Estimating Trade Restrictiveness Indices

Download Estimating Trade Restrictiveness Indices full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Estimating Trade Restrictiveness Indices ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!

Estimating Trade Restrictiveness Indices

Author : Hiau Looi Kee
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 36 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Estimating Trade Restrictiveness Indices by : Hiau Looi Kee

Download or read book Estimating Trade Restrictiveness Indices written by Hiau Looi Kee and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2006 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this paper is to provide indicators of trade restrictiveness that include both measures of tariff and nontariff barriers for 91 developing and industrial countries. For each country, the authors estimate three trade restrictiveness indices. The first one summarizes the degree of trade distortions that each country imposes on itself through its own trade policies. The second one focuses on the trade distortions imposed by each country on its import bundle. The last index focuses on market access and summarizes the trade distortions imposed by the rest of the world on each country's export bundle. All indices are estimated for the broad aggregates of manufacturing and agriculture products. Results suggest that poor countries (and those with the highest poverty headcount) tend to be more restrictive, but they also face the highest trade barriers on their export bundle. This is partly explained by the fact that agriculture protection is generally larger than manufacturing protection. Nontariff barriers contribute more than 70 percent on average to world protection, underlying their importance for any study on trade protection.

Estimating Trade Restrictiveness Indices

Author : Hiau Looi Kee
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 44 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Estimating Trade Restrictiveness Indices by : Hiau Looi Kee

Download or read book Estimating Trade Restrictiveness Indices written by Hiau Looi Kee and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2006 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this paper is to provide indicators of trade restrictiveness that include both measures of tariff and nontariff barriers for 91 developing and industrial countries. For each country, the authors estimate three trade restrictiveness indices. The first one summarizes the degree of trade distortions that each country imposes on itself through its own trade policies. The second one focuses on the trade distortions imposed by each country on its import bundle. The last index focuses on market access and summarizes the trade distortions imposed by the rest of the world on each country's export bundle. All indices are estimated for the broad aggregates of manufacturing and agriculture products. Results suggest that poor countries (and those with the highest poverty headcount) tend to be more restrictive, but they also face the highest trade barriers on their export bundle. This is partly explained by the fact that agriculture protection is generally larger than manufacturing protection. Nontariff barriers contribute more than 70 percent on average to world protection, underlying their importance for any study on trade protection.

Estimating Trade Restrictiveness Indices

Author : Hiau Looi Kee
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 36 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (129 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Estimating Trade Restrictiveness Indices by : Hiau Looi Kee

Download or read book Estimating Trade Restrictiveness Indices written by Hiau Looi Kee and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this paper is to provide indicators of trade restrictiveness that include both measures of tariff and nontariff barriers for 91 developing and industrial countries. For each country, the authors estimate three trade restrictiveness indices. The first one summarizes the degree of trade distortions that each country imposes on itself through its own trade policies. The second one focuses on the trade distortions imposed by each country on its import bundle. The last index focuses on market access and summarizes the trade distortions imposed by the rest of the world on each country`s export bundle. All indices are estimated for the broad aggregates of manufacturing and agriculture products. Results suggest that poor countries (and those with the highest poverty headcount) tend to be more restrictive, but they also face the highest trade barriers on their export bundle. This is partly explained by the fact that agriculture protection is generally larger than manufacturing protection. Nontariff barriers contribute more than 70 percent on average to world protection, underlying their importance for any study on trade protection.

Review of the IMF's Trade Restrictiveness Index

Author : International Monetary Fund. Policy Development and Review Dept.
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1498331858
Total Pages : 21 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (983 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Review of the IMF's Trade Restrictiveness Index by : International Monetary Fund. Policy Development and Review Dept.

Download or read book Review of the IMF's Trade Restrictiveness Index written by International Monetary Fund. Policy Development and Review Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2005-02-14 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines the construction of the index and its use over the past seven years, identifies its limitations, examines several alternative measures of trade policy, and highlights some options for improving the Fund’s use of trade policy indicators.

A Practical Guide to Trade Policy Analysis

Author : Marc Bacchetta
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789287038128
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (381 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis A Practical Guide to Trade Policy Analysis by : Marc Bacchetta

Download or read book A Practical Guide to Trade Policy Analysis written by Marc Bacchetta and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Trade flows and trade policies need to be properly quantified to describe, compare, or follow the evolution of policies between sectors or countries or over time. This is essential to ensure that policy choices are made with an appropriate knowledge of the real conditions. This practical guide introduces the main techniques of trade and trade policy data analysis. It shows how to develop the main indexes used to analyze trade flows, tariff structures, and non-tariff measures. It presents the databases needed to construct these indexes as well as the challenges faced in collecting and processing these data, such as measurement errors or aggregation bias. Written by experts with practical experience in the field, A Practical Guide to Trade Policy Analysis has been developed to contribute to enhance developing countries' capacity to analyze and implement trade policy. It offers a hands-on introduction on how to estimate the distributional effects of trade policies on welfare, in particular on inequality and poverty. The guide is aimed at government experts engaged in trade negotiations, as well as students and researchers involved in trade-related study or research. An accompanying DVD contains data sets and program command files required for the exercises. Copublished by the WTO and the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development

Import Demand Elasticities and Trade Distortions

Author : Hiau Looi Kee
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 44 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Import Demand Elasticities and Trade Distortions by : Hiau Looi Kee

Download or read book Import Demand Elasticities and Trade Distortions written by Hiau Looi Kee and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "To study the effects of tariffs on gross domestic product (GDP), one needs import demand elasticities at the tariff line level that are consistent with GDP maximization. These do not exist. Kee, Nicita, and Olarreaga modify Kohli's (1991) GDP function approach to estimate demand elasticities for 4,625 imported goods in 117 countries. Following Anderson and Neary (1992, 1994) and Feenstra (1995), they use these estimates to construct theoretically sound trade restrictiveness indices and GDP losses associated with existing tariff structures. Countries are revealed to be 30 percent more restrictive than their simple or import-weighted average tariffs would suggest. Thus, distortion is nontrivial. GDP losses are largest in China, Germany, India, Mexico, and the United States"--Abstract.

An Estimated Trade Restrictiveness Index of the Level of Protection in Australian Manufacturing

Author : Peter Lloyd
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis An Estimated Trade Restrictiveness Index of the Level of Protection in Australian Manufacturing by : Peter Lloyd

Download or read book An Estimated Trade Restrictiveness Index of the Level of Protection in Australian Manufacturing written by Peter Lloyd and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this paper we provide a new 31-year time series of the level of protection in the Australian manufacturing sector. The index used is an estimate of the partial equilibrium form of the Trade Restrictiveness Index recently developed by the World Bank. This is the theoretically correct welfare based average of levels of nominal protection. The paper outlines the index and its properties. Some comments are made on the insights gained from the new series and on the record of the Labor and coalition governments in making reforms to industry assistance.

Measuring the Restrictiveness of Trade Policy

Author : James E. Anderson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 40 pages
Book Rating : 4.E/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Measuring the Restrictiveness of Trade Policy by : James E. Anderson

Download or read book Measuring the Restrictiveness of Trade Policy written by James E. Anderson and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Estimating the Effects of Trade Policy

Author : Robert C. Feenstra
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 76 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Estimating the Effects of Trade Policy by : Robert C. Feenstra

Download or read book Estimating the Effects of Trade Policy written by Robert C. Feenstra and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: This paper reviews empirical methods used to estimate the impact of trade policies under imperfect competition. We decompose the welfare effects of trade policy into four possible channels: (i) a deadweight loss from distorting consumption and production decisions; (ii) a possible gain from improving the terms of trade; (iii) a gain or loss due to changes in the scale of firms; and, (iv) a gain or loss from shifting profits between countries. For each channel, we discuss the appropriate empirical methods to determine the sign or magnitude of the effect, and illustrate the results using recent studies. Two other channels by which trade policy affects social or individual welfare - through changes in wages and changes in product variety - are discussed more briefly. Recent developments in the analysis of trade policies under perfect competition are also reviewed.

A Multidimensional Approach to Trade Policy Indicators

Author : Diego A. Cerdeiro
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1484342356
Total Pages : 37 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (843 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis A Multidimensional Approach to Trade Policy Indicators by : Diego A. Cerdeiro

Download or read book A Multidimensional Approach to Trade Policy Indicators written by Diego A. Cerdeiro and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2018-02-21 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We present and discuss a set of indicators to help assess countries’ trade policies. The indicators relate to three policy areas – trade in goods, trade in services, and FDI. Given concerns about the direction of global trade policy, we also consider a set of more granular measures that reflect the evolution of countries’ policies since the 2008 financial crisis. We propose a simple approach to present the multidimensional aspects of trade policy that, by shedding light on relative openness across areas, can facilitate policy discussions. In the cross-section of countries, we find a diversity in the type of measures adopted, both between and (since the 2008 financial crisis) within policy areas, lending support to the approach based on multiple indicators. The indicators’ time series suggest that advanced and, especially, emerging economies are moving toward more open regimes over time, although recently progress has, with some exceptions, slowed across the board. Lastly, our findings also call for stronger efforts to objectively quantify the different aspects of countries’ trade regimes. More data, both across countries and in terms of policy areas that significantly affect trade, are needed for better-informed policy discussions.

Trade Restrictiveness and Deadweight Losses from U.S. Tariffs, 1859-1961

Author : Douglas A. Irwin
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 35 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (174 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Trade Restrictiveness and Deadweight Losses from U.S. Tariffs, 1859-1961 by : Douglas A. Irwin

Download or read book Trade Restrictiveness and Deadweight Losses from U.S. Tariffs, 1859-1961 written by Douglas A. Irwin and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper uses detailed tariff data to calculate the Anderson-Neary trade restrictiveness index (TRI) for the United States in 1859 and annually from 1867 to 1961. The TRI is defined as the uniform tariff that yields the same welfare loss as an existing tariff structure. The import-weighted average tariff understates the TRI by about 70 percent over this period. This approach also yields annual estimates of the static welfare loss from the tariff structure; the largest losses occur in the early 1870s (about one percent of GDP) but they fall almost continuously thereafter to less than one-tenth of one percent of GDP by the early 1960s. On average, import duties produced a welfare loss of 40 cents for every dollar of revenue generated, slightly higher than contemporary estimates of the marginal welfare cost of taxation.

The Impact of Services Trade Restrictiveness on Trade Flows

Author : Hildegunn Kyvik Nordås
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (14 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis The Impact of Services Trade Restrictiveness on Trade Flows by : Hildegunn Kyvik Nordås

Download or read book The Impact of Services Trade Restrictiveness on Trade Flows written by Hildegunn Kyvik Nordås and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper uses newly released OECD data on services trade restrictions (STRI) to analyse the relationship between services trade restrictions, cross-border trade in services and trade in downstream manufactured goods. A standard gravity model is enhanced by the STRI indices in a cross-section regression analysis. Services trade restrictions are negatively associated with both imports and exports of services. The surprisingly strong effect on services exports is probably explained by a negative relationship between the STRIs and sector performance indices. Consequently, services suppliers are less competitive abroad. A negative relationship is also found between the STRI indices and exports, imports and intra-industry trade in manufactured goods. The statistical significance and the elasticities vary across services and goods sectors in ways that intuitively make sense.

Services Trade Restrictiveness Index

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (112 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Services Trade Restrictiveness Index by :

Download or read book Services Trade Restrictiveness Index written by and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Nontariff Measures and International Trade

Author : John Christopher Beghin
Publisher : World Scientific Publishing Company
ISBN 13 : 9813144416
Total Pages : 393 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (131 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Nontariff Measures and International Trade by : John Christopher Beghin

Download or read book Nontariff Measures and International Trade written by John Christopher Beghin and published by World Scientific Publishing Company. This book was released on 2016-11-28 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nontariff Measures and International Trade includes 20 chapters authored by John Beghin and co-authors over the last 20 years on the economics of quality-standard like nontariff measures in the context of international trade. This book provides a coherent and comprehensive treatment of these nontariff measures, from their measurement to their effects on trade and welfare. In Part I, the authors use different perspectives to make the case that, unlike tariffs, quality-standard like nontariff measures are complex to measure and analyze and do not easily lead to general policy prescriptions. Then, Part II contains contributions on measurements of welfare and trade effects of nontariff measures, accounting for potential market imperfections. Part III presents chapters on the potential protectionism of nontariff measures when they are used to favor some economic agents over society. The last part presents cases studies of nontariff measures in different industries, markets, and countries.

Quantitative Methods For Assessing The Effects Of Non-tariff Measures And Trade Facilitation

Author : Michael J Ferrantino
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9814481726
Total Pages : 674 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (144 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Quantitative Methods For Assessing The Effects Of Non-tariff Measures And Trade Facilitation by : Michael J Ferrantino

Download or read book Quantitative Methods For Assessing The Effects Of Non-tariff Measures And Trade Facilitation written by Michael J Ferrantino and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2005-04-26 with total page 674 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As tariffs have fallen worldwide, the increasing importance of non-tariff policies for further trade liberalization has become widely recognized. The methods for assessing the potential effects of such liberalization have lagged significantly behind those available for analyzing tariffs. This book is the first volume that comprehensively addresses this gap. It has been designed to be useful for both economists and policymakers, especially for those involved in communicating ideas and results between economists and policymakers.This indispensable book contains cutting-edge discussions of the full range of methodologies used in this area, including business surveys, summary statistics such as effective rates of protection and price gaps, time-series and panel econometrics, and simulation methods such as computable general equilibrium. It covers the entire spectrum of policies under discussion in current trade negotiations, including trade facilitation, services policies, quantitative measures, customs procedures, standards, movement of natural persons, and anti-dumping.Some prominent contributors to this book are Bijit Bora (World Trade Organization), John Wilson, Tsunehiro Otsuki and Vlad Manole (World Bank), Catherine Mann (Institute of International Economics), Alan Deardorff and Robert Stern (University of Michigan), Joe Francois (Erasmus University), Dean Spinanger (University of Kiel), Antoni Estevadeordal and Kati Suominen (Inter-American Development Bank), Thomas Prusa (Rutgers University), Thomas Hertel and Terrie Walmsley (Purdue University), Scott Bradford (Brigham Young University), Judith Dean, Robert Feinberg, Soamiely Andriamananjara and Marinos Tsigas (US International Trade Commission).

Partial- and General-Equilibrium Measures of Trade Restrictiveness

Author : Peter Lloyd
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Partial- and General-Equilibrium Measures of Trade Restrictiveness by : Peter Lloyd

Download or read book Partial- and General-Equilibrium Measures of Trade Restrictiveness written by Peter Lloyd and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New partial-equilibrium forms of the Trade Restrictiveness Index and the Mercantilist Trade Restrictiveness Index have recently been used by the World Bank and others. In this paper we examine the bias in the partial-equilibrium forms due to the neglect of general-equilibrium effects. We propose “semi-general-equilibrium” measures that capture those general-equilibrium effects due to vertical input-output relations without the need for a computable general-equilibrium model. These measures also incorporate nontariff measures. Australian data are used to compute the semi-general-equilibrium measures. These estimates indicate that the partial-equilibrium forms generally underestimate the true value of the indices, and by a large margin in some cases.

Services Trade Restrictiveness Index (STRI): The Trade Effect of Regulatory Differences

Author : Hildegunn Nordås
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 25 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (14 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Services Trade Restrictiveness Index (STRI): The Trade Effect of Regulatory Differences by : Hildegunn Nordås

Download or read book Services Trade Restrictiveness Index (STRI): The Trade Effect of Regulatory Differences written by Hildegunn Nordås and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper presents indices of regulatory heterogeneity based on the rich information in the STRI regulatory database. The indices are built from assessing - for each country pair and each measure - whether or not the countries have the same regulation. For each country pair and each sector, the indices reflect the (weighted) share of measures for which the two countries have different regulation. Estimates of the relationship between regulatory heterogeneity and trade shows that on average a reduction in the regulatory heterogeneity by 0.05 points is associated with 2.5% higher services exports and that the impact is larger the lower the level of trade restring regulation. The trade costs associated with the average score on the regulatory heterogeneity index (0.26) amounts to an ad valorem equivalent trade cost of between 20 and 75% at low levels of the STRI. Regulation has become slightly more similar from 2014 to 2015 in telecommunications. For the other sectors, countries have become slightly less similar over the same period.