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Evaluation Of Uncertainty For Soil Water Characteristic Curve Measurements And Implications For Predicting The Hydro Mechanical Behavior Of Unsaturated Soils
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Book Synopsis Evaluation of Uncertainty for Soil Water Characteristic Curve Measurements and Implications for Predicting the Hydro-mechanical Behavior of Unsaturated Soils by : Lauren Fissel
Download or read book Evaluation of Uncertainty for Soil Water Characteristic Curve Measurements and Implications for Predicting the Hydro-mechanical Behavior of Unsaturated Soils written by Lauren Fissel and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In engineering design and classical soil mechanics, the assumption of saturated soil is the most conservative, weakest state that can be assumed. Classical soil mechanics involves the use of saturated soil parameters, including effective stress, effective cohesion, and effective friction angle. The use of unsaturated soils in design would be less conservative, but could lead to savings. Unsaturated soil mechanics also involves additional stress state variables net normal stress and matric suction. Because of the involvement of matric suction, determination of the soil water characteristic curve (SWCC) must occur simultaneously with strength testing of unsaturated soils. The calculation of unsaturated soil strength in design should have reliable reproducibility because unsaturated soil is a less conservative state. Variability in predictions of unsaturated shear strength may result do to variability in SWCC parameters. This possibility was investigated in this study, with emphasis on SWCC parameter variability. Variability of inter-specimen SWCC measurements was quantified for six soil samples. The hanging column method, an evaporation method with the UMS HYPROP apparatus, and the dew point potentiometer method provided measurement of discrete SWCC data. The van Genuchten SWCC function was parameterized using regression on data from at least 10 HYPROP trials per soil, individual measurements from the hanging column, and the same two dew point potentiometer data per soil. The HYPROP apparatus measures suction with upper and lower tensiometers within the soil specimens. Variability in water content was + 0.13 to + 0.16 at any given suction, indicating random variability in SWCC prediction despite identical specimen preparation. Variability in replicate parameter estimates for a single soil may be greater than 14% of median estimates. This result may impact testing programs that commonly rely upon a single SWCC measurement and subsequent parameterization. Additionally, this variability could affect strength testing reliant upon replicate specimen preparation. Unsaturated shear strength was predicted with a model that relies on the SWCC parameters estimated in this study. Based on this model, SWCC parameter variability resulted in minimal unsaturated strength prediction variability at suctions less than 1 kPa and increasing variability beyond this point. However, the same model failed to predict unsaturated shear strength results of this study obtained from unsaturated direct shear testing.
Book Synopsis Practice of Bayesian Probability Theory in Geotechnical Engineering by : Wan-Huan Zhou
Download or read book Practice of Bayesian Probability Theory in Geotechnical Engineering written by Wan-Huan Zhou and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-11-13 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces systematically the application of Bayesian probabilistic approach in soil mechanics and geotechnical engineering. Four typical problems are analyzed by using Bayesian probabilistic approach, i.e., to model the effect of initial void ratio on the soil–water characteristic curve (SWCC) of unsaturated soil, to select the optimal model for the prediction of the creep behavior of soft soil under one-dimensional straining, to identify model parameters of soils and to select constitutive model of soils considering critical state concept. This book selects the simple and easy-to-understand Bayesian probabilistic algorithm, so that readers can master the Bayesian method to analyze and solve the problem in a short time. In addition, this book provides MATLAB codes for various algorithms and source codes for constitutive models so that readers can directly analyze and practice. This book is useful as a postgraduate textbook for civil engineering, hydraulic engineering, transportation, railway, engineering geology and other majors in colleges and universities, and as an elective course for senior undergraduates. It is also useful as a reference for relevant professional scientific researchers and engineers.
Book Synopsis Uncertainty in Soil-water-characteristic Curve and Impacts on Unsaturated Shear Strength Predictions by : Claudia Elena Zapata
Download or read book Uncertainty in Soil-water-characteristic Curve and Impacts on Unsaturated Shear Strength Predictions written by Claudia Elena Zapata and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Numerical Optimization in Engineering and Sciences by : Debashis Dutta
Download or read book Numerical Optimization in Engineering and Sciences written by Debashis Dutta and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-04-07 with total page 569 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents select peer-reviewed papers presented at the International Conference on Numerical Optimization in Engineering and Sciences (NOIEAS) 2019. The book covers a wide variety of numerical optimization techniques across all major engineering disciplines like mechanical, manufacturing, civil, electrical, chemical, computer, and electronics engineering. The major focus is on innovative ideas, current methods and latest results involving advanced optimization techniques. The contents provide a good balance between numerical models and analytical results obtained for different engineering problems and challenges. This book will be useful for students, researchers, and professionals interested in engineering optimization techniques.
Book Synopsis Soil Quality for Crop Production and Ecosystem Health by : E.G. Gregorich
Download or read book Soil Quality for Crop Production and Ecosystem Health written by E.G. Gregorich and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1997-11-10 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soil is a complex body that exists as many types, each with diverse properties that may vary widely across time and space as a function of many factors. This complexity makes the evaluation of soil quality much more challenging than that of water or air quality. Evaluation of soil quality now considers environmental implications as well as economic productivity, seeking to be more holistic in its approach.Thus, soil quality research draws from a wide range of disciplines, blending the approaches of biologists, physicists, chemists, ecologists, economists and agronomists, among others.This book presents a broad perspective of soil quality that includes these various perspectives and gives a strong theoretical basis for the assessment of soil quality.A short glossary provides definitions for terms used throughout the book.
Download or read book Advances in Soil Science written by and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This well-reviewed and vigorous series presents research summaries on aspects of soil science which are as diverse as the subject itself, and range through physical, chemical and biological approaches to the study of soils. Volume 16 contains articles dealing with the role of phosphorus in soil, modeling of chemical absorption in soils, tests to determine nutrient availability and element toxicity in soils, the effects of sewage sludge on soil microbes, and methods to estimate soil water retention based on physical properties of soil.
Book Synopsis A New Method for Soil Water Characteristic Curve Measurement Based on Similarities Between Soil Freezing and Drying by : Zhen Liu
Download or read book A New Method for Soil Water Characteristic Curve Measurement Based on Similarities Between Soil Freezing and Drying written by Zhen Liu and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The soil water characteristic curve (SWCC) is the basis to explain a variety of processes in unsaturated soils, ranging from transport phenomena to mechanical behaviors. In this paper, a new method is developed for SWCC estimation based on the similarity between the freezing/thawing process and drying/wetting process in soils. The theoretical basis for this method is first reviewed. The concept of the soil freezing characteristic curve (SFCC) is introduced to describe the relationship between the unfrozen water content and matric suction in frozen soils. SFCC is analogous to SWCC in that both of them describe the energy status of liquid water associated with liquid water content. Relationships between SWCC and SFCC are discussed. To measure the SFCC, a thermo-time domain reflectometry (TDR) sensor was developed which combines both temperature sensors and conventional TDR sensor. The TDR module and algorithm measured the bulk free water content of soils during the freezing/thawing processes, while the built-in thermocouples measured the internal temperature distribution. SFCCs were obtained from the simultaneously measured TDR and temperature data. Experiments were conducted on a few types of soils to validate this new procedure. The SFCC was obtained from thermo-TDR data collected in specimens subjected to a controlled thawing process, while the SWCC was directly measured by ASTM D5298, the filter paper method. Reasonable agreements were found between SWCC and SFCC. The experimental results implied that the SWCC could be estimated from SFCC, which also provided more evidence of the similarity of freezing/thawing processes and desorption/sorption processes.
Download or read book Unsaturated Soils written by E. J. Murray and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-06-17 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An understanding of the mechanical properties of unsaturated soilsis crucial for geotechnical engineers worldwide, as well as tothose concerned with the interaction of structures with the ground.This book deals principally with fine-grained clays and silts, orsoils containing coarser sand and gravel particles but with asignificant percentage of fines. The study of unsaturated soil is a practical subject, linkingfundamental science to nature. Soils in general are inherentlyvariable and their behaviour is not easy to analyse or predict, andunsaturated soils raise the complexity to a higher level. Evenamongst practicing engineers, there is often lack of awareness ofthe intricacies of the subject. This book offers a perspective ofunsaturated soils based on recent research and demonstrates howthis dovetails with the general discipline of soil mechanics. Following an introduction to the basic soil variables, thephases, the phase interactions and the relevance of soil structure,an up-to-date review of laboratory testing techniques is presented.This includes suction measurement and control techniques intriaxial cell testing. This is followed by an introduction tostress state variables, critical state and theoretical models inunsaturated soils. A detailed description of the thermodynamic principles asapplied to multi-phase materials under equilibrium conditionsfollows. These principles are then used to explore and develop afundamental theoretical basis for analysing unsaturated soils. Soilstructure is broken down into its component parts to developequations describing the dual stress regime. The critical statestrength and compression characteristics of unsaturated soils areexamined and it is shown how the behaviour may be viewed as athree-dimensional model in dimensionless stress-volume space. Theanalysis is then extended to the work input into unsaturated soilsand the development of conjugate stress, volumetric andstrain-increment variables. These are used to examine themicromechanical behaviour of kaolin specimens subjected to triaxialshear strength tests and lead to observations not detectable byother means. Unsaturated Soils: A fundamental interpretation of soilbehaviour covers a rapidly advancing area of study, researchand engineering practice and offers a deeper appreciation of thekey characteristics of unsaturated soil. It provides students andresearchers with a framework for understanding soil behaviour anddemonstrates how to interpret experimental strength and compressiondata. provides engineers with a deeper appreciation of keycharacteristics of unsaturated soils covers a rapidly advancing area of study, research andengineering practice provides students and researchers a framework for understandingsoil behaviour shows how to interpret experimental data on strength andcompression the limited number of books on the subject are all out ofdate
Book Synopsis Soil Mechanics for Unsaturated Soils by : Delwyn G. Fredlund
Download or read book Soil Mechanics for Unsaturated Soils written by Delwyn G. Fredlund and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1993-09-06 with total page 542 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The principles and concepts for unsaturated soils are developed as extensions of saturated soils. Addresses problems where soils have a matric suction or where pore-water pressure is negative. Covers theory, measurement and use of the fundamental properties of unsaturated soils--permeability, shear strength and volume change. Includes a significant amount of case studies.
Book Synopsis Unsaturated Soil Mechanics by : Ning Lu
Download or read book Unsaturated Soil Mechanics written by Ning Lu and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2004-05-20 with total page 614 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unsaturated Soil Mechanics is the first book to provide a comprehensive introduction to the fundamental principles of unsaturated soil mechanics. * Offers extensive sample problems with an accompanying solutions manual. * Brings together the rapid advances in research in unsaturated soil mechanics in one focused volume. * Covers advances in effective stress and suction and hydraulic conductivity measurement.
Book Synopsis Unsaturated Soil Mechanics in Engineering Practice by : Delwyn G. Fredlund
Download or read book Unsaturated Soil Mechanics in Engineering Practice written by Delwyn G. Fredlund and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-07-30 with total page 946 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The definitive guide to unsaturated soil— from the world's experts on the subject This book builds upon and substantially updates Fredlund and Rahardjo's publication, Soil Mechanics for Unsaturated Soils, the current standard in the field of unsaturated soils. It provides readers with more thorough coverage of the state of the art of unsaturated soil behavior and better reflects the manner in which practical unsaturated soil engineering problems are solved. Retaining the fundamental physics of unsaturated soil behavior presented in the earlier book, this new publication places greater emphasis on the importance of the "soil-water characteristic curve" in solving practical engineering problems, as well as the quantification of thermal and moisture boundary conditions based on the use of weather data. Topics covered include: Theory to Practice of Unsaturated Soil Mechanics Nature and Phase Properties of Unsaturated Soil State Variables for Unsaturated Soils Measurement and Estimation of State Variables Soil-Water Characteristic Curves for Unsaturated Soils Ground Surface Moisture Flux Boundary Conditions Theory of Water Flow through Unsaturated Soils Solving Saturated/Unsaturated Water Flow Problems Air Flow through Unsaturated Soils Heat Flow Analysis for Unsaturated Soils Shear Strength of Unsaturated Soils Shear Strength Applications in Plastic and Limit Equilibrium Stress-Deformation Analysis for Unsaturated Soils Solving Stress-Deformation Problems with Unsaturated Soils Compressibility and Pore Pressure Parameters Consolidation and Swelling Processes in Unsaturated Soils Unsaturated Soil Mechanics in Engineering Practice is essential reading for geotechnical engineers, civil engineers, and undergraduate- and graduate-level civil engineering students with a focus on soil mechanics.
Book Synopsis Vadose Zone Processes by : John S. Selker
Download or read book Vadose Zone Processes written by John S. Selker and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1999-06-28 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vadose Zone Processes provides a unified, up-to-date treatment on the movement of water through unsaturated media. In addition to covering the basic equations governing the flow and fate of water in unsaturated media, the text covers the biogeochemistry of vadose environments and the statistical description of vadose processes. The authors emphasize maintaining an intuitive understanding of how the results are derived and how they are appropriately applied. This comprehensive and important book will be useful not only to those in traditional fields such as civil engineering, geology, crop science, chemical engineering, agricultural engineering, and hydrology but also in the newer environmental engineering fields including containment transport, pollution remediation, and waste disposal.
Book Synopsis Back-Calculated Soil-Water Characteristic Curve From Fluid Flow Data by : Amin Y. Pasha
Download or read book Back-Calculated Soil-Water Characteristic Curve From Fluid Flow Data written by Amin Y. Pasha and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The soil-water characteristic curve (SWCC) is a fundamental property of an unsaturated soil that is used to predict multiphase flow and transport through porous media. Direct measurement of the SWCC using conventional testing devices is time consuming. A methodology with which to estimate the SWCC is proposed in this paper based on the recorded data of transient fluid flow into soil during a 50 g centrifugal test. An inverse analysis was performed to fit the numerical simulation results, obtained using a finite element multiphase flow code NAPL simulator, to the centrifugal model test data. For the numerical simulations, several sets of representative SWCC parameters of the modeled soil were assumed. Based on an optimization scheme, the parameters that produced the best match between measured and simulated data were selected, and the SWCC for the soil was predicted. To validate the proposed method, the predicted SWCC was compared with that obtained via a conventional test. The comparison showed that the SWCC obtained via inverse analysis with a van Genuchten model parameter set of ? = 0.4 m-1 and ? = 3 compared relatively well to the measured one. Thus this new method, based on inverse analysis of the fluid flow data from centrifugal modeling, could be used as a reliable, indirect technique for predicting field SWCCs.
Book Synopsis Volume Change Consideration in Determining Appropriate Unsaturated Soil Properties for Geotechnical Applications by : Elham Bani Hashem
Download or read book Volume Change Consideration in Determining Appropriate Unsaturated Soil Properties for Geotechnical Applications written by Elham Bani Hashem and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unsaturated soil mechanics is becoming a part of geotechnical engineering practice, particularly in applications to moisture sensitive soils such as expansive and collapsible soils and in geoenvironmental applications. The soil water characteristic curve, which describes the amount of water in a soil versus soil suction, is perhaps the most important soil property function for application of unsaturated soil mechanics. The soil water characteristic curve has been used extensively for estimating unsaturated soil properties, and a number of fitting equations for development of soil water characteristic curves from laboratory data have been proposed by researchers. Although not always mentioned, the underlying assumption of soil water characteristic curve fitting equations is that the soil is sufficiently stiff so that there is no change in total volume of the soil while measuring the soil water characteristic curve in the laboratory, and researchers rarely take volume change of soils into account when generating or using the soil water characteristic curve. Further, there has been little attention to the applied net normal stress during laboratory soil water characteristic curve measurement, and often zero to only token net normal stress is applied. The applied net normal stress also affects the volume change of the specimen during soil suction change. When a soil changes volume in response to suction change, failure to consider the volume change of the soil leads to errors in the estimated air-entry value and the slope of the soil water characteristic curve between the air-entry value and the residual moisture state. Inaccuracies in the soil water characteristic curve may lead to inaccuracies in estimated soil property functions such as unsaturated hydraulic conductivity. A number of researchers have recently recognized the importance of considering soil volume change in soil water characteristic curves. The study of correct methods of soil water characteristic curve measurement and determination considering soil volume change, and impacts on the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity function was of the primary focus of this study. Emphasis was placed upon study of the effect of volume change consideration on soil water characteristic curves, for expansive clays and other high volume change soils. The research involved extensive literature review and laboratory soil water characteristic curve testing on expansive soils. The effect of the initial state of the specimen (i.e. slurry versus compacted) on soil water characteristic curves, with regard to volume change effects, and effect of net normal stress on volume change for determination of these curves, was studied for expansive clays. Hysteresis effects were included in laboratory measurements of soil water characteristic curves as both wetting and drying paths were used. Impacts of soil water characteristic curve volume change considerations on fluid flow computations and associated suction-change induced soil deformations were studied through numerical simulations. The study includes both coupled and uncoupled flow and stress-deformation analyses, demonstrating that the impact of volume change consideration on the soil water characteristic curve and the estimated unsaturated hydraulic conductivity function can be quite substantial for high volume change soils.
Book Synopsis Evaluation of Uncertainties in Predicting Soil Properties by : Olga Barbara Filippas
Download or read book Evaluation of Uncertainties in Predicting Soil Properties written by Olga Barbara Filippas and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Evaluation of Methodologies Used for Establishing Soil-Water Characteristic Curve by : PH. Shah
Download or read book Evaluation of Methodologies Used for Establishing Soil-Water Characteristic Curve written by PH. Shah and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Different methodologies have been developed for establishing the soil-water characteristic curve, SWCC. These methodologies employ measurement of the soil suction with the help of different instrumentation techniques. However, as the instruments used for measuring soil suction work efficiently only for a certain range of suction, obtained SWCCs may not be representative. This calls for a systematic investigation, which would be of great help in determining the efficiency of each of these instruments for measuring the soil suction, and hence establishing the SWCC precisely. With this in view, the results obtained from a pressure membrane extractor (PME) and a dewpoint potentiameter (WP4), which are used quite frequently for the said purpose, were evaluated for the soils of entirely different characteristics. This technical note highlights the importance of utilization of the instruments in tandem for conducting multiple suction measurements in order to obtain a representative SWCC that covers the entire range of water content and corresponding suction.
Book Synopsis Advances in Unsaturated Soils by : Bernardo Caicedo
Download or read book Advances in Unsaturated Soils written by Bernardo Caicedo and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-01-17 with total page 610 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New theories and testing techniques related with Unsaturated Soil Mechanics have proven to be valuable tools to study a broad spectrum of geo-materials which includes rocks, rock fills, frozen soils and domiciliary solid wastes. These new theories and testing techniques have permitted the analysis of several traditional problems from a new perspect
