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Evaluation Of Forest Management To Improve Breeding Habitat For Songbirds In Oak Hickory Forests At Tennessee National Wildlife Refuge
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Book Synopsis Evaluation of Forest Management to Improve Breeding Habitat for Songbirds in Oak-hickory Forests at Tennessee National Wildlife Refuge by : Benjamin S. Thatcher
Download or read book Evaluation of Forest Management to Improve Breeding Habitat for Songbirds in Oak-hickory Forests at Tennessee National Wildlife Refuge written by Benjamin S. Thatcher and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Dissertation Abstracts International by :
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 902 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Bird Densities and Diversity in Clearcut and Mature Oak-hickory Forest by : Frank Richard Thompson
Download or read book Bird Densities and Diversity in Clearcut and Mature Oak-hickory Forest written by Frank Richard Thompson and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Songbird Ecology in Southwestern Ponderosa Pine Forests by :
Download or read book Songbird Ecology in Southwestern Ponderosa Pine Forests written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Songbird Ecology in Southwestern Ponderosa Pine Forests by :
Download or read book Songbird Ecology in Southwestern Ponderosa Pine Forests written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Management of Early-successional Communities in Central Hardwood Forests by : Frank Richard Thompson
Download or read book Management of Early-successional Communities in Central Hardwood Forests written by Frank Richard Thompson and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Relative Abundance of Forest Songbirds on Cherokee National Forest and the Surrounding Southern Appalachian Region Based on Analysis of North American Breeding Bird Survey and US Forest Service Point-count Data by : Andrew Travis Isenhower
Download or read book Relative Abundance of Forest Songbirds on Cherokee National Forest and the Surrounding Southern Appalachian Region Based on Analysis of North American Breeding Bird Survey and US Forest Service Point-count Data written by Andrew Travis Isenhower and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Managed forests provide dynamic habitats that support a diversity of bird species. The Cherokee National Forest (CNF) in eastern Tennessee provides a good case study on how forest management can affect forest bird communities. Also, given that the CNF has a wide elevation gradient; it can serve as a case study for potential climate change effects on elevationally-dependent species. This thesis used a large point-count database collected on the CNF, North American Breeding Bird Survey count data, and data on various forest management and climate variables to assess how avian populations have changed over the 1992-2015 period. Using Poisson regression, I analyzed the changes in relative abundance for 18 focal songbird species that occupy a variety of forest types and age classes across an elevation gradient on the forest. I modeled each species' relative abundance with timber harvest and prescribed burning covariates to identify significant relationships. I also modeled relative abundance with climate covariates to understand if there was a climate link to changes in relative abundance on the CNF and surrounding areas. Twelve of 18 focal species on the CNF and 3 of 18 species on adjacent BBS routes had significant change (7 decline, 5 increase- CNF; 3 decline- BBS) in abundance over the 24-year period. Six of 18 species abundance trends differed depending on if the BBS route was on public land vs. private land. Four of 18 species showed positive relationships with the amount of timber harvested on the CNF and 2 of 18 species showed negative relationships with prescribed burning. Four species along BBS routes showed positive relationships with timber harvest whereas 2 species showed negative relationships. Eight of 18 focal species shifted elevation on the CNF during the study period, with 2 species moving upslope and 6 species moving downslope. Most species abundances were related to a complex interaction of temperature and precipitation covariates. In conclusion, relative abundance for many species is changing over space and time on the CNF and on adjacent BBS routes on public and private lands. Forest management and climate covariates are related to those changes for many species.
Book Synopsis Factors Influencing Avian Habitat Selection Between Oak-hickory and Mesic Forests in Southern Illinois by : Kevin Sierzega
Download or read book Factors Influencing Avian Habitat Selection Between Oak-hickory and Mesic Forests in Southern Illinois written by Kevin Sierzega and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prolific oak regeneration occurred over past centuries from anthropogenic cutting, grazing, and fire, and has declined over the past century due to decreased disturbance. Mesophication within closed-canopy forests of the eastern deciduous region has resulted. Oaks are a keystone species and provide abundant resources for forest wildlife; the ability of late-successional tree species to provide similar resources is relatively understudied. To determine the importance of oak-hickory stands for forest birds, we examined two habitat-selection hypotheses that influence avian abundance and distribution: (1) Habitat heterogeneity (i.e. differences in forest structure) and (2) Availability and distribution of food resources (i.e. index of arthropod biomass). Because beech-maple dominated stands were rare in the area of study (i.e. Shawnee National Forest (SNF)), we examined avian response across a gradient of oak-hickory to non-oak tree-species dominance. Non-oak stands were largely dominated by sugar maple, American beech, and yellow poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera). We predicted that migratory breeding-species of concern (i.e. Partners in Flight (PIF)) would respond positively to oak-dominated stands and associated vegetation (e.g. oaks and hickories) because they provide more heterogeneity and likely more food than non-oak stands and associated vegetation (e.g. yellow poplar, maples and beech). We tested two primary hypotheses to address the phenomena of concurrent forest change in eastern deciduous forests and its potential influence on arthropod biomass and arthropod community diversity: (H1) Oak and hickory species contain more total biomass, Lepidopteran biomass, and diverse insect communities per twig length unit than late-successional species (e.g. beech and maple) and (H2) Arthropod communities on oak and hickory trees within oak-dominated forest stands are more diverse than those within non-oak forest stands because the surrounding insect component-pool is likely more diverse, as predicted by the theory of island biogeography. We conducted breeding bird surveys from 30-April to 15-July 2013–2014 in the Shawnee National Forest, Illinois at 22 study sites. We characterized study sites by dominant canopy vegetation. We used a modified version of the branch-clipping technique to sample arthropods on tree species that represented a gradient of succession. We used generalized linear mixed models to examine differences in arthropod metrics. We estimated detection probabilities for PIF-concern, breeding species and modeled density as response to a priori habitat models using hierarchical distance sampling in R package unmarked. We compared best-fit habitat models for each species with a model of our derived index of food availability (i.e. mean total arthropod biomass (g/m)) for each study site. Habitat heterogeneity was higher in oak-hickory dominated sites. Aerial foragers and foliage gleaners responded predominantly to forest composition and structure, whereas ground foragers responded largely to microhabitat. Density estimates from five of seven species that included percent oak-hickory composition in top models exhibited positive responses. All species that included canopy tree diversity (n=6) in top models responded positively to increasing canopy diversity, and canopy diversity was significantly higher in oak-hickory sites than non-oak sites. Ground foragers responded chiefly to microhabitat variables (e.g. stem density and leaf litter; leaf litter was significantly denser in oak-hickory sites). Within our study area in southern Illinois, yellow poplar, oak and hickory species yielded more total arthropod biomass (g/m), Lepidopteran biomass (g/m), and guild diversity and richness than late-successional beech and maples. The largest differences were found among tree groups for estimates of arthropod biomass (g/m) and Lepidopteran biomass (g/m) response variables; yellow poplar and hickory species yielded estimates of over an order of magnitude larger than maples and beech. Oak-hickory dominated forest stands positively influenced arthropod guild diversity and richness, but biomass estimates were not affected by forest composition in the surrounding landscape. Low estimates of arthropod metrics on maples and beech from our study are concerning, as these species will become dominant in continued absence of disturbance. Heterogeneity and food biomass both influenced avian abundance of aerial foragers and foliage gleaners. Our results imply that oak-hickory stands are ecologically important for migratory forest birds of concern because heterogeneity and food resources increase as oak-hickory canopy composition increases. The process of mesophication may decrease understory vegetation diversity and structure; therefore, ground foragers will likely respond negatively to concurrent forest change as well. Oak regeneration is a challenging process to manage because oaks require frequent disturbance to achieve the high levels of light needed by this genus. Therefore, it may be beneficial to manage stands for yellow poplar dominance because this species grows rapidly. Moreover, our results suggest that yellow poplar yields comparable and higher estimates of arthropod biomass and diversity on hickories and oaks, respectively. However, foraging opportunities are likely restricted on yellow poplar because of limited structure, attributed to excurrent branching.
Book Synopsis Relative Abundance of Breeding Birds and Habitat Associations of Select Neotropical Migrant Songbirds on the Cherokee National Forest, Tennessee by : John Gary Bartlett
Download or read book Relative Abundance of Breeding Birds and Habitat Associations of Select Neotropical Migrant Songbirds on the Cherokee National Forest, Tennessee written by John Gary Bartlett and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Landscape effects on breeding songbird abundance in managed southern Appalachian forests by :
Download or read book Landscape effects on breeding songbird abundance in managed southern Appalachian forests written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many studies have demonstrated adverse effects of forest fragmentation on breeding forest songbirds in North America, and the viability of regional populations is thought to depend on large, unfragmented forests. However, we know relatively little about the landscape scale consequences of management in the forested landscapes that are presumed to be important to maintaining songbird metapopulations. The southern Appalachians, a mostly forested region, contains the largest network of public lands in the eastern U.S. Most of these public lands are managed by the U.S. Forest Service. To begin to understand the landscape scale effects of forest management in the southern Appalachians, I examined the relationship between the relative abundance of different species of breeding songbirds and local and landscape scale habitat variables in two predominately mid- to late-successional National Forests in the southern Appalachian Mountains, USA: the French Broad Ranger District of Pisgah National Forest (North Carolina) and the Nolichucky Ranger District of Cherokee National Forest (Tennessee). As part of the study, I explored two statistical problems frequently encountered in species-environment analysis: count data and spatial autocorrelation. Results from classical normal-errors regression models were similar to results from Poisson and negative binomial models that explicitly model counts. Normal-errors regression models were then modified to account for spatial autocorrelation using a conditional gaussian autoregressive model. Most species, especially Neotropical migrants, were significantly correlated with at least one landscape variable. These correlations included both landscape composition (i.e., the proportion of different landcover types) and landscape pattern (i.e., the spatial arrangement of landcover types) variables at 500 m to 2 km landscape scales. However, these landscape effects explained only a small fraction of the variation in bird relative abundance, and.
Book Synopsis Effects of Forest Management on Songbird Habitat on the Cherokee National Forest by : Nathan A. Klaus
Download or read book Effects of Forest Management on Songbird Habitat on the Cherokee National Forest written by Nathan A. Klaus and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Effects of Forest Stand Improvement Practices on Occupancy and Abundance of Breeding Songbirds in Vermont by : David Rankin
Download or read book The Effects of Forest Stand Improvement Practices on Occupancy and Abundance of Breeding Songbirds in Vermont written by David Rankin and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Silviculture can play an important role in managing avian habitat. In 2010 the Vermond Natural Resource Conservation Service, in conjunction with Audubon Vermont, implemented a timber stand improvement initiative designed to improve timber quality while increasing habitat diversity for forest breeding songbirds. To evaluate the effectiveness of this program in improving avian habitat, we conducted point count surveys of breeding birds in harvested and control sites in 2012 and 2013, 1-3 years post-harvest. Harvesting resulted in mean decreases of 18% in basal area, 10% in canopy cover, and 10% in canopy tree density while piles of woody debris per ha increased by 402%. Occupancy and abundance estimates for 24 and 18 bird species respectively were derived using Program MARK. Compared to controls, occupancy rates of four songbird species were greater on harvested sites-- rose-breasted grosbeak (Pheucticus ludovicianus), yellow-bellied sapsucker (Sphyrapicus varius), chestnut-sided warbler (Setophaga pensylvanica), and mourning warbler (Geothlypis philadelphia)-- while occupancy of one species-- black-and-white warbler (S. fusca)-- was significantly lower. Two species were significantly more abundant at harvested sites--rose-breasted grosbeak and yellow-bellied sapsucker-- while two species were less abundant-- hermit thrush (Catharus guttatus) and black-and-white warbler. Piles of woody debris left after harvests were negatively associated with site occupancy for 3 out of 10 understory species. Overall, our results suggest that this program retains all interior forest species and has a slight positive impact on gap and early successional species abundance and occupancy in the first 1-3 years post-harvest. This study provides the first quantitative examination of the impact that Vermont NRCS's Timber Stand Improvement program has had on forest breeding birds.
Book Synopsis Strategies for Bird Conservation by :
Download or read book Strategies for Bird Conservation written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume represents a compilation of papers presented at the 3rd International Partners in Flight Workshop held October 1-5, 1995, at the Grand Hotel in Cape May, NJ. The title of the workshop was 'Partners in Flight Conservation Plan: Building Consensus for Action.' Manuscripts have been available on-line at the Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology web site (http://birds.cornell.edu/pifcapemay) since the year 1999, and the majority of them have been updated recently to reflect knowledge available by the 2000 publication date. The volume is divided into seven sections that range from general planning considerations to a case study in bird conservation planning. References from all papers are compiled in a single 'References' section at the end of the volume.
Download or read book Proceedings RMRS. written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Using Multi-scalar Habitat Modelling of Wood Thrush in Central Pennsylvania to Inform Novel Forest Management by : Nathaniel Parkhill
Download or read book Using Multi-scalar Habitat Modelling of Wood Thrush in Central Pennsylvania to Inform Novel Forest Management written by Nathaniel Parkhill and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wood thrush (Hylocichla mustelina) have declined dramatically in recent decades across Eastern North American breeding grounds. With increasing fragmentation of mature eastern forests, remaining breeding habitat within large core forests becomes increasingly important for this area-sensitive species. Identifying factors influencing habitat selection in contiguous forests where wood thrush have higher nest success is important to understanding how to attract wood thrush to these higher quality sites. Focusing on the vegetation structure that influences habitat selection helps to identify important structural features. We can then emulate these features to improve wood thrush habitat in these contiguous forests which are inherently buffered from the nest predation brought on by forest fragmentation. Existing forest management guidelines for wood thrush describe conditions and identify forest stands where wood thrush are likely to be present. Improving upon these guidelines, we sought to develop within-stand forest management techniques informed by multi-scalar habitat selection. Focusing on finer scale habitat selection within-stands allowed us to identify important forest structure for developing silvicultural approaches to wood thrush breeding habitat management. In the first chapter, we took a multi-scalar approach, statistically modelling structural features driving territory and nest-site selection in order to gain a more complete understanding of breeding season habitat selection. Examining the influence of forest structure on habitat selection, we used these insights to develop and implement a novel forest management technique to provide preferred forest structure in the oak and mixed hardwood forests of Pennsylvania. In order to model the forest structure influencing territory selection, we estimated wood thrush occupancy using point counts at 241 survey points within 27 oak and mixed-hardwood stands across six study sites in Central Pennsylvania in the breeding seasons of 2018 and 2019. We collected a suite of forest structural measurements at each survey point and used an occupancy modelling approach to model both detection probability and wood thrush territory selection in terms of forest structure. We also searched for wood thrush nests opportunistically across our study sites. To model nest-site selection, we measured forest structure at each nest site and at paired available points within the surrounding territory, comparing the two with a conditional logistic regression analysis. Our best fitting territory selection model showed increasing predicted occupancy ([phi]) with increasing understory cover (0.6 at 0% understory cover versus 0.94 at 100% understory cover) and decreasing predicted occupancy with increasing woody ground cover (0.8 at 0% woody ground cover versus 0.15 at 100% woody ground cover). Occupancy did not vary with midstory cover, canopy cover, basal area, or tree species richness. Our best fitting models for nest-site selection showed higher understory and midstory cover as well as lower basal area and more canopy openness at nest sites when compared to available points within the surrounding territory. Nest-sites did not differ from surrounding territories in woody ground cover or tree species richness. Additionally, 84.77% of nests were placed in shade tolerant or intermediate species with witch hazel (Hamamelis virginiana), American beech (Fagus grandifolia), and maple (Acer spp.) saplings comprising the majority of host species. These results highlight the importance of areas within even aged oak stands undergoing uneven-aged processes such as density-independent mortality of canopy trees providing small amounts of light ideal for shade tolerant species recruitment. Territory selection understandably reflected the need for unimpeded access to the leaf litter by this ground foraging bird. Additionally, the availability of understory structure was important suggesting a consideration for suitable nest sites. Nest-site selection was primarily driven by the need for nesting substrate in the understory and midstory as well as structure consistent with natural openings in the canopy which provide light to facilitate shade tolerant understory and midstory growth. In the second chapter, we used our findings from chapter one to develop and test a silvicultural technique designed to cultivate shade tolerant understory and midstory structure in areas with little woody ground cover with a long-term goal of increasing the overall occupancy of wood thrush. We hypothesized that silvicultural techniques which mimic small, natural canopy gap formation might increase shade tolerant understory and midstory structure associated with nest-sites without compromising the overall high canopy closure requirements of wood thrush habitat. By increasing the availability of nesting substrate we hypothesized that we could increase the overall occupancy of stands already occupied by wood thrush. To test this novel silvicultural treatment, a long-term experiment was established with eight study stands, half of which received experimental canopy openings with all stands being surveyed annually by auditory point counts over the following 10 to 15 years for changes in wood thrush abundance in response to our small canopy gap treatments. In the winter of 2018/19 a total of 45 canopy openings were created across the experimental stands. In order to avoid the negative effects of high-grading, we selected medium diameter trees of low commercial value for removal. Vegetation was measured within these canopy openings and at points 50 meters away in the summer of 2020 in order to track the development of vegetation within the gaps compared to the surrounding forest matrix. These point count and vegetation surveys will be carried forward over the following decade to monitor the influence of this experimental silvicultural approach on occupancy levels of wood thrush and other forest birds.
Book Synopsis A Quantitative Analysis of Forest Habitat Selected by Breeding Songbirds in Grafton, Vermont by : Douglas Benton Inkley
Download or read book A Quantitative Analysis of Forest Habitat Selected by Breeding Songbirds in Grafton, Vermont written by Douglas Benton Inkley and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Breeding Birds and Associated Upland Habitats of Sherburne National Wildlife Refuge by : Kent A. Sundseth
Download or read book Breeding Birds and Associated Upland Habitats of Sherburne National Wildlife Refuge written by Kent A. Sundseth and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
