel Economy estimates the potential fuel savings and costs to consumers of available technology combinations for three types of engines: spark-ignition gasoline, compression-ignition diesel, and hybrid. According to its estimates, adopting the full combination of improved technologies in medium and large cars and pickup trucks with spark-ignition engines could reduce fuel consumption by 29 percent at an additional cost of $2,200 to the consumer. Replacing spark-ignition engines with diesel engines and components would yield fuel savings of about 37 percent at an added cost of approximately $5,900 per vehicle, and replacing spark-ignition engines with hybrid engines and components would reduce fuel consumption by 43 percent at an increase of $6,000 per vehicle. The book focuses on fuel consumption-the amount of fuel consumed in a given driving distance-because energy savings are directly related to the amount of fuel used. In contrast, fuel economy measures how far a vehicle will travel with a gallon of fuel. Because fuel consumption data indicate money saved on fuel purchases and reductions in carbon dioxide emissions, the book finds that vehicle stickers should provide consumers with fuel consumption data in addition to fuel economy information.

Empirical Fuel Consumption and Co Emissions of Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles

Author : Patrick Plötz
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)

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Book Synopsis Empirical Fuel Consumption and Co Emissions of Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles by : Patrick Plötz

Download or read book Empirical Fuel Consumption and Co Emissions of Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles written by Patrick Plötz and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) combine electric and conventional propulsion. Official fuel consumption values of PHEVs are based on standardized driving cycles, which show a growing discrepancy with real-world fuel consumption. However, no comprehensive empirical results on PHEV fuel consumption are available, and the discrepancy between driving cycle and empirical fuel consumption has been conjectured to be large for PHEV. Here, we analyze real-world fuel consumption data from 2,005 individual PHEVs of five PHEV models and observe large variations in individual fuel consumption with deviation from test-cycle values in the range of 2% to 120% for PHEV model averages. Deviations are larger for short-ranged PHEVs. Among others, range and vehicle power are influencing factors for PHEV model fuel consumption with average direct carbon dioxide (CO) emissions decreasing by 2% to 3% per additional kilometer (km) of electric range. Additional simulations show that PHEVs recharged from renewable electricity can noteworthily reduce well-to-wheel CO emissions of passenger cars, but electric ranges should not exceed 200 to 300 km since battery production is CO-intense. Our findings indicate that regulations should (1) be based on real-world fuel consumption measurements for PHEV, (2) take into account charging behavior and annual mileages, and (3) incentivize long-ranged PHEV.

Hybrid Electric Vehicles

Author : Chris Mi
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119970113
Total Pages : 449 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (199 download)

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Book Synopsis Hybrid Electric Vehicles by : Chris Mi

Download or read book Hybrid Electric Vehicles written by Chris Mi and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-05-23 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern Hybrid Electric Vehicles provides vital guidance to help a new generation of engineers master the principles of and further advance hybrid vehicle technology. The authors address purely electric, hybrid electric, plug-in hybrid electric, hybrid hydraulic, fuel cell, and off-road hybrid vehicle systems. They focus on the power and propulsion systems for these vehicles, including issues related to power and energy management. They concentrate on material that is not readily available in other hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) books such as design examples for hybrid vehicles, and cover new developments in the field including electronic CVT, plug-in hybrid, and new power converters and controls. Covers hybrid vs. pure electric, HEV system architecture (including plug-in and hydraulic), off-road and other industrial utility vehicles, non-ground-vehicle applications like ships, locomotives, aircrafts, system reliability, EMC, storage technologies, vehicular power and energy management, diagnostics and prognostics, and electromechanical vibration issues. Contains core fundamentals and principles of modern hybrid vehicles at component level and system level. Provides graduate students and field engineers with a text suitable for classroom teaching or self-study.

Transitions to Alternative Vehicles and Fuels

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309268524
Total Pages : 395 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Transitions to Alternative Vehicles and Fuels by : National Research Council

Download or read book Transitions to Alternative Vehicles and Fuels written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-04-14 with total page 395 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For a century, almost all light-duty vehicles (LDVs) have been powered by internal combustion engines operating on petroleum fuels. Energy security concerns about petroleum imports and the effect of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions on global climate are driving interest in alternatives. Transitions to Alternative Vehicles and Fuels assesses the potential for reducing petroleum consumption and GHG emissions by 80 percent across the U.S. LDV fleet by 2050, relative to 2005. This report examines the current capability and estimated future performance and costs for each vehicle type and non-petroleum-based fuel technology as options that could significantly contribute to these goals. By analyzing scenarios that combine various fuel and vehicle pathways, the report also identifies barriers to implementation of these technologies and suggests policies to achieve the desired reductions. Several scenarios are promising, but strong, and effective policies such as research and development, subsidies, energy taxes, or regulations will be necessary to overcome barriers, such as cost and consumer choice.

Electric and Hybrid-electric Vehicles

Author : Ronald K. Jurgen
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780768057188
Total Pages : 155 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (571 download)

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Book Synopsis Electric and Hybrid-electric Vehicles by : Ronald K. Jurgen

Download or read book Electric and Hybrid-electric Vehicles written by Ronald K. Jurgen and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Compilation of SAE technical papers published from 2008-2010.

Cost, Effectiveness, and Deployment of Fuel Economy Technologies for Light-Duty Vehicles

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309373913
Total Pages : 812 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis Cost, Effectiveness, and Deployment of Fuel Economy Technologies for Light-Duty Vehicles by : National Research Council

Download or read book Cost, Effectiveness, and Deployment of Fuel Economy Technologies for Light-Duty Vehicles written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-09-28 with total page 812 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The light-duty vehicle fleet is expected to undergo substantial technological changes over the next several decades. New powertrain designs, alternative fuels, advanced materials and significant changes to the vehicle body are being driven by increasingly stringent fuel economy and greenhouse gas emission standards. By the end of the next decade, cars and light-duty trucks will be more fuel efficient, weigh less, emit less air pollutants, have more safety features, and will be more expensive to purchase relative to current vehicles. Though the gasoline-powered spark ignition engine will continue to be the dominant powertrain configuration even through 2030, such vehicles will be equipped with advanced technologies, materials, electronics and controls, and aerodynamics. And by 2030, the deployment of alternative methods to propel and fuel vehicles and alternative modes of transportation, including autonomous vehicles, will be well underway. What are these new technologies - how will they work, and will some technologies be more effective than others? Written to inform The United States Department of Transportation's National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) and Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission standards, this new report from the National Research Council is a technical evaluation of costs, benefits, and implementation issues of fuel reduction technologies for next-generation light-duty vehicles. Cost, Effectiveness, and Deployment of Fuel Economy Technologies for Light-Duty Vehicles estimates the cost, potential efficiency improvements, and barriers to commercial deployment of technologies that might be employed from 2020 to 2030. This report describes these promising technologies and makes recommendations for their inclusion on the list of technologies applicable for the 2017-2025 CAFE standards.

Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle Emissions Impacts on Control Strategy and Fuel Economy

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 458 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (466 download)

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Book Synopsis Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle Emissions Impacts on Control Strategy and Fuel Economy by :

Download or read book Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle Emissions Impacts on Control Strategy and Fuel Economy written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) technologies have the potential for considerable petroleum consumption reductions, at the expense of increased tailpipe emissions due to multiple "cold" start events and improper use of the engine for PHEV specific operation. PHEVs operate predominantly as electric vehicles (EVs) with intermittent assist from the engine during high power demands. As a consequence, the engine can be subjected to multiple cold start events. These cold start events have a significant impact on the tailpipe emissions due to degraded catalyst performance and starting the engine under less than ideal conditions. On current hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), the first cold start of the engine dictates whether or not the vehicle will pass federal emissions tests. PHEV operation compounds this problem due to infrequent, multiple engine cold starts. The dissertation research focuses on the design of a vehicle supervisory control system for a pre-transmission parallel PHEV powertrain architecture. Energy management strategies are evaluated and implemented in a virtual environment for preliminary assessment of petroleum displacement benefits and rudimentary drivability issues. This baseline vehicle supervisory control strategy, developed as a result of this assessment, is implemented and tested on actual hardware in a controlled laboratory environment over a baseline test cycle. Engine cold start events are aggressively addressed in the development of this control system, which lead to enhanced pre-warming and energy-based engine warming algorithms that provide substantial reductions in tailpipe emissions over the baseline supervisory control strategy. The flexibility of the PHEV powertrain allows for decreased emissions during any engine starting event through powertrain "torque shaping" algorithms that eliminate high engine torque transients during these periods. The results of the dissertation research show that PHEVs do have the potential for substantial reductions in fuel consumption, while remaining environmentally friendly. Tailpipe emissions from a representative PHEV test platform have been reduced to acceptable levels through the development and refinement of vehicle supervisory control methods only. Impacts on fuel consumption are minimal for the emissions reduction techniques that are implemented, while in some cases, substantial fuel consumption reductions are observed.

Hybrid Electric Vehicles

Author : Chris Mi
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118970543
Total Pages : 771 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (189 download)

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Book Synopsis Hybrid Electric Vehicles by : Chris Mi

Download or read book Hybrid Electric Vehicles written by Chris Mi and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-09-11 with total page 771 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The latest developments in the field of hybrid electric vehicles Hybrid Electric Vehicles provides an introduction to hybrid vehicles, which include purely electric, hybrid electric, hybrid hydraulic, fuel cell vehicles, plug-in hybrid electric, and off-road hybrid vehicular systems. It focuses on the power and propulsion systems for these vehicles, including issues related to power and energy management. Other topics covered include hybrid vs. pure electric, HEV system architecture (including plug-in & charging control and hydraulic), off-road and other industrial utility vehicles, safety and EMC, storage technologies, vehicular power and energy management, diagnostics and prognostics, and electromechanical vibration issues. Hybrid Electric Vehicles, Second Edition is a comprehensively updated new edition with four new chapters covering recent advances in hybrid vehicle technology. New areas covered include battery modelling, charger design, and wireless charging. Substantial details have also been included on the architecture of hybrid excavators in the chapter related to special hybrid vehicles. Also included is a chapter providing an overview of hybrid vehicle technology, which offers a perspective on the current debate on sustainability and the environmental impact of hybrid and electric vehicle technology. Completely updated with new chapters Covers recent developments, breakthroughs, and technologies, including new drive topologies Explains HEV fundamentals and applications Offers a holistic perspective on vehicle electrification Hybrid Electric Vehicles: Principles and Applications with Practical Perspectives, Second Edition is a great resource for researchers and practitioners in the automotive industry, as well as for graduate students in automotive engineering.

The Impact of Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles on the Power Sector

Author : Riccardo Fagiani
Publisher : LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9783844310788
Total Pages : 64 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis The Impact of Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles on the Power Sector by : Riccardo Fagiani

Download or read book The Impact of Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles on the Power Sector written by Riccardo Fagiani and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2011-02 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs) have been promoted as a potential technology that can reduce vehicles fuel consumption, decreasing emissions related with the transport sector and dependence from oil importations. However emissions and cost impacts of PHEVs are strictly connected with the power mix generation used to produce electricity and when their batteries are recharged. Potential effects of a PHEV fleet on the power grid have been analyzed under different charging strategies, obtaining a quantitative estimation of the additional load affecting the transmission grid. The environmental impact of these vehicles is estimated for the State of Ohio as well as for other different countries showing the great importance that generation technologies have on PHEVs final environmental performances. Cost analysis shows how these vehicles can obtain great operation cost reduction due to the decrease of gasoline consumption, proposing this technology as a possible solution for decrease oil dependency of the transport sector.

Utility Factor Definitions for Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles Using 2001 U.S. DOT National Household Travel Survey Data

Author : Hybrid - EV Committee
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)

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Book Synopsis Utility Factor Definitions for Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles Using 2001 U.S. DOT National Household Travel Survey Data by : Hybrid - EV Committee

Download or read book Utility Factor Definitions for Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles Using 2001 U.S. DOT National Household Travel Survey Data written by Hybrid - EV Committee and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The total fuel and energy consumption rates of a Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) vary depending upon the distance driven. For PHEVs, the assumption is that operation starts in battery charge-depleting mode and eventually changes to battery charge-sustaining mode. Total distance between charge events determines how much of the driving is performed in each of the two fundamental modes. An equation describing the portion of driving in each mode is defined. Driving statistics from the National Highway Transportation Survey are used as inputs to the equation to provide an aggregate "Utility Factor" (UF) applied to the charge-depleting mode results.Various stakeholders are currently developing their own standards for testing PHEVs. The method of weighting the results using a UF is accepted by many of the stakeholders. However, the stakeholders need a standard document to reference in their procedures. These curves must be from a common standard generated from a standardized calculation method. SAE J1711 will reference this document and as new and/or better data become available, this Information Report may be updated without changing the SAE J1711 or other stakeholder procedures.

Hybrid Electric Vehicles

Author : Simona Onori
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1447167813
Total Pages : 121 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (471 download)

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Book Synopsis Hybrid Electric Vehicles by : Simona Onori

Download or read book Hybrid Electric Vehicles written by Simona Onori and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-12-16 with total page 121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This SpringerBrief deals with the control and optimization problem in hybrid electric vehicles. Given that there are two (or more) energy sources (i.e., battery and fuel) in hybrid vehicles, it shows the reader how to implement an energy-management strategy that decides how much of the vehicle’s power is provided by each source instant by instant. Hybrid Electric Vehicles: •introduces methods for modeling energy flow in hybrid electric vehicles; •presents a standard mathematical formulation of the optimal control problem; •discusses different optimization and control strategies for energy management, integrating the most recent research results; and •carries out an overall comparison of the different control strategies presented. Chapter by chapter, a case study is thoroughly developed, providing illustrative numerical examples that show the basic principles applied to real-world situations. The brief is intended as a straightforward tool for learning quickly about state-of-the-art energy-management strategies. It is particularly well-suited to the needs of graduate students and engineers already familiar with the basics of hybrid vehicles but who wish to learn more about their control strategies.

Utility Factor Definitions for Plug-in Hybrid Vehicles Using Travel Survey Data

Author : Society of Automotive Engineers
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 45 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (721 download)

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Book Synopsis Utility Factor Definitions for Plug-in Hybrid Vehicles Using Travel Survey Data by : Society of Automotive Engineers

Download or read book Utility Factor Definitions for Plug-in Hybrid Vehicles Using Travel Survey Data written by Society of Automotive Engineers and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Overviews and Viewpoints

Author : Ronald K Jurgen
Publisher : SAE International
ISBN 13 : 0768057175
Total Pages : 153 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (68 download)

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Book Synopsis Overviews and Viewpoints by : Ronald K Jurgen

Download or read book Overviews and Viewpoints written by Ronald K Jurgen and published by SAE International. This book was released on 2010-11-29 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With production and planning for new electric vehicles gaining momentum worldwide, this book – the first in a series of five volumes on this subject – provides engineers and researchers with perspectives on the most current and innovative developments regarding electric and hybrid-electric vehicle technology, design considerations, and components. This book features 12 SAE technical papers, published from 2008 through 2010, that provide an overview of research on topics such as: The CO2 benefits of electrification The effects of aggressive driving behavior Heat recovery in hybrid vehicles The impact of drive cycles on PHEV component requirements Energy management strategies using game theory and other approaches

Technologies and Approaches to Reducing the Fuel Consumption of Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309159474
Total Pages : 251 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Technologies and Approaches to Reducing the Fuel Consumption of Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles by : National Research Council

Download or read book Technologies and Approaches to Reducing the Fuel Consumption of Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-07-30 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Technologies and Approaches to Reducing the Fuel Consumption of Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles evaluates various technologies and methods that could improve the fuel economy of medium- and heavy-duty vehicles, such as tractor-trailers, transit buses, and work trucks. The book also recommends approaches that federal agencies could use to regulate these vehicles' fuel consumption. Currently there are no fuel consumption standards for such vehicles, which account for about 26 percent of the transportation fuel used in the U.S. The miles-per-gallon measure used to regulate the fuel economy of passenger cars. is not appropriate for medium- and heavy-duty vehicles, which are designed above all to carry loads efficiently. Instead, any regulation of medium- and heavy-duty vehicles should use a metric that reflects the efficiency with which a vehicle moves goods or passengers, such as gallons per ton-mile, a unit that reflects the amount of fuel a vehicle would use to carry a ton of goods one mile. This is called load-specific fuel consumption (LSFC). The book estimates the improvements that various technologies could achieve over the next decade in seven vehicle types. For example, using advanced diesel engines in tractor-trailers could lower their fuel consumption by up to 20 percent by 2020, and improved aerodynamics could yield an 11 percent reduction. Hybrid powertrains could lower the fuel consumption of vehicles that stop frequently, such as garbage trucks and transit buses, by as much 35 percent in the same time frame.