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Estudio Comparativo De Las Tecnologias De Eliminacion De Fosforo De Aguas Residuales
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Book Synopsis Estudio comparativo de las tecnologías de eliminación de fósforo de aguas residuales by : David González Ibáñez
Download or read book Estudio comparativo de las tecnologías de eliminación de fósforo de aguas residuales written by David González Ibáñez and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Estudio de alternativas de eliminación y valorización de fósforo de las corrientes de retorno a cabecera en plantas de tratamiento de aguas residuales urbanas (Simulación y elección de la mejor tecnología diponible) by : Elena Lacort Maza
Download or read book Estudio de alternativas de eliminación y valorización de fósforo de las corrientes de retorno a cabecera en plantas de tratamiento de aguas residuales urbanas (Simulación y elección de la mejor tecnología diponible) written by Elena Lacort Maza and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: El presente estudio tiene por objeto el análisis de los procesos de eliminación y valorización del fósforo en las corrientes de retorno a cabecera de dos EDAR típicas del Área Metropolitana de Barcelona, la EDAR del Prat (con digestión anaerobia) y la EDAR de Besòs (sin digestión anaerobia). Primeramente, se han contrastado diferentes alternativas de eliminación de fósforo, tales como la eliminación biológica o la precipitación química, así como la recuperación de fósforo mediante la precipitación de estruvita. Después, se ha simulado el proceso de depuración con el programa de modelización de procesos de tratamiento de aguas residuales (BIOWIN), que ha permitido obtener resultados para evaluar el grado de eficiencia del proceso. Se ha comprobado que en la EDAR del Prat tiene sentido introducir la precipitación de estruvita, puesto que la recuperación del fósforo sería de un 10% y podría ser aplicado al suelo como fertilizante en forma de estruvita. En cambio, en la EDAR de Besòs, no se podría aplicar ya que no hay una corriente de retorno demasiado cargada de fósforo y la eficiencia del proceso no aumenta demasiado al inducir la precipitación de estruvita. Finalmente, se han presentado a nivel informativo algunos procesos de cristalización de estruvita comercializados y se ha realizado una estimación del coste de inversión, así como de las ganancias obtenidas de la implantación de un sistema de precipitación de estruvita.
Book Synopsis Comparative Study on the Treatment of a High-strenght P-nitrophenol Wastewater by : Mariángel Martín Hernández
Download or read book Comparative Study on the Treatment of a High-strenght P-nitrophenol Wastewater written by Mariángel Martín Hernández and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: El p-Nitrophenol (PNP) es un compuesto que tiene numerosas aplicaciones en la industria química; es empleado como materia prima en la industria farmacéutica, de pesticidas y en la manufactura de cuero. Sin embargo, es un compuesto dañino para los humanos, los animales y el medio ambiente. Exposiciones repetidas al PNP pueden causar daños en los glóbulos rojos, en el sistema nervioso central y efectos mutagénicos. La selección del tratamiento adecuado para la remediación de aguas residuales industriales que contengan compuestos recalcitrantes, como el PNP, depende de la naturaleza del compuesto, su concentración y su carga. Por consiguiente, en esta tesis se realizó un estudio comparativo de diferentes tecnologías para el tratamiento de aguas residuales que contienen altas concentraciones de PNP tomando en cuenta las características de dichas aguas. Primeramente, se estudió el tratamiento biológico de aguas contaminadas con PNP en un reactor aeróbico secuencial por lotes (SBR). La puesta en marcha del reactor fue realizada utilizando como inóculo biomasa no aclimatada, proveniente de una estación depuradora de aguas urbanas, y agua sintética que contenía una mezcla de PNP y glucosa – sacarosa como fuentes de carbono. Se aplicó una estrategia operacional específica con el objetivo de desarrollar lodos activos del tipo estrategas de la K. Durante todo el período de operación se obtuvo un 100% de eliminación del PNP. Se realizaron estudios respirométricos para caracterizar cinéticamente los degradadores de PNP. Los valores cinéticos obtenidos confirmaron que la biomasa obtenida es del tipo estrategas de la K, demostrando consecuentemente el éxito de la estrategia de operación. En segundo lugar, se empleó como tratamiento la bioaumentación utilizando una población microbiana aclimatada a consumir PNP en un reactor que recibió choques de carga de PNP transitorios o continuos. Se estudió el efecto de la cantidad de población microbiana añadida empleando dos dosis diferentes obteniéndose la eliminación total del PNP durante el choque. Se demostró que la dosis de lodos especializados es el factor clave para una estrategia de bioaumentación exitosa. Este hecho, fue confirmado monitorizando la población microbiana durante los experimentos mediante la hibridación fluorescente in-situ . Asimismo, la puesta en marcha del reactor bioaumentado fue más rápida y estable en comparación con el reactor no bioaumentado. Finalmente, en el caso de aguas residuales altamente concentradas en PNP que no pueden ser degradadas en un reactor biológico, se realizó la oxidación húmeda (WAO) y la oxidación húmeda catalítica (CWAO) con el objetivo de incrementar la biodegradabilidad de los efluentes. Se estudió la influencia de la temperatura, presión parcial de oxígeno, tipo de catalizador, pH y fuerza iónica. Se realizaron diversos experimentos con cuatro catalizadores basados en Pt y Ru. La mejora en la biodegradabilidad de los efluentes fue analizada mediante ensayos respirométricos. Los resultados muestran que la eliminación de PNP fue mayor a 90% en la mayoría de los casos, siendo la temperatura el factor más importante. Más aún, la biodegradabilidad de los efluentes mejoró en más de 50% en la mayoría de los casos y se incrementaba a medida que la fracción de ácidos carboxílicos en el efluente era mayor. Así pues, se determinó que la integración de CWAO con un tratamiento biológico permitiría la eliminación del PNP y de los intermediarios que se forman durante la primera etapa del tratamiento. En conclusión, esta investigación contribuye a una comprensión más profunda de la dinámica de degradación del PNP bajo diferentes tecnologías y provee de una herramienta para la selección de la mejor tecnología de tratamiento disponible.
Book Synopsis Eliminación biológica de fósforo en aguas residuales urbanas[ by : José Villaseñor Camacho
Download or read book Eliminación biológica de fósforo en aguas residuales urbanas[ written by José Villaseñor Camacho and published by Univ de Castilla La Mancha. This book was released on 2001 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Estudio comparado de la eliminación de patógenos en sistemas naturales de tratamiento de aguas residuales by : Mercedes García García
Download or read book Estudio comparado de la eliminación de patógenos en sistemas naturales de tratamiento de aguas residuales written by Mercedes García García and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Estudio económico sobre la recuperación de fosfato mediante zeolitas sintéticas en EDARs by : María Pleguezuelos Gámez
Download or read book Estudio económico sobre la recuperación de fosfato mediante zeolitas sintéticas en EDARs written by María Pleguezuelos Gámez and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hay catorce nutrientes esenciales en la vida y el fósforo es uno de ellos. La roca fosfática es el recurso a partir del cual se obtiene el fósforo y además de considerarse estratégica y limitada, está en vías de agotamiento. La demanda de roca fosfática aumenta al ritmo del crecimiento de la población mundial actual de manera que se estima en unos 200 años su disponibilidad. Por otro lado, los problemas medioambientales como la eutrofización, relacionado con el vertido de aguas ricas en fosfatos a ríos, mares y océanos ha llevado a aumentar las exigencias de las normativas sobre la calidad de éstas aguas vertidas por las Estaciones de Depuración de Aguas Residuales (EDAR). Actualmente, los métodos de eliminación más utilizados son la precipitación química y la eliminación biológica, mientras que la cristalización de estruvita es una de las tecnologías que más interés despierta en la recuperación de fósforo. En el caso de la eliminación, el fósforo se pierde por deposición, incineración o bien en la industria del cemento, pero en ningún caso es devuelto al ciclo de la naturaleza. La eliminación de fosfato de las aguas residuales se ha relacionado con la necesidad de su reutilización y valorización, lo cual se podría lograr usando un material reactivo capaz de alcanzar altos ratios de eliminación de fosfato en solución y que además sea adecuado para su uso como fertilizante de la tierra para aplicaciones agrícolas. Este proceso solamente se puede desarrollar si existen adsorbentes de bajo coste como es el caso de las zeolitas. Gracias a que la EDAR del Prat de Llobregat dispone de un tratamiento secundario, así como una etapa de digestión anaerobia de los fangos, dan a esta depuradora el potencial para estudiar la viabilidad económica de la recuperación de fosfato mediante las zeolitas sintéticas, CaP1-NA y NaP1-FA, cuyas capacidades de adsorción son elevadas como se ha demostrado en estudios previos. Una vez analizadas las dos corrientes y cada una de las zeolitas, se descarta la aplicación en el efluente del secundario por el gran caudal a tratar y las fuertes inversiones que ello supone, ya que el producto obtenido no es posible rentabilizarlo para amortizar la inversión. Sin embargo, es posible obtener periodos de retorno inferiores a ocho años en el tratamiento del centrado de digestión con la zeolita de mayor capacidad de adsorción, todo ello a precios de venta que se pueden considerar razonables, aunque no por debajo del precio de venta actual de la roca fosfática.
Book Synopsis Eliminación biológica de fósforo en aguas residuales by :
Download or read book Eliminación biológica de fósforo en aguas residuales written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Estudio comparativo para remoción de cinc y materia orgánica en aguas residuales industriales by : Eliécer Guillermo Vargas Ávila
Download or read book Estudio comparativo para remoción de cinc y materia orgánica en aguas residuales industriales written by Eliécer Guillermo Vargas Ávila and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Benchmarking Water Services by : Enrique Cabrera Jr
Download or read book Benchmarking Water Services written by Enrique Cabrera Jr and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2011-03-01 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Benchmarking has become a key tool in the water industry to promote and achieve performance targets for utilities. The use of this tool for performance improvement through systematic search and adaptation of leading practices, has expanded globally during the past decade. Many ongoing projects worldwide aim to address different needs and objectives, in varying contexts, with outstanding results and impact. Benchmarking Water Services provides valuable information to everyone interested in benchmarking in the water industry. The text is aimed at utilities considering joining a benchmarking project, experienced practitioners in charge of organizing a benchmarking exercise, consultants, regulators and researchers. The document is presented with a clear practice oriented approach and can be used as a how-to-benchmark guide presented from different perspectives (participants, organizers, supervising bodies). Readers will gain practical insight on real life benchmarking practices and will benefit from the experiences gained in some of the leading benchmarking projects of the water industry (including the IWA-WSAA benchmarking efforts, the European Benchmarking Co-operation and the several benchmarking projects carried out in Austria and Central Europe). The manual also presents the new IWA Benchmarking Framework, which aims to harmonize the terms used to describe benchmarking and performance indicators practices in the water industry, guaranteeing a more fluent and efficient communication. This Manual of Best Practice is edited by the IWA Specialist Group on Benchmarking and Performance Assessment, and co-published by AWWA and IWA Publishing. Praise for Benchmarking Water Services: "The continual trend of conceptual to specifics throughout the book provides for an educational experience each time the book is either casually perused or carefully studied." "The authors (Cabrera, Haskins and Fritiz) diligently pursue the focus of improvement." "Benchmarking Water Services is an in depth and practical ‘must have’ guide for any utility currently engaged in or planning to develop a benchmarking process" - Gregory M. Baird (2012) Benchmarking: An International Journal 19:2. More information about the book can be found on the Water Wiki in an article written by the author: http://www.iwawaterwiki.org/xwiki/bin/view/Articles/TheNewIWABenchmarkingFramework A Spanish language version of this book is available as a free eBook: http://www.iwawaterwiki.org/xwiki/bin/view/Articles/eBookTitlesfromIWAPublishingFreetoDownload-Volume2#HBenchmarkingParaServiciosdeAgua
Author :IWA Task Group for Mathematical Modelling of Anaerobic Digestion Processes Publisher :IWA Publishing ISBN 13 :1900222787 Total Pages :61 pages Book Rating :4.9/5 (2 download)
Book Synopsis Anaerobic Digestion Model No.1 (ADM1) by : IWA Task Group for Mathematical Modelling of Anaerobic Digestion Processes
Download or read book Anaerobic Digestion Model No.1 (ADM1) written by IWA Task Group for Mathematical Modelling of Anaerobic Digestion Processes and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2002-02-01 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The IWA Task Group for Mathematical Modelling of Anaerobic Digestion Processes was created with the aim to produce a generic model and common platform for dynamic simulations of a variety of anaerobic processes. This book presents the outcome of this undertaking and is the result of four years collaborative work by a number of international experts from various fields of anaerobic process technology. The purpose of this approach is to provide a unified basis for anaerobic digestion modelling. It is hoped this will promote increased application of modelling and simulation as a tool for research, design, operation and optimisation of anaerobic processes worldwide. This model was developed on the basis of the extensive but often disparate work in modelling and simulation of anaerobic digestion systems over the last twenty years. In developing ADM1, the Task Group have tried to establish common nomenclature, units and model structure, consistent with existing anaerobic modelling literature and the popular activated sludge models (See Activated Sludge Models ASM1, ASM2, ASM2d and ASM3, IWA Publishing, 2000, ISBN: 1900222248). As such, it is intended to promote widespread application of simulation from domestic (wastewater and sludge) treatment systems to specialised industrial applications. Outputs from the model include common process variables such gas flow and composition, pH, separate organic acids, and ammonium. The structure has been devised to encourage specific extensions or modifications where required, but still maintain a common platform. During development the model has been successfully tested on a range of systems from full-scale waste sludge digestion to laboratory-scale thermophilic high-rate UASB reactors. The model structure is presented in a readily applicable matrix format for implementation in many available differential equation solvers. It is expected that the model will be available as part of commercial wastewater simulation packages. ADM1 will be a valuable information source for practising engineers working in water treatment (both domestic and industrial) as well as academic researchers and students in Environmental Engineering and Science, Civil and Sanitary Engineering, Biotechnology, and Chemical and Process Engineering departments. Contents Introduction Nomenclature, State Variables and Expressions Biochemical Processes Physicochemical Processes Model Implementation in a Single Stage CSTR Suggested Biochemical Parameter Values, Sensitivity and Estimation Conclusions References Appendix A: Review of Parameters Appendix B: Supplementary Matrix Information Appendix C: Integration with the ASM Appendix D: Estimating Stoichiometric Coefficients for Fermentation Scientific & Technical Report No.13
Book Synopsis Applications of Activated Sludge Models by : Damir Brdjanovic
Download or read book Applications of Activated Sludge Models written by Damir Brdjanovic and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2015-02-15 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1982 the International Association on Water Pollution Research and Control (IAWPRC), as it was then called, established a Task Group on Mathematical Modelling for Design and Operation of Activated Sludge Processes. The aim of the Task Group was to create a common platform that could be used for the future development of models for COD and N removal with a minimum of complexity. As the collaborative result of the work of several modelling groups, the Activated Sludge Model No. 1 (ASM1) was published in 1987, exactly 25 years ago. The ASM1 can be considered as the reference model, since this model triggered the general acceptance of wastewater treatment modelling, first in the research community and later on also in practice. ASM1 has become a reference for many scientific and practical projects, and has been implemented (in some cases with modifications) in most of the commercial software available for modelling and simulation of plants for N removal. The models have grown more complex over the years, from ASM1, including N removal processes, to ASM2 (and its variations) including P removal processes, and ASM3 that corrects the deficiencies of ASM1 and is based on a metabolic approach to modelling. So far, ASM1 is the most widely applied. Applications of Activated Sludge Models has been prepared in celebration of 25 years of ASM1 and in tribute to the activated sludge modelling pioneer, the late Professor G.v.R. Marrais. It consists of a dozen of practical applications for ASM models to model development, plant optimization, extension, upgrade, retrofit and troubleshooting, carried out by the members of the Delft modelling group over the last two decades.
Author :Metcalf & Eddy, Inc., an AECOM Company Publisher :McGraw Hill Professional ISBN 13 :0071508775 Total Pages :1610 pages Book Rating :4.0/5 (715 download)
Book Synopsis Water Reuse by : Metcalf & Eddy, Inc., an AECOM Company
Download or read book Water Reuse written by Metcalf & Eddy, Inc., an AECOM Company and published by McGraw Hill Professional. This book was released on 2007-02-05 with total page 1610 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An Integrated Approach to Managing the World's Water Resources Water Reuse: Issues, Technologies, and Applications equips water/wastewater students, engineers, scientists, and professionals with a definitive account of the latest water reclamation, recycling, and reuse theory and practice. This landmark textbook presents an integrated approach to all aspects of water reuse _ from public health protection to water quality criteria and regulations to advanced technology to implementation issues. Filled with over 500 detailed illustrations and photographs, Water Reuse: Issues, Technology, and Applications features: In-depth coverage of cutting-edge water reclamation and reuse applications Current issues and developments in public health and environmental protection criteria, regulations, and risk management Review of current advanced treatment technologies, new developments, and practices Special emphasis on process reliability and multiple barrier concepts approach Consideration of satellite and decentralized water reuse facilities Consideration of planning and public participation of water reuse Inside This Landmark Water/Wastewater Management Tool • Water Reuse: An Introduction • Health and Environmental Concerns in Water Reuse • Technologies and Systems for Water Reclamation and Reuse • Water Reuse Applications • Implementing Water Reuse
Book Synopsis Biological Wastewater Treatment by : Mogens Henze
Download or read book Biological Wastewater Treatment written by Mogens Henze and published by IWA Publishing (International Water Assoc). This book was released on 1881 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For information on the online course in Biological Wastewater Treatment from UNESCO-IHE, visit: http://www.iwapublishing.co.uk/books/biological-wastewater-treatment-online-course-principles-modeling-and-design Over the past twenty years, the knowledge and understanding of wastewater treatment have advanced extensively and moved away from empirically-based approaches to a first principles approach embracing chemistry, microbiology, physical and bioprocess engineering, and mathematics. Many of these advances have matured to the degree that they have been codified into mathematical models for simulation with computers. For a new generation of young scientists and engineers entering the wastewater treatment profession, the quantity, complexity and diversity of these new developments can be overwhelming, particularly in developing countries where access is not readily available to advanced level tertiary education courses in wastewater treatment. Biological Wastewater Treatment addresses this deficiency. It assembles and integrates the postgraduate course material of a dozen or so professors from research groups around the world that have made significant contributions to the advances in wastewater treatment. The book forms part of an internet-based curriculum in biological wastewater treatment which also includes: Summarized lecture handouts of the topics covered in book Filmed lectures by the author professors Tutorial exercises for students self-learning Upon completion of this curriculum the modern approach of modelling and simulation to wastewater treatment plant design and operation, be it activated sludge, biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal, secondary settling tanks or biofilm systems, can be embraced with deeper insight, advanced knowledge and greater confidence.
Book Synopsis The Phenomenological Mind by : Shaun Gallagher
Download or read book The Phenomenological Mind written by Shaun Gallagher and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-01-11 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Phenomenological Mind is the first book to properly introduce fundamental questions about the mind from the perspective of phenomenology. Key questions and topics covered include: • what is phenomenology? • naturalizing phenomenology and the cognitive sciences • phenomenology and consciousness • consciousness and self-consciousness • time and consciousness • intentionality • the embodied mind • action • knowledge of other minds • situated and extended minds • phenomenology and personal identity. This second edition includes a new preface, and revised and improved chapters. Also included are helpful features such as chapter summaries, guides to further reading, and a glossary, making The Phenomenological Mind an ideal introduction to key concepts in phenomenology, cognitive science and philosophy of mind.
Book Synopsis Innovative Wastewater Treatment & Resource Recovery Technologies: Impacts on Energy, Economy and Environment by : Juan M. Lema
Download or read book Innovative Wastewater Treatment & Resource Recovery Technologies: Impacts on Energy, Economy and Environment written by Juan M. Lema and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2017-06-15 with total page 690 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces the 3R concept applied to wastewater treatment and resource recovery under a double perspective. Firstly, it deals with innovative technologies leading to: Reducing energy requirements, space and impacts; Reusing water and sludge of sufficient quality; and Recovering resources such as energy, nutrients, metals and chemicals, including biopolymers. Besides targeting effective C,N&P removal, other issues such as organic micropollutants, gases and odours emissions are considered. Most of the technologies analysed have been tested at pilot- or at full-scale. Tools and methods for their Economic, Environmental, Legal and Social impact assessment are described. The 3R concept is also applied to Innovative Processes design, considering different levels of innovation: Retrofitting, where novel units are included in more conventional processes; Re-Thinking, which implies a substantial flowsheet modification; and Re-Imagining, with completely new conceptions. Tools are presented for Modelling, Optimising and Selecting the most suitable plant layout for each particular scenario from a holistic technical, economic and environmental point of view.
Book Synopsis Employment in Metropolitan Areas by : United States. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Download or read book Employment in Metropolitan Areas written by United States. Bureau of Labor Statistics and published by . This book was released on 1947 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Water Reuse and Recycling by : Mark V. Hughes
Download or read book Water Reuse and Recycling written by Mark V. Hughes and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
