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Evaluation Of Low Cost Intersection Countermeasures To Reduce Red Light Running Violations
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Book Synopsis Evaluation of Low-cost Intersection Countermeasures to Reduce Red-light-running Violations by : Sunanda Dissanayake
Download or read book Evaluation of Low-cost Intersection Countermeasures to Reduce Red-light-running Violations written by Sunanda Dissanayake and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 55 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Review and Evaluation of Enforcement Issues and Safety Statistics Related to Red-light-running by : James A. Bonneson
Download or read book Review and Evaluation of Enforcement Issues and Safety Statistics Related to Red-light-running written by James A. Bonneson and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objectives of this research project are to: (1) quantify the safety impact of red-light-running at intersections in Texas, and (2) provide guidelines for identifying truly problem intersections and whether enforcement or engineering countermeasures are appropriate. This report documents the findings from the first year of a two-year project. During the first year, data were collected to quantify the character and extent of red-light violations and related crashes in Texas. Data were also collected to quantify the effectiveness of intersection traffic control enforcement. The findings from a review of the literature on red-light-running and an analysis of red-light-running crash data are included in this report. A procedure for identifying and quantifying red-light-running-related crashes is described.
Book Synopsis Making Intersections Safer by : Hugh W. McGee
Download or read book Making Intersections Safer written by Hugh W. McGee and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Evaluating the Effectiveness of Red Light Running Camera Enforcement in Cedar Rapids and Developing Guidelines for Selection and Use of Red Light Running Countermeasures by : Shauna L. Hallmark
Download or read book Evaluating the Effectiveness of Red Light Running Camera Enforcement in Cedar Rapids and Developing Guidelines for Selection and Use of Red Light Running Countermeasures written by Shauna L. Hallmark and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Red light running (RLR) is a problem in the US that has resulted in 165,000 injuries and 907 fatalities annually. In Iowa, RLR-related crashes make up 24.5 percent of all crashes and account for 31.7 percent of fatal and major injury crashes at signalized intersections. RLR crashes are a safety concern due to the increased likelihood of injury compared to other types of crashes. One tool used to combat red light running is automated enforcement in the form of RLR cameras. Automated enforcement, while effective, is often controversial. Cedar Rapids, Iowa installed RLR and speeding cameras at seven intersections across the city. The intersections were chosen based on crash rates and whether cameras could feasibly be placed at the intersection approaches. The cameras were placed starting in February 2010 with the last one becoming operational in December 2010. An analysis of the effect of the cameras on safety at these intersections was determined prudent in helping to justify the installation and effectiveness of the cameras. The objective of this research was to assess the safety effectiveness of the RLR program that has been implemented in Cedar Rapids. This was accomplished by analyzing data to determine changes in the following areas: Reductions in red light violation rates based on overall changes, time of day changes, and changes by lane; Effectiveness of the cameras over time; Time in which those running the red light enter the intersection; Changes in the average headway between vehicles entering the intersection.
Book Synopsis Red-light Running Handbook Workshop Series by : James A. Bonneson
Download or read book Red-light Running Handbook Workshop Series written by James A. Bonneson and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Evaluation of Blue Confirmation Lights at Signalized Intersections in Overland Park, Kansas, to Reduce Red Light Running Violations by : Tomas Lindheimer
Download or read book Evaluation of Blue Confirmation Lights at Signalized Intersections in Overland Park, Kansas, to Reduce Red Light Running Violations written by Tomas Lindheimer and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Red Light Running (RLR) is a safety concern for communities nationwide. The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) reported that a total of 676 fatalities in 2009 were due to RLR. There are many strategies to mitigate RLR violations that fall in the categories of engineering, enforcement, or education. This research project focused on confirmation lights, a low-cost countermeasure which enhances enforcement at four-approach intersections. Confirmation lights were deployed at two intersections in Overland Park, Kansas. Traffic was observed at the treatment sites, nearby signalized intersections (spillover), and control sites. Traffic was recorded before deployment, 1 month after, and 3 months after deployment. A total of 14 intersections were recorded during the morning peak hours (7 a.m. to 9 a.m.) and the afternoon peak hours (4 p.m. to 6 p.m.) for a total of 583 hours of traffic video. A test of proportions showed that overall the confirmation lights did not significantly reduce RLR violations. A violation analysis showed that there was a global increase in RLR violations after deployment, indicating that other factors were involved in the increase of violations observed. Time into the red analysis showed that the majority of RLR violations occurred within 1 second into the red. The negative binomial regression model re-affirmed that the confirmation lights were not a significant factor in the RLR violations observed. The model showed that lane volume, presence of a right-turn lane, and traffic movement (left or through movement) were significant factors.
Book Synopsis Low-cost Safety Enhancements for Stop-controlled and Signalized Intersections by :
Download or read book Low-cost Safety Enhancements for Stop-controlled and Signalized Intersections written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The purpose of this document is to present information on suggested effective, low-cost intersection countermeasures developed using intersection safety research results and input from an intersection safety expert panel. These low-cost countermeasures can be applied to a large number of intersections with a high frequency of crashes using a systematic approach. The net impact of such an approach can produce significant reductions in statewide intersection crashes, fatalities, and serious injuries. Low-cost countermeasures are defined as those ranging from $1,000 to $50,000 per intersection"--Page 4
Book Synopsis Engineering Countermeasures to Reduce Red-light-running by : James A. Bonneson
Download or read book Engineering Countermeasures to Reduce Red-light-running written by James A. Bonneson and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Safety Evaluation of Red-light Indicator Lights (RLILs) at Intersections by : Scott Himes
Download or read book Safety Evaluation of Red-light Indicator Lights (RLILs) at Intersections written by Scott Himes and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Development of Crash Modification Factors program conducted the safety evaluation of red-light indicator lights (RLILs) at intersections for the Evaluation of Low-Cost Safety Improvements Pooled Fund Study. This study evaluated safety effectiveness of RLILs. RLILs are auxiliary lights mounted on signal heads, mast arms, or poles that are directly connected to a traffic-control signal. The RLIL activates at the onset of the red phase and allows an enforcement officer to observe red-light running from downstream of the intersection. This strategy is intended to reduce the frequency of crashes resulting from drivers disobeying traffic signals by providing a safer and more efficient means for police to enforce the red interval. Geometric, traffic, and crash data were obtained at treated four-legged signalized intersections in Florida. To account for potential selection bias and regression-to-the-mean, an empirical Bayes before–after analysis was conducted using reference groups of untreated four-legged signalized intersections with characteristics similar to those of the treated sites. The analysis also controlled for changes in traffic volumes over time and time trends in crash counts unrelated to the treatment. Results indicate statistically significant crash reductions for most crash types. Disobeyed signal crashes had an estimated crash modification factor (CMF) of 0.71. Total crashes, fatal and injury crashes, right-angle, and left-turn crashes had estimated CMFs of 0.94, 0.86, 0.91, and 0.60, respectively. The benefit-cost ratio estimated with conservative cost and service life assumptions was 92:1 for four-legged signalized intersections. The results suggest that the treatment, even with conservative assumptions on cost, service life, and the value of a statistical life, can be cost effective. In addition to the crash-related benefits, RLILs can improve the efficiency and safety of red-light running enforcement efforts. While this study did not evaluate the efficiency and safety impacts with respect to enforcement, it should be noted that RLILs do allow police to observe violators from a downstream position, eliminating the need for a second observer (upstream) and the need to pursue a violator through the red light.
Book Synopsis Intersection Safety Issue Briefs by :
Download or read book Intersection Safety Issue Briefs written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Red Light Running at Traffic Circles by : Boris Raul Claros
Download or read book Red Light Running at Traffic Circles written by Boris Raul Claros and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The complicated legacy design of traffic circles results in operational and safety deficiencies. This type of intersection design is commonly used at major roadways in Cochabamba, Bolivia. Traffic circles are intended to accommodate various types of vehicles and turning movements, and to store queues along the circulatory roadway, but the actual operational performance is poor. Traffic data was collected over the summer of 2012. Video was recorded of traffic movements from main approaches and speeds at 200 meters upstream from the intersection to determine approach speeds. A video display along with the use of pre-defined keyboard keys is used to optimize the data processing. The results of this research were found to be statistically significant and were similar to previous studies. Initially, increase in red light running rates were found to relate to higher approaching speeds and higher traffic volumes. The implementation of count-down panels in the traffic signal control did reduce red light running, but on a short-time basis only. A geometric conversion from a traffic circle to a four-legged conventional intersection was found to be a poor countermeasure for safety and operational performance. Regarding the model for estimating red light running rates, the most significant variables included in the model were Y (yellow running rate), A (small vehicle traffic flow), and G (single unit truck traffic flow).
Book Synopsis Red Light Running in Iowa by : Ali Kamyab
Download or read book Red Light Running in Iowa written by Ali Kamyab and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This research study examines the scope of red light running in Iowa, reviewed red light reduction studies and programs nationwide, and proposed countermeasures to address significant violation problems.
Book Synopsis Toolbox of Countermeasures to Reduce Red Light Running by : Shauna L. Hallmark
Download or read book Toolbox of Countermeasures to Reduce Red Light Running written by Shauna L. Hallmark and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Red light running (RLR) is a problem in the US that has resulted in 165,000 injuries and 907 fatalities annually. In Iowa, RLR-related crashes make up 24.5 percent of all crashes and account for 31.7 percent of fatal and major injury crashes at signalized intersections. RLR crashes are a safety concern due to the increased likelihood of injury compared to other types of crashes. The research team developed this toolbox for practitioners to address RLR crashes. The Four Es -- Engineering, Enforcement, Education, and Emergency Response -- should be used together to address RLR problems. However, this toolbox focuses on engineering, enforcement, and education solutions. The toolbox has two major parts: Guidelines to identify problem intersections and the causes of RLR at Intersections and Roadway-based and enforcement countermeasures for RLR.
Book Synopsis Intersections Control and Safety by : Antonio Pratelli
Download or read book Intersections Control and Safety written by Antonio Pratelli and published by WIT Press. This book was released on 2013-05-22 with total page 165 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Starting off a new series on Transport Systems and Traffic Engineering the book aims to help bridge the gap between research and practice, encouraging a critical dialogue in different, specific, subjects spanning innovation, development and technology transfer. Those who offer innovation often do not meet the immediate needs of practitioners, especially in the traditional field of civil engineering. Still, the adequate diffusion of research results and wisdom derived from practical experience are crucial to both theoretical underpinnings and technical applications.The papers forming this book are devoted to intersection control and safety and have been selected bearing in mind the criteria stated above. That is, these papers provide both scholarly contribution as well as vision for application.As a general rule, about one-third of all highway crashes happen at intersections. This rule holds for many different countries. Intersection crashes also represent a significant portion of serious injury crashes, and by right are receiving considerable attention from researchers and practitioners alike. This book is therefore devoted to relevant safety aspects of road intersections and innovative features in design and operations that may address the intersection crash problem. The thirteen papers are more or less equally devoted to roundabouts and signals. These papers cover many of the most recent and emerging issues related to intersection control and safety. Topics range from design details to driver perception, from pedestrians behaviour to signal timing, and from capacity models to red-light running. The book will be useful for those wishing to expand their knowledge of this ever important subject area.
Book Synopsis Accident Countermeasures at High-speed Signalized Intersections by : Ronald W. Eck
Download or read book Accident Countermeasures at High-speed Signalized Intersections written by Ronald W. Eck and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advance warning including flashing signs and strobe lights. Survey of traffic engineers at state and local agencies.
Book Synopsis Systemic Low-Cost Countermeasures for an Unsignalized Intersection Safety Improvement Plan for Virginia by : Cottrell, Jr. (Benjamin H.)
Download or read book Systemic Low-Cost Countermeasures for an Unsignalized Intersection Safety Improvement Plan for Virginia written by Cottrell, Jr. (Benjamin H.) and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With more than 80,000 unsignalized intersections in Virginia, determining how and where to focus limited highway safety resources through deployment of low-cost, high-benefit systemic countermeasures is paramount to beginning to reduce the number of fatal and injury crashes at unsignalized intersections in Virginia. The purpose of this study was to develop a safety improvement plan for unsignalized intersections using systemic low-cost countermeasures. The scope of the study focused on unsignalized intersections with stop sign control on the minor approaches. Virginia’s unsignalized intersection crashes over a 5-year period were assessed to determine predominant crash trends and crash types to target for treatment. Three Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT) databases (crashes, roadway inventory, and traffic counts) were combined for unsignalized intersections. Four focus collision types with the highest frequency of crashes and the greatest potential reduction in crashes were identified from the data: 3-leg angle, 3-leg fixed object off road, 4-leg angle, and 4-leg rear-end. Chi-square automatic interaction detection (CHAID) was used to perform a systemic analysis to identify a group of intersections based on independent variables (roadway inventory and traffic count variables) that were most strongly related to the focus collision types. After the crash assessment was performed, case studies of selected intersections in each group were reviewed to assess the factors that might influence the four focus collision types. A tiered list of countermeasures to deploy was developed based on the literature and input from VDOT staff. The countermeasures were intended to warn of the stop ahead, to make the stop sign and stop location more visible on the minor street, and to warn of the intersection ahead on the major street. The potential for safety improvement measure was used to prioritize the candidate treatment intersections. Before deployment, a study of the intersections conducted by district traffic engineering staff is planned in order to finalize the safety improvement plan. The output of the study is a safety improvement plan to deploy treatments to unsignalized intersections systemically as part of the safety program. The plan can be adjusted based on available funding.
Book Synopsis Providing a Better Understanding for the Motorist Behavior Towards Signal Change by : Noor Elmitiny
Download or read book Providing a Better Understanding for the Motorist Behavior Towards Signal Change written by Noor Elmitiny and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This research explores the red light running phenomena and offer a better understanding of the factors associated with it. The red light running is a type of traffic violation that can lead to angle crash and the most common counter measure is installing a red light running cameras. Red light running cameras some time can reduce the rates of red light running but because of the increased worry of the public towards crossing the intersection it can cause an increase in rear end crashes. Also the public opinion of the red light running cameras is that they are a revenue generator for the local counties and not a concern of public safety. Further more, they consider this type of enforcement as violation of privacy. There was two ways to collect the data needed for the research. One way is through a tripod cameras setup temporarily placed at the intersection. This setup can collect individual vehicles caught in the change phase with specific information about their reactions and conditions. This required extensive manual analysis for the recorded videos plus data could not be collected during adverse weather conditions. The second way was using traffic monitoring cameras permanently located at the site to collect red light running information and the simultaneous traffic conditions. This system offered more extensive information since the cameras monitor the traffic 24/7 collecting data directly. On the other hand this system lacked the ability to identify the circumstances associated with individual red light running incidents. The research team finally decided to use the two methods to study the red light running phenomena aiming to combine the benefits of the two systems. During the research the team conducted an experiment to test a red light running countermeasure in the field and evaluate the public reaction and usage of this countermeasure. The marking was previously tested in a driving simulator and proved to be successful in helping the drivers make better stop/go decisions thus reducing red light running rates without increasing the rear-end crashes. The experiment was divided into three phases; before marking installation called "before", after marking installation called "after', and following a media campaign designed to inform the public about the use of the marking the third phase called "after media" The behavior study that aimed at analyzing the motorist reactions toward the signal change interval identified factors which contributed to red light running. There important factors were: distance from the stop bar, speed of traffic, leading or following in the traffic, vehicle type. It was found that a driver is more likely to run red light following another vehicle in the intersection. Also the speeding vehicles can clear the intersection faster thus got less involved in red light running violations. The proposed "Signal Ahead" marking was found to have a very good potential as a red light running counter measure. The red light running rates in the test intersection dropped from 53 RLR/hr/1000veh for the "before" phase, to 24 RLR/hr/1000veh for the "after media" phase. The marking after media analysis period found that the marking can help the driver make stop/go decision as the dilemma zone decreased by 50 ft between the "before" and the "after media" periods. Analysis of the traffic condition associated with the red light running it revealed that relation between the traffic conditions and the red light running is non-linear, with some interactions between factors. The most important factors included in the model were: traffic volume, average speed of traffic, the percentage of green time, the percentage of heavy vehicles, the interaction between traffic volume and percentage of heavy vehicles. The most interesting finding was the interaction between the volume and the percent of heavy vehicles. As the volume increased the effect of the heavy vehicles reversed from reducing the red light running to increasing the red light. This finding may be attributed to the sight blocking that happens when a driver of a passenger car follows a larger heavy vehicle, and can be also explained by the potential frustration experienced by the motorist resulting from driving behind a bigger vehicle.
