Exploring the Adaptive Capabilities of Escherichia Coli

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 163 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis Exploring the Adaptive Capabilities of Escherichia Coli by : Troy Sandberg

Download or read book Exploring the Adaptive Capabilities of Escherichia Coli written by Troy Sandberg and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Evolution underlies the entirety of Earth's biodiversity, as all species diverged from the last universal common ancestor billions of years ago. Although able to effect incredible changes over long periods, the need for multiple generations of mutation and competition renders evolution nearly imperceptible, at the timescale of human observation, for all but the most quickly reproducing organisms. Thus microbial adaptation, given microbes' rapid generation time and enormous population sizes, is perhaps most pressing to understand. This unavoidable evolutionary process facilitates the rise and spread of antibiotic resistance, and frequently countervails attempts to genetically engineer organisms for human purposes. The bacterium Escherichia coli, easily the most highly studied microbe to date, is an ideal model by which to investigate evolution. With both clinical and biotechnological relevance, a thorough understanding of the adaptive principles governing E. coli evolution is of great importance. In this dissertation I seek to probe the adaptive capabilities of E. coli using custom robotics systems that function as 'evolution machines.' Enabled by this automation, adaptive walks along the fitness landscape can be tracked in real-time with experimental throughput, data quality, and environmental control impossible to replicate manually. I subject E. coli to stressful perturbations and analyze the mechanisms by which it evolves to restore robust growth, using data types such as phenotypic characterization, whole genome sequencing, and transcriptomics. I demonstrate the remarkable adaptive flexibility of E. coli as it readily evolves to tolerate elevated temperatures, altered isotopic composition, rapidly fluctuating growth environments, and even replacement of important native genes with foreign DNA. Overall, these studies establish condition-specific evolutionary responses, general mechanisms for growth rate improvement, and guiding principles for the successful use of laboratory evolution experiments as a tool for biological discovery and engineering.

"Comprehensive Insights into Escherichia coli Infections: From Pathogenesis to Novel Interventions" delves deeply into the multifaceted realm of Escherichia coli infections, offering an extensive exploration of the bacterium's biology, pathogenicity, clinical manifestations, prevention, and innovative treatment modalities. This treatise serves as a comprehensive guide, meticulously dissecting various facets of E. coli infections to provide a holistic understanding for healthcare professionals, researchers, and individuals interested in infectious diseases. The treatise commences with an in-depth overview of Escherichia coli, navigating through its taxonomy, strains, and variants, laying a robust foundation for subsequent chapters. Detailed examinations of E. coli's morphology, life cycle, growth conditions, and virulence factors offer intricate insights into its behavior within the host environment. It meticulously elucidates the interactions of E. coli with the gastrointestinal tract, highlighting colonization sites and host microbiota interactions, illuminating crucial aspects of pathogenesis and transmission routes. Additionally, the treatise thoroughly investigates the anatomical and symptomatic manifestations of E. coli infections, exploring gastrointestinal symptoms, extraintestinal manifestations, complications, and severity factors, comprehensively addressing the clinical landscape.

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Author :
Publisher : Dr. Spineanu Eugenia
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 70 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis "Comprehensive Insights into Escherichia coli Infections: From Pathogenesis to Novel Interventions" delves deeply into the multifaceted realm of Escherichia coli infections, offering an extensive exploration of the bacterium's biology, pathogenicity, clinical manifestations, prevention, and innovative treatment modalities. This treatise serves as a comprehensive guide, meticulously dissecting various facets of E. coli infections to provide a holistic understanding for healthcare professionals, researchers, and individuals interested in infectious diseases. The treatise commences with an in-depth overview of Escherichia coli, navigating through its taxonomy, strains, and variants, laying a robust foundation for subsequent chapters. Detailed examinations of E. coli's morphology, life cycle, growth conditions, and virulence factors offer intricate insights into its behavior within the host environment. It meticulously elucidates the interactions of E. coli with the gastrointestinal tract, highlighting colonization sites and host microbiota interactions, illuminating crucial aspects of pathogenesis and transmission routes. Additionally, the treatise thoroughly investigates the anatomical and symptomatic manifestations of E. coli infections, exploring gastrointestinal symptoms, extraintestinal manifestations, complications, and severity factors, comprehensively addressing the clinical landscape. by : Dr. Spineanu Eugenia

Download or read book "Comprehensive Insights into Escherichia coli Infections: From Pathogenesis to Novel Interventions" delves deeply into the multifaceted realm of Escherichia coli infections, offering an extensive exploration of the bacterium's biology, pathogenicity, clinical manifestations, prevention, and innovative treatment modalities. This treatise serves as a comprehensive guide, meticulously dissecting various facets of E. coli infections to provide a holistic understanding for healthcare professionals, researchers, and individuals interested in infectious diseases. The treatise commences with an in-depth overview of Escherichia coli, navigating through its taxonomy, strains, and variants, laying a robust foundation for subsequent chapters. Detailed examinations of E. coli's morphology, life cycle, growth conditions, and virulence factors offer intricate insights into its behavior within the host environment. It meticulously elucidates the interactions of E. coli with the gastrointestinal tract, highlighting colonization sites and host microbiota interactions, illuminating crucial aspects of pathogenesis and transmission routes. Additionally, the treatise thoroughly investigates the anatomical and symptomatic manifestations of E. coli infections, exploring gastrointestinal symptoms, extraintestinal manifestations, complications, and severity factors, comprehensively addressing the clinical landscape. written by Dr. Spineanu Eugenia and published by Dr. Spineanu Eugenia. This book was released on 2024-09-20 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Comprehensive Insights into Escherichia coli Infections: From Pathogenesis to Novel Interventions" delves deeply into the multifaceted realm of Escherichia coli infections, offering an extensive exploration of the bacterium's biology, pathogenicity, clinical manifestations, prevention, and innovative treatment modalities. This treatise serves as a comprehensive guide, meticulously dissecting various facets of E. coli infections to provide a holistic understanding for healthcare professionals, researchers, and individuals interested in infectious diseases. The treatise commences with an in-depth overview of Escherichia coli, navigating through its taxonomy, strains, and variants, laying a robust foundation for subsequent chapters. Detailed examinations of E. coli's morphology, life cycle, growth conditions, and virulence factors offer intricate insights into its behavior within the host environment. It meticulously elucidates the interactions of E. coli with the gastrointestinal tract, highlighting colonization sites and host microbiota interactions, illuminating crucial aspects of pathogenesis and transmission routes. Additionally, the treatise thoroughly investigates the anatomical and symptomatic manifestations of E. coli infections, exploring gastrointestinal symptoms, extraintestinal manifestations, complications, and severity factors, comprehensively addressing the clinical landscape.

Regulation of Bacterial Virulence

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Publisher : American Society for Microbiology Press
ISBN 13 : 1555816762
Total Pages : 1189 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (558 download)

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Book Synopsis Regulation of Bacterial Virulence by : Michael L. Vasil

Download or read book Regulation of Bacterial Virulence written by Michael L. Vasil and published by American Society for Microbiology Press. This book was released on 2012-12-05 with total page 1189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive compendium of scholarly contributions relating to bacterial virulence gene regulation. • Provides insights into global control and the switch between distinct infectious states (e.g., acute vs. chronic). • Considers key issues about the mechanisms of gene regulation relating to: surface factors, exported toxins and export mechanisms. • Reflects on how the regulation of intracellular lifestyles and the response to stress can ultimately have an impact on the outcome of an infection. • Highlights and examines some emerging regulatory mechanisms of special significance. • Serves as an ideal compendium of valuable topics for students, researchers and faculty with interests in how the mechanisms of gene regulation ultimately affect the outcome of an array of bacterial infectious diseases.

Bacterial Physiology and Metabolism

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 113946762X
Total Pages : 934 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis Bacterial Physiology and Metabolism by : Byung Hong Kim

Download or read book Bacterial Physiology and Metabolism written by Byung Hong Kim and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2008-02-21 with total page 934 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent determination of genome sequences for a wide range of bacteria has made in-depth knowledge of prokaryotic metabolic function essential in order to give biochemical, physiological, and ecological meaning to the genomic information. Clearly describing the important metabolic processes that occur in prokaryotes under different conditions and in different environments, this advanced text provides an overview of the key cellular processes that determine bacterial roles in the environment, biotechnology, and human health. Prokaryotic structure is described as well as the means by which nutrients are transported into cells across membranes. Glucose metabolism through glycolysis and the TCA cycle are discussed, as well as other trophic variations found in prokaryotes, including the use of organic compounds, anaerobic fermentation, anaerobic respiratory processes, and photosynthesis. The regulation of metabolism through control of gene expression and control of the activity of enzymes is also covered, as well as survival mechanisms used under starvation conditions.

Microbiology of Waterborne Diseases

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Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0124159761
Total Pages : 719 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (241 download)

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Book Synopsis Microbiology of Waterborne Diseases by :

Download or read book Microbiology of Waterborne Diseases written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-11-08 with total page 719 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition of Microbiology of Waterborne Diseases describes the diseases associated with water, their causative agents and the ways in which they gain access to water systems. The book is divided into sections covering bacteria, protozoa, and viruses. Other sections detail methods for detecting and identifying waterborne microorganisms, and the ways in which they are removed from water, including chlorine, ozone, and ultraviolet disinfection. The second edition of this handbook has been updated with information on biofilms and antimicrobial resistance. The impact of global warming and climate change phenomena on waterborne illnesses are also discussed. This book serves as an indispensable reference for public health microbiologists, water utility scientists, research water pollution microbiologists environmental health officers, consultants in communicable disease control and microbial water pollution students. Focuses on the microorganisms of most significance to public health, including E. coli, cryptosporidium, and enterovirus Highlights the basic microbiology, clinical features, survival in the environment, and gives a risk assessment for each pathogen Contains new material on antimicrobial resistance and biofilms Covers drinking water and both marine and freshwater recreational bathing waters

Adaptive Evolution of Escherichia Coli

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 428 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis Adaptive Evolution of Escherichia Coli by : Stephen Sailoong Fong

Download or read book Adaptive Evolution of Escherichia Coli written by Stephen Sailoong Fong and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Exploration of specific properties and functions of specific members of the NF-Y family

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Publisher : Cuvillier Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3736943210
Total Pages : 126 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (369 download)

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Book Synopsis Exploration of specific properties and functions of specific members of the NF-Y family by : Yanfang Wu

Download or read book Exploration of specific properties and functions of specific members of the NF-Y family written by Yanfang Wu and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2012-12-21 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Kurzbeschreibung Der eukaryotische Transkriptionsfaktor nuclear factor y (NF-Y) besteht aus den Untereinheiten A, B und C und bindet an das als CCAAT-Box bekannte cis-Element. Während in Menschen und Säugern die drei Untereinheiten von jeweils nur einem Gen kodiert werden, existieren in Arabidopsis thaliana 10, 13 und 13 Gene für die NF-Y Untereinheiten A, B und C. Für einige der pflanzlichen NF-Y Untereinheiten wurden mitunter wichtige Rollen in ganz unterschiedlichen physiologischen Prozessen beschrieben. Basierend auf vorangegangenen Expressionsstudien aller NF-Y Gene in Arabidopsis thaliana, während unterschiedlicher Entwicklungsstadien und als Antwort auf verschiedene Stresssimuli, wurden bestimmte NF-Y Gene für weitergehende Untersuchungen ausgewählt. Zum Nachweis einzelner NF-Y Untereinheiten in den entsprechenden Überexpressionspflanzen als auch im Wildtyp (WT) wurden spezifische polyklonale Antikörper erzeugt. Die Zell-spezifische Expression ausgewählter NF-Y Gene wurde anhand von Promotor::GUS Konstrukten in stabil transformierten Arabidopsis-Pflanzen analysiert. Histochemische Untersuchungen zeigten eine erhöhte GUS-Expression in NF-YB3::GUSPflanzen nach Verwundung auf. Quantitative RT-PCR Experimente deuteten auf eine Beteiligung von NF-YB3 an der spezifischen Antwort auf Wundstress hin. Zur Untersuchung der Funktion von NF-Y Untereinheiten während der zellulären Antwort auf abiotischen Stress wurde ein reverse genetic Ansatz gewählt. Die loss-of function Pflanzen nf-yb3 und nfya5 zeigten jeweils eine verspätete Blütenbildung unter Langtag-Bedingungen (LD). Demzufolge spielen NF-YB3 als auch NF-YA5 eine wichtige Rolle während der photoperiodischen Blühinduktion. Darüberhinaus zeigten Transkriptanalysen eine verminderte Expression von FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) und SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS1 (SOC1) in nf-yb3 und nf-ya5. Diese Ergebnisse unterstreichen das existierende Modell, dass der NF-Y Komplex mit dem CONSTANS (CO) Protein interagiert und so die Blühinduktion anhand der Expression von FT in Arabidopsis reguliert. NF-A5 spielt zusätzlich auch eine Rolle während des Wachstums und der Entwicklung von Pflanzen. 35S::NF-YA5- Pflanzen waren zwergwüchsig. Diese morphologische Veränderung von NF-YA5 überexprimierenden Pflanzen kann nicht durch die exogene Gabe von Gibberelinsäure (GA) verhindert werden. Bei genauerer Untersuchung der Anatomie zeigten 35S::NF-YA5 kleinere Blattzellen als der WT. Demzufolge spielt NFYA5 eine entscheidende Rolle während des Längenwachstums von Blattzellen. Description In yeast and mammals, the transcription factor nuclear factor Y (NF-Y) is composed of the subunits A, B and C and binds to the CCAAT box cis-elements. While human and animals encode the three subunits of NF-Y each in single copy gene, Arabidopsis thaliana possesses 10, 13 and 13 genes encoding the NF-Y subunits A, B and C, respectively. A few individual plant NF-Y subunits have been described to be involved in a number of important biological processes. Based on previous expression profiles of all NF-Y genes in Arabidopsis thaliana during development and in response to stress conditions, some candidate genes for NF-Y subunits were selected for detailed analysis. Specific polyclonal antibodies raised against the selected NF-Y subunit confirmed the presence of the corresponding subunit in wild-type (WT) and overexpressor plants. The selected NF-Y genes were analyzed on their cell-specific expression pattern during plant development by using promoter::GUS fusion gene constructs in stable transformed Arabidopsis plants. Histochemical analysis revealed that the GUS expression was induced in NF-YB3::GUS plants responding to wounding. Quantitative RTPCR experiments suggested that NF-YB3 is involved in wounding stress responses. A reverse genetic approach was used to examine the functions of the NF-Y subunits under abiotic stress. The loss-of function nf-yb3 and nf-ya5 plants both exhibited delayed flowering under long-day (LD) conditions. This indicates that NF-YB3 and NF-YA5 are necessary for photoperiod-dependent flowering. Transcript analysis suggested that the expression of FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) and SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS1 (SOC1) was reduced in absence of NF-YB3 or NF-YA5. These results underlined the existing model, in which a NF-Y complex interacts with CONSTANS (CO) to control flowering time through regulating the expression of FT in Arabidopsis. In addition to changes in flowering time, NF-YA5 plays a role in plant growth and development. A dwarf phenotype was observed in 35S::NF-YA5 plants. These morphological alterations of NF-YA5 overexpressor plants were not rescued by the application of exogenous gibberellins (GA). The anatomical analysis revealed that the leaf cell of 35S::NF-YA5 plants was smaller than WT. This suggested that NF-YA5 plays a role in leaf cell elongation.

Exploring Immune Variability in Susceptibility to Tuberculosis Infection in Humans

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Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889744051
Total Pages : 169 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (897 download)

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Book Synopsis Exploring Immune Variability in Susceptibility to Tuberculosis Infection in Humans by : Julie G. Burel

Download or read book Exploring Immune Variability in Susceptibility to Tuberculosis Infection in Humans written by Julie G. Burel and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-02-16 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Stress and Environmental Regulation of Gene Expression and Adaptation in Bacteria

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Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119004896
Total Pages : 1472 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (19 download)

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Book Synopsis Stress and Environmental Regulation of Gene Expression and Adaptation in Bacteria by : Frans J. de Bruijn

Download or read book Stress and Environmental Regulation of Gene Expression and Adaptation in Bacteria written by Frans J. de Bruijn and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-07-13 with total page 1472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bacteria in various habitats are subject to continuously changing environmental conditions, such as nutrient deprivation, heat and cold stress, UV radiation, oxidative stress, dessication, acid stress, nitrosative stress, cell envelope stress, heavy metal exposure, osmotic stress, and others. In order to survive, they have to respond to these conditions by adapting their physiology through sometimes drastic changes in gene expression. In addition they may adapt by changing their morphology, forming biofilms, fruiting bodies or spores, filaments, Viable But Not Culturable (VBNC) cells or moving away from stress compounds via chemotaxis. Changes in gene expression constitute the main component of the bacterial response to stress and environmental changes, and involve a myriad of different mechanisms, including (alternative) sigma factors, bi- or tri-component regulatory systems, small non-coding RNA’s, chaperones, CHRIS-Cas systems, DNA repair, toxin-antitoxin systems, the stringent response, efflux pumps, alarmones, and modulation of the cell envelope or membranes, to name a few. Many regulatory elements are conserved in different bacteria; however there are endless variations on the theme and novel elements of gene regulation in bacteria inhabiting particular environments are constantly being discovered. Especially in (pathogenic) bacteria colonizing the human body a plethora of bacterial responses to innate stresses such as pH, reactive nitrogen and oxygen species and antibiotic stress are being described. An attempt is made to not only cover model systems but give a broad overview of the stress-responsive regulatory systems in a variety of bacteria, including medically important bacteria, where elucidation of certain aspects of these systems could lead to treatment strategies of the pathogens. Many of the regulatory systems being uncovered are specific, but there is also considerable “cross-talk” between different circuits. Stress and Environmental Regulation of Gene Expression and Adaptation in Bacteria is a comprehensive two-volume work bringing together both review and original research articles on key topics in stress and environmental control of gene expression in bacteria. Volume One contains key overview chapters, as well as content on one/two/three component regulatory systems and stress responses, sigma factors and stress responses, small non-coding RNAs and stress responses, toxin-antitoxin systems and stress responses, stringent response to stress, responses to UV irradiation, SOS and double stranded systems repair systems and stress, adaptation to both oxidative and osmotic stress, and desiccation tolerance and drought stress. Volume Two covers heat shock responses, chaperonins and stress, cold shock responses, adaptation to acid stress, nitrosative stress, and envelope stress, as well as iron homeostasis, metal resistance, quorum sensing, chemotaxis and biofilm formation, and viable but not culturable (VBNC) cells. Covering the full breadth of current stress and environmental control of gene expression studies and expanding it towards future advances in the field, these two volumes are a one-stop reference for (non) medical molecular geneticists interested in gene regulation under stress.

Extracellular Sugar-Based Biopolymers Matrices

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3030129195
Total Pages : 820 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Extracellular Sugar-Based Biopolymers Matrices by : Ephraim Cohen

Download or read book Extracellular Sugar-Based Biopolymers Matrices written by Ephraim Cohen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-07-02 with total page 820 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The extracellular matrix (ECM) is an acellular three-dimensional network composed of proteins, glycoproteins, proteoglycans and exopolysaccharides. It primarily serves as a structural component in the tissues and organs of plants and animals, or forms biofilms in which bacterial cells are embedded. ECMs are highly dynamic structures that undergo continuous remodeling, and disruptions are frequently the result of pathological processes associated with severe diseases such as arteriosclerosis, neurodegenerative illness or cancer. In turn, bacterial biofilms are a source of concern for human health, as they are associated with resistance to antibiotics. Although exopolysaccharides are crucial for ECM formation and function, they have received considerably little attention to date. The respective chapters of this book comprehensively address such issues, and provide reviews on the structural, biochemical, molecular and biophysical properties of exopolysaccharides. These components are abundantly produced by virtually all taxa including bacteria, algae, plants, fungi, invertebrates and vertebrates. They include long unbranched homopolymers (cellulose, chitin/chitosan), linear copolymers (alginate, agarose), peptoglycans such as murein, heteropolymers like a variety of glycosaminoglycans (hyaluronan, dermatan, keratin, heparin, Pel), and branched heteropolymers such as pectin and hemicellulose. A separate chapter is dedicated to modern industrial and biomedical applications of exopolysaccharides and polysaccharide-based biocomposites. Their unique chemical, physical and mechanical properties have attracted considerable interest, inspired basic and applied research, and have already been harnessed to form structural biocomposite hybrids for tailor-made applications in regenerative medicine, bioengineering and biosensor design. Given its scope, this book provides a substantial source of basic and applied information for a wide range of scientists, as well as valuable textbook for graduate and advanced undergraduate students.

Stress-Induced Mutagenesis

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461462800
Total Pages : 284 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (614 download)

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Book Synopsis Stress-Induced Mutagenesis by : David Mittelman

Download or read book Stress-Induced Mutagenesis written by David Mittelman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-12 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The discovery of stress-induced mutagenesis has changed ideas about mutation and evolution, and revealed mutagenic programs that differ from standard spontaneous mutagenesis in rapidly proliferating cells. The stress-induced mutations occur during growth-limiting stress, and can include adaptive mutations that allow growth in the otherwise growth-limiting environment. The stress responses increase mutagenesis specifically when cells are maladapted to their environments, i.e. are stressed, potentially accelerating evolution then. The mutation mechanism also includes temporary suspension of post-synthesis mismatch repair, resembling mutagenesis characteristic of some cancers. Stress-induced mutation mechanisms may provide important models for genome instability underlying some cancers and genetic diseases, resistance to chemotherapeutic and antibiotic drugs, pathogenicity of microbes, and many other important evolutionary processes. This book covers pathways of stress-induced mutagenesis in all systems. The principle focus is mammalian systems, but much of what is known of these pathways comes from non-mammalian systems.

Diversifying Farming Systems for Adaptive Capacity

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Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889717658
Total Pages : 180 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (897 download)

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Book Synopsis Diversifying Farming Systems for Adaptive Capacity by : Timothy Bowles

Download or read book Diversifying Farming Systems for Adaptive Capacity written by Timothy Bowles and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-02-01 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Adaptive Diversification (MPB-48)

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Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691128944
Total Pages : 345 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (911 download)

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Book Synopsis Adaptive Diversification (MPB-48) by : Michael Doebeli

Download or read book Adaptive Diversification (MPB-48) written by Michael Doebeli and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2011-08-21 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Adaptive biological diversification occurs when frequency-dependent selection generates advantages for rare phenotypes and induces a split of an ancestral lineage into multiple descendant lineages. Using adaptive dynamics theory, individual-based simulations, and partial differential equation models, this book illustrates that adaptive diversification due to frequency-dependent ecological interaction is a theoretically ubiquitous phenomenon"--Provided by publisher.

Bacterial Biofilms

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3540754180
Total Pages : 302 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (47 download)

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Book Synopsis Bacterial Biofilms by : Tony Romeo

Download or read book Bacterial Biofilms written by Tony Romeo and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-26 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Throughout the biological world, bacteria thrive predominantly in surface-attached, matrix-enclosed, multicellular communities or biofilms, as opposed to isolated planktonic cells. This choice of lifestyle is not trivial, as it involves major shifts in the use of genetic information and cellular energy, and has profound consequences for bacterial physiology and survival. Growth within a biofilm can thwart immune function and antibiotic therapy and thereby complicate the treatment of infectious diseases, especially chronic and foreign device-associated infections. Modern studies of many important biofilms have advanced well beyond the descriptive stage, and have begun to provide molecular details of the structural, biochemical, and genetic processes that drive biofilm formation and its dispersion. There is much diversity in the details of biofilm development among various species, but there are also commonalities. In most species, environmental and nutritional conditions greatly influence biofilm development. Similar kinds of adhesive molecules often promote biofilm formation in diverse species. Signaling and regulatory processes that drive biofilm development are often conserved, especially among related bacteria. Knowledge of such processes holds great promise for efforts to control biofilm growth and combat biofilm-associated infections. This volume focuses on the biology of biofilms that affect human disease, although it is by no means comprehensive. It opens with chapters that provide the reader with current perspectives on biofilm development, physiology, environmental, and regulatory effects, the role of quorum sensing, and resistance/phenotypic persistence to antimicrobial agents during biofilm growth.

Microcosm

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Publisher : Vintage
ISBN 13 : 0307377563
Total Pages : 257 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (73 download)

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Book Synopsis Microcosm by : Carl Zimmer

Download or read book Microcosm written by Carl Zimmer and published by Vintage. This book was released on 2008-05-06 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Best Book of the YearSeed Magazine • Granta Magazine • The Plain-DealerIn this fascinating and utterly engaging book, Carl Zimmer traces E. coli's pivotal role in the history of biology, from the discovery of DNA to the latest advances in biotechnology. He reveals the many surprising and alarming parallels between E. coli's life and our own. And he describes how E. coli changes in real time, revealing billions of years of history encoded within its genome. E. coli is also the most engineered species on Earth, and as scientists retool this microbe to produce life-saving drugs and clean fuel, they are discovering just how far the definition of life can be stretched.

Multidisciplinary Approaches for Studying and Combating Microbial Pathogens

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Publisher : Universal-Publishers
ISBN 13 : 1627345442
Total Pages : 151 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (273 download)

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Book Synopsis Multidisciplinary Approaches for Studying and Combating Microbial Pathogens by : A. Mendez-Vilas

Download or read book Multidisciplinary Approaches for Studying and Combating Microbial Pathogens written by A. Mendez-Vilas and published by Universal-Publishers. This book was released on 2015-05-08 with total page 151 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Multidisciplinary Approaches for Studying and Combating Microbial Pathogens offers the opportunity to learn about recent findings in the fight against microbial pathogens. This book contains a compilation of papers presented at the III International Conference on Antimicrobial Research (ICAR2014), held in Madrid, Spain, in October 2014. The papers are written by researchers from around the world and focus on several themes: antimicrobial natural products, biofilms, antimicrobial surfaces, antimicrobial resistance, clinical and medical microbiology. Readers will hopefully find this set of papers interesting and representative of the worldwide current knowledge on antimicrobial research.

Microbial Evolution

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781621820376
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (23 download)

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Book Synopsis Microbial Evolution by : Howard Ochman

Download or read book Microbial Evolution written by Howard Ochman and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bacteria have been the dominant forms of life on Earth for the past 3.5 billion years. They rapidly evolve, constantly changing their genetic architecture through horizontal DNA transfer and other mechanisms. Consequently, it can be difficult to define individual species and determine how they are related. Written and edited by experts in the field, this collection from Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology examines how bacteria and other microbes evolve, focusing on insights from genomics-based studies. Contributors discuss the origins of new microbial populations, the evolutionary and ecological mechanisms that keep species separate once they have diverged, and the challenges of constructing phylogenetic trees that accurately reflect their relationships. They describe the organization of microbial genomes, the various mutations that occur, including the birth of new genes de novo and by duplication, and how natural selection acts on those changes. The role of horizontal gene transfer as a strong driver of microbial evolution is emphasized throughout. The authors also explore the geologic evidence for early microbial evolution and describe the use of microbial evolution experiments to examine phenomena like natural selection. This volume will thus be essential reading for all microbial ecologists, population geneticists, and evolutionary biologists.