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Evaluation Of Prevention Of Mother To Child Transmission Program
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Book Synopsis Evaluation of Prevention of Mother-To-Child Transmission Program by : Ronald Kimambo
Download or read book Evaluation of Prevention of Mother-To-Child Transmission Program written by Ronald Kimambo and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2011-12 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Ethiopian by 2008 there were estimated 36,000 HIV positive pregnant women but only 18% were receiving ARVs. A process evaluation was conducted to the Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission (PMTCT) program in a selected health facility (Agaro Health Centre) on the South West of Ethiopia. A case study with both quantitative and qualitative methods was used. It was found that generally the PMTCT program implementation was complying with the Ethiopian national guidelines; there was sufficient number of trained human resource, counseling sessions, ARVs and safe delivery practices. About 60% of respondents showed to be satisfied by the time spent to see the provider and total time spent for services provision. Additionally 96% of respondents said that they received their HIV test results within one hour. However there were shortcomings such as; stock out of test kits and reagents, laboratory materials and opportunistic infection drugs. Also clients complained about the delays found in the card room. There was a need to ensure privacy of counseling rooms, availability of materials, supplies, training, and counselors should record provided services for monitoring and evaluation.
Book Synopsis Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (Volume 6) by : King K. Holmes
Download or read book Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (Volume 6) written by King K. Holmes and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2017-11-06 with total page 1027 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Infectious diseases are the leading cause of death globally, particularly among children and young adults. The spread of new pathogens and the threat of antimicrobial resistance pose particular challenges in combating these diseases. Major Infectious Diseases identifies feasible, cost-effective packages of interventions and strategies across delivery platforms to prevent and treat HIV/AIDS, other sexually transmitted infections, tuberculosis, malaria, adult febrile illness, viral hepatitis, and neglected tropical diseases. The volume emphasizes the need to effectively address emerging antimicrobial resistance, strengthen health systems, and increase access to care. The attainable goals are to reduce incidence, develop innovative approaches, and optimize existing tools in resource-constrained settings.
Book Synopsis Evaluation of the Effectiveness of the National Prevention of Mother To Child Transmission of HIV (PMTCT) Programme at 6-8 Weeks Post-partum in Swaziland by : Sibongile Mndzebele
Download or read book Evaluation of the Effectiveness of the National Prevention of Mother To Child Transmission of HIV (PMTCT) Programme at 6-8 Weeks Post-partum in Swaziland written by Sibongile Mndzebele and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Gender Dimensions of HIV Status Disclosure to Sexual Partners by : Suzanne Maman
Download or read book Gender Dimensions of HIV Status Disclosure to Sexual Partners written by Suzanne Maman and published by . This book was released on 2003-05 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This review paper synthesizes the current information available on HIV status disclosure in terms of rates barriers and outcomes of HIV status disclosure among HIV-infected individuals. Particular emphasis is placed on women's experiences with disclosure to sexual partners. The report also aims to identify major barriers and describe programmatic and policy strategies that have been adopted to address these barriers and support women through the disclosure process.
Book Synopsis Community Perceptions, Attitudes and Knowledge Regarding Mother to Child Transmission of HIV by : Sifelani Mtombeni
Download or read book Community Perceptions, Attitudes and Knowledge Regarding Mother to Child Transmission of HIV written by Sifelani Mtombeni and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Each year approximately 600 000 infants, most of them in Sub-Saharan Africa are born with HIV infection as a result of mother to child transmission of HIV. Whereas significant progress has been made in reduction of mother to child transmission of HIV in developed countries, the situation remains desperate in developing countries. Progress has been hampered by shortage of staff, facilities, limited access to voluntary counselling and testing and lack of support for women by their partners and communities. The challenge is to increase voluntary counselling and testing uptake during antenatal care. Onandjokwe district in Northern Namibia is currently introducing the Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission Program (PMTCT). It has been found the previous PMTCT programs have failed because they adopted a top down approach where there was no community consultation. This study was conducted to explore the community perceptions, knowledge and attitudes regarding mother to child transmission of HIV through focus group discussions and in-depth interviews of key community members.
Book Synopsis Consolidated Guideline on Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights of Women Living with HIV by : World Health Organization
Download or read book Consolidated Guideline on Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights of Women Living with HIV written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2017-02-20 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: he starting point for this guideline is the point at which a woman has learnt that she is living with HIV and it therefore covers key issues for providing comprehensive sexual and reproductive health and rights-related services and support for women living with HIV. As women living with HIV face unique challenges and human rights violations related to their sexuality and reproduction within their families and communities as well as from the health-care institutions where they seek care particular emphasis is placed on the creation of an enabling environment to support more effective health interventions and better health outcomes. This guideline is meant to help countries to more effectively and efficiently plan develop and monitor programmes and services that promote gender equality and human rights and hence are more acceptable and appropriate for women living with HIV taking into account the national and local epidemiological context. It discusses implementation issues that health interventions and service delivery must address to achieve gender equality and support human rights.
Book Synopsis Evaluation of Utilisation of the Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV Programme in Central Province, Kenya by : Catherine Njeri Ngugi
Download or read book Evaluation of Utilisation of the Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV Programme in Central Province, Kenya written by Catherine Njeri Ngugi and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background: The PMTCT HIV programme has been one of the most successful HIV preventive interventions towards HIV-free future generations. However, even though the programme is virtually effective in developed countries, many developing countries are reporting child HIV infections due to the MTCT. The programme has existed in Kenya for more than a decade, yet in 2011, 12,894children were HIV infected due to MTCT Objective: To evaluate the PMTCT programme, especially the HIV testing from the antenatal period to the postnatal period among expectant parents attending Nyeri Provincial General Hospital in Central Province, Kenya. Design: Retrospective analysis of the hospital registers. Methods: Three hospital registers were analysed for the period from July 2009 to September 2012. The registers were for antenatal, intrapartum and postnatal care respectively. Each register documented the utilisation of PMTCT services by the expectant parents. Descriptive and inferential statistics were produced to analyse data from the registers. Results: The PMTCT services utilisation was sub-optimal. Of the 504 expectant mothers who attended the antenatal clinic, 59.9% came once, 80.4% had their first visit in the third trimester (between weeks 28 and 40) and only 6.9% were accompanied by their partners. All the women were HIV tested in their first visit but only 12.1% were rescreened after three months, and only 3.8% had been tested prior to the current pregnancy (p=0.000). No expectant mother was tested for HIV intrapartum or postpartum. The children of the 504 mothers who were HIV tested were those whose parent/s were known to be HIV positive or who had presented to a child welfare clinic with recurring symptoms suggestive of a failing immune system. Conclusion: Public health programs need to strengthen the PMTCT and HIV prevention programmes to ensure that HIV testing preconception and in pregnancy is fully implemented and strengthened, alongside continued education of the public through community programmes and the media. To avert further horizontal and vertical transmission of HIV, there is a need to address urgently the identified missed opportunities in the PMTCT program. These programmatic challenges require health system redesign and strengthening, resource allocation, addressing research gaps and reassessing the current PMTCT policies.
Book Synopsis Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission of HIV by :
Download or read book Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission of HIV written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis An Assessment of Services for Adolescents in Prevention of Mother-to-child Transmission Programs by : Heidi W. Reynolds
Download or read book An Assessment of Services for Adolescents in Prevention of Mother-to-child Transmission Programs written by Heidi W. Reynolds and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 51 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Evaluation of Vertical Transmission of HIV by : Sherry Oluchina
Download or read book Evaluation of Vertical Transmission of HIV written by Sherry Oluchina and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2012-05 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of this book was to establish the uptake, output and outcome of prevention of Mother to Child Transmission of Human immuno-deficiency virus. A total of 146 antenatal and intranatal mothers were targeted for the study. A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted. Sampling was done using systematic sampling. The method that was used for data collection was exist interview and also data abstraction form was used to collect data from patient's records. The data was collected and entered into computer packages for analysis and presentation. The SPSS statistical program was used for analysis.Student's t-test was used to compare continuous variables and Chi-square test for categorical variables.The results of this study have shown that uptake of PMTCT services at Kakamega Provincial hospital was good and most clients were satisfied with the PMTCT services offered. However, it was not be easy to tell from this study whether there have been a reduction in mother-to-child transmission of HIV on the program or not. This was because there was no baseline data prior to the initiation of the program and also there was more than 60% dropout rate during follow-up of children.
Download or read book HIV in China written by Jing Jun and published by UNSW Press. This book was released on 2010-10 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The result of collaboration between the University of New South Wales and the Tsinghua University in Beijing, this unique chronicle maps some of the most important social, political, and cultural characteristics of the HIV epidemic in China. Demonstrating that the epidemic was propelled by three main economic drivers--the blood trade, the drug trade, and the sex trade--this informative compilation of essays uncovers the hidden truths about the spread of HIV and analyzes its social impacts.
Book Synopsis Migration and Inequality by : Tanja Bastia
Download or read book Migration and Inequality written by Tanja Bastia and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-03-05 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ‘migration-development’ nexus has emerged as an important area of both research and policy over the last ten years. However, most of the interest has focused on the potential that migration holds for poverty alleviation. Relatively little attention has been paid to the relationship between migration and inequality, particularly on inequality as a consequence of migration. This is unfortunate, given that inequality is emerging as an important area of inquiry within development studies. This edited collection explores the relationship between migration and inequality in Africa, Asia and Latin America by taking into account economic and social inequalities. While the focus on inequality as opposed to poverty is in itself original, the book offers additional points of interest. First, it combines chapters on internal and international migration, thereby challenging the current focus in the migration literature that focuses almost exclusively on cross-border migration. Internal migration greatly outnumbers cross-border moves. Yet policy-makers as well as most studies focus on cross-border international migration. We are only just beginning to unravel the relationship between internal and cross-border migration. Second, the theme of inequality complements the existing focus in the migration-development nexus on issues of poverty. Third, the chapters focus on both economic and social inequalities, often combining an analysis of different types of inequalities. The book also covers governance and migrants’ rights; gender and intersectionality; and health. The chapters in this edited volume make an original contribution to debates on the migration-development nexus as well as the literature on inequality, which often tends to focus on economic measurements of inequality at the expense of including a thorough analysis of social inequality.
Book Synopsis Evaluation of the Impact of a Mobile Health System on Adherence to Antenatal and Postnatal Care and Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV Programs in Kenya by :
Download or read book Evaluation of the Impact of a Mobile Health System on Adherence to Antenatal and Postnatal Care and Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV Programs in Kenya written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Economic Evaluation of Drug Abuse Treatment and HIV Prevention Programs in Pregnant Women by : Christina M. Lazar
Download or read book Economic Evaluation of Drug Abuse Treatment and HIV Prevention Programs in Pregnant Women written by Christina M. Lazar and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drug abuse and transmission of HIV during pregnancy are public health problems that adversely affect pregnant women, their children and surrounding communities. Programs that address this vulnerable population have the ability to be cost-effective due to resulting cost savings for mother, child and society. Economic evaluations of programs that address these issues are an important tool to better understand the costs of services and create sustainable healthcare systems. This study critically examined economic evaluations of drug abuse treatment and HIV prevention programs in pregnant women. A systematic review was conducted using the criteria recommended by the Panel on Cost-Effectiveness in Health and Medicine and the British Medical Journal (BMJ) checklist for economic evaluations. The search identified 6 economic studies assessing drug abuse treatment for pregnant women, and 12 economic studies assessing programs that focus on prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV. Results show that many programs for drug abuse treatment and PMTCT among pregnant women are cost-effective or even cost-saving. This study identified several shortcomings in methodology and lack of standardization of current economic evaluations. Efforts to address methodological challenges will help make future studies more comparable and have more influence on policy makers, clinicians and the public.
Book Synopsis Consolidated Guidelines on the Use of Antiretroviral Drugs for Treating and Preventing HIV Infection by : World Health Organization
Download or read book Consolidated Guidelines on the Use of Antiretroviral Drugs for Treating and Preventing HIV Infection written by World Health Organization and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 429 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These guidelines provide guidance on the diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, the use of antiretroviral (ARV) drugs for treating and preventing HIV infection and the care of people living with HIV. They are structured along the continuum of HIV testing, prevention, treatment and care. This edition updates the 2013 consolidated guidelines on the use of antiretroviral drugs following an extensive review of evidence and consultations in mid-2015, shared at the end of 2015, and now published in full in 2016. It is being published in a changing global context for HIV and for health more broadly.
Book Synopsis Prevention of Mother-to-Child HIV Transmission by : Tyler Elizabeth Martz
Download or read book Prevention of Mother-to-Child HIV Transmission written by Tyler Elizabeth Martz and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 69 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite the availability of highly efficacious antiretroviral drug regimens for the prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission (PMTCT), transmission rates remain higher than those achieved in clinical trials. Access to these efficacious drug regimens continues to expand rapidly in countries most affected by HIV. Such expansion is an important first step in dramatically reducing mother-to-child HIV transmission rates. However, beyond access to drug regimens, programs must also identify and address individual and structural factors impeding the utilization of and adherence to PMTCT services by the women they are designed to serve. Additional research into factors both positively or negatively associated with PMTCT service utilization could help improve PMTCT programs to further reduce transmission rates. Each of the three papers included in this dissertation examined different factors of PMTCT service utilization. The first two papers analyze secondary data from a large-scale impact evaluation of Zimbabwe’s PMTCT program. Specifically, the first paper explores the association between costs (service costs, travel time, and transportation costs) and utilization of all recommended PMTCT services. The second paper explores the relationship between the timing of a pregnant woman’s HIV-positive diagnosis, either prior to pregnancy or during antenatal care, and her utilization of PMTCT services. The hypotheses was that women who were diagnosed prior to pregnancy, having had more time to cope with their diagnosis, would complete more of the recommended PMTCT services. The final paper utilizes policy analysis methodology to examine two different implementation strategies Malawi could consider to improve lifelong adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) among women living with HIV who initiate treatment during pregnancy or breastfeeding. The two strategies proposed were: 1) for all pregnant/breastfeeding women to initiate and indefinitely receive treatment at maternal and child health clinics rather than be transferred to an ART specialty clinic, and 2) to expand access to lifelong ART, regardless of stage of disease, to any individual living with HIV in the pregnant/breastfeeding woman’s household.
Book Synopsis Evaluation of the Prevention of Mother-to-child Transmission Programme at a Primary Health Care Centre in South Africa by :
Download or read book Evaluation of the Prevention of Mother-to-child Transmission Programme at a Primary Health Care Centre in South Africa written by and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
