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Evolutionary Processes And Metaphors
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Book Synopsis The Major Metaphors of Evolution by : Salvatore J. Agosta
Download or read book The Major Metaphors of Evolution written by Salvatore J. Agosta and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-08-29 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a unified evolutionary framework based on three sets of metaphors that will help to consolidate discussions on evolutionary transitions. Evolution is the unifying principle of life, making identifying ways to apply evolutionary principles to tackle existence-threatening crises such as climate change crucial. A more cohesive evolutionary framework will further the discussions in this regard and also accelerate the process itself. This book lays out a framework based on three dualistic classes of metaphors – time, space, and conflict resolution. Evolutionary transitions theory shows how metaphors can help us understand selective diversification, as Darwin described with his “tree of life”. Moreover, the recently proposed Stockholm paradigm demonstrates how metaphors can help shed light on the emergence of complex ecosystems that Darwin highlighted with his “tangled bank” metaphor. Taken together, these ideas offer proactive measures for coping with existential crises for humanity, such as climate change. The book will appeal to biologists, philosophers and historians alike.
Book Synopsis Refiguring Life by : Evelyn Fox Keller
Download or read book Refiguring Life written by Evelyn Fox Keller and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 1995 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Refiguring Life begins with the history of genetics and embryology, showing how discipline-based metaphors have directed scientists' search for evidence. Keller continues with an exploration of the border traffic between biology and physics, focusing on the question of life and the law of increasing entropy. In a final section she traces the impact of new metaphors, born of the computer revolution, on the course of biological research. Keller shows how these metaphors began as objects of contestation between competing visions of the life sciences, how they came to be recast and appropriated by already established research agendas, and how in the process they ultimately came to subvert those same agendas. Refiguring Life explains how the metaphors and machinery of research are not merely the products of scientific discovery but actually work together to map out the territory along which new metaphors and machines can be constructed. Through their dynamic interaction, Keller points out, they define the realm of the possible in science. Drawing on a remarkable spectrum of theoretical work ranging from Schroedinger to French psychoanalyst Jacques Lacan, Refiguring Life fuses issues already prominent in the humanities and social sciences with those in the physical and natural sciences, transgressing disciplinary boundaries to offer a broad view of the natural sciences as a whole. Moving gracefully from genetics to embryology, from physics to biology, from cyberscience to molecular biology, Evelyn Fox Keller demonstrates that scientific inquiry cannot pretend to stand apart from the issues and concerns of the larger society in which it exists.
Book Synopsis Understanding Evolution by : Kostas Kampourakis
Download or read book Understanding Evolution written by Kostas Kampourakis and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-04-03 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bringing together conceptual obstacles and core concepts of evolutionary theory, this book presents evolution as straightforward and intuitive.
Book Synopsis The Terrestrialization Process by : Marco Vecoli
Download or read book The Terrestrialization Process written by Marco Vecoli and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2010 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The invasion of the land by plants (terrestrialization) was one of the most significant evolutionary events in the history of life on Earth, and correlates in time with periods of major palaeoenvironmental perturbations. The development of a vegetation cover on the previously barren land surfaces impacted on the global biogeochemical cycles and the geological processes of erosion and sediment transport. The terrestrialization of plants preceded the rise of major new groups of animals, such as insects and tetrapods, the latter numbering some 24 000 living species, including ourselves. Early land-plant evolution also correlates with the most spectacular decline of atmospheric CO2 concentration of Phanerozoic times and with the onset of a protracted period of glacial conditions on Earth. This book includes a selection of papers covering different aspects of the terrestrialization, from palaeobotany to vertebrate palaeontology and geochemistry, promoting a multidisciplinary approach to the understanding of the co-evolution of life and its environments during Early to Mid-Palaeozoic times.
Book Synopsis Understanding Metaphors in the Life Sciences by : Andrew S. Reynolds
Download or read book Understanding Metaphors in the Life Sciences written by Andrew S. Reynolds and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022-04-28 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduces the diverse roles metaphors play in the life sciences and highlights their significance for theory, communication, and education.
Book Synopsis Philosophy of Science for Biologists by : Kostas Kampourakis
Download or read book Philosophy of Science for Biologists written by Kostas Kampourakis and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-09-24 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A short and accessible introduction to philosophy of science for students and researchers across the life sciences.
Book Synopsis The Stockholm Paradigm by : Daniel R. Brooks
Download or read book The Stockholm Paradigm written by Daniel R. Brooks and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2019-07-19 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The contemporary crisis of emerging disease has been a century and a half in the making. Human, veterinary, and crop health practitioners convinced themselves that disease could be controlled by medicating the sick, vaccinating those at risk, and eradicating the parts of the biosphere responsible for disease transmission. Evolutionary biologists assured themselves that coevolution between pathogens and hosts provided a firewall against disease emergence in new hosts. Most climate scientists made no connection between climate changes and disease. None of these traditional perspectives anticipated the onslaught of emerging infectious diseases confronting humanity today. As this book reveals, a new understanding of the evolution of pathogen-host systems, called the Stockholm Paradigm, explains what is happening. The planet is a minefield of pathogens with preexisting capacities to infect susceptible but unexposed hosts, needing only the opportunity for contact. Climate change has always been the major catalyst for such new opportunities, because it disrupts local ecosystem structure and allows pathogens and hosts to move. Once pathogens expand to new hosts, novel variants may emerge, each with new infection capacities. Mathematical models and real-world examples uniformly support these ideas. Emerging disease is thus one of the greatest climate change–related threats confronting humanity. Even without deadly global catastrophes on the scale of the 1918 Spanish Influenza pandemic, emerging diseases cost humanity more than a trillion dollars per year in treatment and lost productivity. But while time is short, the danger is great, and we are largely unprepared, the Stockholm Paradigm offers hope for managing the crisis. By using the DAMA (document, assess, monitor, act) protocol, we can “anticipate to mitigate” emerging disease, buying time and saving money while we search for more effective ways to cope with this challenge.
Download or read book Evolution's Eye written by Susan Oyama and published by Duke University Press. This book was released on 2000-05-03 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent decades, Susan Oyama and her colleagues in the burgeoning field of developmental systems theory have rejected the determinism inherent in the nature/nurture debate, arguing that behavior cannot be reduced to distinct biological or environmental causes. In Evolution’s Eye Oyama elaborates on her pioneering work on developmental systems by spelling out that work’s implications for the fields of evolutionary theory, developmental and social psychology, feminism, and epistemology. Her approach profoundly alters our understanding of the biological processes of development and evolution and the interrelationships between them. While acknowledging that, in an uncertain world, it is easy to “blame it on the genes,” Oyama claims that the renewed trend toward genetic determinism colors the way we think about everything from human evolution to sexual orientation and personal responsibility. She presents instead a view that focuses on how a wide variety of developmental factors interact in the multileveled developmental systems that give rise to organisms. Shifting attention away from genes and the environment as causes for behavior, she convincingly shows the benefits that come from thinking about life processes in terms of developmental systems that produce, sustain, and change living beings over both developmental and evolutionary time. Providing a genuine alternative to genetic and environmental determinism, as well as to unsuccessful compromises with which others have tried to replace them, Evolution’s Eye will fascinate students and scholars who work in the fields of evolution, psychology, human biology, and philosophy of science. Feminists and others who seek a more complex view of human nature will find her work especially congenial.
Book Synopsis Metaphors in International Relations Theory by : M. Marks
Download or read book Metaphors in International Relations Theory written by M. Marks and published by Springer. This book was released on 2011-08-14 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metaphors constitute a fundamental way in which humans understand the world around them. This book offers a comprehensive analysis of metaphors in theories of international relations. Until recently, conscious attention to metaphors in theories of international relations has been haphazard and sporadic. This book examines the metaphors that inform the major paradigms in international relations theory. Readers will discover that the vast majority of the terminology cataloguing, defining, and naming theories, concepts, and analytical tools pertaining to the study of international relations are metaphorical in nature. The book concludes that metaphors are an essential element in all aspects of international relations theory.
Book Synopsis Chance and Necessity by : Jacques Monod
Download or read book Chance and Necessity written by Jacques Monod and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Change and necessity is a statement of Darwinian natural selection as a process driven by chance necessity, devoid of purpose or intent.
Book Synopsis Thriving with Stone Age Minds by : Justin L. Barrett
Download or read book Thriving with Stone Age Minds written by Justin L. Barrett and published by InterVarsity Press. This book was released on 2021-07-13 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What does God's creation of humanity through the process of evolution mean for how we think about human flourishing? Combining scientific evidence with wisdom from the Bible and Christian theology, this introduction explores how the field of evolutionary psychology can be a powerful tool for understanding human nature and our distinctively human purpose.
Book Synopsis Aristotle's Ladder, Darwin's Tree by : J. David Archibald
Download or read book Aristotle's Ladder, Darwin's Tree written by J. David Archibald and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2014-08-19 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Leading paleontologist J. David Archibald explores the rich history of visual metaphors for biological order from ancient times to the present and their influence on humans' perception of their place in nature, offering uncommon insight into how we went from standing on the top rung of the biological ladder to embodying just one tiny twig on the tree of life. He begins with the ancient but still misguided use of ladders to show biological order, moving then to the use of trees to represent seasonal life cycles and genealogies by the Romans. The early Christian Church then appropriated trees to represent biblical genealogies. The late eighteenth century saw the tree reclaimed to visualize relationships in the natural world, sometimes with a creationist view, but in other instances suggesting evolution. Charles Darwin's On the Origin of Species (1859) exorcised the exclusively creationist view of the "tree of life," and his ideas sparked an explosion of trees, mostly by younger acolytes in Europe. Although Darwin's influence waned in the early twentieth century, by midcentury his ideas held sway once again in time for another and even greater explosion of tree building, generated by the development of new theories on how to assemble trees, the birth of powerful computing, and the emergence of molecular technology. Throughout Archibald's far-reaching study, and with the use of many figures, the evolution of "tree of life" iconography becomes entwined with our changing perception of the world and ourselves.
Book Synopsis Biology as Society, Society as Biology: Metaphors by : Sabine Maasen
Download or read book Biology as Society, Society as Biology: Metaphors written by Sabine Maasen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-12-01 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: not lie in the conceptual distinctions but in the perceived functions of metaphors and whether in the concrete case they are judged positive or negative. The ongoing debates reflect these concerns quite clearly~ namely that metaphors are judged on the basis of supposed dangers they pose and opportunities they offer. These are the criteria of evaluation that are obviously dependent on the context in which the transfer of meaning occurs. Our fundamental concern is indeed the transfer itself~ its prospects and its limits. Looking at possible functions of metaphors is one approach to under standing and elucidating sentiments about them. The papers in this volume illustrate, by quite different examples, three basic functions of metaphors: illustrative, heuristic~ and constitutive. These functions rep resent different degrees of transfer of meaning. Metaphors are illustrative when they are used primarily as a literary device, to increase the power of conviction of an argument, for example. Although the difference between the illustrative and the heuristic function of metaphors is not great, it does exist: metaphors are used for heuristic purposes whenever "differences" of meaning are employed to open new perspectives and to gain new insights. In the case of "constitutive" metaphors they function to actually replace previous meanings by new ones. Sabine Maasen in her paper introduces the distinction between transfer and transforma tion.
Book Synopsis Exploring Morgan’s Metaphors by : Anders Örtenblad
Download or read book Exploring Morgan’s Metaphors written by Anders Örtenblad and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2016-07-05 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gareth Morgan’s monumental book, Images of Organization, revolutionized the field of organization theory. In honor of Morgan’s classic text, this edited volume, Exploring Morgan’s Metaphors: Theory, Research, and Practice in Organizational Studies (by Anders Örtenblad, Kiran Trehan, and Linda L. Putnam), illustrates how Morgan’s eight metaphors inform research, practice, and organizational intervention in a variety of contexts. Including contributions from well-known experts in their fields, specifically, Joep Cornelisen, Cliff Oswick, David Grant, and Gareth Morgan, this new text offers fresh perspectives and sets forth new metaphors for conceptualizing organizations in today’s workforce. Readers will gain insights and guidelines into the different ways that Morgan’s metaphors and metaphorical thinking can be used to better understand organizational life, as well as how to study and develop organizations.
Book Synopsis The Theory of Evolution by : Samuel M. Scheiner
Download or read book The Theory of Evolution written by Samuel M. Scheiner and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2020-01-07 with total page 455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Darwin’s nineteenth-century writings laid the foundations for modern studies of evolution, and theoretical developments in the mid-twentieth century fostered the Modern Synthesis. Since that time, a great deal of new biological knowledge has been generated, including details of the genetic code, lateral gene transfer, and developmental constraints. Our improved understanding of these and many other phenomena have been working their way into evolutionary theory, changing it and improving its correspondence with evolution in nature. And while the study of evolution is thriving both as a basic science to understand the world and in its applications in agriculture, medicine, and public health, the broad scope of evolution—operating across genes, whole organisms, clades, and ecosystems—presents a significant challenge for researchers seeking to integrate abundant new data and content into a general theory of evolution. This book gives us that framework and synthesis for the twenty-first century. The Theory of Evolution presents a series of chapters by experts seeking this integration by addressing the current state of affairs across numerous fields within evolutionary biology, ranging from biogeography to multilevel selection, speciation, and macroevolutionary theory. By presenting current syntheses of evolution’s theoretical foundations and their growth in light of new datasets and analyses, this collection will enhance future research and understanding.
Author :Laura Hidalgo-Downing Publisher :John Benjamins Publishing Company ISBN 13 :9027261210 Total Pages :360 pages Book Rating :4.0/5 (272 download)
Book Synopsis Performing Metaphoric Creativity across Modes and Contexts by : Laura Hidalgo-Downing
Download or read book Performing Metaphoric Creativity across Modes and Contexts written by Laura Hidalgo-Downing and published by John Benjamins Publishing Company. This book was released on 2020-06-15 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The creative potentiality of metaphor is one of the central themes in research on creativity. The present volume offers a space for the interdisciplinary discussion of the relationship between metaphor and creativity by focusing on (re)contextualization across modes and socio-cultural contexts and on the performative dimension of creative discourse practices. The volume brings together insights from Conceptual Metaphor Theory, (Critical) Discourse approaches to metaphor and Multimodal discourse analysis. Creativity as a process is explored in how it emerges in the flow of experience when talking about or reacting to creative acts such as dance, painting or music, and in subjects’ responses to advertisements in experimental studies. Creativity as product is explored by analyzing the choice, occurrence and patterning of creative metaphors in various types of (multimodal and multisensorial) discourses such as political cartoons, satire, films, children’s storybooks, music and songs, videos, scientific discourse, architectural reviews and the performance of classical Indian rasa.
Book Synopsis Technological Innovation as an Evolutionary Process by : John M. Ziman
Download or read book Technological Innovation as an Evolutionary Process written by John M. Ziman and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2003-09-18 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ground-breaking yet non-technical analysis of the analogy that technological artefacts 'evolve' like biological organisms.
