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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 41 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (614 download)
Download or read book Evaluation of Water Damage of Asphalt Concrete Mixtures Using the Environmental Conditioning System (ECS). written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Abdulla Al-Joaib
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 522 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (359 download)
Download or read book Evaluation of Water Damage on Asphalt Concrete Mixtures Using the Environmental Conditioning System written by Abdulla Al-Joaib and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 522 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Asphalt concrete pavement is subjected to several damaging actions from traffic loads, water (from precipitation and/or groundwater sources), and temperature. The durability of the asphalt-aggregate mixture, its ability to withstand these damaging actions for long periods, is a very important engineering property. While the durability of the asphalt-aggregates mixture depends on several factors such as the mixture's properties, construction methods, traffic loads and environmental conditions, they have to be evaluated to predict their field performance. Based on mixture evaluations, the mixtures that fail the test would have to be modified by additives or by changing the materials. The first objective of this thesis was to evaluate asphalt-aggregate mixtures for water damage using the Environmental Conditioning System (ECS), and rank the asphalt and aggregate types based on water sensitivity. The second objective was to relate the ECS ranking of the asphalt and aggregate types to Oregon State University (OSU) and University of Nottingham, UK (SWK/UN) wheel tracking test results, and to Net Adsorption Test (NAT) results. The third objective was to evaluate open-graded mixtures and rubber modified mixtures for water sensitivity using the ECS. The ECS test results indicate that performance ranking of mixtures by asphalt type or aggregate type alone cannot be made for the ECS test results due to the significant interaction between asphalt and aggregate. Water sensitivity in the ECS is significant for combinations of asphalt and aggregate. The ECS test results have shown that ECS performance ranking after one cycle is not statistically significant and does not correlate with ranking after three cycles. The results show that the ECS test program has similar aggregate rankings to those of the NAT and SWK/UN test program, while good agreement exists between SWK/UN wheel tracking results and the NAT test program results. However, poor agreement exists between the OSU wheel tracking results and those of the other two tests. Poor or very little agreement exists among the wheel tracking test results, ECS, and NAT test results in terms of asphalt type rankings. When considering the comparisons of materials ranking by different test procedures, one must keep in mind that the mechanisms leading to varying "performance" are not the same. The testing reported herein was aimed at measuring water sensitivity, but all the tests do not do so directly. The NAT procedure addresses only the potential for stripping (adhesion) and is not capable of evaluating cohesion loss. The other tests (ECS, OSU and SWK/UN wheel tracking) included all the mechanisms simultaneously, and these provided a gross effect without clearly separating the cause of failure in each case. Open-graded mixtures used by Oregon Department of Transportation (ODOT) performed well in the ECS in terms of water sensitivity. In the ECS evaluation, six mixtures passed the criteria of 75 % established for Indirect Retained Strength (IRS) test by ODOT, and one mixture was marginal. However, only one mixture passed the IRS evaluation, and another mixture was marginal. This confirms that the IRS test is a very severe test and is not suitable for water sensitivity evaluation of open-graded mixtures. Finally, the IRS test evaluation would suggest that these mixtures would fail prematurely after construction, but all of these mixtures have been used in projects which have been in service for more than three years with no visible signs of distress, or failures.
Author : Wendy L. Allen
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 620 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (359 download)
Download or read book Evaluation of the Environmental Conditioning System as a Water Sensitivity Test for Asphalt Concrete Mixtures written by Wendy L. Allen and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 620 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Environmental Conditioning System (ECS) was designed to evaluate the water sensitivity of asphalt concrete mixtures. The ECS subjects asphalt concrete specimens to a series of conditioning cycles including water flow, elevated and/or lowered temperature, and repeated axial loading. The purpose of this research was to: (1) evaluate the ECS test apparatus and procedure, and (2) determine whether the ECS can identify asphalt concrete mixtures that will perform well, or poorly, in the field with regard to water sensitivity. Twelve primary field test sections were identified. For each section, specimens were prepared in the laboratory using the original mix design (or the mix design identified by extraction), and the original aggregates, asphalts, and admixtures. Specimens were tested using two procedures: the ECS and the Oregon State University (OSU) wheel tracker. Field cores were used to evaluate in-situ mixture performance. Nine additional mixtures that have historically experienced water damage were tested in a limited secondary test program. Analyses were performed to determine the mixture properties that were significant in the prediction of mixture performance in the ECS. Mixture type was consistently the most significant predictor of ECS modulus ratio (change in mixture stiffness), degree of visual stripping, and binder migration, which were the performance indicators for water sensitivity evaluated in the ECS. Additional analysis indicated the existence of correlations among the ECS response variables. Significant correlations were found between the coefficient of water permeability and the degree of visual stripping; and between specimen deformation and the degree of visual stripping and binder migration. Mixture performance was compared between the ECS and the OSU wheel tracker and the field. Results indicate that the ECS test procedure can distinguish the relative performance of mixtures, with regard to water sensitivity, and mixture performance in the ECS correlates well with performance in the OSU wheel tracker. No correlation was found between mixture performance in the ECS and mixture performance in the field for the primary test sections. However, the primary field sections are relatively young, and water damage is expected to manifest itself in the future in those pavements identified as water sensitive by the ECS. The ECS predicted failure in the secondary mixtures which were identified as having had poor performance with regard to water sensitivity.
Author : Ronald L. Terrel
Publisher : National Research Council
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 204 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (1 download)
Download or read book Water Sensitivity of Asphalt-aggregate Mixes written by Ronald L. Terrel and published by National Research Council. This book was released on 1994 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The research presented in this report was conducted to identify the important factors influencing the water sensitivity of asphalt paving mixtures, and to develop a test method to evaluate water sensitivity of asphalt concrete mixtures for mix design. The test method was to be performance related. A review of current procedures revealed that no single method was suitable for evaluation and related to field performance. Based on a hypothesis that air voids in the mixture may be the major source and cause of water damage, a test system was developed to evaluate the major factors that influence water sensitivity. The Environmental Conditioning System (ECS) was used to develop a test procedure that includes specimen preparation; measurement of permeability using air, water, or both; vacuum wetting; cycling at various temperatures; and continuous repeated loading while monitoring resilient modulus after each conditioning cycle.
Author : Vivek Tandon
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 23 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (352 download)
Download or read book A Comprehensive Evaluation of Environmental Conditioning System written by Vivek Tandon and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many highway agencies face the problem of premature failure of asphalt concrete pavements due to moisture damage. Various laboratory tests have been used to predict the moisture susceptibility of asphalt concrete mixtures. Unfortunately, none of the available laboratory tests are able to accurately discriminate between well and poor performing mixes; that is, the laboratory test results do not necessarily correlate well with the field performance. Recent studies performed under the Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP) indicate that the environmental conditioning system (ECS) is a device that better simulates the field conditions. Based on the initial studies, the ECS seemed to be able to distinguish moisture susceptible mixes. A study was undertaken at the University of Texas at El Paso (UTEP) to evaluate the ECS. Based on the results from this study, the ECS needs improvements both in terms of conditioning of asphalt concrete mixture, as well as, resilient modulus test setup.
Author : V. Tandon
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 28 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (475 download)
Download or read book Evaluation of Environmental Conditioning System for Predicting Moisture Susceptibility of Asphalt Concrete Mixtures written by V. Tandon and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Mansour Solaimanian
Publisher : Transportation Research Board
ISBN 13 : 0309099064
Total Pages : 79 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Improved Conditioning and Testing Procedures for HMA Moisture Susceptibility written by Mansour Solaimanian and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2007 with total page 79 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explores whether combining the environmental conditioning system with the simple performance test would provide a superior procedure for determining the moisture susceptibility of hot-mix asphalt (HMA).
Author : Nalini Vemuri
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 284 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (369 download)
Download or read book Evaluation and Modification of Environmental Conditioning System to Predict the Moisture Susceptibility of Hot Mix Asphalt Concrete written by Nalini Vemuri and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Byron E. Ruth
Publisher : ASTM International
ISBN 13 : 9780803104600
Total Pages : 159 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (46 download)
Download or read book Evaluation and Prevention of Water Damage to Asphalt Pavement Materials written by Byron E. Ruth and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1985 with total page 159 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Russell G. Hicks
Publisher : Transportation Research Board
ISBN 13 : 9780309049245
Total Pages : 104 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (492 download)
Download or read book Moisture Damage in Asphalt Concrete written by Russell G. Hicks and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 1991 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This synthesis will be of interest to pavement designers, construction engineers, maintenance engineers, and others interested in avoiding or limiting moisture damage in asphalt concrete. Information is provided on physical and chemical explanations for moisture damage in asphalt concrete, along with a discussion of current practices and test methods for determining or reducing the susceptibility of various asphalt concrete components and mixtures to such damage. Moisture damage in asphalt concrete is a nationwide problem which often necessitates premature replacement of highway pavement surfaces. This report of the Transportation Research Board describes the underlying physical and chemical phenomena responsible for such damage. Current test methods used to determine the susceptibility of asphalt concretes, or their constituents, to moisture damage are described and evaluated. Additionally, current practices for minimizing the potential for moisture damage are examined.
Author : Saleh H. Al-Swailmi
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 602 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (298 download)
Download or read book Development of a Test Procedure for Water Sensitivity of Asphalt Concrete Mixtures written by Saleh H. Al-Swailmi and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 602 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental factors such as temperature, air, and water can have a profound effect on the durability of asphalt concrete mixtures. In mild climates where good quality aggregates and asphalt cement are available, the major contribution to deterioration may be due to traffic loading and the resultant distress is manifested in the form of fatigue cracking, rutting, and raveling. But, when more severe climates are coupled with poor materials and traffic, premature failure may result. The objectives of this research are twofold and includes: (1) development of a test system to evaluate the most important factors influencing the water sensitivity of asphalt concrete mixtures; and (2) development of laboratory testing procedures that will predict field performance. This research also addresses the hypothesis that much of the water damage in pavements is due to water in the asphalt concrete void system. It is proposed that most of the water problems occur when voids are in the range of about 5% to 12%. Thus, the term "pessimum" voids is used to indicate that range (opposite of optimum). In order to evaluate the hypothesis and the numerous variables, the Environmental Conditioning System (ECS) was designed and fabricated. The ECS consists of three subsystems: (1) fluid conditioning, where the specimen is subjected to predetermined levels of water, air, or vapor and permeability is measured; (2) an environmental cabinet that controls the temperature and humidity and encloses the entire load frame; and (3) the loading system that determines resilient modulus (M[subscript n]) at various times during environmental cycling and also provides continuous repeated loading as needed. The ECS has been used to evaluate four core materials and also to investigate the relative importance of mixture variables thought to be significant. Many details regarding specimen preparation and testing procedures were evaluated during a "shakedown" of the ECS. As minor variables were resolved, a procedure emerged which appears to be reasonable and suitable. An experiment design for the four core mixtures was developed, and the overall experiment design included three ranges of void (5% low; 5-12%, pessimum; 12% high). Six-hour cycles of wet-hot (60° C) and wet-freeze ( -18° C) are the principle conditioning variables, while monitoring MR at 25° C before and between cycling. A conventional testing procedure (AASHTO T-283) was also used on the core mixtures to provide a baseline for comparison. Results to date show that the ECS is capable of discerning the relative differences in "performance" such as MR. Three hot cycles and one freeze cycle appear to be sufficient to determine the projected relative performance when comparing different aggregates, asphalts, void levels, loading, etc. Based on these results, a water conditioning procedure has been recommended and also a procedure for water conditioning specimens prior to testing in fatigue, rutting, and thermal cracking.
Author : Muhammad Murshed Alam
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 96 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (1 download)
Download or read book A Test Method for Identifying Moisture Susceptible Asphalt Concrete Mixes written by Muhammad Murshed Alam and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Lijun Sun
Publisher : Butterworth-Heinemann
ISBN 13 : 0128028939
Total Pages : 1072 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (28 download)
Download or read book Structural Behavior of Asphalt Pavements written by Lijun Sun and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2016-08-09 with total page 1072 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Structural Behavior of Asphalt Pavements provides engineers and researchers with a detailed guide to the structural behavioral dynamics of asphalt pavement including: pavement temperature distribution, mechanistic response of pavement structure under the application of heavy vehicles, distress mechanism of pavement, and pavement deterioration performance and dynamic equations. An authoritative guide for understanding the key mechanisms for creating longer lasting pavements, Structural Behavior of Asphalt Pavements describes the intrinsic consistency between macroscopic performance and microscopic response, structure and material, as well as global and local performances, and demonstrates the process of pavement analyses and designs, approaching science from empirical analyses. Analyzes the external and internal factors influencing pavement temperature field, and provide a review of existing pavement temperature prediction models Introduces a “Bridge Principle through which pavement performance and fatigue properties are consolidated Defines the intrinsic consistency between macroscopic performance and microscopic response, structure and material, as well as global and local performance Summaries the mechanistic response of pavement structure under the application of heavy vehicle, distress mechanism of pavement, pavement deterioration performance and dynamic equations, and life cycle analysis of pavement
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 848 pages
Book Rating : 4.P/5 (25 download)
Download or read book Report written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 848 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Ronald L. Terrel
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 84 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (1 download)
Download or read book Evaluation of Open-graded "F" Mixtures for Water Sensitivity written by Ronald L. Terrel and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Circular written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Kevin D. Stuart
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 36 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)
Download or read book Evaluation of Procedures Used to Predict Moisture Damage in Asphalt Mixtures written by Kevin D. Stuart and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Procedures for evaluating the moisture susceptibility of asphalt mixtures were compared by performing them on mixtures having a known history of susceptibility. Data included the retained ratios, visual stripping, mechanical values (tensile strength, stability, etc.), saturation, and swell. The most promising procedures appeared to be the NCHRP 246 and NCHRP 274.
