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Estimation Of A Scale Free Network Formation Model
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Book Synopsis Estimation of a Scale-Free Network Formation Model by : Anton Kolotilin
Download or read book Estimation of a Scale-Free Network Formation Model written by Anton Kolotilin and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Growing evidence suggests that many social and economic networks are scale free in that their degree distribution has a power-law tail. A common explanation for this phenomenon is a random network formation process with preferential attachment. For a general version of such a process, we develop the pseudo maximum likelihood and generalized method of moments estimators. We prove consistency of these estimators by establishing the law of large numbers for growing networks. Simulations suggest that these estimators are asymptotically normally distributed and outperform the commonly used non-linear least squares and Hill (1975) estimators in finite samples. We apply our estimation methodology to a co-authorship network.
Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of the Economics of Networks by : Yann Bramoullé
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of the Economics of Networks written by Yann Bramoullé and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016-03-01 with total page 857 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Oxford Handbook of the Economics of Networks represents the frontier of research into how and why networks they form, how they influence behavior, how they help govern outcomes in an interactive world, and how they shape collective decision making, opinion formation, and diffusion dynamics. From a methodological perspective, the contributors to this volume devote attention to theory, field experiments, laboratory experiments, and econometrics. Theoretical work in network formation, games played on networks, repeated games, and the interaction between linking and behavior is synthesized. A number of chapters are devoted to studying social process mediated by networks. Topics here include opinion formation, diffusion of information and disease, and learning. There are also chapters devoted to financial contagion and systemic risk, motivated in part by the recent financial crises. Another section discusses communities, with applications including social trust, favor exchange, and social collateral; the importance of communities for migration patterns; and the role that networks and communities play in the labor market. A prominent role of networks, from an economic perspective, is that they mediate trade. Several chapters cover bilateral trade in networks, strategic intermediation, and the role of networks in international trade. Contributions discuss as well the role of networks for organizations. On the one hand, one chapter discusses the role of networks for the performance of organizations, while two other chapters discuss managing networks of consumers and pricing in the presence of network-based spillovers. Finally, the authors discuss the internet as a network with attention to the issue of net neutrality.
Book Synopsis Two-Step Estimation of Network-Formation Models with Incomplete Information by : Michael P. Leung
Download or read book Two-Step Estimation of Network-Formation Models with Incomplete Information written by Michael P. Leung and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We model network formation as a simultaneous game of incomplete information, allowing linking decisions to depend on the structure of the network as well as the attributes of agents. When the data is rationalized by a symmetric equilibrium, meaning observationally equivalent agents choose the same ex-ante strategies, the model can be estimated using a computationally simple two-step estimator. We derive its asymptotic properties under a sequence of models sending the number of agents to infinity, which enables inference with only a single network observation. Our procedure generalizes dyadic regression, allowing the latent index to be a function of endogenous regressors that depend on the network. We apply the estimator to study trust networks in rural Indian villages.
Book Synopsis Identification and Estimation of Network Formation Models by : Jun Sung Kim
Download or read book Identification and Estimation of Network Formation Models written by Jun Sung Kim and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: My thesis studies identification and estimation in network formation models. First, I study what can be learned from pairwise stable networks. Pairwise stability of a network gives strong identification power when I consider the probability that the observed network is pairwise stable. I propose a semiparametric maximum score estimator which is simple and computationally feasible. I apply the empirical model to social and economic networks in rural India, and find homophily patterns in village networks. Second, I propose a structural model of multigraph formation, where 1) individuals determine multiple types of links simultaneously; 2) all networks interact with each other; and 3) one or more networks are endogenous but not simultaneous. I extend the notion of pairwise stability to a multigraph, and show that the structural model is equivalent to a multinomial choice model. The presence of endogenous but not simultaneous networks is a source of an incomplete econometric model. Relying on partially identified econometric models, I characterize the sharp identification region of parameters by a finite set of moment inequalities. I apply the model to village networks and find that friendship affects risk sharing and favor exchange networks in the same direction. The last chapter studies an empirical model of network formation in the U.S. airline industry and investigates the size of network externalities. I assume that each airline builds a network that satisfies a weak notion of stability. That is, no airlines want to deviate from their current networks by a single route change. In this framework, I can use an entry game to investigate the airline industry and include network measures in the profit function to estimate network externalities. I find that when I control for the number of one-stop flights the effect of hub-size is larger than the case without considering one-stop flights.
Book Synopsis Dynamic Social Network Modeling and Analysis by : National Research Council
Download or read book Dynamic Social Network Modeling and Analysis written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-08-01 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the summer of 2002, the Office of Naval Research asked the Committee on Human Factors to hold a workshop on dynamic social network and analysis. The primary purpose of the workshop was to bring together scientists who represent a diversity of views and approaches to share their insights, commentary, and critiques on the developing body of social network analysis research and application. The secondary purpose was to provide sound models and applications for current problems of national importance, with a particular focus on national security. This workshop is one of several activities undertaken by the National Research Council that bears on the contributions of various scientific disciplines to understanding and defending against terrorism. The presentations were grouped in four sessions â€" Social Network Theory Perspectives, Dynamic Social Networks, Metrics and Models, and Networked Worlds â€" each of which concluded with a discussant-led roundtable discussion among the presenters and workshop attendees on the themes and issues raised in the session.
Book Synopsis Water Resources and Environmental Engineering II by : Maheswaran Rathinasamy
Download or read book Water Resources and Environmental Engineering II written by Maheswaran Rathinasamy and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-09-26 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second volume of this book is a compilation of the high-quality papers from the International Conference on Emerging Trends in Water Resources and Environmental Engineering (ETWREE 2017). Written by researchers and academicians from prestigious institutes across India, the contributions present various scenarios and discuss the challenges of climate change and its impact on the environment, water resources and industrial and socio-economic developments. The book is a valuable resource for scientists, faculties, policymakers, and stakeholders working in the field of climate and environment management to address the current global environmental challenges.
Book Synopsis Evolution of Networks by : S. N. Dorogovtsev
Download or read book Evolution of Networks written by S. N. Dorogovtsev and published by . This book was released on 2013-11 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We live in a world of networks, where everything is amazingly close to everything else. The notion of 'network' turns out to be central to our times: the Internet and WWW are changing our lives; our physical existence is based on various biological networks; we are involved in all-enveloping networks of economic and social relations. Only in the 1990s did physicists begin to explore real networks, both natural and artificial, as evolving systems with intriguingly complex and effective architectures. Progress has been so immediate and astounding that we actually face a new science based on a new set of concepts, and, one may even say, on a new philosophy: the natural philosophy of a small world. Old ideas from mathematics, statistical physics, biology, computer science, and so on take on quite new forms in applications to real evolving networks. - What is common to all networks? - What are the general principles of the organization and evolution of networks? - How do the laws of nature work in communication, biological, and social networks? - What are networks? This book, written by physicists, answers these questions and presents a general insight into the world of networks.
Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of the Economics of Networks by : Yann Bramoullé
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of the Economics of Networks written by Yann Bramoullé and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016-03-01 with total page 857 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Oxford Handbook of the Economics of Networks represents the frontier of research into how and why networks they form, how they influence behavior, how they help govern outcomes in an interactive world, and how they shape collective decision making, opinion formation, and diffusion dynamics. From a methodological perspective, the contributors to this volume devote attention to theory, field experiments, laboratory experiments, and econometrics. Theoretical work in network formation, games played on networks, repeated games, and the interaction between linking and behavior is synthesized. A number of chapters are devoted to studying social process mediated by networks. Topics here include opinion formation, diffusion of information and disease, and learning. There are also chapters devoted to financial contagion and systemic risk, motivated in part by the recent financial crises. Another section discusses communities, with applications including social trust, favor exchange, and social collateral; the importance of communities for migration patterns; and the role that networks and communities play in the labor market. A prominent role of networks, from an economic perspective, is that they mediate trade. Several chapters cover bilateral trade in networks, strategic intermediation, and the role of networks in international trade. Contributions discuss as well the role of networks for organizations. On the one hand, one chapter discusses the role of networks for the performance of organizations, while two other chapters discuss managing networks of consumers and pricing in the presence of network-based spillovers. Finally, the authors discuss the internet as a network with attention to the issue of net neutrality.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Social Economics SET: 1A, 1B by : Jess Benhabib
Download or read book Handbook of Social Economics SET: 1A, 1B written by Jess Benhabib and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2011 with total page 1509 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How can economists define and measure social preferences and interactions? Through the use of new economic data and tools, our contributors survey an array of social interactions and decisions that typify homo economicus. Identifying economic strains in activities such as learning, group formation, discrimination, and the creation of peer dynamics, they demonstrate how they tease out social preferences from the influences of culture, familial beliefs, religion, and other forces. Advances our understanding about quantifying social interactions and the effects of culture Summarizes research on theoretical and applied economic analyses of social preferences Explores the recent willingness among economists to consider new arguments in the utility function
Download or read book Handbook of Econometrics written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2020-11-25 with total page 594 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook of Econometrics, Volume 7A, examines recent advances in foundational issues and "hot" topics within econometrics, such as inference for moment inequalities and estimation of high dimensional models. With its world-class editors and contributors, it succeeds in unifying leading studies of economic models, mathematical statistics and economic data. Our flourishing ability to address empirical problems in economics by using economic theory and statistical methods has driven the field of econometrics to unimaginable places. By designing methods of inference from data based on models of human choice behavior and social interactions, econometricians have created new subfields now sufficiently mature to require sophisticated literature summaries. Presents a broader and more comprehensive view of this expanding field than any other handbook Emphasizes the connection between econometrics and economics Highlights current topics for which no good summaries exist
Book Synopsis Modelling, Estimation and Control of Networked Complex Systems by : Alessandro Chiuso
Download or read book Modelling, Estimation and Control of Networked Complex Systems written by Alessandro Chiuso and published by Springer. This book was released on 2009-10-13 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The paradigm of complexity is pervading both science and engineering, le- ing to the emergence of novel approaches oriented at the development of a systemic view of the phenomena under study; the de?nition of powerful tools for modelling, estimation, and control; and the cross-fertilization of di?erent disciplines and approaches. One of the most promising paradigms to cope with complexity is that of networked systems. Complex, dynamical networks are powerful tools to model, estimate, and control many interesting phenomena, like agent coordination, synch- nization, social and economics events, networks of critical infrastructures, resourcesallocation,informationprocessing,controlovercommunicationn- works, etc. Advances in this ?eld are highlighting approaches that are more and more oftenbasedondynamicalandtime-varyingnetworks,i.e.networksconsisting of dynamical nodes with links that can change over time. Moreover, recent technological advances in wireless communication and decreasing cost and size of electronic devices are promoting the appearance of large inexpensive interconnected systems, each with computational, sensing and mobile ca- bilities. This is fostering the development of many engineering applications, which exploit the availability of these systems of systems to monitor and control very large-scale phenomena with ?ne resolution.
Book Synopsis Network Formation as a Choice Process by : Jan Surya Overgoor
Download or read book Network Formation as a Choice Process written by Jan Surya Overgoor and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding why networks form and evolve the way they do is a core goal of many scientific disciplines ranging from the social to the physical sciences. Across these disciplines, many kinds of formation models have been employed, several of which can be subsumed under a choice framework, using conditional logit models from discrete choice and random utility theory. Each new edge is viewed as a ``choice'' made by a node to connect to another node, based on (generic) features of the other nodes available to make a connection. This perspective on network formation unifies existing models such as preferential attachment, triadic closure, and node fitness, which are all special cases, and thereby provides a flexible means for conceptualizing, estimating, and comparing models. The lens of discrete choice theory also provides several new tools for analyzing sUnderstanding why networks form and evolve the way they do is a core goal of many scientific disciplines ranging from the social to the physical sciences. Across these disciplines, many kinds of formation models have been employed, several of which can be subsumed under a choice framework, using conditional logit models from discrete choice and random utility theory. Each new edge is viewed as a ``choice'' made by a node to connect to another node, based on (generic) features of the other nodes available to make a connection. This perspective on network formation unifies existing models such as preferential attachment, triadic closure, and node fitness, which are all special cases, and thereby provides a flexible means for conceptualizing, estimating, and comparing models. The lens of discrete choice theory also provides several new tools for analyzing social network formation. In large network data logit models run into practical and conceptual issues, since large numbers of alternatives make direct inference intractable and the assumptions underlying the logit model cease to be realistic in large graphs. Importance sampling of non-chosen alternatives reduces the data size significantly, while, under the right conditions, preserving consistency of the estimates. A model simplification technique called ``de-mixing'', whereby mixture models are reformulated to operate over disjoint choice sets, reduces mixed logit models to conditional logit models. This opens the door to the other approaches to scalability and provides a new analytical toolkit to understand the underlying processes. The flexibility of the logit framework is illustrated with examples that analyze several synthetic and real-world datasets, including data from Flickr, Venmo and a large citation graph. The logit model provides a rigorous method for estimating preferential attachment models and can separate the effects of preferential attachment and triadic closure. A more substantial application is the identification of the persistent and changing parts of the networking strategies of U.S. college students as they go through their college years. This analysis is done using a rich and large data set of digital social network data from the Facebook platform.ocial network formation. In large network data logit models run into practical and conceptual issues, since large numbers of alternatives makes direct inference intractable and the assumptions underlying the logit model cease to be realistic in large graphs. Importance sampling of non-chosen alternatives reduces the data size significantly, while, under the right conditions, preserving consistency of the estimates. A model simplification technique called ``de-mixing'', whereby mixture models are reformulated to operate over disjoint choice sets, reduces mixed logit models to conditional logit models. This opens the door to the other approaches to scalability and provides a new analytical toolkit to understand the underlying processes. The flexibility of the logit framework is illustrated with examples that analyze several synthetic and real-world datasets, including data from Flickr, Venmo and a large citation graph. The logit model provides a rigorous method for estimating preferential attachment models and can separate the effects of preferential attachment and triadic closure. A more substantial application is the identification of the persistent and changing parts of the networking strategies of U.S. college students as they go through their college years. This analysis is done using a rich and large data set of digital social network data from the Facebook platform.
Book Synopsis A Survey of Statistical Network Models by : Anna Goldenberg
Download or read book A Survey of Statistical Network Models written by Anna Goldenberg and published by Now Publishers Inc. This book was released on 2010 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Networks are ubiquitous in science and have become a focal point for discussion in everyday life. Formal statistical models for the analysis of network data have emerged as a major topic of interest in diverse areas of study, and most of these involve a form of graphical representation. Probability models on graphs date back to 1959. Along with empirical studies in social psychology and sociology from the 1960s, these early works generated an active network community and a substantial literature in the 1970s. This effort moved into the statistical literature in the late 1970s and 1980s, and the past decade has seen a burgeoning network literature in statistical physics and computer science. The growth of the World Wide Web and the emergence of online networking communities such as Facebook, MySpace, and LinkedIn, and a host of more specialized professional network communities has intensified interest in the study of networks and network data. Our goal in this review is to provide the reader with an entry point to this burgeoning literature. We begin with an overview of the historical development of statistical network modeling and then we introduce a number of examples that have been studied in the network literature. Our subsequent discussion focuses on a number of prominent static and dynamic network models and their interconnections. We emphasize formal model descriptions, and pay special attention to the interpretation of parameters and their estimation. We end with a description of some open problems and challenges for machine learning and statistics.
Download or read book Linked written by Albert-László Barabási and published by Basic Books. This book was released on 2014-06-24 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The best-selling guide to network science, the revolutionary field that reveals the deep links between all forms of human social life A cocktail party. A terrorist cell. Ancient bacteria. An international conglomerate. All are networks, and all are a part of a surprising scientific revolution. In Linked, Albert-Lálórabá, the nation's foremost expert in the new science of networks, takes us on an intellectual adventure to prove that social networks, corporations, and living organisms are more similar than previously thought. Barabá shows that grasping a full understanding of network science will someday allow us to design blue-chip businesses, stop the outbreak of deadly diseases, and influence the exchange of ideas and information. Just as James Gleick and the Erdos-Réi model brought the discovery of chaos theory to the general public, Linked tells the story of the true science of the future and of experiments in statistical mechanics on the internet, all vital parts of what would eventually be called the Barabá-Albert model.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Developmental Systems Theory and Methodology by : Peter C. M. Molenaar
Download or read book Handbook of Developmental Systems Theory and Methodology written by Peter C. M. Molenaar and published by Guilford Publications. This book was released on 2013-12-09 with total page 529 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Developmental systems theory provides powerful tools for predicting complex, dynamic interactions among biological and environmental processes in human behavior and health. This groundbreaking handbook provides a roadmap for integrating key concepts of developmental systems theory (such as self-organization, reciprocal dynamic interaction, and probabilistic epigenesis) and simulation models (connectionist and agent-based models) with advanced dynamic modeling approaches for testing these theories and models. Internationally renowned developmental science scholars present innovations in research design, measurement, and analysis that offer new means of generating evidence-based decisions to optimize the course of health and positive functioning across the life span. Topics include epigenetic development and evolution; the relationship between neural systems growth and psychological development; the role of family environments in shaping children's cognitive skills and associated adult outcomes, and more.
Book Synopsis Complex Networks & Their Applications VI by : Chantal Cherifi
Download or read book Complex Networks & Their Applications VI written by Chantal Cherifi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-11-24 with total page 1290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book highlights cutting-edge research in the field of network science, offering scientists, researchers, students and practitioners a unique update on the latest advances in theory and a multitude of applications. It presents the peer-reviewed proceedings of the VI International Conference on Complex Networks and their Applications (COMPLEX NETWORKS 2017), which took place in Lyon on November 29 – December 1, 2017. The carefully selected papers cover a wide range of theoretical topics such as network models and measures; community structure, network dynamics; diffusion, epidemics and spreading processes; resilience and control as well as all the main network applications, including social and political networks; networks in finance and economics; biological and ecological networks and technological networks.
Book Synopsis Social and Economic Networks by : Matthew O. Jackson
Download or read book Social and Economic Networks written by Matthew O. Jackson and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2010-11-01 with total page 519 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Networks of relationships help determine the careers that people choose, the jobs they obtain, the products they buy, and how they vote. The many aspects of our lives that are governed by social networks make it critical to understand how they impact behavior, which network structures are likely to emerge in a society, and why we organize ourselves as we do. In Social and Economic Networks, Matthew Jackson offers a comprehensive introduction to social and economic networks, drawing on the latest findings in economics, sociology, computer science, physics, and mathematics. He provides empirical background on networks and the regularities that they exhibit, and discusses random graph-based models and strategic models of network formation. He helps readers to understand behavior in networked societies, with a detailed analysis of learning and diffusion in networks, decision making by individuals who are influenced by their social neighbors, game theory and markets on networks, and a host of related subjects. Jackson also describes the varied statistical and modeling techniques used to analyze social networks. Each chapter includes exercises to aid students in their analysis of how networks function. This book is an indispensable resource for students and researchers in economics, mathematics, physics, sociology, and business.
