Evoked And Induced Activity In The Auditory Nervous System

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Evoked and Induced Activity in the Auditory Nervous System

Author : Francisco José López Caballero
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 117 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (122 download)

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Book Synopsis Evoked and Induced Activity in the Auditory Nervous System by : Francisco José López Caballero

Download or read book Evoked and Induced Activity in the Auditory Nervous System written by Francisco José López Caballero and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 117 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The auditory system is a crucial element in our interaction with the environment, linked with several cognitive functions such as attention, memory and language. Further characterizing the neural mechanisms explaining auditory processing may help to understand better these connections, and ultimately improve our knowledge on numerous clinical conditions associated with abnormal auditory processes, including language impairment, schizophrenia or autism spectrum disorder. With the present thesis, we aimed to contribute to the characterization of two different mechanisms of brain function within the auditory domain, as measured with electroencephalography (EEG). On the one hand, evoked activity, reflecting subjacent cognitive process time-locked to the processing of the stimulus. On the other hand, induced brain oscillations, referring to brain rhythms which self-emerge, related with several cognitive functions, and are modulable by acoustic input. Within the first mechanism, two studies are included. In the first study, we focused on deviance detection, a defining feature of the auditory system consisting on the detection of stimuli breaking a previously encoded acoustic regularity. Here, we measured middle latency and long latency responses, two evoked potentials reflecting activity from different hierarchical levels of auditory processing, and demonstrated a functional dissociation between them in the encoding of deviant probability. In the second study, we focused on the Frequency-following response (FFR), an evoked potential following the periodical features of the acoustic stimulus, aiming to disentangle its cortical contributions as a function of stimulus frequency. By combining EEG with an inhibitory transcranial magnetic stimulation (the continuous Theta Burst Stimulation, cTBS) paradigm, we aimed to transiently inactivate auditory cortex and compare FFR recorded before and after this inactivation. However, our results suggested cTBS did not affect the auditory evoked potentials recorded, and it may be ineffective to produce inhibitory effects in the auditory cortex. Concerning the second mechanism of brain function studied, induced oscillations, in the third study we aimed to disentangle whether binaural beats, an auditory illusion produced by the dichotic presentation of two pure tones with slightly different frequencies, would modulate ongoing oscillatory activity in the brain at different frequency bands. Using strict control and baseline-treatment-washout sessions, our results suggest no modulation of brain rhythms in any of the frequency bands measured occurs during or after binaural beat stimulation, as compared to baseline. Overall, with the findings of these three studies, we hope to have contributed to the better understanding of the neurophysiological basis of auditory function." -- TDX.

Evoked Electrical Activity in the Auditory Nervous System

Author : Ralph F. Naunton
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 616 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (45 download)

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Book Synopsis Evoked Electrical Activity in the Auditory Nervous System by : Ralph F. Naunton

Download or read book Evoked Electrical Activity in the Auditory Nervous System written by Ralph F. Naunton and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 616 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Evoked and Induced Activity in 40 Hz Auditory Responses

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (668 download)

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Book Synopsis Evoked and Induced Activity in 40 Hz Auditory Responses by :

Download or read book Evoked and Induced Activity in 40 Hz Auditory Responses written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study aims to investigate the evoked and the induced activity in 40 Hz auditory responses. The 40 Hz activity, also called Pb or P50 or P1 component, has a latency of 50ms and belongs to the category of MLRs (Middle latency responses), which occur right after Auditory Brainstem Responses (ABRs) between 15 and 80ms. Its importance is related to possible clinical applications such as anesthesia, schizophrenia and auditory development. In addition to this, evoked and induced activities at 40 Hz might play an important role in cognitive processing. Trains of right ear rarefaction clicks at the mean rate of 39.1 Hz, intensity of 50dB and duration of 100 were used to elicit the above mentioned activities. Three different sequences have been used: steady state, low jittered and medium jittered. Low jittered sequence has been the main sequence used to study the 40 Hz activity. The advantage of using this sequence is the fact that a deconvolution analysis can be performed and also the fact that it does not differ too much from the standard 40Hz steady-state sequence and this means that a resonance at 40 Hz can still be obtained. Ten healthy subjects (8 males and 2 females; ages ranging from 25 to 47), with no history of audiological or neurological hearing impairment were recorded. Informed consent was signed according to approved IRB protocols. All recordings were done in a sound-proof chamber (Acoustic Systems, Inc.) with subjects lying on a bed comfortably. The subjects were not asked to perform any tasks, but just to passively listen to the acoustical stimuli. Evoked and induced activities were recorded in response to the above mentioned acoustic stimuli. The deconvolution analysis showed that the peak of activity occurs around 152ms. Wavelets analysis has confirmed this observation and has also unveiled and induced activity in the low beta range. This induced activity seems to be strictly related to the evoked activity, as it seems to occur around 390ms, which corresponds to the situation where the 40 Hz evoked activity enters a steady state condition, which lasts until the last acoustic stimulus has been applied. The latter observation is again in accordance with the literature, where it is reported that the 40Hz evoked activity could reflect the initial coactivation of neural assemblies representing specific stimulus features. A change in such stimulus features could be reflected as induced oscillations occurring in the middle beta range (16-22 Hz).

Auditory Evoked Potentials

Author : Robert F. Burkard
Publisher : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
ISBN 13 : 9780781757560
Total Pages : 156 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (575 download)

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Book Synopsis Auditory Evoked Potentials by : Robert F. Burkard

Download or read book Auditory Evoked Potentials written by Robert F. Burkard and published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. This book was released on 2007 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by experts with extensive clinical and scientific experience, this comprehensive textbook presents the state of the art in auditory evoked potentials. Opening chapters explain the nature of electrical fields that generate surface recorded potentials, summarize the imaging modalities that complement evoked potential studies, and review acoustics and instrumentation. Major sections examine the anatomy and physiology of the auditory periphery, brainstem, and cortex and the principles and clinical applications of auditory, myogenic, visual, somatosensory, and vestibular evoked potentials. Chapters present hands-on laboratory exercises and clinical case studies. A full-color insert includes 3D images from multi-channel evoked potentials and functional imaging.

Disorders of Peripheral and Central Auditory Processing

Author : Gastone G. Celesia
Publisher : Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN 13 : 0702055654
Total Pages : 491 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Disorders of Peripheral and Central Auditory Processing by : Gastone G. Celesia

Download or read book Disorders of Peripheral and Central Auditory Processing written by Gastone G. Celesia and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2013-12-12 with total page 491 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Electrodiagnosis in Clinical Neurology

Author : Michael Jeffrey Aminoff
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780443080210
Total Pages : 616 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (82 download)

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Book Synopsis Electrodiagnosis in Clinical Neurology by : Michael Jeffrey Aminoff

Download or read book Electrodiagnosis in Clinical Neurology written by Michael Jeffrey Aminoff and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 616 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Widely acknowledged as the most comprehensive book on its subject, this book offers concise, practical guidance on the use of electrodiagnostic techniques for investigating problems of both the central and peripheral nervous systems. Forty-two experts, many new to this edition, discuss the principles, scope, limitations, diagnostic importance, prognostic relevance and complications for each technique.

Niedermeyer's Electroencephalography

Author : Donald L. Schomer
Publisher : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
ISBN 13 : 1451153155
Total Pages : 1308 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (511 download)

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Book Synopsis Niedermeyer's Electroencephalography by : Donald L. Schomer

Download or read book Niedermeyer's Electroencephalography written by Donald L. Schomer and published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. This book was released on 2012-10-18 with total page 1308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The leading reference on electroencephalography since 1982, Niedermeyer's Electroencephalography is now in its thoroughly updated Sixth Edition. An international group of experts provides comprehensive coverage of the neurophysiologic and technical aspects of EEG, evoked potentials, and magnetoencephalography, as well as the clinical applications of these studies in neonates, infants, children, adults, and older adults. This edition's new lead editor, Donald Schomer, MD, has updated the technical information and added a major new chapter on artifacts. Other highlights include complete coverage of EEG in the intensive care unit and new chapters on integrating other recording devices with EEG; transcranial electrical and magnetic stimulation; EEG/TMS in evaluation of cognitive and mood disorders; and sleep in premature infants, children and adolescents, and the elderly. A companion website includes fully searchable text and image bank.

Magnetoencephalography

Author : Selma Supek
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3642330452
Total Pages : 999 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (423 download)

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Book Synopsis Magnetoencephalography by : Selma Supek

Download or read book Magnetoencephalography written by Selma Supek and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-08-07 with total page 999 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Magnetoencephalography (MEG) is an invaluable functional brain imaging technique that provides direct, real-time monitoring of neuronal activity necessary for gaining insight into dynamic cortical networks. Our intentions with this book are to cover the richness and transdisciplinary nature of the MEG field, make it more accessible to newcomers and experienced researchers and to stimulate growth in the MEG area. The book presents a comprehensive overview of MEG basics and the latest developments in methodological, empirical and clinical research, directed toward master and doctoral students, as well as researchers. There are three levels of contributions: 1) tutorials on instrumentation, measurements, modeling, and experimental design; 2) topical reviews providing extensive coverage of relevant research topics; and 3) short contributions on open, challenging issues, future developments and novel applications. The topics range from neuromagnetic measurements, signal processing and source localization techniques to dynamic functional networks underlying perception and cognition in both health and disease. Topical reviews cover, among others: development on SQUID-based and novel sensors, multi-modal integration (low field MRI and MEG; EEG and fMRI), Bayesian approaches to multi-modal integration, direct neuronal imaging, novel noise reduction methods, source-space functional analysis, decoding of brain states, dynamic brain connectivity, sensory-motor integration, MEG studies on perception and cognition, thalamocortical oscillations, fetal and neonatal MEG, pediatric MEG studies, cognitive development, clinical applications of MEG in epilepsy, pre-surgical mapping, stroke, schizophrenia, stuttering, traumatic brain injury, post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, autism, aging and neurodegeneration, MEG applications in cognitive neuropharmacology and an overview of the major open-source analysis tools.

The effect of hearing loss on neural processing

Author : Jonathan E. Peelle
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889195406
Total Pages : 377 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (891 download)

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Book Synopsis The effect of hearing loss on neural processing by : Jonathan E. Peelle

Download or read book The effect of hearing loss on neural processing written by Jonathan E. Peelle and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2015-06-03 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Efficient auditory processing requires the rapid integration of transient sensory inputs. This is exemplified in human speech perception, in which long stretches of a complex acoustic signal are typically processed accurately and essentially in real-time. Spoken language thus presents listeners’ auditory systems with a considerable challenge even when acoustic input is clear. However, auditory processing ability is frequently compromised due to congenital or acquired hearing loss, or altered through background noise or assistive devices such as cochlear implants. How does loss of sensory fidelity impact neural processing, efficiency, and health? How does this ultimately influence behavior? This Research Topic explores the neural consequences of hearing loss, including basic processing carried out in the auditory periphery, computations in subcortical nuclei and primary auditory cortex, and higher-level cognitive processes such as those involved in human speech perception. By pulling together data from a variety of disciplines and perspectives, we gain a more complete picture of the acute and chronic consequences of hearing loss for neural functioning.

The Neural Bases of Multisensory Processes

Author : Micah M. Murray
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1439812179
Total Pages : 800 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (398 download)

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Book Synopsis The Neural Bases of Multisensory Processes by : Micah M. Murray

Download or read book The Neural Bases of Multisensory Processes written by Micah M. Murray and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2011-08-25 with total page 800 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It has become accepted in the neuroscience community that perception and performance are quintessentially multisensory by nature. Using the full palette of modern brain imaging and neuroscience methods, The Neural Bases of Multisensory Processes details current understanding in the neural bases for these phenomena as studied across species, stages of development, and clinical statuses. Organized thematically into nine sub-sections, the book is a collection of contributions by leading scientists in the field. Chapters build generally from basic to applied, allowing readers to ascertain how fundamental science informs the clinical and applied sciences. Topics discussed include: Anatomy, essential for understanding the neural substrates of multisensory processing Neurophysiological bases and how multisensory stimuli can dramatically change the encoding processes for sensory information Combinatorial principles and modeling, focusing on efforts to gain a better mechanistic handle on multisensory operations and their network dynamics Development and plasticity Clinical manifestations and how perception and action are affected by altered sensory experience Attention and spatial representations The last sections of the book focus on naturalistic multisensory processes in three separate contexts: motion signals, multisensory contributions to the perception and generation of communication signals, and how the perception of flavor is generated. The text provides a solid introduction for newcomers and a strong overview of the current state of the field for experts.

Brain Disorders in Critical Illness

Author : Robert D. Stevens
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107434424
Total Pages : 457 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (74 download)

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Book Synopsis Brain Disorders in Critical Illness by : Robert D. Stevens

Download or read book Brain Disorders in Critical Illness written by Robert D. Stevens and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-09-19 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brain dysfunction is a major clinical problem in intensive care, with potentially debilitating long-term consequences for post-ICU patients of any age. The resulting extended length of stay in the ICU and post-discharge cognitive dysfunction are now recognized as major healthcare burdens. This comprehensive clinical text provides intensivists and neurologists with a practical review of the pathophysiology of brain dysfunction and a thorough account of the diagnostic and therapeutic options available. Initial sections review the epidemiology, outcomes, relevant behavioral neurology and biological mechanisms of brain dysfunction. Subsequent sections evaluate the available diagnostic options and preventative and therapeutic interventions, with a final section on clinical encephalopathy syndromes encountered in the ICU. Each chapter is rich in illustrations, with an executive summary and a helpful glossary of terms. Brain Disorders in Critical Illness is a seminal reference for all physicians and neuroscientists interested in the care and outcome of severely ill patients.

The Auditory Cortex

Author : Jeffery A. Winer
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1441900748
Total Pages : 711 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (419 download)

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Book Synopsis The Auditory Cortex by : Jeffery A. Winer

Download or read book The Auditory Cortex written by Jeffery A. Winer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-12-02 with total page 711 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There has been substantial progress in understanding the contributions of the auditory forebrain to hearing, sound localization, communication, emotive behavior, and cognition. The Auditory Cortex covers the latest knowledge about the auditory forebrain, including the auditory cortex as well as the medial geniculate body in the thalamus. This book will cover all important aspects of the auditory forebrain organization and function, integrating the auditory thalamus and cortex into a smooth, coherent whole. Volume One covers basic auditory neuroscience. It complements The Auditory Cortex, Volume 2: Integrative Neuroscience, which takes a more applied/clinical perspective.

Magnesium in the Central Nervous System

Author : Robert Vink
Publisher : University of Adelaide Press
ISBN 13 : 0987073052
Total Pages : 354 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (87 download)

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Book Synopsis Magnesium in the Central Nervous System by : Robert Vink

Download or read book Magnesium in the Central Nervous System written by Robert Vink and published by University of Adelaide Press. This book was released on 2011 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The brain is the most complex organ in our body. Indeed, it is perhaps the most complex structure we have ever encountered in nature. Both structurally and functionally, there are many peculiarities that differentiate the brain from all other organs. The brain is our connection to the world around us and by governing nervous system and higher function, any disturbance induces severe neurological and psychiatric disorders that can have a devastating effect on quality of life. Our understanding of the physiology and biochemistry of the brain has improved dramatically in the last two decades. In particular, the critical role of cations, including magnesium, has become evident, even if incompletely understood at a mechanistic level. The exact role and regulation of magnesium, in particular, remains elusive, largely because intracellular levels are so difficult to routinely quantify. Nonetheless, the importance of magnesium to normal central nervous system activity is self-evident given the complicated homeostatic mechanisms that maintain the concentration of this cation within strict limits essential for normal physiology and metabolism. There is also considerable accumulating evidence to suggest alterations to some brain functions in both normal and pathological conditions may be linked to alterations in local magnesium concentration. This book, containing chapters written by some of the foremost experts in the field of magnesium research, brings together the latest in experimental and clinical magnesium research as it relates to the central nervous system. It offers a complete and updated view of magnesiums involvement in central nervous system function and in so doing, brings together two main pillars of contemporary neuroscience research, namely providing an explanation for the molecular mechanisms involved in brain function, and emphasizing the connections between the molecular changes and behavior. It is the untiring efforts of those magnesium researchers who have dedicated their lives to unraveling the mysteries of magnesiums role in biological systems that has inspired the collation of this volume of work.

Neurology Secrets E-Book

Author : Joseph S. Kass
Publisher : Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN 13 : 0323369987
Total Pages : 486 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (233 download)

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Book Synopsis Neurology Secrets E-Book by : Joseph S. Kass

Download or read book Neurology Secrets E-Book written by Joseph S. Kass and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Part of the bestselling Secrets Series, the updated sixth edition of Neurology Secrets continues to provide an up-to-date, concise overview of the most important topics in neurology today. It serves as a comprehensive introduction for medical students, physician assistants, and nurse practitioners, and is also a handy reference and refresher for residents and practitioners. Lists, tables, and clear illustrations throughout expedite review, while the engaging Secrets Series format makes the text both enjoyable and readable. New lead editors, Drs. Kass and Mizrahi, join this publication from a leading neurology program to lend a fresh perspective and expert knowledge. Expedites reference and review with a question-and-answer format, bulleted lists, and practical tips from the authors. Covers the full range of essential topics in understanding the practice of neurology. Features "Key Points" boxes to further enhance your reference power. Presents a chapter containing "Top 100 Secrets" for an overview of essential material for last-minute study or self-assessment. Fits comfortably in the pocket of your lab coat to allow quick access to essential information. Completely revised content covers all of today's most common neurologic conditions and their treatments. New lead editors offer a fresh perspective and expert knowledge.

Itch

Author : E. Carstens
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1466505435
Total Pages : 482 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (665 download)

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Book Synopsis Itch by : E. Carstens

Download or read book Itch written by E. Carstens and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-02-25 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in itch research have elucidated differences between itch and pain but have also blurred the distinction between them. There is a long debate about how somatic sensations including touch, pain, itch, and temperature sensitivity are encoded by the nervous system. Research suggests that each sensory modality is processed along a fixed, direct-line communication system from the skin to the brain. Itch: Mechanisms and Treatment presents a timely update on all aspects of itch research and the clinical treatment of itch that accompanies many dermatological conditions including psoriasis, neuropathic itch, cutaneous t-cells lymphomas, and systemic diseases such as kidney and liver disease and cancer. Composed of contributions from distinguished researchers around the world, the book explores topics such as: Neuropathic itch Peripheral neuronal mechanism of itch The role of PAR-2 in neuroimmune communication and itch Mrgprs as itch receptors The role of interleukin-31 and oncostatin M in itch and neuroimmune communication Spinal coding of itch and pain Spinal microcircuits and the regulation of itch Examining new findings on cellular and molecular mechanisms, the book is a compendium of the most current research on itch, its prevalence in society, and the problems associated with treatment.

Introduction to EEG- and Speech-Based Emotion Recognition

Author : Priyanka A. Abhang
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128045310
Total Pages : 200 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (28 download)

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Book Synopsis Introduction to EEG- and Speech-Based Emotion Recognition by : Priyanka A. Abhang

Download or read book Introduction to EEG- and Speech-Based Emotion Recognition written by Priyanka A. Abhang and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-03-23 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction to EEG- and Speech-Based Emotion Recognition Methods examines the background, methods, and utility of using electroencephalograms (EEGs) to detect and recognize different emotions. By incorporating these methods in brain-computer interface (BCI), we can achieve more natural, efficient communication between humans and computers. This book discusses how emotional states can be recognized in EEG images, and how this is useful for BCI applications. EEG and speech processing methods are explored, as are the technological basics of how to operate and record EEGs. Finally, the authors include information on EEG-based emotion recognition, classification, and a proposed EEG/speech fusion method for how to most accurately detect emotional states in EEG recordings. Provides detailed insight on the science of emotion and the brain signals underlying this phenomenon Examines emotions as a multimodal entity, utilizing a bimodal emotion recognition system of EEG and speech data Details the implementation of techniques used for acquiring as well as analyzing EEG and speech signals for emotion recognition

Physiology, Psychoacoustics and Cognition in Normal and Impaired Hearing

Author : Pim van Dijk
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 331925474X
Total Pages : 487 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (192 download)

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Book Synopsis Physiology, Psychoacoustics and Cognition in Normal and Impaired Hearing by : Pim van Dijk

Download or read book Physiology, Psychoacoustics and Cognition in Normal and Impaired Hearing written by Pim van Dijk and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-04-14 with total page 487 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The International Symposium on Hearing is a prestigious, triennial gathering where world-class scientists present and discuss the most recent advances in the field of human and animal hearing research. The 2015 edition will particularly focus on integrative approaches linking physiological, psychophysical and cognitive aspects of normal and impaired hearing. Like previous editions, the proceedings will contain about 50 chapters ranging from basic to applied research, and of interest to neuroscientists, psychologists, audiologists, engineers, otolaryngologists, and artificial intelligence researchers.