Ethnicity And War

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Modern Hatreds

Author : Stuart J. Kaufman
Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 1501702009
Total Pages : 275 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis Modern Hatreds by : Stuart J. Kaufman

Download or read book Modern Hatreds written by Stuart J. Kaufman and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2015-05-26 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ethnic conflict has been the driving force of wars all over the world, yet it remains an enigma. What is it about ethnicity that breaks countries apart and drives people to acts of savage violence against their lifelong neighbors? Stuart Kaufman rejects the notion of permanent "ancient hatreds" as the answer. Dissatisfied as well with a purely rationalist explanation, he finds the roots of ethnic violence in myths and symbols, the stories ethnic groups tell about who they are. Ethnic wars, Kaufman argues, result from the politics of these myths and symbols—appeals to flags and faded glories that aim to stir emotions rather than to address interests. Popular hostility based on these myths impels groups to follow extremist leaders invoking such emotion-laden ethnic symbols. If ethnic domination becomes their goal, ethnic war is the likely result. Kaufman examines contemporary ethnic wars in the Caucasus and southeastern Europe. Drawing on information from a variety of sources, including visits to the regions and dozens of personal interviews, he demonstrates that diplomacy and economic incentives are not enough to prevent or end ethnic wars. The key to real conflict resolution is peacebuilding—the often-overlooked effort by nongovernmental organizations to change hostile attitudes at both the elite and the grassroots levels.

The Myth of Ethnic War

Author : V. P. Gagnon, Jr.
Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 0801468884
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (14 download)

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Book Synopsis The Myth of Ethnic War by : V. P. Gagnon, Jr.

Download or read book The Myth of Ethnic War written by V. P. Gagnon, Jr. and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2013-05-15 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The wars in Bosnia-Herzegovina and in neighboring Croatia and Kosovo grabbed the attention of the western world not only because of their ferocity and their geographic location, but also because of their timing. This violence erupted at the exact moment when the cold war confrontation was drawing to a close, when westerners were claiming their liberal values as triumphant, in a country that had only a few years earlier been seen as very well placed to join the west. In trying to account for this outburst, most western journalists, academics, and policymakers have resorted to the language of the premodern: tribalism, ethnic hatreds, cultural inadequacy, irrationality; in short, the Balkans as the antithesis of the modern west. Yet one of the most striking aspects of the wars in Yugoslavia is the extent to which the images purveyed in the western press and in much of the academic literature are so at odds with evidence from on the ground."—from The Myth of Ethnic War V. P. Gagnon Jr. believes that the Yugoslav wars of the 1990s were reactionary moves designed to thwart populations that were threatening the existing structures of political and economic power. He begins with facts at odds with the essentialist view of ethnic identity, such as high intermarriage rates and the very high percentage of draft-resisters. These statistics do not comport comfortably with the notion that these wars were the result of ancient blood hatreds or of nationalist leaders using ethnicity to mobilize people into conflict. Yugoslavia in the late 1980s was, in Gagnon's view, on the verge of large-scale sociopolitical and economic change. He shows that political and economic elites in Belgrade and Zagreb first created and then manipulated violent conflict along ethnic lines as a way to short-circuit the dynamics of political change. This strategy of violence was thus a means for these threatened elites to demobilize the population. Gagnon's noteworthy and rather controversial argument provides us with a substantially new way of understanding the politics of ethnicity.

Ethnic Conflict

Author : Neal G. Jesse
Publisher : CQ Press
ISBN 13 : 1483316750
Total Pages : 471 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (833 download)

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Book Synopsis Ethnic Conflict by : Neal G. Jesse

Download or read book Ethnic Conflict written by Neal G. Jesse and published by CQ Press. This book was released on 2010-02-09 with total page 471 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As ethnic groups clash, the international community faces the challenge of understanding the multiple causes of violence and formulating solutions that will bring about peace. Allowing for greater insight, Jesse and Williams bridge two sub-fields of political science in Ethnic Conflict—international relations and comparative politics. They systematically apply a "levels of analysis" framework, looking at the individual, domestic, and international contexts to better explore and understand its complexity. Five case study chapters apply the book’s framework to disputes around the world and include coverage of Bosnia, the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, Northern Ireland, Sri Lanka, and Sudan. Never losing sight of their analytical framework, the authors provide richly detailed case studies that help students understand both the unique and shared causes of each conflict. Students will appreciate the book’s logical presentation and excellent pedagogical features including detailed maps that show political, demographic, and cultural data.

Europe and Ethnicity

Author : Seamus Dunn
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134811268
Total Pages : 236 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (348 download)

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Book Synopsis Europe and Ethnicity by : Seamus Dunn

Download or read book Europe and Ethnicity written by Seamus Dunn and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2005-08-04 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 1990s have seen an upsurge in ethnic tensions in many parts of Europe. Europe and Ethnicity suggests the main reasons are to be found in the decisions taken during the first world and at Versailles. * An introductory chapter analyzes the context of the war with particular reference to regions and states where the national and ethnic questions were particularly complex and intransigent * Subsequent chapters present case studies from arenas of conflict: Ireland to Yugoslavia; the Middle East to the Baltic states; Austria, Hungary and Czechoslovakia. Europe and Ethnicity confirms the mixed legacy of the period for the ethnic stability of the areas examined, while taking into account the impact of the Second World War and the ending of the Cold War.

The Geography of Ethnic Violence

Author : Monica Duffy Toft
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 1400835747
Total Pages : 241 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (8 download)

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Book Synopsis The Geography of Ethnic Violence by : Monica Duffy Toft

Download or read book The Geography of Ethnic Violence written by Monica Duffy Toft and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2010-01-01 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Geography of Ethnic Violence is the first among numerous distinguished books on ethnic violence to clarify the vital role of territory in explaining such conflict. Monica Toft introduces and tests a theory of ethnic violence, one that provides a compelling general explanation of not only most ethnic violence, civil wars, and terrorism but many interstate wars as well. This understanding can foster new policy initiatives with real potential to make ethnic violence either less likely or less destructive. It can also guide policymakers to solutions that endure. The book offers a distinctively powerful synthesis of comparative politics and international relations theories, as well as a striking blend of statistical and historical case study methodologies. By skillfully combining a statistical analysis of a large number of ethnic conflicts with a focused comparison of historical cases of ethnic violence and nonviolence--including four major conflicts in the former Soviet Union--it achieves a rare balance of general applicability and deep insight. Toft concludes that only by understanding how legitimacy and power interact can we hope to learn why some ethnic conflicts turn violent while others do not. Concentrated groups defending a self-defined homeland often fight to the death, while dispersed or urbanized groups almost never risk violence to redress their grievances. Clearly written and rigorously documented, this book represents a major contribution to an ongoing debate that spans a range of disciplines including international relations, comparative politics, sociology, and history.

War and Ethnicity

Author : David Turton
Publisher : Boydell & Brewer Ltd
ISBN 13 : 9780851158693
Total Pages : 284 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (586 download)

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Book Synopsis War and Ethnicity by : David Turton

Download or read book War and Ethnicity written by David Turton and published by Boydell & Brewer Ltd. This book was released on 2002 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes statistics.

Ethnic Politics and State Power in Africa

Author : Philip Roessler
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107176077
Total Pages : 419 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (71 download)

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Book Synopsis Ethnic Politics and State Power in Africa by : Philip Roessler

Download or read book Ethnic Politics and State Power in Africa written by Philip Roessler and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016-12-15 with total page 419 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book models the trade-off that rulers of weak, ethnically-divided states face between coups and civil war. Drawing evidence from extensive field research in Sudan and the Democratic Republic of the Congo combined with statistical analysis of most African countries, it develops a framework to understand the causes of state failure.

Ethnic Conflict

Author : William A. Stofft
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 32 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Ethnic Conflict by : William A. Stofft

Download or read book Ethnic Conflict written by William A. Stofft and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ethnic conflict is an elemental force in international politics and a major threat to regional security and stability. Ethnicity as a source of conflict has deep historic roots. Many such conflicts lay dormant, suppressed by the Soviet empire or overshadowed by the ideological competition of the cold war. Both protagonists in the cold war demonstrated unwarranted optimism about their ability to defuse ethnicity and ethnic conflict. Marxists believed that ethnicity would give way to "proletarian internationalism." Social class and economic welfare would determine both self-identity and loyalty to political institutions that would transcend ethnic identification or religious affiliation. Western democracies assumed that "nation building" and economic development were not only vital components in the strategy to contain communist expansion, but that capitalism, economic prosperity, and liberal democratic values would also create free societies with a level of political development measured by loyalty to the state rather than to the narrower ethnic group. Instead, the goals of assimilation and integration within the larger context of economic and political development are being replaced by violent ethnic corrections to artificially imposed state boundaries. The Balkan and Transcaucasian conflicts, for example, are ancient in origin and have as their object the territorial displacement of entire ethnic groups. Such conflicts by their nature defy efforts at mediation from outside, since they are fed by passions that do not yield to "rational" political compromise. They are, as John Keegan describes in his most recent study of war, "apolitical" to a degree for which Western strategists have made little allowance.1 The demise of European communism and the Russian empire has unleashed this century's third wave of ethnic nationalism and conflict. The first came in the wake of the collapsing Ottoman, Russian, and Austro-Hungarian empires which came to a climax after World War I; the second followed the end of European colonialism after World War II.

The International Spread of Ethnic Conflict

Author : David A. Lake
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691219753
Total Pages : 408 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (912 download)

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Book Synopsis The International Spread of Ethnic Conflict by : David A. Lake

Download or read book The International Spread of Ethnic Conflict written by David A. Lake and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2020-10-06 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The wave of ethnic conflict that has recently swept across parts of Eastern Europe, the former Soviet Union, and Africa has led many political observers to fear that these conflicts are contagious. Initial outbreaks in such places as Bosnia, Chechnya, and Rwanda, if not contained, appear capable of setting off epidemics of catastrophic proportions. In this volume, David Lake and Donald Rothchild have organized an ambitious, sophisticated exploration of both the origins and spread of ethnic conflict, one that will be useful to policymakers and theorists alike. The editors and contributors argue that ethnic conflict is not caused directly by intergroup differences or centuries-old feuds and that the collapse of the Soviet Union did not simply uncork ethnic passions long suppressed. They look instead at how anxieties over security, competition for resources, breakdown in communication with the government, and the inability to make enduring commitments lead ethnic groups into conflict, and they consider the strategic interactions that underlie ethnic conflict and its effective management. How, why, and when do ethnic conflicts either diffuse by precipitating similar conflicts elsewhere or escalate by bringing in outside parties? How can such transnational ethnic conflicts best be managed? Following an introduction by the editors, which lays a strong theoretical foundation for approaching these questions, Timur Kuran, Stuart Hill, Donald Rothchild, Colin Cameron, Will H. Moore, and David R. Davis examine the diffusion of ideas across national borders and ethnic alliances. Without disputing that conflict can spread, James D. Fearon, Stephen M. Saideman, Sandra Halperin, and Paula Garb argue that ethnic conflict today is primarily a local phenomenon and that it is breaking out in many places simultaneously for similar but largely independent reasons. Stephen D. Krasner, Daniel T. Froats, Cynthia S. Kaplan, Edmond J. Keller, Bruce W. Jentleson, and I. William Zartman focus on the management of transnational ethnic conflicts and emphasize the importance of domestic confidence-building measures, international intervention, and preventive diplomacy.

Unwinnable Wars

Author : David Callahan
Publisher : Macmillan
ISBN 13 : 0809016109
Total Pages : 290 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Unwinnable Wars by : David Callahan

Download or read book Unwinnable Wars written by David Callahan and published by Macmillan. This book was released on 1997 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this new book, David Callahan offers a thorough history of ethnic conflicts both before and after the fall of Communism. He outlines the failures and successes of American diplomacy's haphazard approaches to this strife, and offers compelling evidence of the need for a consistent American policy toward ethnic conflict, a policy that should extend beyond the peace of individual countries to international trade, economics, the environment, and more. Callahan's sensible recommendations for how to predict and prevent ethnic conflicts - and intervene when necessary - will prove invaluable for all those interested in the global power of the United States in the next century.

Ethnic Conflict

Author : Stefan Wolff
Publisher : Oxford University Press on Demand
ISBN 13 : 0192805886
Total Pages : 247 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (928 download)

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Book Synopsis Ethnic Conflict by : Stefan Wolff

Download or read book Ethnic Conflict written by Stefan Wolff and published by Oxford University Press on Demand. This book was released on 2007 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why is it that Catholics and Protestants in Northern Ireland have been in perpetual conflict for thirty years when they can live and prosper together elsewhere? Why was there a bloody civil war in Bosnia and Herzegovina when Croats, Serbs, and Muslims had lived peacefully side-by-side fordecades? Why did nobody see and act upon the early warning signs of genocide in Rwanda that eventually killed close to a million people in a matter of weeks? What is it that makes Kashmir potentially worth a nuclear war between India and Pakistan?In recent years hardly a day has gone by when ethnic conflict in some part of the world has not made headline news. The violence involved in these conflicts continues to destabilize entire regions, hamper social and economic development, and cause unimaginable human suffering. And the extensivemedia coverage of these conflicts all too often raises important questions that it signally fails to answer.This book aims to fill this gap. Drawing on the author's long experience of studying such conflicts around the world and his involvment in attempts to resolve them, it provides an illuminating and accessible introduction to the origins, dynamics, and management of ethnic conflict. In doing so, ithelps explain the fundamental question underlying all these conflicts: why do nationalism and ethnicity still have such terrible power to turn neighbour against neighbour?

Civil War Citizens

Author : Susannah J. Ural
Publisher : NYU Press
ISBN 13 : 0814785719
Total Pages : 250 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (147 download)

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Book Synopsis Civil War Citizens by : Susannah J. Ural

Download or read book Civil War Citizens written by Susannah J. Ural and published by NYU Press. This book was released on 2010-11-22 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At its core, the Civil War was a conflict over the meaning of citizenship. Most famously, it became a struggle over whether or not to grant rights to a group that stood outside the pale of civil-society: African Americans. But other groups--namely Jews, Germans, the Irish, and Native Americans--also became part of this struggle to exercise rights stripped from them by legislation, court rulings, and the prejudices that defined the age. Grounded in extensive research by experts in their respective fields, Civil War Citizens is the first volume to collectively analyze the wartime experiences of those who lived outside the dominant white, Anglo-Saxon Protestant citizenry of nineteenth-century America. The essays examine the momentous decisions made by these communities in the face of war, their desire for full citizenship, the complex loyalties that shaped their actions, and the inspiring and heartbreaking results of their choices-- choices that still echo through the United States today. Contributors: Stephen D. Engle, William McKee Evans, David T. Gleeson, Andrea Mehrländer, Joseph P. Reidy, Robert N. Rosen, and Susannah J. Ural.

War without Mercy

Author : John Dower
Publisher : Pantheon
ISBN 13 : 0307816141
Total Pages : 411 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (78 download)

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Book Synopsis War without Mercy by : John Dower

Download or read book War without Mercy written by John Dower and published by Pantheon. This book was released on 2012-03-28 with total page 411 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: WINNER OF THE NATIONAL BOOK CRITICS CIRCLE AWARD • AN AMERICAN BOOK AWARD FINALIST • A monumental history that has been hailed by The New York Times as “one of the most original and important books to be written about the war between Japan and the United States.” In this monumental history, Professor John Dower reveals a hidden, explosive dimension of the Pacific War—race—while writing what John Toland has called “a landmark book ... a powerful, moving, and evenhanded history that is sorely needed in both America and Japan.” Drawing on American and Japanese songs, slogans, cartoons, propaganda films, secret reports, and a wealth of other documents of the time, Dower opens up a whole new way of looking at that bitter struggle of four and a half decades ago and its ramifications in our lives today. As Edwin O. Reischauer, former ambassador to Japan, has pointed out, this book offers “a lesson that the postwar generations need most ... with eloquence, crushing detail, and power.”

Ethnic Politics and Conflict/Violence

Author : Erika Forsberg
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351725289
Total Pages : 243 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (517 download)

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Book Synopsis Ethnic Politics and Conflict/Violence by : Erika Forsberg

Download or read book Ethnic Politics and Conflict/Violence written by Erika Forsberg and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-10-18 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ethnicity is one of the most salient and enduring topics of social science, not least with regard to its potential link to political conflict/violence. Despite, or perhaps because of, the concept’s significant use, all too seldom has the field paused to consider the state of our knowledge. For example, how do we define and conceive of ethnicity within the context of political conflict? What do we really know about the causal determinants of ethnic conflict? What has been the most useful development within this literature, and why? This volume comprises reflections from an international range of prominent political scientists all engaged in the study of ethnicity and conflict/violence. They attempt to synthesize what the field does and does not know with regard to ethnic conflict, as well as draw out the research directions for the immediate future in unique and interesting ways. This book was originally published as a special issue of the journal Ethnopolitics.

The Logic of Ethnic and Religious Conflict in Africa

Author : John F. McCauley
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107175011
Total Pages : 255 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (71 download)

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Book Synopsis The Logic of Ethnic and Religious Conflict in Africa by : John F. McCauley

Download or read book The Logic of Ethnic and Religious Conflict in Africa written by John F. McCauley and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-05-03 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book is aimed at students and scholars of conflict, Africa, ethnic politics, and religion. It may also appeal to religious and political leaders. It proposes a new perspective on how ethnicity and religion shape political outcomes and violence in Africa, adding psychological elements to standard political science arguments.

Colonialism, Ethnicity and War in Angola

Author : Vasco Martins
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000224791
Total Pages : 184 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Colonialism, Ethnicity and War in Angola by : Vasco Martins

Download or read book Colonialism, Ethnicity and War in Angola written by Vasco Martins and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-11-19 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Making a fresh contribution to our understanding of the history of Angola, this book explores the impact of social, political and economic change upon the largest ethnic group of the country, the Ovimbundu. Based on extensive fieldwork conducted in Angola, including oral testimonies and life stories, participant-observation, and archival materials, this book shifts the viewpoint from the colonial enterprise, international politics and ideological alignments to focus on African experiences and responses. The author analyses the transformations introduced by Christianity and colonialisation and how they contributed to politicised modern notions of ethnic identity, creating communal imaginaries that began manifesting during Angolan’s anti-colonial war. He then explains how the weaving of this ethno-political landscape assisted UNITA’s mobilisation of significant parts of the Ovimbundu during the civil-war, essentially deepening popular belief in the axiom Ovimbundu-UNITA, and how the latter created a national imaginary that echoed social anxieties and moral discourses. The book then explores the links between ethnicity, politics and war on the quality of post-war citizenship in Angola, particularly on people’s integration in the citizenry or marginalisation from it. Articulating a reading of ethnicity that connects high politics and elite based explanations with how ordinary people feel and discuss ethnicity, politics and citizenship, this book will be of interest to scholars of African history and politics, as well as ethnicity and nationalism.

Understanding Ethnic Violence

Author : Roger D. Petersen
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521007740
Total Pages : 316 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (77 download)

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Book Synopsis Understanding Ethnic Violence by : Roger D. Petersen

Download or read book Understanding Ethnic Violence written by Roger D. Petersen and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2002-09-02 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book seeks to identify the motivations of individual perpetrators of ethnic violence. The work develops four models, labeled Fear, Hatred, Resentm ent, and Rage, gleaned from existing social science literatures. The empirical chapters apply these four models to important events of ethnic conflict in Eastern Europe, from the 1905 Russian Revolution to the collapse of Yugoslavia in the 1990's. Each historical chapter generates questions about the timing and target of ethnic violence. The four models are then applied to the case, to learn which does the best job in explaining the observed patterns of ethnic conflict.