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Author : LE. King
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 178 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (948 download)
Download or read book Evaluation of pavement marking material for wet night conditions written by LE. King and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : LE. King
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 178 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (948 download)
Download or read book Evaluation of Pavement Marking Material for Wet Night Conditions written by LE. King and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : L. Ellis King
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 188 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Evaluation of Pavement Marking Materials for Wet Night Conditions. Final Report written by L. Ellis King and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 162 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)
Download or read book Evaluation of Wet-weather and Contrast Pavement Markings Applications written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report contains the Phase II effort on wet-night pavement markings, a benefit-cost analysis, and a study of contrast markings. Phase II effort consisted of expanding the study design from Phase I to include additional wet-night pavement marking products, the effects of glare and dry pavement on detection distances, and a benefit-cost analysis with respect to the use of different pavement marking systems to accommodate drivers under wet-night conditions.
Author : L. Ellis King
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 4 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)
Download or read book Evaluation of Pavement Marking Materials for Wet Night Conditions written by L. Ellis King and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 120 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)
Download or read book Evaluation of Wet-weather Pavement Markings written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report details the first year of a two-year project. During the first year the emphasis was on determining the wet-night visibility of various pavement marking systems under a variety of realistic rainfall levels. The researchers performed a literature review. They analyzed 20 years of Texas rainfall data to determine the most appropriate rainfall levels to use as design criteria for a rain tunnel. Using a low, medium, and high rainfall rate (0.28, 0.52, and 0.87 in. per hour, respectively), a 1600 ft long rain tunnel was designed and built at Texas A & M University's Riverside Campus. Experimental subjects drove through the rain tunnel and looked for pavement markings simulating skip lines. The researchers rotated pavement marking samples at different locations before each trial. The detection distance was recorded when the subject located the pavement marking sample. The data were analyzed in four main sections: waterborne paints, thermoplastics, tapes, and exotic materials. The analysis also included investigations into the wet-night visibility of rumble stripes, as well as wider lines. The measured dry and wet retroreflectivity measurements were analyzed, and the predictive capabilities of the wet retroreflectivity measurements were evaluated with respect to the wet-night detection distance of the markings.
Author : Ronald Bruce Gibbons
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 24 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)
Download or read book Wet Night Visibility of Pavement Markings written by Ronald Bruce Gibbons and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This executive summary describes an investigation into the performance of pavement markings in wet night conditions. The performance of a typical pavement marking will degrade when it gets wet. This is a result of the flooding of the marking optics, thereby reducing retroreflectivity. Several technologies are available to improve wet marking performance. In this project, six technologies were tested using both standard measurement methods and participant evaluations. The results show that two of the marking technologies, raised retroreflective markers and wet retroreflective tape, outperformed the group under all conditions. These markings were also highly accepted by the participants. The results also show that the standard paint and glass beads technology is the worst performing and the least desirable of those evaluated. A comparison of the ASTM retroreflectivity measurement methods and the measured luminance results also indicates that the methods are suitable for the conditions used in the evaluation; however, possible additions and corrections to the methods are outlined in this report. A follow-up study is underway to allow development of a performance-based specification for pavement markings for wet night visibility.
Author : Benjamin H. Cottrell
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 28 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)
Download or read book Evaluation of Pavement Markings for Improved Visibility During Wet Night Conditions written by Benjamin H. Cottrell and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study evaluated the night visibility of waffle tape and paint with large beads, particularly during wet night conditions. Data were collected at two sites along a primary arterial. The evaluation included an examination of (1) the application of the markings, (2) the visibility of the markings using retroreflectometer measurements and subjective assessments, and (3) the costeffectiveness of the markings. The study revealed: (1) compared with paint with standard beads, the waffle tape and paint with large beads were slightly more retroreflective during light rain at night and recovered quicker after flooding out, (2) the marginal improvement in visibility during periods of light rain do not offset the operational problems of applying paint with large beads, and (3) the benefits of waffle tape during light rain do not appear to justify its use solely for wet night visibility. Because of the above findings, snowplowable raised pavement markers, which are very visible in wet night conditions, appear to be more cost-effective. The study recommends that (1) VDOT continue to use and maimain snowplowable raised pavement markers for visibility during wet night conditions, (2) VDOT continue to monitor FHWA's study on all weather pavement markings, and (3) the Suffolk District consider testing nonsnowplowable raised pavement markers to assess their use as a low-cost alternative to improve visibility during wet night conditions where snowplowing occurs infrequently.
Author : Ronald Bruce Gibbons
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 72 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)
Download or read book Pavement Marking Visibility Requirements During Wet Night Conditions written by Ronald Bruce Gibbons and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study investigated the performance of pavement markings in wet night conditions. Typically, performance will decrease in wet conditions. The degradation is a result of flooding of the marking optics and a change in the optical media, thereby reducing retroreflectivity and the visibility distance. Several technologies are available to improve the visibility of markings under wet conditions. This study used four technologies and evaluated them in a dynamic situation. In the experiment, vehicles were driven by older participants and visibility was measured based on the detection distances of the beginning or ending of a continuous edge marking. The results indicate that a specifically designed wet retroreflective tape performed better than the currently used paint and glass bead technology. Paint with large glass beads and profiled thermoplastics also showed an improvement over the standard paint and glass bead technology. A relationship between retroreflectivity and the detection distance was found, which was used to postulate a minimum required value for visibility during wet night conditions. A value of 200 mcd/m2/lx appears to provide a reasonable detection distance for a minimum performance requirement.
Author : Donald J. Migletz
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 219 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (884 download)
Download or read book Evaluation of All-weather Pavement Markings written by Donald J. Migletz and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents the results of an evaluation of the effectiveness of all-weather pavement markings (AWPMs), which are defined as pavement markings that are visible at night under dry conditions and also under rainy conditions up to 0.635 cm (0.25 in) per hour of rainfall. The evaluation included 85 study sites at which a total of 362 longitudinal pavement marking lines of various AWPM materials were installed. The materials evaluated included epoxy, methyl methacrylate, polyester, profiled tape, thermoplastic, and waterborne paint with various sizes and mixtures of glass beads.
Author : Ronald Bruce Gibbons
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 47 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (81 download)
Download or read book Assessment of the Durability of Wet Night Visible Pavement Markings written by Ronald Bruce Gibbons and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 47 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This project encompassed a research effort to establish the durability of pavement markings in an on-road installation. Six marking technologies were installed on a portion of Route 460 in Blacksburg, Virginia. A human factors experiment in natural rain conditions was performed to establish the visibility needs of the driver. The retroreflectivity of the markings was measured at intervals of 2 to 5 months, with six measurements over the course of 23 months. The numbers of snow plow crossings and chemical treatments were also measured. Although all markings lost a considerable amount of retroreflectivity after the first winter, the markings installed in grooves or in rumble strips were shown to retain more retroreflectivity and receive less damage than markings installed on the surface of the roadway. Twenty-three months after installation, the retroreflectivity for all markings in active rain conditions had dropped below the 150 mcd/m2/lx minimum recommended from previous research. The reflective tape was the closest to maintaining the minimum with a mean retroreflectivity of 137mcd/m2/lx in 1 in/hr rain. Several other markings maintained a retroreflectivity above 84 mcd/m2/lx; this may still provide a benefit over standard paint. The study recommends that VDOT's Traffic Engineering Division install pavement markings in grooves or in rumble strips. VDOT will determine where the use of grooves or rumble strips is appropriate. Because pavement marking visibility is more critical for high-speed roadways such as interstate roadways and major arterials, these roads should be the highest priority. Grooved markings may also be desired for high-volume roadways where markings may be exposed to higher levels of wear from traffic. The study markings on Route 460 in Blacksburg should be monitored for two more years. The study team should make the measurements after each winter through 2013 and report the findings to VDOT in a brief report. VDOT staff should perform additional cost-benefit analyses to address standard VDOT policy, procedures, and practices and possible supplier warranties.
Author : Kenneth R. Agent
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 13 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (173 download)
Download or read book Evaluation of Construction-zone Pavement Marking Materials. Final Report written by Kenneth R. Agent and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 50 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (95 download)
Download or read book Evaluation of Pavement Makings on Challenging Surfaces written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this research was to conduct a field trial to evaluate the marking performance of different combinations of pavement marking materials and installation practices on challenging surfaces. The trial included a range of pavement marking products over varied roadway characteristics to assess the performance of different marking materials over different challenging surfaces by product, thickness, bead package, and whether or not a primer was applied. The research team worked with the technical advisory panel (TAP) to document pavement marking performance on several municipal roadways within the city of Eden Prairie and to organize and prepare for field testing of different marking materials on both a seal coat and micro surface roadway. These projects provide pavement marking performance on challenging surfaces information over different conditions (traffic levels and line types) apart from the MnDOT research test deck scenarios. These results provide MnDOT with a basis to consider pavement marking striping practices on challenging surfaces in terms of performance and cost. The high-build materials (primer plus VISILOK) and epoxies showed similar performance, which provides a good basis for material selection.
Author : R. W. McNees
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 132 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Temporary Pavement Marking Material Installation Procedure for Wet and Cold Pavement Conditions. Final Report written by R. W. McNees and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Neal R. Hawkins
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 154 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (77 download)
Download or read book Wet-reflective Pavement Marking Demonstration Project written by Neal R. Hawkins and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the leading complaints from drivers is the inability to see pavement markings under wet night conditions. This issue is a major source of dissatisfaction in state department of transportation (DOT) customer satisfaction surveys. Driving under wet night conditions is stressful and fatiguing for all drivers, but particularly so for the more vulnerable young and older driver age groups. This project focused on the development of a two-year, long-line test deck to allow for the evaluation and demonstration of a variety of wet-reflective pavement marking materials and treatments under wet night conditions. Having the opportunity to document the performance of these various products and treatments will assist the Iowa DOT and local agencies in determining when and where the use of these products might be most effective. Performance parameters included durability, presence, retroreflectivity, and wet night visibility. The test sections were located within Story County so that Iowa DOT management and staff, as well as local agencies, could drive these areas and provide input on the products and treatments.
Download or read book Report of Second Year and Final Report of Field Performance Evaluation of Pavement Marking Materials (1998 Texas Test Deck) written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : James Migletz
Publisher : Transportation Research Board
ISBN 13 : 0309069246
Total Pages : 165 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Long-term Pavement Marking Practices written by James Migletz and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2002 with total page 165 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 306: Long-Term Pavement Marking Practices documents the current and best practices for managing pavement marking systems, identifies future needs, and addresses driver needs and methods of communicating information to drivers, selection criteria (e.g., reflectivity, pavement service life, wet weather performance), materials (e.g., color, durability, cost), specifications, construction practices, inventory management systems, and more.
