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Evaluating Spectroscopic And Chromatographic Techniques To Resolve Dissolved Organic Matter Characteristics In Streams During Storm Events
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Book Synopsis Evaluating Spectroscopic and Chromatographic Techniques to Resolve Dissolved Organic Matter Characteristics in Streams During Storm Events by : Miranda Anne Williams
Download or read book Evaluating Spectroscopic and Chromatographic Techniques to Resolve Dissolved Organic Matter Characteristics in Streams During Storm Events written by Miranda Anne Williams and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Resolving Spatial and Temporal Variability in Dissolved Organic Matter Characteristics Within Combined Agricultural and Stormwater Conveyances by : Bryce A. Mihalevich
Download or read book Resolving Spatial and Temporal Variability in Dissolved Organic Matter Characteristics Within Combined Agricultural and Stormwater Conveyances written by Bryce A. Mihalevich and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In many urban areas, stormwater runoff can threaten the ecological health of streams and downstream water bodies. Due to the increased impervious nature of urban landscapes, runoff is more 0́−flashy0́+ and as a result, high concentrations of pollutants can be transported in shorter periods of time than in more natural environments. One pollutant of concern is dissolved organic matter (DOM). DOM is important within aquatic ecosystems, but excess amounts can cause depletion in dissolved oxygen concentrations and can negatively affect aquatic organisms. This study investigated changes in DOM quantity and sources within the Northwest Field Canal (NWFC), an urban water conveyance located in Logan, Utah, USA that receives runoff during storm events. DOM was monitored at upstream and downstream locations within the canal and at selected stormwater outfalls within the study reach. During storm events, DOM concentrations were rapidly elevated to values orders of magnitude greater than in baseflow measurements, and were greater at the downstream site than at the upstream site, triggered by contributions from outfalls discharging into the canal. Changes in DOM composition during storm events confirmed that DOM is more terrestrially derived, whereas it is normally more microbially derived during baseflow conditions in the canal. These results provide better understanding of the composition of DOM in the canal system and may provide crucial information for future management of stormwater runoff that can potentially lead to the improvements of water quality in downstream water bodies.
Book Synopsis Aquatic Organic Matter Fluorescence by : Paula G. Coble
Download or read book Aquatic Organic Matter Fluorescence written by Paula G. Coble and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-07-14 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A core text on principles, laboratory/field methodologies, and data interpretation for fluorescence applications in aquatic science, for advanced students and researchers.
Book Synopsis Effects of Extreme Weather Events on Coastal Carbon and Nutrient Cycling by : Christopher Osburn
Download or read book Effects of Extreme Weather Events on Coastal Carbon and Nutrient Cycling written by Christopher Osburn and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-11-10 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Pulse of the Stream by : Catherine Grace Winters
Download or read book Pulse of the Stream written by Catherine Grace Winters and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biotic and abiotic factors both play critical roles in the cycling of organic matter and nutrients in aquatic ecosystems. Understanding the relative control of these factors on solute fate and transport in fluvial systems is important for understanding how climatic changes can affect water quality. Many processes that control solute cycling in streams occur at sub-daily scales, making high-frequency, in situ, sub-hourly measurements important for capturing the response of dissolved organic matter and nutrients to changes in the strength of controlling processes. The tightly coupled aquatic and terrestrial environments present in headwater streams make them particularly useful systems for studying high-frequency changes in water chemistry. In this study, we examined the patterns of dissolved organic carbon, nitrate, dissolved oxygen, temperature, dissolved organic matter fluorescence, and stream discharge using in-stream measurements at sub-hourly to monthly time scales to understand the daily and seasonal controls of aquatic organic matter and nutrient processing. We also conducted a laboratory incubation to measure the effects of dissolved organic carbon and nutrient treatments on consumption of carbon and nitrogen in our system. Our main objectives were to identify: 1) the relative controls of diel biotic and abiotic processes on stream dissolved organic carbon and nitrate-N; and 2) the mechanisms controlling rapid autumnal changes in dissolved organic carbon and nitrate-N in stream runoff. We found that hydrology plays a key role in transporting solutes to a forested headwater stream in the Piedmont Region, Maryland; however, once solutes reach the stream biotic controls dominate the stream solute patterns. Biology is an important regulator of diel patterns of streamwater dissolved organic carbon and nitrate concentrations during springtime and autumn leaf fall. Diel cycling is most apparent during the spring prior to leaf out when the water temperature is increasing. Where patterns were evident, nitrate (annual average in second order stream: 17:00) and discharge (17:28) reached their minimums during the afternoon within a few hours of the peaks in dissolved oxygen (13:16), temperature (15:17), dissolved organic carbon (16:06), and dissolved organic matter fluorescence (17:23). Larger amplitudes of dissolved oxygen, nitrate, dissolved organic carbon, and dissolved organic matter fluorescence correspond with larger daily temperature changes. Laboratory incubations showed increased consumption of nitrogen in the presence of labile carbon, but not in the presence of labile carbon plus nutrients, which indicates our system is carbon limited. Autumn dissolved organic carbon and nitrate dynamics also indicate our system is carbon limited. Increased rates of leaf litter fall corresponded with increased consumption of stream nitrate leading to a late October depression, or annual minimum, in nitrate concentration. Storm events accelerated the recovery of stream nitrate to early autumn concentrations as nitrate was mobilized and transported from soils to the stream. Hydrology is important for solute transport to and export from the stream. Autotrophic activity dominates on the daily scale, while heterotrophic activity controls seasonal responses in organic matter and nutrient cycling in this forested watershed. Carbon and nitrogen dynamics have been studied in other forested systems, as well, but the controlling processes vary among these watershed. Our results highlight the importance of understanding controlling processes within specific watersheds when making large scale predictions of the potential export of carbon and nitrogen from forested systems.
Book Synopsis Selected Water Resources Abstracts by :
Download or read book Selected Water Resources Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 962 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Source Tracing of Dissolved Organic Matter (DOM) in Watersheds Using UV and Fluorescence Spectroscopy by : Jessica Wong
Download or read book Source Tracing of Dissolved Organic Matter (DOM) in Watersheds Using UV and Fluorescence Spectroscopy written by Jessica Wong and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In aquatic ecosystems, dissolved organic matter (DOM) is an important source of detrital energy on which microorganisms rely. However, its dynamics are not well understood in an ecological context. By isolating watershed sources, the work reported in this thesis has attempted to characterize the seasonal patterns of DOM in the hyporheic zone of a temperate stream and to find the likely sources that contribute to this pool of organic carbon. Hyporheic DOM characteristics described by UV spectroscopy indicated temporal rather than spatial dependence. Excitation-emission matrices (EEMs) showed that hyporheic DOM was mainly comprised of fulvic- and humic-like fluorescence with small amounts of protein-like fluorescence. Increases in dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations from birch litter isolates were greater than those from cedar litter in early autumn, but less in late autumn. Although streambed biofilm was not significant in increasing DOC concentrations, it was also a source of protein-like fluorescence.
Book Synopsis Characterization of Rainwater Dissolved Organic Matter by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy by : Brennan Carter Opanasenko
Download or read book Characterization of Rainwater Dissolved Organic Matter by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy written by Brennan Carter Opanasenko and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 69 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Mass Spectrometry of Soils by : Thomas Boutton
Download or read book Mass Spectrometry of Soils written by Thomas Boutton and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1996-05-30 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work provides detailed coverage of the applications of proven spectometric techniques in soil science. It presents analytical approaches important in the study of pool sizes and the dynamics of macro- and micronutrients, the structure and function of soil organic matter, and the co-evolution of soils, plant communities and climate. Interdisciplinary perspectives from soil science, ecology, geology, chemistry, biogeochemistry, agronomy and physics, are offered.
Book Synopsis Significance of the Hyporheic Zone and Runoff on the Water Chemistry of the Stream Water in a Small Tributary of the Olentangy River by : Samantha Haught
Download or read book Significance of the Hyporheic Zone and Runoff on the Water Chemistry of the Stream Water in a Small Tributary of the Olentangy River written by Samantha Haught and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A study of a small, unnamed tributary of the Olentangy River, Franklin County, Ohio, shows the role of storm events in controlling solute concentrations in the stream water, the hyporheic zone and the runoff within the watershed. The stream, located in Columbus, Ohio, is hosted in the Devonian Columbus limestone and the overlying glacial till. The first order stream, with a watershed of 4.07 square kilometers in area, hosts a variety of landuses, including open fields, forests, residential areas, parks and the Ohio State University's airport. Collection of samples during both storm events and stream baseflow conditions were analyzed for major cations and anions, nutrients, reactive silica, dissolved organic carbon, total suspended solids, pH and titration alkalinity. The mean concentration of dissolved organic carbon was 5.25 mg/L for the hyporheic zone and 4.02 mg/L for the surface water. Stream water showed significantly higher concentrations of fluoride, strontium, sulfate, potassium and magnesium when compared to the surface runoff. The primary control of these ions is due to the limestone bedrock. Organic carbon concentrations decreased in the hyporheic zone during storm events, but increased in the stream water. This observation suggests that the hyporheic zone is the source for organic carbon to the stream water. All other constituents analyzed were consistent throughout the entire stud
Book Synopsis Dynamics of Dissolved Organic Matter Composition in Scottish Rivers and Headwater Streams by : Sara Trojahn
Download or read book Dynamics of Dissolved Organic Matter Composition in Scottish Rivers and Headwater Streams written by Sara Trojahn and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Watershed Management for Potable Water Supply by : National Research Council
Download or read book Watershed Management for Potable Water Supply written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-02-17 with total page 569 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1997, New York City adopted a mammoth watershed agreement to protect its drinking water and avoid filtration of its large upstate surface water supply. Shortly thereafter, the NRC began an analysis of the agreement's scientific validity. The resulting book finds New York City's watershed agreement to be a good template for proactive watershed management that, if properly implemented, will maintain high water quality. However, it cautions that the agreement is not a guarantee of permanent filtration avoidance because of changing regulations, uncertainties regarding pollution sources, advances in treatment technologies, and natural variations in watershed conditions. The book recommends that New York City place its highest priority on pathogenic microorganisms in the watershed and direct its resources toward improving methods for detecting pathogens, understanding pathogen transport and fate, and demonstrating that best management practices will remove pathogens. Other recommendations, which are broadly applicable to surface water supplies across the country, target buffer zones, stormwater management, water quality monitoring, and effluent trading.
Book Synopsis Characterization of Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter with Iron Chelates in Rain Water by : Lorri Resetar
Download or read book Characterization of Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter with Iron Chelates in Rain Water written by Lorri Resetar and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Development of Statistical Methods of Analysis of the IR Spectra of Dissolved Organic Matter by : Deborah Downes
Download or read book Development of Statistical Methods of Analysis of the IR Spectra of Dissolved Organic Matter written by Deborah Downes and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Characterisation of Dissolved Organic Material in Freshwater by Size-exclusion Chromatography Coupled to Electrospray Mass Spectrometry by : Brian Ker Dimock
Download or read book Characterisation of Dissolved Organic Material in Freshwater by Size-exclusion Chromatography Coupled to Electrospray Mass Spectrometry written by Brian Ker Dimock and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 1091 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis IDENTIFICATION OF VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS IN WATER BY GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY/MASS SPECTROMETRY USING PURGE-AND-TRAP SAMPLE CONCENTRATION AND INTRODUCTION. by : Bruce T. Heitke
Download or read book IDENTIFICATION OF VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS IN WATER BY GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY/MASS SPECTROMETRY USING PURGE-AND-TRAP SAMPLE CONCENTRATION AND INTRODUCTION. written by Bruce T. Heitke and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this investigation was to evaluate the purge and trap methods and the Hewlett-Packard model 7675A purge-and-trap sampler for the identification of volatile compounds in water by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The manner in which this instrument accomplished the transfer of volatile components in water to the chromatographic column is thoroughly described. Guidance is given to the analyst in the specification of operating parameters for the optimization of this transfer. The instrument was evaluated with both packed and capillary columns by using: (1) the volatile organics among Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA's) priority pollutants and (2) ground water samples from Rocky Mountain Arsenal. The Hewlett-Packard model 7675A purge-and-trap sampler proved to be adequate for identifying removable organic compounds in water at concentrations of 4 ng/ml (4 ppb) provided that packed-column chromatography is sufficient to resolve the components. This instrument is not suitable for capillary column applications.
Book Synopsis Seasonal Variability of Dissolved Organic Matter in the Columbia River by : Urban Wünsch
Download or read book Seasonal Variability of Dissolved Organic Matter in the Columbia River written by Urban Wünsch and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
