Eye Tracking and Word Learning Processes in Typical and Atypical Development

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781303537684
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (376 download)

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Book Synopsis Eye Tracking and Word Learning Processes in Typical and Atypical Development by : David Paul Benjamin

Download or read book Eye Tracking and Word Learning Processes in Typical and Atypical Development written by David Paul Benjamin and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study measured word-learning abilities in young males with autism, fragile X syndrome (FXS), and typical development using a novel eye-tracking paradigm. Modeled after interactive in-vivo paradigms, this study measured participants' visual attention to novel object pairs during both a word-learning exposure and a comprehension phase. Eye-tracking paradigms designed to test word learning in similarly designed scenarios have begun to offer increasingly complex understandings of the way children process social scenes during learning opportunities, but these paradigms mainly still rely upon some form of overt behavioral response in addition to the passive viewing of the on-screen stimuli. The present study was designed to expose children with typical and atypical developmental trajectories to a word-learning situation in which no overt behavioral response is required, thus removing the expectation of engagement with an examiner. The results indicated that labeling cues during an exposure phase did not increase visual attention to labeled target objects. However, increases in gaze toward labeled objects during an exposure phase were correlated with increases in gaze toward target objects during a comprehension phase in those with autism and typical development, but not in FXS. Additionally, in those with autism and FXS, increased target-object gaze during the comprehension phase was significantly correlated with standardized language abilities in both participants autism as well as FXS. The results are discussed with respect to the objective of further validating paradigms such as this as measures of important developmental processes such as language learning, as well as the potential utility of such paradigms to gain insight into the ways children with typical and atypical development visually process social learning scenes.

Typical and Atypical Language Development in Cultural and Linguistic Diversity

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Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1000951944
Total Pages : 277 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Typical and Atypical Language Development in Cultural and Linguistic Diversity by : Weifeng Han

Download or read book Typical and Atypical Language Development in Cultural and Linguistic Diversity written by Weifeng Han and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-09-29 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Typical and Atypical Language Development in Cultural and Linguistic Diversity brings together state-of-the-art studies in both typical and atypical language development. Placing the topic in the context of cultural and linguistic diversity (CALD), the book offers readers serious theoretical consideration of the topic and provides implications for multilingual educational and clinical practices. The content covers a wide range of topics related to multilingual language development in CALD: typical and atypical language development in CALD, and the interface between both; the relationship between multilingual competence and academic performance in CALD; providing unbiased speech and language measures in CALD; and heritage and minority languages education in CALD. Each chapter outlines the core theoretical and practical issues and explores both theoretical and pedagogical/clinical implications in the area and possible future developments. This volume is an essential resource for all those who study, research, or are interested in multilingual development, educational linguistics, and clinical linguistics in the CALD context.

New Methods and Approaches for Studying Child Development

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Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0323915884
Total Pages : 310 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (239 download)

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Book Synopsis New Methods and Approaches for Studying Child Development by : Jeffrey J. Lockman

Download or read book New Methods and Approaches for Studying Child Development written by Jeffrey J. Lockman and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2022-03-04 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New Methods and Approaches for Studying Child Development, Volume 62 in the Advances in Child Development and Behavior series, highlights new advances in the field, with this new volume presenting interesting chapters written by an international board of authors. - Provides the authority and expertise of leading contributors from an international board of authors - Presents the latest release in the Advances in Child Development and Behavior series - Updated release covers New Methods and Approaches for Studying Child Development

Mechanisms of Word-Learning in Typical and Atypical Development

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis Mechanisms of Word-Learning in Typical and Atypical Development by : Stella Sakhon

Download or read book Mechanisms of Word-Learning in Typical and Atypical Development written by Stella Sakhon and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The hippocampus plays a critical role in binding together information into an integrated memory, and memory for these arbitrary associations is important when learning new words. Recent studies have investigated a learning mechanism called fast mapping (FM), showing that rapid acquisition of novel arbitrary associations can be learned independent of the hippocampus. In the current study we examine word-learning across two conditions more and less likely to require information integration via the hippocampus in typically developing children and individuals with hippocampal dysfunction (e.g., Down syndrome). Individuals with Down syndrome (DS) manifest hippocampal dysfunction and display memory and learning difficulties, hence could potentially benefit from alternative learning strategies. The current study found no benefit of the FM condition in either group. Both groups performed similarly and above chance level across the two conditions and over a week's delay, but a delay by group interaction suggested that the typically developing children showed improvement across all conditions after 1 week whereas performance in DS stayed consistent. Given evidence for sleep deficits in DS we examined how sleep disturbance related to delayed word retention. Sleep efficiency did not appear to be driving maintenance in either group. Future studies investigating when an individual with DS sleeps after learning, could provide a better understanding of how sleep can influence the word learning process. Additionally, future studies in an older group of children can also provide information on when the hippocampus and sleep dependent learning may develop in childhood.

Eye Tracking

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Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191625426
Total Pages : 793 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (916 download)

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Book Synopsis Eye Tracking by : Kenneth Holmqvist

Download or read book Eye Tracking written by Kenneth Holmqvist and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2011-09-22 with total page 793 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We make 3-5 eye movements per second, and these movements are crucial in helping us deal with the vast amounts of information we encounter in our everyday lives. In recent years, thanks to the development of eye tracking technology, there has been a growing interest in monitoring and measuring these movements, with a view to understanding how we attend to and process the visual information we encounter Eye tracking as a research tool is now more accessible than ever, and is growing in popularity amongst researchers from a whole host of different disciplines. Usability analysts, sports scientists, cognitive psychologists, reading researchers, psycholinguists, neurophysiologists, electrical engineers, and others, all have a vested interest in eye tracking for different reasons. The ability to record eye-movements has helped advance our science and led to technological innovations. However, the growth of eye tracking in recent years has also presented a variety of challenges - in particular the issue of how to design an eye-tracking experiment, and how to analyse the data. This book is a much needed comprehensive handbook of eye tracking methodology. It describes how to evaluate and acquire an eye-tracker, how to plan and design an eye tracking study, and how to record and analyse eye-movement data. Besides technical details and theory, the heart of this book revolves around practicality - how raw data samples are converted into fixations and saccades using event detection algorithms, how the different representations of eye movement data are calculated using AOIs, heat maps and scanpaths, and how all the measures of eye movements relate to these processes. Part I presents the technology and skills needed to perform high-quality research with eye-trackers. Part II covers the predominant methods applied to the data which eye-trackers record. These include the parsing of raw sample data into oculomotor events, and how to calculate other representations of eye movements such as heat maps and transition matrices. Part III gives a comprehensive outline of the measures which can be calculated using the events and representations described in Part II. This is a taxonomy of the measures available to eye-tracking researchers, sorted by type of movement of the eyes and type of analysis. For anyone in the sciences considering conducting research involving eye-tracking, this book will be an essential reference work.

The On-line Study of Sentence Comprehension

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Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1135423938
Total Pages : 552 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (354 download)

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Book Synopsis The On-line Study of Sentence Comprehension by : Manuel Carreiras

Download or read book The On-line Study of Sentence Comprehension written by Manuel Carreiras and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2004-09-13 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses important findings, assumptions, problems, hopes, and future guidelines on the use of advanced research techniques to study the moment-by-moment mental processes that occur while a reader or listener is understanding language. The core techniques are eye tracking and ERPs, with some extensions to others such as fMRI. The On-line Study ofSentence Comprehension has been written by top researchers in the field of psycholinguistics, who are also leading experts in the use of eye tracking and ERPs. This book combines comprehensive overviews of the state of the art on theoretical progress, the latest on assumptions behind the use of eye movements (reading and visual world) and ERPs methods with papers that address specific research questions. This work covers not only methodological issues but also discusses the theoretical progress in understanding language processing using temporally fine-grained methods.

Transforming the Workforce for Children Birth Through Age 8

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309324882
Total Pages : 587 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis Transforming the Workforce for Children Birth Through Age 8 by : National Research Council

Download or read book Transforming the Workforce for Children Birth Through Age 8 written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-07-23 with total page 587 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Children are already learning at birth, and they develop and learn at a rapid pace in their early years. This provides a critical foundation for lifelong progress, and the adults who provide for the care and the education of young children bear a great responsibility for their health, development, and learning. Despite the fact that they share the same objective - to nurture young children and secure their future success - the various practitioners who contribute to the care and the education of children from birth through age 8 are not acknowledged as a workforce unified by the common knowledge and competencies needed to do their jobs well. Transforming the Workforce for Children Birth Through Age 8 explores the science of child development, particularly looking at implications for the professionals who work with children. This report examines the current capacities and practices of the workforce, the settings in which they work, the policies and infrastructure that set qualifications and provide professional learning, and the government agencies and other funders who support and oversee these systems. This book then makes recommendations to improve the quality of professional practice and the practice environment for care and education professionals. These detailed recommendations create a blueprint for action that builds on a unifying foundation of child development and early learning, shared knowledge and competencies for care and education professionals, and principles for effective professional learning. Young children thrive and learn best when they have secure, positive relationships with adults who are knowledgeable about how to support their development and learning and are responsive to their individual progress. Transforming the Workforce for Children Birth Through Age 8 offers guidance on system changes to improve the quality of professional practice, specific actions to improve professional learning systems and workforce development, and research to continue to build the knowledge base in ways that will directly advance and inform future actions. The recommendations of this book provide an opportunity to improve the quality of the care and the education that children receive, and ultimately improve outcomes for children.

Eye-Tracking Technology Applications in Educational Research

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Publisher : IGI Global
ISBN 13 : 1522510060
Total Pages : 391 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (225 download)

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Book Synopsis Eye-Tracking Technology Applications in Educational Research by : Was, Christopher

Download or read book Eye-Tracking Technology Applications in Educational Research written by Was, Christopher and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2016-09-29 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since its inception, eye-tracking technology has evolved into a critical device in psychological and sociological settings. By tracking eye movement, one can conduct lie detection, learn about neuropsychology, and measure reading response. Recently, these technologies have been implemented in Educational and School Psychology as a way to assess how students interact with content. Eye-Tracking Technology Applications in Educational Research enriches the current pool of educational research with cutting-edge applications of eye tracking in education. Seeking to advance this emergent, interdisciplinary field, this publication collects a diverse group of researchers exploring all aspects of this technology as an essential reference for educators, researchers, administrators, and advanced graduate students.

Early Word Learning

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317550587
Total Pages : 300 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (175 download)

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Book Synopsis Early Word Learning by : Gert Westermann

Download or read book Early Word Learning written by Gert Westermann and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-11-10 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Early Word Learning explores the processes leading to a young child learning words and their meanings. Word learning is here understood as the outcome of overlapping and interacting processes, starting with an infant’s learning of native speech sounds to segmenting proto-words from fluent speech, mapping individual words to meanings in the face of natural variability and uncertainty, and developing a structured mental lexicon. Experts in the field review the development of early lexical acquisition from empirical, computational and theoretical perspectives to examine the development of skilled word learning as the outcome of a process that begins even before birth and spans the first two years of life. Drawing on cutting-edge research in infant eye-tracking, neuroimaging techniques and computational modelling, this book surveys the field covering both established results and the most recent advances in word learning research. Featuring chapters from international experts whose research approaches the topic from these diverse perspectives using different methodologies, this book provides a comprehensive yet coherent and unified representation of early word learning. It will be invaluable for both undergraduate and postgraduate courses in early language development as well as being of interest to researchers interested in lexical development.

Eye Tracking in Linguistics

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Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1350117528
Total Pages : 305 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (51 download)

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Book Synopsis Eye Tracking in Linguistics by : Salvatore Attardo

Download or read book Eye Tracking in Linguistics written by Salvatore Attardo and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2023-02-09 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is eye tracking? Why is it important for linguistics? How can I use it in my own research project? Answering these questions and more, this book guides you through one of the most exciting and innovative research methods in the field of linguistics. Divided into three parts, the chapters first offer an historical introduction and a foundational overview to the neurology and physiology of the eye and the common measurements and tools used in eye tracking. They then provide a guide to the applications of eye tracking most pertinent to linguists (reading, the visual-world paradigm, social eye tracking, and classroom applications), followed by a step-by-step process to plan, execute, analyze and report your research project in eye tracking. The book covers topics such as reading, lexical and syntactic processing, mind wandering, second language acquisition, and AAC devices, and includes statistical tools and how to write up results. Each chapter also includes self-study questions and a range of applied case studies. Supported by a glossary of key terms, suggestions for further reading, and material to aid self-study, Eye Tracking in Linguistics is the only book you need to provide a solid foundation for your own research project.

Experimental Methods in Language Acquisition Research

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Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9027219966
Total Pages : 303 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (272 download)

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Book Synopsis Experimental Methods in Language Acquisition Research by : Elma Blom

Download or read book Experimental Methods in Language Acquisition Research written by Elma Blom and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2010 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Experimental Methods in Language Acquisition Research" provides students and researchers interested in language acquisition with comprehensible and practical information on the most frequently used methods in language acquisition research. It includes contributions on first and child/adult second language learners, language-impaired children, and on the acquisition of both spoken and signed language. Part I discusses specific experimental methods, explaining the rationale behind each one, and providing an overview of potential participants, the procedure and data-analysis, as well as advantages and disadvantages and dos and don ts. Part II focuses on comparisons across groups, addressing the theoretical, applied and methodological issues involved in such comparative work. This book will not only be of use to advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students, but also to any scholars wishing to learn more about a particular research method. It is suitable as a textbook in postgraduate programs in the fields of linguistics, education and psychology."

Aspects of Language Production

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Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1317774590
Total Pages : 432 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (177 download)

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Book Synopsis Aspects of Language Production by : Linda Wheeldon

Download or read book Aspects of Language Production written by Linda Wheeldon and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2013-12-16 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume represents major research issues in language production today, presenting readers with a picture of the breadth of current research in the field. Contributors have focused on models of visual word processing, aphasic speech, object recognition and language production in children. Many chapters highlight the need for psychological models of language production to learn from theoretical linguistics in order to become better informed about the structure of language itself. Therefore, this volume also includes chapters written by linguists for psychologists which serve to remind us of the complexity of structure and process in the languages of the world.

The Role of Letter-Speech Sound Integration in Typical and Atypical Reading Development

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Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889636984
Total Pages : 249 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (896 download)

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Book Synopsis The Role of Letter-Speech Sound Integration in Typical and Atypical Reading Development by : Jurgen Tijms

Download or read book The Role of Letter-Speech Sound Integration in Typical and Atypical Reading Development written by Jurgen Tijms and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-07-24 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fluency is the quintessence of effective reading. To obtain socio-economic success, fluent reading is of primordial importance and reading is considered a crucial marker of an individual’s life course. Approximately 5% of children are affected by developmental dyslexia, exhibiting inaccurate word recognition, spelling, phonological decoding, and most importantly, severely dysfluent reading, which remains as their most characterizing and persistent deficit. Unable to attain society’s literacy demands, individuals with dyslexia are at severe risk for adverse academic, economic, and psychosocial consequences. Recently, it has been posed that the development of automatic letter-speech sound (LSS) integration is critical in the acquisition of fluent reading skills, and in particular that a failure to develop automatic LSS integration results in an impairment of reading fluency. In support, neurocognitive research has suggested that the development of automatized processing of LSS associations is an essential step in the formation of a functional neural network for reading. Furthermore, both neurocognitive and behavioural studies have suggested a less efficient LSS integration in children with dyslexia than in typical readers. Finally, results from intervention studies have suggested that training LSS might be a promising approach to ameliorate dysfluent reading in children with dyslexia. Nonetheless, there is still a considerable gap of knowledge in our understanding of the mechanisms by which learning LSS associations relate to (dys)fluent reading.

Eye-Tracking

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108244084
Total Pages : 247 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (82 download)

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Book Synopsis Eye-Tracking by : Kathy Conklin

Download or read book Eye-Tracking written by Kathy Conklin and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-03-15 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Eye-tracking is quickly becoming a valuable tool in applied linguistics research as it provides a 'real-time', direct measure of cognitive processing effort. This book provides a straightforward introduction to the technology and how it might be used in language research. With a strong focus on the practicalities of designing eye-tracking studies that achieve the standard of other well-established experimental techniques, it provides valuable information about building and designing studies, touching on common challenges and problems, as well as solutions. Importantly, the book looks at the use of eye-tracking in a wide variety of applied contexts including reading, listening and multi-modal input, writing, testing, corpus linguistics, translation, stylistics, and computer-mediated communication. Each chapter finishes with a simple checklist to help researchers use eye-tracking in a wide variety of language studies. Discussion is grounded in concrete examples, which will allow users coming to the technology for the first time to gain the knowledge and confidence to use it to produce high quality research.

Learning Words Under Incidental and Intentional Learning Conditions

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780438752047
Total Pages : 128 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (52 download)

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Book Synopsis Learning Words Under Incidental and Intentional Learning Conditions by : Ina Choi

Download or read book Learning Words Under Incidental and Intentional Learning Conditions written by Ina Choi and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present study investigated the cognitive processes of vocabulary learning under incidental and intentional conditions using eye-tracking. It aims to find out the extent to which intentionality and time restrictions are associated with vocabulary learning; as well as the mechanism through which these relationships are mediated by attention, controlling for the effects of word length, predictability, and part of speech of target words. Forty-four high-intermediate L2 English learners were randomly assigned to one of three different groups: no test announcement with time restriction (Group 1: Incidental Timed), test announcement without time restriction (Group 2: Intentional Untimed), and test announcement with time restriction (Group 3: Intentional Timed). The participants read an 1100-word-long reading passage twice while their eyes were being tracked. Twelve low-frequency English words in the text served as targets for word learning. In order to accurately measure noticing, two eye-tracking measures were used: total fixation duration and the difference between the observed and expected duration. After reading, participants received three surprise vocabulary tests in the following order: form recognition, meaning recall, meaning recognition. The descriptive statistics confirmed a pattern of incremental vocabulary development with the highest scores on form recognition, followed by meaning recognition, and then meaning recall. Eye-movement data showed that Intentional Untimed and Intentional Timed (Group 2 and 3) spent similar amounts of time on target words while Incidental Timed (Group 1) paid significantly less attention to targets than the other groups. More importantly, multivariate multilevel mediation model demonstrated the importance of attention in predicting learning success. Effects of the test announcement and the time limit were completely mediated by the total reading time on target words. The results further support the hypothesis that intentional and incidental learning differ quantitatively by showing that the effect of the test announcement was significant for the total reading time, but not on the extra attentional processing time.

Visually Situated Language Comprehension

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Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing Company
ISBN 13 : 9027267480
Total Pages : 358 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (272 download)

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Book Synopsis Visually Situated Language Comprehension by : Pia Knoeferle

Download or read book Visually Situated Language Comprehension written by Pia Knoeferle and published by John Benjamins Publishing Company. This book was released on 2016-03-10 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Visually Situated Language Comprehension has been compiled as a state-of the-art introduction to real-time language processing in visually-situated contexts. It covers the history of this emergent field, explains key methodological developments and discusses the insights these methods have enabled into how language processing interacts with our knowledge and perception of the immediate environment. Scientists interested in how language users integrate what they know with their perception of objects and events will find the book a rewarding read. The book further covers lexical, sentence, and discourse level processes, as well as active visual context effects in both non-interactive and interactive tasks and thus present a well-balanced view of the field. It is aimed at experienced researchers and students alike in the hopes of attracting new talent to the field. Thanks to its in-depth methodological introduction and broad coverage it constitutes an excellent course book.

Typical and Atypical Processing of Gaze

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Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889636054
Total Pages : 193 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (896 download)

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Book Synopsis Typical and Atypical Processing of Gaze by : Chris Ashwin

Download or read book Typical and Atypical Processing of Gaze written by Chris Ashwin and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-03-24 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: