Expressing Support for Local Law Enforcement Officers and Condemning Efforts to Defund Or Dismantle Local Law Enforcement Agencies

Download Expressing Support for Local Law Enforcement Officers and Condemning Efforts to Defund Or Dismantle Local Law Enforcement Agencies PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Expressing Support for Local Law Enforcement Officers and Condemning Efforts to Defund Or Dismantle Local Law Enforcement Agencies by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on the Judiciary

Download or read book Expressing Support for Local Law Enforcement Officers and Condemning Efforts to Defund Or Dismantle Local Law Enforcement Agencies written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on the Judiciary and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Providing for Consideration of the Bill (H.R. 2494) to Make the Assault of a Law Enforcement Officer a Deportable Offense, and for Other Purposes; Providing for Consideration of the Bill (H.R. 3091) to Allow Federal Law Enforcement Officers to Purchase Retired Service Weapons, and for Other Purposes; and Providing for Consideration of the Concurrent Resolution (H. Con. Res. 40) Expressing Support for Local Law Enforcement Officers and Condemning Efforts to Defund Or Dismantle Local Law Enforcement Agencies

Download Providing for Consideration of the Bill (H.R. 2494) to Make the Assault of a Law Enforcement Officer a Deportable Offense, and for Other Purposes; Providing for Consideration of the Bill (H.R. 3091) to Allow Federal Law Enforcement Officers to Purchase Retired Service Weapons, and for Other Purposes; and Providing for Consideration of the Concurrent Resolution (H. Con. Res. 40) Expressing Support for Local Law Enforcement Officers and Condemning Efforts to Defund Or Dismantle Local Law Enforcement Agencies PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Providing for Consideration of the Bill (H.R. 2494) to Make the Assault of a Law Enforcement Officer a Deportable Offense, and for Other Purposes; Providing for Consideration of the Bill (H.R. 3091) to Allow Federal Law Enforcement Officers to Purchase Retired Service Weapons, and for Other Purposes; and Providing for Consideration of the Concurrent Resolution (H. Con. Res. 40) Expressing Support for Local Law Enforcement Officers and Condemning Efforts to Defund Or Dismantle Local Law Enforcement Agencies by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Rules

Download or read book Providing for Consideration of the Bill (H.R. 2494) to Make the Assault of a Law Enforcement Officer a Deportable Offense, and for Other Purposes; Providing for Consideration of the Bill (H.R. 3091) to Allow Federal Law Enforcement Officers to Purchase Retired Service Weapons, and for Other Purposes; and Providing for Consideration of the Concurrent Resolution (H. Con. Res. 40) Expressing Support for Local Law Enforcement Officers and Condemning Efforts to Defund Or Dismantle Local Law Enforcement Agencies written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Rules and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The End of Policing

Download The End of Policing PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Verso Books
ISBN 13 : 1784782904
Total Pages : 298 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (847 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The End of Policing by : Alex S. Vitale

Download or read book The End of Policing written by Alex S. Vitale and published by Verso Books. This book was released on 2017-10-10 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The massive uprising following the police killing of George Floyd in the summer of 2020--by some estimates the largest protests in US history--thrust the argument to defund the police to the forefront of international politics. It also made The End of Policing a bestseller and Alex Vitale, its author, a leading figure in the urgent public discussion over police and racial justice. As the writer Rachel Kushner put it in an article called "Things I Can't Live Without", this book explains that "unfortunately, no increased diversity on police forces, nor body cameras, nor better training, has made any seeming difference" in reducing police killings and abuse. "We need to restructure our society and put resources into communities themselves, an argument Alex Vitale makes very persuasively." The problem, Vitale demonstrates, is policing itself-the dramatic expansion of the police role over the last forty years. Drawing on first-hand research from across the globe, The End of Policing describes how the implementation of alternatives to policing, like drug legalization, regulation, and harm reduction instead of the policing of drugs, has led to reductions in crime, spending, and injustice. This edition includes a new introduction that takes stock of the renewed movement to challenge police impunity and shows how we move forward, evaluating protest, policy, and the political situation.

The President and Immigration Law

Download The President and Immigration Law PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190694386
Total Pages : 361 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (96 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The President and Immigration Law by : Adam B. Cox

Download or read book The President and Immigration Law written by Adam B. Cox and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-08-04 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Who controls American immigration policy? The biggest immigration controversies of the last decade have all involved policies produced by the President policies such as President Obama's decision to protect Dreamers from deportation and President Trump's proclamation banning immigrants from several majority-Muslim nations. While critics of these policies have been separated by a vast ideological chasm, their broadsides have embodied the same widely shared belief: that Congress, not the President, ought to dictate who may come to the United States and who will be forced to leave. This belief is a myth. In The President and Immigration Law, Adam B. Cox and Cristina M. Rodríguez chronicle the untold story of how, over the course of two centuries, the President became our immigration policymaker-in-chief. Diving deep into the history of American immigration policy from founding-era disputes over deporting sympathizers with France to contemporary debates about asylum-seekers at the Southern border they show how migration crises, real or imagined, have empowered presidents. Far more importantly, they also uncover how the Executive's ordinary power to decide when to enforce the law, and against whom, has become an extraordinarily powerful vehicle for making immigration policy. This pathbreaking account helps us understand how the United States ?has come to run an enormous shadow immigration system-one in which nearly half of all noncitizens in the country are living in violation of the law. It also provides a blueprint for reform, one that accepts rather than laments the role the President plays in shaping the national community, while also outlining strategies to curb the abuse of law enforcement authority in immigration and beyond.

Free Justice

Download Free Justice PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : UNC Press Books
ISBN 13 : 1469656035
Total Pages : 287 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (696 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Free Justice by : Sara Mayeux

Download or read book Free Justice written by Sara Mayeux and published by UNC Press Books. This book was released on 2020-04-28 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Every day, in courtrooms around the United States, thousands of criminal defendants are represented by public defenders--lawyers provided by the government for those who cannot afford private counsel. Though often taken for granted, the modern American public defender has a surprisingly contentious history--one that offers insights not only about the "carceral state," but also about the contours and compromises of twentieth-century liberalism. First gaining appeal amidst the Progressive Era fervor for court reform, the public defender idea was swiftly quashed by elite corporate lawyers who believed the legal profession should remain independent from the state. Public defenders took hold in some localities but not yet as a nationwide standard. By the 1960s, views had shifted. Gideon v. Wainwright enshrined the right to counsel into law and the legal profession mobilized to expand the ranks of public defenders nationwide. Yet within a few years, lawyers had already diagnosed a "crisis" of underfunded, overworked defenders providing inadequate representation--a crisis that persists today. This book shows how these conditions, often attributed to recent fiscal emergencies, have deep roots, and it chronicles the intertwined histories of constitutional doctrine, big philanthropy, professional in-fighting, and Cold War culture that made public defenders ubiquitous but embattled figures in American courtrooms.

The Rise of Big Data Policing

Download The Rise of Big Data Policing PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : NYU Press
ISBN 13 : 147986997X
Total Pages : 267 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (798 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Rise of Big Data Policing by : Andrew Guthrie Ferguson

Download or read book The Rise of Big Data Policing written by Andrew Guthrie Ferguson and published by NYU Press. This book was released on 2019-11-15 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Winner, 2018 Law & Legal Studies PROSE Award The consequences of big data and algorithm-driven policing and its impact on law enforcement In a high-tech command center in downtown Los Angeles, a digital map lights up with 911 calls, television monitors track breaking news stories, surveillance cameras sweep the streets, and rows of networked computers link analysts and police officers to a wealth of law enforcement intelligence. This is just a glimpse into a future where software predicts future crimes, algorithms generate virtual “most-wanted” lists, and databanks collect personal and biometric information. The Rise of Big Data Policing introduces the cutting-edge technology that is changing how the police do their jobs and shows why it is more important than ever that citizens understand the far-reaching consequences of big data surveillance as a law enforcement tool. Andrew Guthrie Ferguson reveals how these new technologies —viewed as race-neutral and objective—have been eagerly adopted by police departments hoping to distance themselves from claims of racial bias and unconstitutional practices. After a series of high-profile police shootings and federal investigations into systemic police misconduct, and in an era of law enforcement budget cutbacks, data-driven policing has been billed as a way to “turn the page” on racial bias. But behind the data are real people, and difficult questions remain about racial discrimination and the potential to distort constitutional protections. In this first book on big data policing, Ferguson offers an examination of how new technologies will alter the who, where, when and how we police. These new technologies also offer data-driven methods to improve police accountability and to remedy the underlying socio-economic risk factors that encourage crime. The Rise of Big Data Policing is a must read for anyone concerned with how technology will revolutionize law enforcement and its potential threat to the security, privacy, and constitutional rights of citizens. Read an excerpt and interview with Andrew Guthrie Ferguson in The Economist.

The Future of Policing

Download The Future of Policing PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136758844
Total Pages : 553 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (367 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Future of Policing by : Jennifer M. Brown

Download or read book The Future of Policing written by Jennifer M. Brown and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-10-08 with total page 553 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The police service in England and Wales is facing major challenges in its financing, political oversight and reorganisation of its structures. Current economic conditions have created a wholly new environment whereby cost saving is permitting hitherto unthinkable changes in the style and means of delivery of policing services. In the context of these proposed changes Lord Stevens, formerly Commissioner of the Metropolitan Police Service was asked to chair an Independent Commission looking into the future of policing. The Commission has a wide ranging remit and the papers in this book offer up-to-date analysis of contemporary problems from the novel perspective of developing a reform agenda to assist the Commission. Bringing together contributions from both key academic thinkers and police professionals, this book discusses new policing paradigms, lays out a case for an evidence-based practice approach and draws attention to developing areas such as terrorism, public order and hate crime. Policing is too important to be left to politicians, as the health of a democracy may be judged by the relationship between the police and the public. The aim of this book is to question and present analyses of problems offer new ideas and propose realistically achievable solutions without being so timid as to preserve the status quo. It will be of interest to both academics and students in the fields of criminology and policing studies, as well as professionals in the policing service, NGOs and local authority organisations.

Freedom in the World 2016

Download Freedom in the World 2016 PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1442261536
Total Pages : 905 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (422 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Freedom in the World 2016 by : Freedom House

Download or read book Freedom in the World 2016 written by Freedom House and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2016-12-24 with total page 905 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Freedom in the World, the Freedom House flagship survey whose findings have been published annually since 1972, is the standard-setting comparative assessment of global political rights and civil liberties. The survey ratings and narrative reports on 195 countries and fifteen territories are used by policymakers, the media, international corporations, civic activists, and human rights defenders to monitor trends in democracy and track improvements and setbacks in freedom worldwide. The Freedom in the World political rights and civil liberties ratings are determined through a multi-layered process of research and evaluation by a team of regional analysts and eminent scholars. The analysts used a broad range of sources of information, including foreign and domestic news reports, academic studies, nongovernmental organizations, think tanks, individual professional contacts, and visits to the region, in conducting their research. The methodology of the survey is derived in large measure from the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and these standards are applied to all countries and territories, irrespective of geographical location, ethnic or religious composition, or level of economic development.

Black Reconstruction in America (The Oxford W. E. B. Du Bois)

Download Black Reconstruction in America (The Oxford W. E. B. Du Bois) PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 019938567X
Total Pages : 1134 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (993 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Black Reconstruction in America (The Oxford W. E. B. Du Bois) by : W. E. B. Du Bois

Download or read book Black Reconstruction in America (The Oxford W. E. B. Du Bois) written by W. E. B. Du Bois and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2014-02-01 with total page 1134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: W. E. B. Du Bois was a public intellectual, sociologist, and activist on behalf of the African American community. He profoundly shaped black political culture in the United States through his founding role in the NAACP, as well as internationally through the Pan-African movement. Du Bois's sociological and historical research on African-American communities and culture broke ground in many areas, including the history of the post-Civil War Reconstruction period. Du Bois was also a prolific author of novels, autobiographical accounts, innumerable editorials and journalistic pieces, and several works of history. Black Reconstruction in America tells and interprets the story of the twenty years of Reconstruction from the point of view of newly liberated African Americans. Though lambasted by critics at the time of its publication in 1935, Black Reconstruction has only grown in historical and literary importance. In the 1960s it joined the canon of the most influential revisionist historical works. Its greatest achievement is weaving a credible, lyrical historical narrative of the hostile and politically fraught years of 1860-1880 with a powerful critical analysis of the harmful effects of democracy, including Jim Crow laws and other injustices. With a series introduction by editor Henry Louis Gates, Jr., and an introduction by David Levering Lewis, this edition is essential for anyone interested in African American history.

Proactive Policing

Download Proactive Policing PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309467136
Total Pages : 409 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Proactive Policing by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Proactive Policing written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2018-03-23 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proactive policing, as a strategic approach used by police agencies to prevent crime, is a relatively new phenomenon in the United States. It developed from a crisis in confidence in policing that began to emerge in the 1960s because of social unrest, rising crime rates, and growing skepticism regarding the effectiveness of standard approaches to policing. In response, beginning in the 1980s and 1990s, innovative police practices and policies that took a more proactive approach began to develop. This report uses the term "proactive policing" to refer to all policing strategies that have as one of their goals the prevention or reduction of crime and disorder and that are not reactive in terms of focusing primarily on uncovering ongoing crime or on investigating or responding to crimes once they have occurred. Proactive policing is distinguished from the everyday decisions of police officers to be proactive in specific situations and instead refers to a strategic decision by police agencies to use proactive police responses in a programmatic way to reduce crime. Today, proactive policing strategies are used widely in the United States. They are not isolated programs used by a select group of agencies but rather a set of ideas that have spread across the landscape of policing. Proactive Policing reviews the evidence and discusses the data and methodological gaps on: (1) the effects of different forms of proactive policing on crime; (2) whether they are applied in a discriminatory manner; (3) whether they are being used in a legal fashion; and (4) community reaction. This report offers a comprehensive evaluation of proactive policing that includes not only its crime prevention impacts but also its broader implications for justice and U.S. communities.

Abolition Democracy

Download Abolition Democracy PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Seven Stories Press
ISBN 13 : 1609801032
Total Pages : 138 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (98 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Abolition Democracy by : Angela Y. Davis

Download or read book Abolition Democracy written by Angela Y. Davis and published by Seven Stories Press. This book was released on 2011-01-04 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Revelations about U.S policies and practices of torture and abuse have captured headlines ever since the breaking of the Abu Ghraib prison story in April 2004. Since then, a debate has raged regarding what is and what is not acceptable behavior for the world’s leading democracy. It is within this context that Angela Davis, one of America’s most remarkable political figures, gave a series of interviews to discuss resistance and law, institutional sexual coercion, politics and prison. Davis talks about her own incarceration, as well as her experiences as "enemy of the state," and about having been put on the FBI’s "most wanted" list. She talks about the crucial role that international activism played in her case and the case of many other political prisoners. Throughout these interviews, Davis returns to her critique of a democracy that has been compromised by its racist origins and institutions. Discussing the most recent disclosures about the disavowed "chain of command," and the formal reports by the Red Cross and Human Rights Watch denouncing U.S. violation of human rights and the laws of war in Guantánamo, Afghanistan and Iraq, Davis focuses on the underpinnings of prison regimes in the United States.

Funding Bodies

Download Funding Bodies PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Wesleyan University Press
ISBN 13 : 0819580538
Total Pages : 296 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (195 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Funding Bodies by : Sarah Wilbur

Download or read book Funding Bodies written by Sarah Wilbur and published by Wesleyan University Press. This book was released on 2021-10-20 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "A cultural and structural analysis of the NEA's dance funding from its inception through the early 2000s. Wilbur studies how people in power engineer and translate institutional norms of arts recognition within dance, performance, and arts policy disclosure"--

The RCMP : Its Horses, Its Riders

Download The RCMP : Its Horses, Its Riders PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Royal Canadian Mounted Police, Public Relations Branch
ISBN 13 : 9780662122364
Total Pages : 36 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (223 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The RCMP : Its Horses, Its Riders by : Royal Canadian Mounted Police

Download or read book The RCMP : Its Horses, Its Riders written by Royal Canadian Mounted Police and published by Royal Canadian Mounted Police, Public Relations Branch. This book was released on 1982 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Charged

Download Charged PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Random House Trade Paperbacks
ISBN 13 : 039959003X
Total Pages : 450 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (995 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Charged by : Emily Bazelon

Download or read book Charged written by Emily Bazelon and published by Random House Trade Paperbacks. This book was released on 2020-05-05 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER • A renowned journalist and legal commentator exposes the unchecked power of the prosecutor as a driving force in America’s mass incarceration crisis—and charts a way out. “An important, thoughtful, and thorough examination of criminal justice in America that speaks directly to how we reduce mass incarceration.”—Bryan Stevenson, author of Just Mercy “This harrowing, often enraging book is a hopeful one, as well, profiling innovative new approaches and the frontline advocates who champion them.”—Matthew Desmond, author of Evicted FINALIST FOR THE LOS ANGELES TIMES BOOK PRIZE • SHORTLISTED FOR THE J. ANTHONY LUKAS BOOK PRIZE • NAMED ONE OF THE BEST BOOKS OF THE YEAR BY NPR • The New York Public Library • Library Journal • Publishers Weekly • Kirkus Reviews The American criminal justice system is supposed to be a contest between two equal adversaries, the prosecution and the defense, with judges ensuring a fair fight. That image of the law does not match the reality in the courtroom, however. Much of the time, it is prosecutors more than judges who control the outcome of a case, from choosing the charge to setting bail to determining the plea bargain. They often decide who goes free and who goes to prison, even who lives and who dies. In Charged, Emily Bazelon reveals how this kind of unchecked power is the underreported cause of enormous injustice—and the missing piece in the mass incarceration puzzle. Charged follows the story of two young people caught up in the criminal justice system: Kevin, a twenty-year-old in Brooklyn who picked up his friend’s gun as the cops burst in and was charged with a serious violent felony, and Noura, a teenage girl in Memphis indicted for the murder of her mother. Bazelon tracks both cases—from arrest and charging to trial and sentencing—and, with her trademark blend of deeply reported narrative, legal analysis, and investigative journalism, illustrates just how criminal prosecutions can go wrong and, more important, why they don’t have to. Bazelon also details the second chances they prosecutors can extend, if they choose, to Kevin and Noura and so many others. She follows a wave of reform-minded D.A.s who have been elected in some of our biggest cities, as well as in rural areas in every region of the country, put in office to do nothing less than reinvent how their job is done. If they succeed, they can point the country toward a different and profoundly better future.

Policing the Black Man

Download Policing the Black Man PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Vintage
ISBN 13 : 1101871288
Total Pages : 353 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (18 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Policing the Black Man by : Angela J. Davis

Download or read book Policing the Black Man written by Angela J. Davis and published by Vintage. This book was released on 2017-07-11 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive, readable analysis of the key issues of the Black Lives Matter movement, this thought-provoking and compelling anthology features essays by some of the nation’s most influential and respected criminal justice experts and legal scholars. “Somewhere among the anger, mourning and malice that Policing the Black Man documents lies the pursuit of justice. This powerful book demands our fierce attention.” —Toni Morrison Policing the Black Man explores and critiques the many ways the criminal justice system impacts the lives of African American boys and men at every stage of the criminal process, from arrest through sentencing. Essays range from an explication of the historical roots of racism in the criminal justice system to an examination of modern-day police killings of unarmed black men. The contributors discuss and explain racial profiling, the power and discretion of police and prosecutors, the role of implicit bias, the racial impact of police and prosecutorial decisions, the disproportionate imprisonment of black men, the collateral consequences of mass incarceration, and the Supreme Court’s failure to provide meaningful remedies for the injustices in the criminal justice system. Policing the Black Man is an enlightening must-read for anyone interested in the critical issues of race and justice in America.

Report on the Revised Suballocation of Budget Allocations for Fiscal Year ...

Download Report on the Revised Suballocation of Budget Allocations for Fiscal Year ... PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 8 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Report on the Revised Suballocation of Budget Allocations for Fiscal Year ... by :

Download or read book Report on the Revised Suballocation of Budget Allocations for Fiscal Year ... written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Lift Every Voice

Download Lift Every Voice PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 0743253515
Total Pages : 346 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (432 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Lift Every Voice by : Lani Guinier

Download or read book Lift Every Voice written by Lani Guinier and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 1998 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The author was nominated as Assistant Attorney General for Civil Rights, but after critics from the right labelled her the "Quota Queen," the president not only withdrew his nomination but refused to allow her an opportunity to defend herself. Now she writes about what really happened behind closed doors, about the nation's racial history and commitment to equality and democracy, and about the courage of "ordinary" people.