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Experimental And Numerical Analysis Of The Surfactant Enhanced Aquifer Remediation Of A Residual Dnapl Saturation
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Book Synopsis Experimental and Numerical Analysis of the Surfactant-enhanced Aquifer Remediation of a Residual DNAPL Saturation by : Jan Schaerlaekens
Download or read book Experimental and Numerical Analysis of the Surfactant-enhanced Aquifer Remediation of a Residual DNAPL Saturation written by Jan Schaerlaekens and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Demonstration of Surfactant-Enhanced Aquifer Remediation of Chlorinated Solvent DNAPL at Operable Unit 2, Hill AFB, Utah, Draft Final by :
Download or read book Demonstration of Surfactant-Enhanced Aquifer Remediation of Chlorinated Solvent DNAPL at Operable Unit 2, Hill AFB, Utah, Draft Final written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During 1996 and 1997, five separate partitioning interwell tracer tests (PITTs) were conducted as part of two separate surfactant-enhanced aquifer remediation (SEAR) demonstrations targeting DNAPL (primarily TCE) at Operable Unit 2 (OU2), Hill Air Force Base, Utah. These PITTs were used as a DNAPL characterization tool to accurately determine: 1.) the total aquifer volume swept; 2.) the total amount of DNAPL present in the swept aquifer volume; and, 3.) the average residual saturation present. PITTs were conducted before and after each SEAR demonstration to provide remediation performance assessments and were hydraulically controlled without using sheetpile walls. The successful implementation of field-scale PITTs required an engineering design strategy using conventional characterization activities, laboratory studies, and UTCHEM modeling. The volume sampled by each PITT was on the order of an average of 6500 cu ft (14,000 gallon pore volume). Tracer recoveries ranged from 79% to 92%, indicating that, within experimental error, all of the injected tracers were recovered. The method of temporal moments was used to analyze each PITT, and the resulting DNAPL volume estimates were in close agreement with other measurements (e.g. SEAR DNAPL recoveries and core data estimates). Thus, in sandy alluvium, PITTs are very accurate estimators of DNAPL volumes, and provide an excellent characterization and performance assessment tool for DNAPL remediation efforts. Based on the success of these PITTs, the USAF is currently conducting large-scale PITTs to characterize the entire DNAPL source zone at OU2.
Book Synopsis Groundwater and Soil Cleanup by : National Research Council
Download or read book Groundwater and Soil Cleanup written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-11-21 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a comprehensive, up-to-date review of technologies for cleaning up contaminants in groundwater and soil. It provides a special focus on three classes of contaminants that have proven very difficult to treat once released to the subsurface: metals, radionuclides, and dense nonaqueous-phase liquids such as chlorinated solvents. Groundwater and Soil Cleanup was commissioned by the Department of Energy (DOE) as part of its program to clean up contamination in the nuclear weapons production complex. In addition to a review of remediation technologies, the book describes new trends in regulation of contaminated sites and assesses DOE's program for developing new subsurface cleanup technologies.
Book Synopsis Surfactant-enhanced DNAPL Remediation by : David A. Sabatini
Download or read book Surfactant-enhanced DNAPL Remediation written by David A. Sabatini and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering by : The Organizing Committee of the 16th ICSMGE
Download or read book Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering written by The Organizing Committee of the 16th ICSMGE and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2005-09-12 with total page 3742 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 16th ICSMGE responds to the needs of the engineering and construction community, promoting dialog and exchange between academia and practice in various aspects of soil mechanics and geotechnical engineering. This is reflected in the central theme of the conference 'Geotechnology in Harmony with the Global Environment'. The proceedings of the conference are of great interest for geo-engineers and researchers in soil mechanics and geotechnical engineering. Volume 1 contains 5 plenary session lectures, the Terzaghi Oration, Heritage Lecture, and 3 papers presented in the major project session. Volumes 2, 3, and 4 contain papers with the following topics: Soil mechanics in general; Infrastructure and mobility; Environmental issues of geotechnical engineering; Enhancing natural disaster reduction systems; Professional practice and education. Volume 5 contains the report of practitioner/academic forum, 20 general reports, a summary of the sessions and workshops held during the conference.
Book Synopsis Groundwater and Subsurface Remediation by : Helmut Kobus
Download or read book Groundwater and Subsurface Remediation written by Helmut Kobus and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The complex topic of in-situ subsurface remediation technologies has been ad dressed at an international symposium at the Universitat Stuttgart on September 26 and 27, 1995, on the occasion of the inauguration of the research facility VEGAS (Versuchseinrichtung zur Grundwasser- und Altlastensanierung). The results are contained in this book with 22 contributions from leading experts in the field from Europe and North America. The book illustrates the role of large-scale experiments in groundwater and subsurface remediation research. The subtopics address the various links between conventional laboratory experiments, technology-scale experiments and field-site studies, showing the contribution of large-scale experiments to bridging the gap between small-scale investigations and large-scale field investigations (upscaling). The interdisciplinary nature of the problems requires a multidisciplinary approach. Therefore, the idea has been followed to bring together the various disciplines in volved in the different aspects and facets of subsurface flow, transport and trans as hydraulics and hydrology, physics, formation, involving such diverse disciplines chemistry, microbiology, geology, industrial, chemical and hydraulic engineering, mathematics and hydroinformatics. The individual contributions from these di versified fields address the subject from different angles in an attempt to form a coherent picture of the various aspects of the complex problems of subsurface remediation. The focus is on research approaches and strategies with respect to the development of new and improved technologies and to the role of large-scale experiments in research and application.
Book Synopsis Surfactant-Enhanced DNAPL Removal by :
Download or read book Surfactant-Enhanced DNAPL Removal written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Due to the limitations of conventional groundwater remediation technologies, innovative methods have been sought to enhance the removal of recalcitrant compounds such as trichloroethylene (TCE) and tetrachloroethylene (PCE), which are frequently trapped in the subsurface as dense nonaqueous phase liquids (DNAPLs). Surfactant-Enhanced Aquifer Remediation (SEAR) is one such method, which has been adapted from enhanced oil recovery techniques used by the petroleum industry. It involves sweeping a surfactant solution across the DNAPL-contaminated portion of the aquifer. The surfactants accomplish rapid removal of the DNAPL contaminant by greatly increasing its effective aqueous solubility and by reducing the interfacial tension between the DNAPL and water phases. In field demonstrations conducted to date, up to 99% removal efficiencies have been achieved with just three pore volumes of surfactant followed by water flooding. In a typical remediation scheme, surfactants are used to remediate DNAPL source areas and complement the use of other technologies, such as conventional pump- and -treat systems, for removing the dissolved-phase plumes that are associated with DNAPL source areas. Currently, simple options for remediating DNAPL source areas are limited. Residual DNAPL in an aquifer acts as a continual source of contamination to the groundwater, and site closure cannot be achieved unless the source is removed. This surfactant-based technology will be more cost-effective than conventional pump-and-treat systems and will provide for a more rapid site cleanup.
Download or read book Surfactant Enhancements written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Numerical Investigation of Metabolic Reductive Dechlorination in DNAPL Source Zones by : John Anthony Christ
Download or read book A Numerical Investigation of Metabolic Reductive Dechlorination in DNAPL Source Zones written by John Anthony Christ and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Among the most intractable environmental remediation problems are those involving the release of dense non-aqueous phase liquids (DNAPLs), such as chlorinated solvents, to the subsurface. Research efforts have focused on the use of numerical models to investigate reductions in contaminant concentrations due to partial mass removal and improvements in the performance of complementary source zone remediation technologies. Previous numerical investigations, however, have been limited to two-dimensional systems. Furthermore, a lack of models capable of simulating the most promising complementary technology, metabolic reductive dechlorination, has limited its application. This work developed and applied compositional multiphase numerical simulators to examine the influence of dimensionality (two-dimensions versus three-dimensions) on DNAPL source zone simulations and to investigate the benefits of stimulating metabolic reductive dechlorination at a chlorinated ethene-DNAPL contaminated site. Results from the dimensionality investigation showed that the simulation of DNAPL migration, entrapment, and dissolution in two dimensions provided reasonable approximations to the behavior simulated in three dimensions. Commonly employed saturation distribution and mass recovery metrics were approximately equivalent. Flux- averaged concentrations simulated in two dimensions, however, tended to be three to four times higher than those simulated in three dimensions. This difference was attributed to dilution at the down gradient boundary. An alternative metric, mass flux reduction, however, yielded better agreement.
Book Synopsis Contaminants in the Subsurface by : National Research Council
Download or read book Contaminants in the Subsurface written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2005-04-23 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At hundreds of thousands of commercial, industrial, and military sites across the country, subsurface materials including groundwater are contaminated with chemical waste. The last decade has seen growing interest in using aggressive source remediation technologies to remove contaminants from the subsurface, but there is limited understanding of (1) the effectiveness of these technologies and (2) the overall effect of mass removal on groundwater quality. This report reviews the suite of technologies available for source remediation and their ability to reach a variety of cleanup goals, from meeting regulatory standards for groundwater to reducing costs. The report proposes elements of a protocol for accomplishing source remediation that should enable project managers to decide whether and how to pursue source remediation at their sites.
Book Synopsis Computational Stochastic Mechanics by : P.D. Spanos
Download or read book Computational Stochastic Mechanics written by P.D. Spanos and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1999-11-09 with total page 628 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of the June, 1998 conference. Seventy contributions discuss Monte Carlo and signal processing methods, random vibrations, safety and reliability, control/optimization and modeling of nonlinearity, earthquake engineering, random processes and fields, damage/fatigue materials, applied prob
Book Synopsis Surfactant Enhanced Aquifer Remediation of a DNAPL Site, Portsmouth, Ohio by : Nichole L. Case
Download or read book Surfactant Enhanced Aquifer Remediation of a DNAPL Site, Portsmouth, Ohio written by Nichole L. Case and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis DNAPL Site Evaluation by : James W. Mercer
Download or read book DNAPL Site Evaluation written by James W. Mercer and published by CRC-Press. This book was released on 1993-04-29 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: DNAPL Site Evaluation covers long-term contamination of ground water by DNAPL (dense non-aqueous phase liquids) chemicals. The book develops a framework for planning and implementing DNAPL site characterization activities. It provides detailed methods to identify, characterize, and monitor sites and analyzes their utility, limitations, risks, availability, and cost. Methods to interpret contaminant fate and transport are identified, and new site characterization methods are assessed. DNAPL Site Evaluation will maximize the cost-effectiveness of site investigation/remediation by providing the best information available to describe and evaluate methods to be used for determining the presence, fate, and transport of subsurface DNAPL contamination. The book will be a useful reference for groundwater professionals and environmental regulatory personnel.
Book Synopsis Groundwater and Subsurface Remediation by : Helmut Kobus
Download or read book Groundwater and Subsurface Remediation written by Helmut Kobus and published by Springer. This book was released on 1996 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The complex topic of in-situ subsurface remediation technologies has been ad dressed at an international symposium at the Universitat Stuttgart on September 26 and 27, 1995, on the occasion of the inauguration of the research facility VEGAS (Versuchseinrichtung zur Grundwasser- und Altlastensanierung). The results are contained in this book with 22 contributions from leading experts in the field from Europe and North America. The book illustrates the role of large-scale experiments in groundwater and subsurface remediation research. The subtopics address the various links between conventional laboratory experiments, technology-scale experiments and field-site studies, showing the contribution of large-scale experiments to bridging the gap between small-scale investigations and large-scale field investigations (upscaling). The interdisciplinary nature of the problems requires a multidisciplinary approach. Therefore, the idea has been followed to bring together the various disciplines in volved in the different aspects and facets of subsurface flow, transport and trans as hydraulics and hydrology, physics, formation, involving such diverse disciplines chemistry, microbiology, geology, industrial, chemical and hydraulic engineering, mathematics and hydroinformatics. The individual contributions from these di versified fields address the subject from different angles in an attempt to form a coherent picture of the various aspects of the complex problems of subsurface remediation. The focus is on research approaches and strategies with respect to the development of new and improved technologies and to the role of large-scale experiments in research and application.
Book Synopsis Alternatives for Managing the Nation's Complex Contaminated Groundwater Sites by : National Research Council
Download or read book Alternatives for Managing the Nation's Complex Contaminated Groundwater Sites written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-02-27 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Across the United States, thousands of hazardous waste sites are contaminated with chemicals that prevent the underlying groundwater from meeting drinking water standards. These include Superfund sites and other facilities that handle and dispose of hazardous waste, active and inactive dry cleaners, and leaking underground storage tanks; many are at federal facilities such as military installations. While many sites have been closed over the past 30 years through cleanup programs run by the U.S. Department of Defense, the U.S. EPA, and other state and federal agencies, the remaining caseload is much more difficult to address because the nature of the contamination and subsurface conditions make it difficult to achieve drinking water standards in the affected groundwater. Alternatives for Managing the Nation's Complex Contaminated Groundwater Sites estimates that at least 126,000 sites across the U.S. still have contaminated groundwater, and their closure is expected to cost at least $110 billion to $127 billion. About 10 percent of these sites are considered "complex," meaning restoration is unlikely to be achieved in the next 50 to 100 years due to technological limitations. At sites where contaminant concentrations have plateaued at levels above cleanup goals despite active efforts, the report recommends evaluating whether the sites should transition to long-term management, where risks would be monitored and harmful exposures prevented, but at reduced costs.
Book Synopsis Chlorinated Solvent Source Zone Remediation by : Bernard H. Kueper
Download or read book Chlorinated Solvent Source Zone Remediation written by Bernard H. Kueper and published by Springer Science & Business. This book was released on 2014-04-22 with total page 759 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this book is to help engineers and scientists better understand dense nonaqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) contamination of groundwater and the methods and technology used for characterization and remediation. Remediation of DNAPL source zones is very difficult and controversial and must be based on state-of-the-art knowledge of the behavior (transport and fate) of nonaqueous phase liquids in the subsurface and site specific geology, chemistry and hydrology. This volume is focused on the characterization and remediation of nonaqueous phase chlorinated solvents and it is hoped that mid-level engineers and scientists will find this book helpful in understanding the current state-of-practice of DNAPL source zone management and remediation.
Book Synopsis Surfactant-enhanced Subsurface Remediation by : David A. Sabatini
Download or read book Surfactant-enhanced Subsurface Remediation written by David A. Sabatini and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a timely and thorough review of surfactant-based remediation technologies. Covers fundamental mechanistic studies to scale-up and process modeling and full-scale field implementation studies. Summarizes the technical, economic, and sociopolitical issues affecting widespread implementation of these technologies. Includes contributions from academic and industrial researchers as well as regulatory personnel.
