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Evaluation Of The Design Of Simple Span Precast Prestressed Bridge Girders Made Continuous For Composite Dead And Live Loads
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Book Synopsis Evaluation of the Design of Simple-span Precast Prestressed Bridge Girders Made Continuous for Composite Dead and Live Loads by : Apostoles Fafitis
Download or read book Evaluation of the Design of Simple-span Precast Prestressed Bridge Girders Made Continuous for Composite Dead and Live Loads written by Apostoles Fafitis and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Design of Precast, Prestressed Bridge Girders Made Continuous by : R. G. Oesterle
Download or read book Design of Precast, Prestressed Bridge Girders Made Continuous written by R. G. Oesterle and published by Transportation Research Board National Research. This book was released on 1989 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report documents and presents results of a study to determine time-dependent behavior and relevant design criteria for simple-span precast, prestressed bridge girders made continuous. A questionnaire was used to determine current practice. Creep and shrinkage tests of steam-cured concrete loaded at an early age were made. Computer simulations were used to investigate the effects of time-dependent material behavior and variation in design parameters on the effective continuity for live load plus impact. The findings suggest that positive moment connections in the diaphragms at the piers are not required and provide no structural advantages. The findings also suggest that effective continuity for live load plus impact can vary from 0 to 100% dependent on the design parameters and timing of construction. Computer analyses were also used to determine an upper limit for the amount of negative moment reinforcement over the supports to insure full moment redistribution and attainment of maximum bridge strength. New computer programs were developed for simplified analysis to determine time-dependent effects and service moments. Recommendations for design procedures were presented and design examples given.
Author :Richard A. Miller (Professional engineer) Publisher :Transportation Research Board ISBN 13 :0309087937 Total Pages :202 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (9 download)
Book Synopsis Connection of Simple-span Precast Concrete Girders for Continuity by : Richard A. Miller (Professional engineer)
Download or read book Connection of Simple-span Precast Concrete Girders for Continuity written by Richard A. Miller (Professional engineer) and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2004 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction and Research Approach -- Findings -- Interpretation, Appraisal, and Application -- Interpretation, Appraisal, and Application -- References -- Appendixes.
Book Synopsis Connection Between Simple Span Precast Concrete Girders Made Continuous by : Amy J. Dimmerling
Download or read book Connection Between Simple Span Precast Concrete Girders Made Continuous written by Amy J. Dimmerling and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Precast prestressed concrete girders have been used in bridge construction for several years in the United States. In general, these types of bridges have performed well in service conditions. Although the connections over the supports provide sufficient continuity for dead loads, which cause negative moments, there has been some concern about the ability of the connections to provide continuity for the positive moments caused by live loads. Cracking has been observed at the bottom of the diaphragm at the connection and this raises concern about the connection's performance. The National Cooperative Highway Research Program developed Project 12-53 to study the effectiveness of these connections. The focus of this research deals with the experimental testing part of project 12-53. Six specimens that represent portions of full-size bridges were tested under monotonic and cyclic loads to evaluate their performance after cracking occurs at the bottom of the diaphragm. Each connection was fatigued until the connection was considered to have failed. The bent strand and bent bar embedded connections performed well under service moments. Under negative moment all of the specimens performed well. Even after failure of the specimens they each were able to resist the negative moment. This was due to the bearing of the diaphragm against the beams. The crack closes and at this point there is no difference between the specimens. Under positive moment the embedded specimens were stiffer and the failure was more gradual than that of the not embedded specimens. The embedment adds to the stiffness of the specimens. The engagement of the diaphragm in the embedded specimens helps to prolong the failure. The warning signs of failure are more prominent in the embedded specimens. The bent bar specimens are stiffer than the bent strand but the failure occurs more rapidly. After all six of the short-length specimens are tested, full-size specimens will be tested. At that point, results from all testing will be compared and discussed providing conclusions about the behavior of positive moment connections. Also, recommendations are expected as to the design and construction of positive moment connections in precast/prestressed bridge girders made continuous.
Book Synopsis Connection Between Simple Span Precast Concrete Girders Made Continuous by : Angela Marie Mueller
Download or read book Connection Between Simple Span Precast Concrete Girders Made Continuous written by Angela Marie Mueller and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Continuous precast/prestressed bridges are formed by placing the girders end to end and then pouring a slab and intermediate diaphragms. The girders carry the dead load of the structure as simple spans but are continuous for live loads. These connections provide sufficient negative moment continuity, however their effectiveness in providing positive moment continuity is questionable. Cracking has been observed in bridges of this type due largely to time dependent effects and this has raised questions regarding the bridges performance. The National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Project 12-53 was developed to study the effectiveness of the connections between precast/prestressed bridge girders made continuous. This thesis presents a portion of the experimental work for project 12-53. Six specimens, representing portions of full-scale bridges, were tested and fatigued to evaluate their performance after cracking has occurred. The loading procedure represents extreme loading events occurring after cracking at the diaphragm has occurred and the structure is subjected to normal traffic loads. Data from each specimen was analyzed and the results were compared for each connection type. The specimens were designed to evaluate the effect of the use of bent bars versus bent strands, embedment, and the addition of web bars and/or stirrups to a bent bar connection with regard to performance. It was found that all connection types would provide adequate negative moment continuity. Each detail provided differing levels of crack control; however cracking did not significantly affect the stiffness of the specimen. The best method for providing better crack control and a more efficient section is to embed the girder into the diaphragm. There is little difference between bent bar and bent strand connections and both seem to offer sufficient crack control. Additional stirrups in the diaphragm slightly increase the stiffness of the connection. The main advantage to adding stirrups would be the ductility that is added to the connection. The addition of web bars was very effective, but is not recommended. Although the addition increases the strength of the connection, it causes cracking of the ends of the girders and is difficult to construct.
Book Synopsis ACI Manual of Concrete Practice by : American Concrete Institute
Download or read book ACI Manual of Concrete Practice written by American Concrete Institute and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 1024 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Volume-change Restraining Effects in Continuous Precast/prestressed Bridge Girders by : Athul Abraham Alex
Download or read book Volume-change Restraining Effects in Continuous Precast/prestressed Bridge Girders written by Athul Abraham Alex and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A variety of design and construction practices are feasible when building precast concrete continuous bridges with long spans. Precast, prestressed concrete continuous bridges have been implemented by countries around the world. Although these bridges have been in service for many years, there has been limited verification of the ability of connection to provide the predicted continuity. Subsequently many states in the United States design the girders as simple spans for both dead and live loads without considering any moments developed by the connection. The effect of thermal expansion and contraction is hardly considered in the analysis, even though it is found to have significant effects on continuity. The objective of this study is to evaluate the current state of the art practices relevant to continuous precast concrete bridges and to recommend the most suitable design methods of analyzing the continuity behavior. This research focuses on providing detailed analysis to evaluate the restraining effects in a continuous bridge system. Detailed analysis was performed using the specifications of the NU-girder system, which has been a widely adopted solution in the State of Nebraska. This research consisted of two phases: Phase 1: Conduct an extensive literature survey to find information regarding existing continuity behavior as investigated by various researchers. Phase 2: Propose the most suitable method for analyzing connection design. Discuss advantages, construction time and cost comparisons of the NU-girder system with other systems adopted in the United States.
Book Synopsis Laboratory Tests of Two-span Prestressed Reinforced Concrete Bridge Girders Constructed from Three Long Segments by : William Leo Gamble
Download or read book Laboratory Tests of Two-span Prestressed Reinforced Concrete Bridge Girders Constructed from Three Long Segments written by William Leo Gamble and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tests of two prestressed concrete composite bridge girders which were continuous over two spans are reported. Both were I-section girders with cast-in-place decks, and had spans of about 37 ft (11 m), and were approximately 1/3 scale models of structures spanning 125 ft (38 m). Each girder was constructed from three segments which were joined end-to-end by cast-in-place concrete splices. Modell was post-tensioned after erection of the girders and casting of the deck and splice concrete. The two end segments, each supported on the final abutments and on temporary supports located about 1/3 of the span from the central pier, were pretensioned for their dead loads plus the deck concrete. The central segment, which was supported on the central pier of the structure plus the two temporary supports was precast reinforced concrete, plus a small amount of pre= tensioned reinforcement. Model 2 was externally similar, but was not post-tensioned. The segments were pretensioned for the final moments, and were joined by splicing reinforcing bars which extended into the splice region. Both structures were subjected to a series of loadings to the service load, design ultimate, and high over-load levels. Both had capacities which were significantly higher than the design ultimate values. The capacities were generally predictable on the basis of flexural strength calculations, and shear did not cause major problems. Joint details in Modell lead to difficulties in two tests, and this aspect of the design is discussed in detail.
Book Synopsis Journal of the American Concrete Institute by : American Concrete Institute
Download or read book Journal of the American Concrete Institute written by American Concrete Institute and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 612 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 668 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis National Cooperative Highway Research Program Report by :
Download or read book National Cooperative Highway Research Program Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 998 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Extending Span Ranges of Precast Prestressed Concrete Girders by : Reid Wilson Castrodale
Download or read book Extending Span Ranges of Precast Prestressed Concrete Girders written by Reid Wilson Castrodale and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2004 with total page 603 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At head of title: National Cooperative Highway Research Program.
Book Synopsis Analysis and Design of Simple Span Precast Prestressed Comcrete [i.e. Concrete] Girders Made Continuous by : Karim Chaouky Karam
Download or read book Analysis and Design of Simple Span Precast Prestressed Comcrete [i.e. Concrete] Girders Made Continuous written by Karim Chaouky Karam and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Continuous Prestressed Concrete Girder Bridges by : Mary Beth Deisz Hueste
Download or read book Continuous Prestressed Concrete Girder Bridges written by Mary Beth Deisz Hueste and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Texas Department of Transportation designs typical highway bridge structures as simple span systems using standard precast, pretensioned girders. Spans are limited to about 150 ft due to weight and length restrictions on transporting the precast girder units from the prestressing plant to the bridge site. Such bridge construction, while economical from an initial cost point of view, may become somewhat limiting when longer spans are needed. This project focused on developing additional economical design alternatives for longer span bridges with main spans ranging from 150-300 ft, using continuous precast, prestressed concrete bridge structures with in-span splices. Phase 1 of this study focused on evaluating the current state-of-the-art and practice relevant to continuous precast concrete girder bridges and recommending suitable continuity connections for typical Texas bridge girders; the findings are documented in the Volume 1 project report. This report summarizes Phase 2 of the research including detailed design examples for shored and partially shored construction, results of a parametric design study, and results of an experimental program that tested a full-scale girder containing three splice connections. The parametric design study indicated that for bridges spanning from 150-300 ft, continuous precast, prestressed concrete girder bridges with in-span splices can provide an economical alternative to steel girder bridges and segmental concrete box girder construction. The tested splice connections performed well under service level loads. However, the lack of continuity of the pretensioning through the splice connection region had a significant impact on the behavior at higher loads approaching ultimate conditions. Improved connection behavior at ultimate conditions is expected through enhanced connection details. Recommendations for design of continuous spliced precast girders, along with several detailing suggestions are discussed in the report.
Book Synopsis Summary of Progress - National Cooperative Highway Research Program by : National Cooperative Highway Research Program
Download or read book Summary of Progress - National Cooperative Highway Research Program written by National Cooperative Highway Research Program and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Assessment of Live Load Deflections in a Simple Span Composite Brigde with Prestressed Precast Concrete Girders by : Heriberto Charicata Duran
Download or read book Assessment of Live Load Deflections in a Simple Span Composite Brigde with Prestressed Precast Concrete Girders written by Heriberto Charicata Duran and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this study is to investigate how accurately the distribution factor method estimates the live load deflections under the principles of the 2012 AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications (AASHTO LRFD specifications) compared to the results of the NISA finite element analysis software. The simple span bridge model analyzed is developed very similarly to the design example of the PCI Bridge Design Manual. The main difference is a shorter span length and smaller AASHTO-PCI bulb tee sections. Three main finite element models are created to estimate the live load deflections under the recommended live load conditions as per AASHTO LRFD specifications. The first model is simulated with simple support conditions. The purpose of this model is two-fold: compare the deflections to the distribution factor method and to the deflections of the second model that is simulated with elastomeric steel reinforced bearing pads. Thus, the stiffnesses of the elastomeric bearing pads of the second model are varied within the AASHTO LRFD specifications acceptable limits and under low temperature conditions the stiffness is increased accordingly for two cases. The purpose is to investigate if the stiffness have any significant affect on the deflections of the girders. Then a third model is created to investigate if the removal of the intermediate diaphragms have any affect on the deflections. The results of the first and second models, including the models with the allowed varied stiffnesses of the bearing pads, found only the interior girders deflecting up to 4% more and the exterior girders were deflecting up to 5.55% less than the estimates of the distribution factor method. In the case when the diaphragms are removed, the deflections of the inner most interior girders are deflecting up to 10.85% more compared to the same girders of the model which includes the intermediate diaphragms and the bearing pads. In the unique case of the second model where the bearing pads may stiffen significantly under low temperatures, the girders are deflecting up to 23% less than when at room temperature conditions. All these findings and other summarized results are discussed in greater detail in this study.
Book Synopsis Software Abstracts for Engineers by :
Download or read book Software Abstracts for Engineers written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
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