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Examining The Perceived Effects Of Kindergarten Retention On Students School Performance
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Book Synopsis Examining the Perceived Effects of Kindergarten Retention on Students' School Performance by : Julie Khemrajie Jailall
Download or read book Examining the Perceived Effects of Kindergarten Retention on Students' School Performance written by Julie Khemrajie Jailall and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Keywords: retention, kindergarten, early childhood, early intervention, third grade, promotion, social promotion.
Book Synopsis Examining the Perceived Effects of Kindergarten Retention on Students' School Performance: How Students Fare Three Years Later in the Third Grade by :
Download or read book Examining the Perceived Effects of Kindergarten Retention on Students' School Performance: How Students Fare Three Years Later in the Third Grade written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a qualitative case study that investigates the practice of kindergarten retention by examining the performance of third grade students who were retained in their kindergarten year for failing to master prescribed grade-level standards. The sample of this study was composed of five third-grade students who had been retained in kindergarten and whose performance in school was still below the third-grade level. Data for this study was collected from four sources: (a) interviews with the five third-grade students, their teachers and their parents, (b) surveys from the parents of the five third-grade students and their teachers, (c) surveys from nine kindergarten teachers and the principal of the selected school, and (d) descriptions of the five third-grade students' neighborhoods, their school, and their classrooms. Case narratives for each of the five third-grade students were developed using the four data sources. This study showed that there were seven factors responsible for kindergarten students' low performance in school: low teacher expectations; subjective teacher observations of student performance; deficient and partial assessments; unfair grouping practices of students; unrealistic curriculum pacing; ineffective and inconsistent interventions; students' poor school-readiness skills. This study also finds that third-grade students continued low school performance could be influenced by factors such as: students' home-structure and after-school routines; parent support for school; students' lack of motivation to perform school tasks; types of interventions implemented at school to assist struggling students; parent work schedule; neighborhoods recreational resources; high-stakes testing. This study makes five recommendations for future research and policy development: (a) identify students with at-risk behaviors early in the school year, (b) design and implement interventions that address students' specific needs, (c) keep parents informed, (d) access o.
Book Synopsis Examining the Affects [sic] of Retention on Students' Academic Performance by : Jessica Raya Richardson
Download or read book Examining the Affects [sic] of Retention on Students' Academic Performance written by Jessica Raya Richardson and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Elementary School Performance and Adjustment of Children who Enter Kindergarten Late Or Repeat Kindergarten by : Nicholas Zill
Download or read book The Elementary School Performance and Adjustment of Children who Enter Kindergarten Late Or Repeat Kindergarten written by Nicholas Zill and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis On the Success of Failure by : Karl L. Alexander
Download or read book On the Success of Failure written by Karl L. Alexander and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2003 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is about the practice of grade retention in elementary school, a particularly vexing problem in urban school systems, where upward of half the students may repeat a grade. On the Success of Failure addresses whether repeating a grade is helpful or harmful when children are not keeping up. It describes the school context of retention and evaluates its consequences by tracking the experiences of a large, representative sample of Baltimore school children from first grade through high school. In addition to evaluating the consequences of retention, the book describes the cohort s dispersion along many different educational pathways from first grade through middle school, the articulation of retention with other forms of educational tracking (like reading group placements in the early primary grades and course-level assignments in middle school), and repeaters academic and school adjustment problems before they were held back.
Book Synopsis A Study of the Effects of Retention on a Group of Low-achieving Kindergarten Students by : Margaret Heckler
Download or read book A Study of the Effects of Retention on a Group of Low-achieving Kindergarten Students written by Margaret Heckler and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Affective Consequences of Grade Retention by :
Download or read book The Affective Consequences of Grade Retention written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this study was to investigate students' perceptions of the affective consequences of grade retention and to uncover possible social and academic effects of grade retention on students' subsequent elementary school experience. The participants were kindergarten through eighth grade students from a county in a rural area in Northeast Tennessee who had been retained for at least one year. A total of 36 students participated in the study, along with principals, school counselors, and teachers from each of the nine schools involved in the study. Information was collected through semi-structured qualitative interviews and the data were analyzed inductively using constant comparative analysis procedures. As a result of the analysis of student interview data, 10 areas of influence emerged related to students' perceptions of the retention process. This evidence was further substantiated through extended conversations with principals, school counselors and teachers. The areas of influence were categorized into six thematic areas: Theme 1: Conditions of Acceptance; Theme 2: Importance of Timing in the Decision to Retain; Theme 3: Negative Consequences of Retention for Older Children; Theme 4: Lack of Preparation for the Retention; Theme 5: Inadequacy of Support Services After the Retention; Theme 6: Far-reaching Effects of Retention. Based on the findings, the investigator reached the following conclusions: (1) Regardless of their initial reaction to the retention decision, most students eventually accepted the decision. Parental involvement and support was wanted and needed. (2) Retention appeared to be an appropriate intervention for students whose problems stemmed from being chronologically and/or developmentally behind their classmates. (3) Retention appeared to be least appropriate for students who were dealing with behavior problems, learning disabilities, or other problems in their lives. (4) School personnel rarely prepared the child for the retention decision and rarely provided services to make sure the repeated year was successful. (5) Retained students socialized well with other students, but the retention process had negative effects on students' self-esteem and attitude toward school. Due to the significant impact of making the wrong promotion/retention decision, grade retention should be researched from every possible angle. New approaches to curriculum development, school restructuring, and individualized student instruction should become the focus of efforts to improve student success, and "ensure that no child is left behind."
Book Synopsis A Meta-analysis of the Effects of Grade Retention of K-6 Students on Student Achievement, 1990-2010 by : Anthony Dewayne Bright
Download or read book A Meta-analysis of the Effects of Grade Retention of K-6 Students on Student Achievement, 1990-2010 written by Anthony Dewayne Bright and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation investigates the relationship between grade retention and students' academic achievement for K-6 students. A meta-analysis was conducted from studies published between 1990 and 2010 that reported data on the effects of elementary grade retention and students' academic achievement. The primary hypothesis for this dissertation was that there was a positive relationship between grade retention and students' academic performance. An extensive systematic review of the literature was conducted using bibliographic databases and other sources, resulting in the review of hundreds of abstracts and articles. Initially, this review resulted in the identification of approximately 120 articles, from which, 68 were identified as potential studies for inclusion in this meta-analysis. As data were abstracted from each potential study and evaluated, 43 studies remained for inclusion in this meta-analysis. Of these 43 studies, 31 either reported effect sizes in the results section or included sufficient data to calculate the effect sizes. After testing each study for statistical significance and eliminating insignificant studies, 26 studies remained. Effect sizes for these 26 studies were averaged and an effect size of medium strength was revealed (ES = 0.50). This effect size indicated that retained students scored 0.50 standard deviations lower than promoted students on academic outcome measures. Sixteen studies included in this meta-analysis had never been included in any prior meta-analysis, thus adding to the existing literature. This study found that there was not a positive relationship between grade retention and students' academic performance. Results support the findings of most prior studies on grade retention concluding that grade retention is not an effective intervention. Major findings are provided for the four research questions examined in this study. In addition, implications for practitioners and implications for researchers are included, as well as, suggestions for future research.
Book Synopsis The Handbook of Research Synthesis by : Harris Cooper
Download or read book The Handbook of Research Synthesis written by Harris Cooper and published by Russell Sage Foundation. This book was released on 1993-11-23 with total page 590 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “The Handbook is a comprehensive treatment of literature synthesis and provides practical advice for anyone deep in the throes of, just teetering on the brink of, or attempting to decipher a meta-analysis. Given the expanding application and importance of literature synthesis, understanding both its strengths and weaknesses is essential for its practitioners and consumers. This volume is a good beginning for those who wish to gain that understanding.” —Chance “Meta-analysis, as the statistical analysis of a large collection of results from individual studies is called, has now achieved a status of respectability in medicine. This respectability, when combined with the slight hint of mystique that sometimes surrounds meta-analysis, ensures that results of studies that use it are treated with the respect they deserve....The Handbook of Research Synthesis is one of the most important publications in this subject both as a definitive reference book and a practical manual.”—British Medical Journal The Handbook of Research Synthesis is the definitive reference and how-to manual for behavioral and medical scientists applying the craft of research synthesis. It draws upon twenty years of ground-breaking advances that have transformed the practice of synthesizing research literature from an art into a scientific process in its own right. Editors Harris Cooper and Larry V. Hedges have brought together leading authorities to guide the reader through every stage of the research synthesis process—problem formulation, literature search and evaluation, statistical integration, and report preparation. The Handbook of Research Synthesis incorporates in a single volume state-of-the-art techniques from all quantitative synthesis traditions, including Bayesian inference and the meta-analytic approaches. Distilling a vast technical literature and many informal sources, the Handbook provides a portfolio of the most effective solutions to problems of quantitative data integration. The Handbook of Research Synthesis also provides a rich treatment of the non-statistical aspects of research synthesis. Topics include searching the literature, managing reference databases and registries, and developing coding schemes. Those engaged in research synthesis will also find useful advice on how tables, graphs, and narration can be deployed to provide the most meaningful communication of the results of research synthesis. The Handbook of Research Synthesis is an illuminating compilation of practical instruction, theory, and problem solving. It provides an accumulation of knowledge about the craft of reviewing a scientific literature that can be found in no other single source. The Handbook offers the reader thorough instruction in the skills necessary to conduct powerful research syntheses meeting the highest standards of objectivity, systematicity, and rigor demanded of scientific enquiry. This definitive work will represent the state of the art in research synthesis for years to come.
Book Synopsis Teachers' Perceptions of Full-day Kindergarten and the Impact on Student Achievement by : Suzanne Theresa Magee
Download or read book Teachers' Perceptions of Full-day Kindergarten and the Impact on Student Achievement written by Suzanne Theresa Magee and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 109 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this qualitative study was to examine teacher perceptions of full-day kindergarten and its impact on student achievement. A total of 59 teachers from three suburban school districts in Pennsylvania completed surveys containing both Likert scale and open-ended questions. Moreover, three regular education teachers and one special education teacher partook in semi-structured interviews in order to gain more insight into teacher perspectives. This study specifically focused on the long-term academic achievement in reading when comparing a full-day kindergarten program to a half-day kindergarten program. Additionally, the research focused on the advantages and disadvantages of both programs including emotional, behavioral, and social growth. Instructional practices were also studied to determine if they differed within each program. An overwhelming majority of participants agreed that full-day kindergarten provided the support needed to be successful students throughout their school career considering the increased demands placed on children. Participants also indicated that although there should not be a difference in instructional practices between either program, a full-day provides students the opportunity to practice these skills. Participants also noted that when teachers are given a full-day there is a significant amount of time that can be devoted to differentiated instruction which leads to academic gains . Most teachers indicated that it was not the longer day that made the difference academically, but how the teacher used that additional time that resulted in sustained success.
Book Synopsis Beyond Retention by : Catherine George
Download or read book Beyond Retention written by Catherine George and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This document reports findings of a California Department of Education (DOE) study that examined grade-retention practices in the state. Data were collected primarily through surveys of schools and school districts. Findings indicate that approximately 1 in 10 students spent an extra year in school before second grade during the 1988-89 school year. In kindergarten and first grade, the retention rates for African-Americans and Hispanics were up to double the rate for whites. The most common treatment for retained students was grade repetition. Despite research findings to the contrary, most educators believed that retention was effective. Many educators used Light's Retention Scale, an instrument that lacks reliability and validity in identifying students for retention. The following alternatives to retention are identified--dissemination of research, developmentally appropriate instruction, the Reading Recovery Program, other intervention programs, the Success for All Program, and structural changes (such as combination classes, year-round education, and ungraded schools). Several recommendations are offered to reduce the statewide retention rate: (1) School districts and schools should examine their policies and practices in light of current research; (2) school districts and schools should disseminate research on retention to elementary and middle school staffs; (3) school districts with high retention rates should develop a plan to reduce the rate and improve the instructional program for at-risk students; (4) school districts should monitor the differential effects of retention for different ethnic groups, non-English-speaking children, and boys and girls; and (5) the DOE and state legislature should provide support to school districts to implement early intervention reading programs. Two figures are included. (LMI)
Book Synopsis Qualitative Analysis of Adult Perceptions of Their K-12 Grade Retention by : Helena Sibyl King
Download or read book Qualitative Analysis of Adult Perceptions of Their K-12 Grade Retention written by Helena Sibyl King and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study investigated the effects that a K-12 grade retention had on adults who were retained as children. The research was motivated by three research questions: (1) How do adults aged 18-65 who have experienced grade retention describe the effect that a K-12 retention had and possibly continues to have on their lives? (2) How do adults aged 18-65 feel about having been held back in school? (3) How do adults aged 18-65 perceive grade retention overall? Previous studies neglected to examine the emotional implications that retention can have on a child and the possible long-term effects that retention may have on an adult years after the retention takes place. This qualitative study, using grounded theory as the methodology, examined the memories of 14 participants between the ages of 24-65 who lived in southeast North Carolina and northeast South Carolina during their school-age years. Adults in this research were encouraged to share their stories over a period of months with guided questions by the researcher. The findings showed that there were still unanswered questions about the effects of retention on academic achievement overall; however, the participants in this study considered retention to be neither good or bad but to be used as a means for last resort by educators. Six of the 14 participants shared that they felt a myriad of emotions when they were children that they could not fully explain. They went on to say that they have released all negative feelings related to their retention and did not allow the retention label to hinder their adult lives. Five of the participants admit the experience has left a negative feeling, and three respondents admitted to having no comment or admit to having no immediate feelings concerning the childhood experience that they wished to share.
Book Synopsis Adolescents at Risk by : Joy G. Dryfoos
Download or read book Adolescents at Risk written by Joy G. Dryfoos and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1991-08-29 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seven million youngsters--one in four adolescents--have only limited potential for becoming productive adults because they are at high risk for encountering serious problems at home, in school, or in their communities. This is one of the disturbing findings in this unique overview of what is known about young people aged 10 to 17 growing up in the United States today. The book explores four problem areas that are the subject of a great deal of public interest and social concern: delinquency, substance abuse, teen pregnancy, and school failure. In examining these problem areas, Dryfoos has three objectives: to present a more cogent picture of adolescents who are at risk of problem behaviors and where they fit in society; to synthesize the experience of programs that have been successful in changing various aspects of these behaviors; and to propose strategies for using this knowledge base to implement more effective approaches to helping youngsters succeed. Among the key concepts emerging from this study are the importance of intense individual attention, social skills training, exposure to the world of work, and packaging components in broad, community-wide interventions. Schools are recognized as the focal institution in prevention, not only in regard to helping children achieve academically, but in giving young people access to social support and health programs. The author also proposes comprehensive youth development initiatives at the local, state and national level, based on programs shown to be effective in real practice. This landmark, state-of-the-art study represents an indispensable resource for anyone interested in the welfare and current problems of youth, including psychologists, sociologists, school administrators, state and federal officials, policymakers, and concerned parents.
Author :Committee on Appropriate Test Use Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309524954 Total Pages :351 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (95 download)
Book Synopsis High Stakes by : Committee on Appropriate Test Use
Download or read book High Stakes written by Committee on Appropriate Test Use and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1998-12-30 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Everyone is in favor of "high education standards" and "fair testing" of student achievement, but there is little agreement as to what these terms actually mean. High Stakes looks at how testing affects critical decisions for American students. As more and more tests are introduced into the country's schools, it becomes increasingly important to know how those tests are used--and misused--in assessing children's performance and achievements. High Stakes focuses on how testing is used in schools to make decisions about tracking and placement, promotion and retention, and awarding or withholding high school diplomas. This book sorts out the controversies that emerge when a test score can open or close gates on a student's educational pathway. The expert panel: Proposes how to judge the appropriateness of a test. Explores how to make tests reliable, valid, and fair. Puts forward strategies and practices to promote proper test use. Recommends how decisionmakers in education should--and should not--use test results. The book discusses common misuses of testing, their political and social context, what happens when test issues are taken to court, special student populations, social promotion, and more. High Stakes will be of interest to anyone concerned about the long-term implications for individual students of picking up that Number 2 pencil: policymakers, education administrators, test designers, teachers, and parents.
Book Synopsis An Exploratory Study of Student Retention in Kindergarten and Grade One and the Associated Decision Making Processes as Perceived by Principals and Teachers by : Doris Cameron-Minard
Download or read book An Exploratory Study of Student Retention in Kindergarten and Grade One and the Associated Decision Making Processes as Perceived by Principals and Teachers written by Doris Cameron-Minard and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Effects of Grade Retention on Perceived Competence and Task Persistence by : Stephanie Williams Sheridan
Download or read book The Effects of Grade Retention on Perceived Competence and Task Persistence written by Stephanie Williams Sheridan and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A study investigating the relationships among retention, perceived competence, and task persistence in middle school students.
Book Synopsis Students at Risk of School Failure by : José Jesús Gázquez
Download or read book Students at Risk of School Failure written by José Jesús Gázquez and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2018-10-18 with total page 594 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main objective of this Research Topic is to determine the conditions that place students at risk of school failure, identifying student and context variables. In spite of the fact that there is currently little doubt about how one learns and how to teach, in some countries of the “developed world,” there is still there is a high rate of school failure. Although the term “school failure” is a very complex construct, insofar as its causes, consequences, and development, from the field of educational psychology, the construct “student engagement” has recently gained special interest in an attempt to deal with the serious problem of school failure. School engagement builds on the anatomy of the students’ involvement in school and describes their feelings, behaviors, and thoughts about their school experiences. So, engagement is an important component of students’ school experience, with a close relationship to achievement and school failure. Children who self-set academic goals, attend school regularly and on time, behave well in class, complete their homework, and study at home are likely to interact adequately with the school social and physical environments and perform well in school. In contrast, children who miss school are more likely to display disruptive behaviors in class, miss homework frequently, exhibit violent behaviors on the playground, fail subjects, be retained and, if the behaviors persist, quit school. Moreover, engagement should also be considered as an important school outcome, eliciting more or less supportive reactions from educators. For example, children who display school-engaged behaviors are likely to receive motivational and instructional support from their teachers. The opposite may also be true. But what makes student engage more or less? The relevant literature indicates that personal variables (e.g., sensory, motor, neurodevelopmental, cognitive, motivational, emotional, behavior problems, learning difficulties, addictions), social and/or cultural variables (e.g., negative family conditions, child abuse, cultural deprivation, ethnic conditions, immigration), or school variables (e.g., coexistence at school, bullying, cyberbullying) may concurrently hinder engagement, preventing the student from acquiring the learnings in the same conditions as the rest of the classmates.
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