Examining The Process And Impact Of Parent Affiliate Stigma On Raising A Child With Asd In African American Families

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Examining the Process and Impact of Parent Affiliate Stigma on Raising a Child with ASD in African American Families

Author : Allysa N. Ware
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)

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Book Synopsis Examining the Process and Impact of Parent Affiliate Stigma on Raising a Child with ASD in African American Families by : Allysa N. Ware

Download or read book Examining the Process and Impact of Parent Affiliate Stigma on Raising a Child with ASD in African American Families written by Allysa N. Ware and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a lifelong developmental disorder that affects children in the areas of behavior, communication and socialization. Currently, 1 in 44 children across the U.S. has an ASD. Displays of behaviors that depart from social norms can lead to the social stigmatization of children with ASD, which can extend to parents and caregivers. Consequently, these parents or caregivers may become the subject of negative social reactions and alienation or affiliate stigma. This affiliate stigma can contribute to parents' feelings of stress and mental health challenges. Research demonstrates that stigmatization of individuals with ASD is present in the African American community and exerts negative effects on the well-being of children with ASD and their families. However, most of the research has not yet adequately examined the relationship between the stigma process and parental efforts in raising a child with ASD for African American families. Grounded in Link and Phelan's conceptualizations on how social stereotyping contributes to stigmatization, Kinnear and colleagues studied the process of parents' difficulties with stigma and its impact on their difficulties in raising a child with ASD. However, Kinnear's sample population was mostly racially white (84.5%). Consequently, this study aimed to close the gap in research by examining whether there is a significant relationship between parental difficulties with stigma in relation to African American parental difficulties in raising a child with ASD. This cross-sectional study involved primary data collection through an online survey. A sample of 2,276 African American adult parents was recruited through national disability and autism-specific organizations. Study hypotheses were tested using multiple regression analyses (MRA) with selected controls. For African American study participants, parental perceptions of stereotypes, family isolation, and family exclusion did not impact their difficulty of raising a child with ASD in the full replicated model. However, when the targeted dependent variable was changed within the model process, only family isolation did not predict difficulty of raising a child with ASD. Social workers and other mental health professionals can benefit from an increased understanding of the relationship between the stigma process and difficulty with raising a child with ASD that this study provides. Further discussion on study findings with an expanded model, implications for practice, limitations, and recommendations for future research are presented as well.

Autism Spectrum Disorder Diagnosis from the African American Parents’ Perspective

Author : Alexis Danielle McCoy
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (14 download)

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Book Synopsis Autism Spectrum Disorder Diagnosis from the African American Parents’ Perspective by : Alexis Danielle McCoy

Download or read book Autism Spectrum Disorder Diagnosis from the African American Parents’ Perspective written by Alexis Danielle McCoy and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this study was to attempt to understand the ASD diagnosis of an African American child by sharing the voices of parents that have navigated the diagnosis process. The following research questions framed the study: how do African American parents describe their experiences related to obtaining a diagnosis for their child with an ASD and I n what ways do these experiences help to explain factors that affect ASD diagnosis for African American children? Twelve African American parents participated in this instrumental case study that utilized interviews, a parent needs assessment and a review of archival data. The themes that connected the experiences of those in the sample were the conviction that there was something not right, the drive to learn more about ASD, the desire to put the child first, and an understanding of how difficult ASD is for the African American community. The findings highlighted the impact of access to healthcare, quality evaluations, and the impact of the parent. Through analyzing the experiences of African American parents with a child with ASD the data provides previously unrecorded access into the journey from the vantage point of parents.

Relationships and Predictions of Marital Quality and Stress Among African American Parents of Children with and Without Autism Spectrum Disorder

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Author : Sharese M. Martin
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (973 download)

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Book Synopsis Relationships and Predictions of Marital Quality and Stress Among African American Parents of Children with and Without Autism Spectrum Disorder by : Sharese M. Martin

Download or read book Relationships and Predictions of Marital Quality and Stress Among African American Parents of Children with and Without Autism Spectrum Disorder written by Sharese M. Martin and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD), the most rapidly growing childhood disability in America, affects people of all ethnicities, social classes, and genders. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) not only impacts the person who is diagnosed, but the entire family system. For instance, parenting a child with ASD has been linked with elevated parental stress and decreased marital quality. Although ASD awareness has recently increased, research is lacking in non-dominant populations such as African Americans. This study addresses the gaps in literature pertaining to African American parents of children with ASD. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships and predictions of marital quality and stress among African American parents of children with and without ASD. Pearson’s chi-squares, Fisher’s exact tests, and binary logistic regressions were employed as statistical analyses for investigating the data from the 2011-2012 National Survey of Children’s Health (NSCH) (CAHMI, 2012c). According to the findings, a statistically significant relationship occurred in divorce rates between 65,115 Caucasian parents of children with and without ASD. However, there was not a statistically significant relationship in divorce rates between the 7,085 African American parents of children with and without ASD. Likewise, results indicated no statistical significant relationships existed between 3,548 married African American parents of children with and without ASD and marital quality. Findings also revealed no statistical significant relationship among 48 African American parents of children with ASD, children’s levels of ASD severity, and parents’ marital quality. Parent-related and child-related stressors were used to predict membership of parents with children and without ASD. Using logistic regression analysis with 693 participants, the largest statistically significant predictors for having a child with ASD were child-related stressors including (a) increased needs and demands and (b) child’s problems. The next largest statistically significant predictors for a parent having a child with ASD (n = 3,587) were parent-related stressors including (a) coping and perceived challenges and (b) health care access and quality. Limitations of the current study, clinical implications, and directions for future research were discussed.

The Resistance, Persistence and Resilience of Black Families Raising Children with Autism

Author : Elizabeth Drame
Publisher : Peter Lang Incorporated, International Academic Publishers
ISBN 13 : 9781433174186
Total Pages : 210 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (741 download)

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Book Synopsis The Resistance, Persistence and Resilience of Black Families Raising Children with Autism by : Elizabeth Drame

Download or read book The Resistance, Persistence and Resilience of Black Families Raising Children with Autism written by Elizabeth Drame and published by Peter Lang Incorporated, International Academic Publishers. This book was released on 2020-03-20 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Resistance, Persistence and Resilience of Black Families Raising Children with Autism presents nuanced perspectives in the form of counternarratives of what Black families who have children with autism experience at the intersection of race, class, disability and gender. It intentionally centers the expertise of Black parents, challenging what is considered knowledge, whose knowledge counts, and how knowledge can be co-generated for learning, sharing and advocacy. The book speaks directly to Black parents on the autism journey. To right systemic racial inequities and to cultivate culturally responsive practices, it is critical for practitioners and professionals to understand what is known about Black families' experiences with autism in general and how these experiences differ because of our intersecting identities. University faculty and students in programs involving medicine, speech and language pathology, occupational therapy, nursing, political science, school psychology, teaching, special education and leadership can benefit from the wisdom offered by these parents. This text is perfect for several courses, including those in departments of anthropology, women and gender studies, health sciences, psychology, special education, teacher education and administrative leadership. In addition, given the uniquely Black perspective presented in the text, this text is relevant to other fields, including ethnic studies, cultural studies, urban studies and African American studies. It is relevant to individuals who wish to better understand how issues of race and intra-racial differences shape lived experiences with disability in American society.

Empowering Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Author : Amanda Webster
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9811020841
Total Pages : 258 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Empowering Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder by : Amanda Webster

Download or read book Empowering Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder written by Amanda Webster and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-10-26 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents an international research-based framework that has empowered parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) to become critical decision makers to actively guide their child’s learning and self-advocacy. Parents can use this framework to identify their child’s vision and dreams, and to work with educators and service providers to establish specific learning goals and to implement effective interventions and programs that enable their child to achieve those goals and realise their vision for the future. The book begins by reviewing available research on evidence-based practice for children with ASD and outlining the Cycle of Learning decision-making framework for parents and professionals. Throughout the remainder of the book, case studies are presented to illustrate the ways in which different parents have successfully utilised this framework to develop effective plans for their child and to advocate for learning and education programs for both their child and other children with ASD in school and community settings. In addition, it highlights concrete examples of how parents have used the framework to empower their children with ASD to develop their self-awareness and self-determination, and to be able to self-advocate as they move through adolescence and into adult life.

Examining Family Processes in Families of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder During the Transitions to Adolescence and Adulthood

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Author : James Barnard McCauley
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780438930261
Total Pages : 76 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (32 download)

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Book Synopsis Examining Family Processes in Families of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder During the Transitions to Adolescence and Adulthood by : James Barnard McCauley

Download or read book Examining Family Processes in Families of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder During the Transitions to Adolescence and Adulthood written by James Barnard McCauley and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Developmental science has established the influence of the parent-child relationship on the development of social behavior, autonomy, and mental health across the lifespan. However, there have been few attempts to investigate the characteristics and the developmental outcomes associated with the parent-child relationship in families of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). To address this clinically significant gap in the literature, the current dissertation used an observational coding method, commonly used in family research in typically developing populations, to characterize the parent-child relationship in families of children with ASD in preadolescence and in young adulthood. Study one compared the parent-child interaction characteristics between families of children with ASD and families of typically developing children aged 8 to 12 years old. It also examined the associations between the interaction characteristics and child mental health and autism symptoms. The levels of parent and child positivity and parent control were coded from interactions during a structured discussion task, and parents reported on temperament and mental health symptoms in their children. Study two examined the characteristics of the parent-young adult relationship in families of individuals with ASD. It also examined the degree to which relationship characteristics were associated with improvements in adaptive behavior and mental health symptoms resulting from an intervention targeting coping skills relevant to independent living. Eleven young adults with ASD and their parent participated in a structured discussion about the young adult's autonomy and living situation and were given standardized questionnaires before and after the intervention. The discussions were coded for levels of positivity and control in parents and children. The findings of this dissertation advance our understanding of the features of parent-child interactions that help support individuals with autism during the critical transitions to adolescence and adulthood.

Stigmatism Internalized by Parents of Children with Autism and Coping Mechanisms to Combat Its Effects

Author : Deidre Sudderth
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 126 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (915 download)

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Book Synopsis Stigmatism Internalized by Parents of Children with Autism and Coping Mechanisms to Combat Its Effects by : Deidre Sudderth

Download or read book Stigmatism Internalized by Parents of Children with Autism and Coping Mechanisms to Combat Its Effects written by Deidre Sudderth and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Autism is a disorder that impairs a child's communication and social interaction, and causes the development of stereotypic or repetitive behaviors or interests. As autism increases in prevalence, it becomes significantly more important to focus research on how this disorder impacts children and their families. As parents play a key role in a child's development, it is necessary to investigate the unique challenges faced by parents of children with autism, and of additional concern is whether the parents face stigmatization as a result of bearing and raising their child with autism. This study primarily explored the experience of parenting a child with autism, and specifically investigated the internalization of stigma on families because of their child's diagnosis. Secondly, the author identified recent and different coping styles that have been helpful to families with children with autism compared to studies completed more than 10 years ago. Additionally, theory has been applied to the particular experiences of the participants in this study. Next, integration of qualitative data from participant surveys into a broad conceptualization of the manifestation of stigma in parents of children with autism was completed. Finally, the author provided recommendations for professionals working with the population of autism, and acted as an impetus for future research. Autism certainly is stigmatized amongst parents and families of children with autism. One of the main findings of this study was the variation in the perceptions of stigma among parents. Parents were noted to feel depressed, misunderstood, guilty, and even isolated. Additionally, families including children with and without autism specified that the siblings of a child with autism were helpful, kind, embarrassed, and sometimes neglectful. While some parents (47%) felt stigmatized by their child's condition and experienced negative emotionality because of it, 52% contrastingly denied internalizing stigma. However, parents who have utilized coping strategies such as meditation, research on autism, and prayer experienced less negative emotions. Overall, parenting a child with autism or being associated with a child with autism, as a family member, can lead to 'associated stigma' which causes negative emotionality if internalized.

Handbook of Parent-Implemented Interventions for Very Young Children with Autism

Author : Michael Siller
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9783030081515
Total Pages : 520 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (815 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Parent-Implemented Interventions for Very Young Children with Autism by : Michael Siller

Download or read book Handbook of Parent-Implemented Interventions for Very Young Children with Autism written by Michael Siller and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-09-06 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook offers practical strategies and evidence-based parent-implemented interventions for very young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). It explores this important subject within the context of rapidly increasing numbers of toddlers who are diagnosed with ASD during the second year of life. The handbook discusses how parents of young children with ASD can effectively be supported, taught, and coached to implement evidence-based parenting strategies and intervention techniques, and describes a broad range of developmentally appropriate programs at the family, community, and service delivery levels. In addition, the handbook examines individual differences in parenting cognitions, emotions, and practices and proposes strategies for supporting the varying capacities of diverse families to meet the needs of young children with ASD. Chapters provide diverse coverage, spanning cultural/socio-economic differences as well as differences in family structure; parenting cognitions, emotions, and practices; parental learning styles; and access to social support. Featured topics include: Supporting families of high-risk infants who have an older sibling with ASD. The use of video feedback strategies in parent-mediated early ASD intervention. The Incredible Years (IY) Parent Program for preschool children with ASD and language delays. Self-help for parents of children with ASD. The Family Implemented TEACCH for Toddlers (FITT) support model. Parent-implemented interventions for underserved families in Taiwan. Family and provider-based interventions in South Asia. The Handbook of Parent-Implemented Interventions for Very Young Children with Autism is a must-have resource for researchers, clinicians/professionals, and graduate students in clinical child, school, and developmental psychology, family studies, behavioral therapy, and social work as well as rehabilitation medicine/therapy, child and adolescent psychiatry, pediatrics, and special education/educational psychology.

The Relation of ASD Symptom Severity and Typically-developing Sibling Behaviors Through Parental Expressed Emotion

Author : Aurora H. Brinkman
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (12 download)

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Book Synopsis The Relation of ASD Symptom Severity and Typically-developing Sibling Behaviors Through Parental Expressed Emotion by : Aurora H. Brinkman

Download or read book The Relation of ASD Symptom Severity and Typically-developing Sibling Behaviors Through Parental Expressed Emotion written by Aurora H. Brinkman and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Caregivers of children with ASD experience greater stress, psychopathology, and social isolation than caregivers of typically-developing (TD) children or those with other disorders. They also may be more likely to experience expressed emotion (EE), which is characterized by criticism/hostility and emotional overinvolvement toward their child, as well as affiliate stigma (e.g., marginalization, devaluation, discrimination), as a result of having a child with ASD. TD siblings of children with ASD often experience more negative functioning than siblings of individuals without a developmental disorder, particularly in the presence of certain moderators or mediators. The current study examined ASD symptom severity, parental affiliate stigma (affective, behavioral, and cognitive), parental expressed emotion (criticism and emotional overinvolvement), and TD sibling behaviors (externalizing and internalizing) using a moderated mediation model. Data from a larger completed study was used that included 120 caregivers of a child with ASD, with 55 of the caregivers also having at least one TD child. Caregivers completed a demographic questionnaire and measures assessing their own affiliate stigma and EE as well as ASD symptom severity of their child with ASD and behavior of their TD child. It was hypothesized that ASD symptom severity would be positively correlated with parental EE and with TD sibling externalizing and internalizing behaviors and that affiliate stigma would be positively correlated with EE. These hypotheses were supported. It was also hypothesized that affiliate stigma would exacerbate the relation between ASD symptoms severity and parental EE. This hypothesis was not supported. It was expected that ASD symptom severity would relate to TD sibling externalizing and internalizing behaviors through parental EE and that the magnitude of this mediation would depend on levels of affiliate stigma. These hypotheses were not supported. Findings from this study may increase understanding of factors that affect psychosocial functioning in families with children with ASD and TD children to allow clinicians to improve outcomes for all family members. Limitations of the current study included self-report data, limited diversity in the sample, and the use of cross-sectional data. Future research will help further understand how affiliate stigma and expressed emotion affect families of children with ASD.

Parenting Matters

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309388570
Total Pages : 525 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis Parenting Matters by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Parenting Matters written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-11-21 with total page 525 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Decades of research have demonstrated that the parent-child dyad and the environment of the familyâ€"which includes all primary caregiversâ€"are at the foundation of children's well- being and healthy development. From birth, children are learning and rely on parents and the other caregivers in their lives to protect and care for them. The impact of parents may never be greater than during the earliest years of life, when a child's brain is rapidly developing and when nearly all of her or his experiences are created and shaped by parents and the family environment. Parents help children build and refine their knowledge and skills, charting a trajectory for their health and well-being during childhood and beyond. The experience of parenting also impacts parents themselves. For instance, parenting can enrich and give focus to parents' lives; generate stress or calm; and create any number of emotions, including feelings of happiness, sadness, fulfillment, and anger. Parenting of young children today takes place in the context of significant ongoing developments. These include: a rapidly growing body of science on early childhood, increases in funding for programs and services for families, changing demographics of the U.S. population, and greater diversity of family structure. Additionally, parenting is increasingly being shaped by technology and increased access to information about parenting. Parenting Matters identifies parenting knowledge, attitudes, and practices associated with positive developmental outcomes in children ages 0-8; universal/preventive and targeted strategies used in a variety of settings that have been effective with parents of young children and that support the identified knowledge, attitudes, and practices; and barriers to and facilitators for parents' use of practices that lead to healthy child outcomes as well as their participation in effective programs and services. This report makes recommendations directed at an array of stakeholders, for promoting the wide-scale adoption of effective programs and services for parents and on areas that warrant further research to inform policy and practice. It is meant to serve as a roadmap for the future of parenting policy, research, and practice in the United States.

Cultural Perspectives on Autism Spectrum Disorder

Author : Kelda Earleen
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (689 download)

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Book Synopsis Cultural Perspectives on Autism Spectrum Disorder by : Kelda Earleen

Download or read book Cultural Perspectives on Autism Spectrum Disorder written by Kelda Earleen and published by . This book was released on 2023-11-09 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prevalence rates for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) suggest rates continue to increase, with recent data indicating 1 in 68 children diagnosed with the disorder. Interventions may prove beneficial for both the core symptoms of the disorder and related deficits, although data indicate that effects are stronger with early intervention (e.g., prior to four years old). Unfortunately, many children are undiagnosed until they are school age. Additionally, a number of findings indicate that in comparison to Caucasian children, African American children receive an ASD diagnosis later and less often. The current study examined the role of race/ethnicity on 119 mothers' knowledge about autism spectrum disorder, interpretation of symptomology consistent with ASD (e.g., labeling the child, level of concern, helpful services), attitudes towards mental health services, and trust in providers. Participants were exposed to a vignette of a child displaying typical developmental behavior, mild ASD symptomology, or moderate-to-severe ASD symptomology. Participants indicated their perception of the child's behaviors either as indicative of normal development, a medical disorder, a developmental disorder, an intellectual disorder, or an emotional disorder. Participants then completed measures of ASD knowledge, help seeking attitudes, and provider stigma. In comparison to Caucasians, African Americans displayed less ASD knowledge, were less able to identify a child with ASD symptoms as having the disorder, and held more biases toward medical clinicians. Inconsistent with previous studies, racial/ethnic differences were not found for attitudes of mental health stigma and help seeking intentions. Implications of findings are discussed

Family Experiences in the Context of Broad Autism Phenotype

Author : Jennifer M. Putney
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (135 download)

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Book Synopsis Family Experiences in the Context of Broad Autism Phenotype by : Jennifer M. Putney

Download or read book Family Experiences in the Context of Broad Autism Phenotype written by Jennifer M. Putney and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Little research has examined the adaptive processes and co-parenting behaviors in the context of broad autism phenotype (BAP). The overarching goal of my dissertation research was to enhance the understanding of how BAP is associated with parent-couple and co-parenting relationship quality. This research draws from a sample of families of a child with ASD (N = 189) and a comparison group of families (N = 185) parenting typically developing children (without neurodevelopmental disabilities). The first study examined the association of actor and partner effects of BAP characteristics (aloofness, pragmatic language, and rigidity) for mothers and fathers on positive and negative dyadic coping behaviors. Results suggested that BAP characteristics were present across parenting groups with parents in the ASD group reporting higher BAP characteristics than parents in the comparison group. Findings indicated that actor rigidity (one's own) was a significant predictor of lower levels of positive dyadic coping and higher levels of negative dyadic coping. Actor aloofness was also significantly associated with lower levels of positive dyadic coping. The second examined the role of BAP on the co-parenting relationship and children's co-occurring emotional and behavioral problems among parents of children with ASD. Findings suggested that BAP is associated with lower levels of co-parenting relationship quality through actor and partner pathways. For fathers, co-parenting relationship quality was a partial mediator of parental BAP on children's co-occurring emotional and behavioral problems. Study implications and future directions are discussed.Keywords: broad autism phenotype, autism, co-parenting relationship quality, dyadic coping

Parenting Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Author : Kayla Renee Breeden
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (115 download)

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Book Synopsis Parenting Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder by : Kayla Renee Breeden

Download or read book Parenting Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder written by Kayla Renee Breeden and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The current study examines how children with Autism Spectrum Disorder's symptom behaviors, enacted stigma, and race influences their parents' experiences with stress. 50 parents and guardians of children with ASD completed an online survey with 93-items composed of four sections: (1) demographic data, (2) symptom behaviors experienced by their child, (3) enacted stigma, and (4) parental stress. The purpose of the current study was to (a) evaluate the differences of ASD symptom behaviors, enacted stigma, and parental stress between minority and non-minority racial groups, and (b) examine whether the symptom behaviors and enacted stigma of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder influence the parental stress experienced by their mothers/fathers. The current study found that there was no significant difference in parents' reports of the symptom behaviors experienced by their children, enacted stigma, and parental stress among parents with non-minority and minority children. The current study also found that although child's race was not a significant predictor of parental stress, the child symptom behaviors and enacted stigma were both significant predictors of parental stress.

Comprehensive Guide to Autism

Author : Vinood B. Patel
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9781461447870
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (478 download)

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Book Synopsis Comprehensive Guide to Autism by : Vinood B. Patel

Download or read book Comprehensive Guide to Autism written by Vinood B. Patel and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-10-15 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Autism is a complex multifaceted disorder affecting neurodevelopment during the early years of life and, for many, throughout the life span. Inherent features include difficulties or deficits in communication, social interaction, cognition, and interpersonal behavioral coordination, to name just a few. Autism profoundly impacts the affected individual, the family, and, in many cases, the localized communities. The increased prevalence of childhood autism has resulted in rapid developments in a wide range of disciplines in recent years. Nevertheless, despite intensive research, the cause(s) remain unresolved and no single treatment strategy is employed. To address these issues, Comprehensive Guide to Autism is an all-embracing reference that offers analyses and discussions of contemporary issues in the field of autism. The work brings together scientific material from leading experts in the field relating to a wide range of important current topics, such as the early identification and treatment of children with autism, pertinent social and behavioral studies, recent developments in genetics and immunology, the influence of diet, models of autism, and future treatment prospects. Comprehensive Guide to Autism contains essential readings for behavioral science researchers, psychologists, physicians, social workers, parents, and caregivers.

Longitudinal Outcomes of Toddlers at High-Risk for Autism Spectrum Disorder

Author : Cristiana Michele Vattuone
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 94 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (128 download)

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Book Synopsis Longitudinal Outcomes of Toddlers at High-Risk for Autism Spectrum Disorder by : Cristiana Michele Vattuone

Download or read book Longitudinal Outcomes of Toddlers at High-Risk for Autism Spectrum Disorder written by Cristiana Michele Vattuone and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders with recent surveillance efforts estimating that 1 in 44 children are affected (CDC, 2021). ASD symptoms manifest early in life at different rates through infancy and toddlerhood, with diagnosis reliably available by 3 years of age. Our increased ability to identify and diagnose children with ASD has resulted in a strong research base of highly effective evidence-based practices for the early treatment of ASD symptoms. Parenting a child with ASD presents a unique set of challenges that may influence personal wellbeing and the family system. Elevated stress in parents of children with ASD is well indicated in the literature and has been associated with mental health outcomes related to anxiety, depression, and diminished self-efficacy, and can impact treatment efficacy in parent-mediated intervention practices. The unique complexities associated with raising a child with ASD put parents at greater risk, warranting a closer examination into the characteristics associated with stress and potentially sensitive periods of stress throughout development as it relates to raising a child at high-risk. Despite advancement in early treatment practices for children with ASD, the long-term outcomes of infants at high-risk and their families is less understood in the literature. Thus, the current study aimed to examine long-term outcomes of toddlers at-risk for ASD and their caregivers. The study follows from an earlier treatment trial on promoting development in young children with communication delays (Kasari, Siller, Huynh, Shih, & Swanson, et al., 2014). High-risk toddlers aged 15 to 30 months demonstrated a communication delay, exhibited early signs and symptoms consistent with ASD, and screened positive on ASD risk measures (n=40). Toddlers and their caregivers were followed across a 12-month period from baseline to 36-months of age at which time the initial autism diagnostic evaluation was administered (Phase 1). Approximatley half of the original sample from Site 1 (n=18) participated in the five year follow up study when participants were in middle childhood (mean=8.03 years) (Phase 2). Methods: The goal of the study was to prospectively examine longitudinal outcomes of infants at high-risk for ASD and their caregivers. The first aim of the study was to examine cognitive, behavioral and clinical outcomes in toddlers at high-risk for ASD over time including: developmental patterns of cognitive growth over time using DQ measured across five timepoints, stability of ASD diagnostic status (autism, autism spectrum, non-spectrum), and stability of ASD severity as indicated on standardized ADOS Comparison Severity Scores. The second aim of the study was to examine parental stress and wellbeing as it relates to child and parent characteristics across potentially sensitive developmental stages, including identification and diagnosis (Phase 1) and entry into the early school years (Phase 2). Lastly, the third aim of the study was to examine perceived social support and positive perceptions of parenting as a protective factor to mitigating parenting stress of raising a child at high-risk for ASD. Results: The analyses yielded three main findings: (1) Early identification, diagnosis and treatment seem critical for optimal outcomes for toddlers at high-risk for ASD as the entire sample of high-risk infants showed significant improvement in cognitive gains over time with more ABA early intervention hours being associated with significantly greater improvement in cognitive gains over time. Three distinct growth patterns emerged in toddlers at high-risk for ASD: (1) inclining; (2) stable; and (3) slowing-plateauing. Further, membership in these groups was significantly associated with ASD diagnostic status with a clear increasing trend in DQ over time for both non-spectrum and autism spectrum groups, with the autism group demonstrating a much slower trend over time with initially inclining then slight slowing-plateauing trend in DQ over time. (2) Participants in the sample demonstrated stable diagnostic status over time (autism, autism spectrum, non-spectrum) and stable severity over time with small groups demonstrating increasing or decreasing severity over time. (3) Parents of children with ASD experienced elevated levels of parenting stress across time attributed to child characteristics of dysregulation in infancy and toddlerhood (Phase 1), and dysregulation and problem behavior in middle childhood (Phase 2). Despite persistently high levels of parenting stress, positive perceptions of parenting and perceived support from a significant other were protective factors in mitigating parenting stress associated with raising a child at high-risk.

Parent Outcomes in Group Intervention for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Author : Odette Weiss
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (136 download)

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Book Synopsis Parent Outcomes in Group Intervention for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder by : Odette Weiss

Download or read book Parent Outcomes in Group Intervention for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder written by Odette Weiss and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It has been shown that having a child with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) impacts parents in many ways. However, there is limited research examining changes of these impacts over time, especially in the context of childrens intervention. This study examined changes in personal wellbeing, family quality of life, mental health issues, and parenting stress in 178 parents of children with ASD receiving a group behavioural intervention. The groups had varying levels of parent involvement, which was also considered, along with differences between mothers and fathers. Data were collected via questionnaires administered at the beginning, end, and at a 9- to 11-week follow-up of the group intervention. Overall, there were significant improvements in mental health issues and parenting stress from the beginning to the end of the group. While there were no differences between mothers and fathers with regard to changes over time, some relevant differences were noted in their baseline scores. The group with higher parent involvement showed significantly better improvements in personal wellbeing, family quality of life, and parenting stress than the lower involvement group. Possible mechanisms of change in the outcome variables were also examined. At follow-up, all gains in the outcome variables were maintained. The findings suggest that group behavioural interventions for children with ASD can have a positive impact on parents, and that groups with greater parent involvement offer even more benefit. Importantly, these changes are maintained beyond the end of the group. The mechanisms by which improvements are seen suggest aspects that could be incorporated by childrens service providers.

A Phenomenological Study of Parents Accessing and Receiving Professional Care for Their Child with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) During the COVID-19 Outbreak in Washington State

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Author : Patrick M. Barry
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)

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Book Synopsis A Phenomenological Study of Parents Accessing and Receiving Professional Care for Their Child with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) During the COVID-19 Outbreak in Washington State by : Patrick M. Barry

Download or read book A Phenomenological Study of Parents Accessing and Receiving Professional Care for Their Child with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) During the COVID-19 Outbreak in Washington State written by Patrick M. Barry and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: COVID-19 changes and restrictions have necessitated a change in the way schools, mental health providers, medical providers, and other educational and therapy services provide for children with autism. This study explores, in-depth, the experience of parents of children with ASD as they have navigated the COVID-19 required changes to professional treatment and services for children with ASD and their families. Research suggests that raising a child with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) can be an overwhelming experience for parents and families, and greater family burden is positively associated with the number of unmet professional help service needs. As services were moved to online or discontinued during COVID-19 in Washington state, participants experienced a reduced access to care and describe in this study how it impacted their families. Specifically, parents and children preferred professional supports that were in person and when treating the child, participants appreciated a whole family approach where they were included in the therapy process but were not compelled to provide the therapy. Parents added that the further isolation that lockdowns, move to online therapies, online schooling, and shutting down of parks, and other venues had an outsized negative impact on them and their family. The systemic family impact of the COVID-19 mitigation efforts by providers of professional supports were significant to parents and varied across delivery methods, age of the children, parental transgenerational challenges, and other significant factors.