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Author : Paul D. Whitney
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 74 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (123 download)
Download or read book Estimating Retained Gas Volumes in the Hanford Tanks Using Waste Level Measurements written by Paul D. Whitney and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1098 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)
Download or read book Tank Closure and Waste Management for the Hanford Site written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 1098 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 5 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (682 download)
Download or read book Flammable Gas Release Estimates for Modified Sluicing Retrieval of Waste from Selected Hanford Single-Shell Tanks written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report is Revision 2 of PNNL-14271. Revision 1 expanded the analysis of interstitial liquid drainage-induced gas releases to address a general retrieval scenario (the previous version of this report assumed a center-out retrieval approach and conditions). Tank waste conditions (waste volumes, interstitial liquid levels, temperatures, retained gas void fractions, etc.) were also updated in Revision 1. Revision 2 extends the analysis to address water addition rates of 110 gpm and brine pump-out rates of 110 gpm.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 676 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)
Download or read book Hanford Site Tank Waste Remediation Systems (TWRS), Management and Disposal of Radioactive, Hazardous, and Mixed Wastes, City of Richland, Grant County written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 676 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 34 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (684 download)
Download or read book Review of Statistical Analysis of Trapped Gas written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A review was conducted of trapped gas estimates in Hanford waste tanks. Tank waste levels were found to correlate with barometric pressure changes giving the possibility to infer amounts of trapped gas. Previous models of the tank waste level were extended to include other phenomena such as evaporation in a more complete description of tank level changes.
Author : Chuck Stewart
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 550 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Hanford's Battle with Nuclear Waste Tank SY-101 written by Chuck Stewart and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 550 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The nuclear reactors and separation plants at the Hanford Site in Washington State made the plutonium for the bombs dropped on Japan in 1945. Plutonium production expanded during the Cold War and continued into the late 1980s leaving Hanford with a majority of the national inventory of high-level radioactive waste stored in its underground tanks. This book tells the story of one specific tank, the million-gallon double-shell tank 241-SY-101 in Hanford's 200-West Area. SY-101 was a dominating element in DOE waste management for the last decade of the 20th century. The possibility of a flammable gas burn in SY-101 was acknowledged as the safety issue of highest priority in the entire DOE complex during the early 1990s. Uncontrolled crust growth demanded another large-scale emergency effort in the late 1990s that finally allowed the tank to return to service in September 2001. It received its first waste as an "active" tank in November 2002. The experience spawned a legacy of inspired engineering, tight project discipline, and supportive teamwork that still affects the Hanford culture today. This narrative presents the whole SY-101 story from the viewpoint of those who lived through it. If it makes people who work in nuclear waste management pause and worry a little when funding, scheduling, or political pressures curtail creativity and prudence, the book will have served its purpose.
Download or read book Composition and Quantities of Retained Gas Measured in Hanford Waste Tanks 241-AW-101 A-101, AN-105, AN-104, and AN-103 written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report provides the results obtained for the first five tanks sampled with the Retained Gas Sampler (RGS): Tanks 241-AW-101, A-101, AN-105, AN-104, and AN-103. The RGS is a modified version of the core sampler used at Hanford. It is designed specifically, in concert with the gas extraction equipment in the hot cell, to capture and extrude a gas-containing waste sample in a hermetically sealed system. The retained gases are then extracted and stored in small gas canisters. The composition of the gases contained in the canisters was measured by mass spectroscopy. The total gas volume was obtained from analysis of the extraction process, as discussed in detail throughout this report. The following are the findings of this research: (1) The RGS is a viable approach for measuring retained gases in double- and single-shell waste tanks at Hanford. (2) Local measurements of void fraction with the RGS agree with the results obtained with the void fraction instrument (VFI) in most cases. (3) In the tanks sampled, more than 16% of the retained gas in the nonconvective layer was nitrogen (N[sub 2]). The fraction of nitrogen gas was approximately 60% in Tank 241-AW-101. This finding shows that not all the retained gas mixtures are flammable. (4) In the tanks sampled, the ratios of hydrogen to oxidizers were observed to be significantly higher than 1; i.e., these tanks are fuel-rich. Based on these observations, the RGS will be used to sample for retained gases in several single-shell tanks at Hanford. The remaining sections of this summary describe the RGS-findings for the first five tanks tested. The results are described in the order in which the tanks were sampled, to reflect the increasing experience on which RGS methods were based.
Author : Lenna A. Mahoney
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (123 download)
Download or read book Composition and Quantities of Retained Gas Measured in Hanford Waste Tanks 241-U-103, S-106, BY-101, and BY-109 written by Lenna A. Mahoney and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
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Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1428918744
Total Pages : 245 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (289 download)
Download or read book The Office of Environmental Management Technical Reports: A Bibliography written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2001 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Office of Environmental Management's (EM) technical reports bibliography is an annual publication that contains information on scientific and technical reports sponsored by the Office of Environmental Management added to the Energy Science and Technology Database from July 1, 1994 through June 30, 1995. This information is divided into the following categories: Focus Areas, Cross-Cutting Programs, and Support Programs. In addition, a category for general information is included. EM's Office of Science and Technology sponsors this bibliography.
Author : David E. Robertson
Publisher : SPIE-International Society for Optical Engineering
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 196 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book Nuclear Waste Instrumentation Engineering written by David E. Robertson and published by SPIE-International Society for Optical Engineering. This book was released on 1999 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : James L. Huckaby
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (526 download)
Download or read book Flammable Gas Release Estimates for Modified Sluicing Retrieval of Waste from Selected Hanford Single-shell Tanks written by James L. Huckaby and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Charles W. Stewart
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (857 download)
Download or read book In Situ Rheology and Gas Volume in Hanford Double-shell Waste Tanks written by Charles W. Stewart and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 520 pages
Book Rating : 4.X/5 (2 download)
Download or read book Radioactive Waste Management written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 6 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (727 download)
Download or read book Physical Mechanisms Contributing to the Episodic Gas Release from Hanford Tank 241-SY-101 written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume growth of contents in a waste storage tank at Hanford is accompanied by episodic releases of gas and a rise in the level of tank contents. A theory is presented to describe how the gas is retained in the waste and how it is released. The theory postulates that somewhat cohesive gobs of sludge rise from the lower regions of the tank and buoyancy overcomes the cohesive strength of the slurry; this quantitatively explains several of the measured phenomena and qualitatively explains other observations.
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Download or read book STEADY STATE FLAMMABLE GAS RELEASE RATE CALCULATION & LOWER FLAMMABILITY LEVEL EVALUATION FOR HANFORD TANK WASTE[SEC 1 & 2]. written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Flammable gases such as hydrogen, ammonia, and methane are observed in the tank dome space of the Hanford Site high-level waste tanks. This report assesses the steady-state flammability level under normal and off-normal ventilation conditions in the tank dome space for 177 double-shell tanks and single-shell tanks at the Hanford Site. The steady-state flammability level was estimated from the gas concentration of the mixture in the dome space using estimated gas release rates, Le Chatelier's rule and lower flammability limits of fuels in an air mixture. A time-dependent equation of gas concentration, which is a function of the gas release and ventilation rates in the dome space, has been developed for both soluble and insoluble gases. With this dynamic model, the time required to reach the specified flammability level at a given ventilation condition can be calculated. In the evaluation, hydrogen generation rates can be calculated for a given tank waste composition and its physical condition (e.g., waste density, waste volume, temperature, etc.) using the empirical rate equation model provided in Empirical Rate Equation Model and Rate Calculations of Hydrogen Generation for Hanford Tank Waste, HNF-3851. The release rate of other insoluble gases and the mass transport properties of the soluble gas can be derived from the observed steady-state gas concentration under normal ventilation conditions. The off-normal ventilation rate is assumed to be natural barometric breathing only. A large body of data is required to do both the hydrogen generation rate calculation and the flammability level evaluation. For tank waste that does not have sample-based data, a statistical-based value from probability distribution regression was used based on data from tanks belonging to a similar waste group. This report (Revision 3) updates the input data of hydrogen generation rates calculation for 177 tanks using the waste composition information in the Best-Basis Inventory Detail Report in the Tank Waste Information Network System, and the waste temperature data in the Surveillance Analysis Computer System (SACS) (dated July 2003). However, the release rate of methane, ammonia, and nitrous oxide is based on the input data (dated October 1999) as stated in Revision 0 of this report. Scenarios for adding waste to existing waste levels (dated July 2003) have been studied to determine the gas generation rates and the effect of smaller dome space on the flammability limits to address the issues of routine water additions and other possible waste transfer operations. In the flammability evaluation with zero ventilation, the sensitivity to waste temperature and to water addition was calculated for double-shell tanks 241-AY-102, 241-AN-102,241-AZ-101,241-AN-107,241-AY-101 and 241-AZ-101. These six have the least margin to flammable conditions among 28 double-shell tanks.
Download or read book Integral TRU Measurements in Hanford Waste Tanks Using Gas Analysis written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Methodology and Calculations for the Assignment of Waste Groups for the Large Underground Waste Storage Tanks at the Hanford Site written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This document categorizes each of the large waste storage tanks into one of several categories based on each tank's waste characteristics. These waste group assignments reflect a tank's propensity to retain a significant volume of flammable gases and the potential of the waste to release retained gas by a buoyant displacement event. Revision 7 is the annual update of the calculations of the flammable gas Waste Groups for DSTs and SSTs. The Hanford Site contains 177 large underground radioactive waste storage tanks (28 double-shell tanks and 149 single-shell tanks). These tanks are categorized into one of three waste groups (A, B, and C) based on their waste and tank characteristics. These waste group assignments reflect a tank's propensity to retain a significant volume of flammable gases and the potential of the waste to release retained gas by a buoyant displacement gas release event. Assignments of waste groups to the 177 double-shell tanks and single-shell tanks, as reported in this document, are based on a Monte Carlo analysis of three criteria. The first criterion is the headspace flammable gas concentration following release of retained gas. This criterion determines whether the tank contains sufficient retained gas such that the well-mixed headspace flammable gas concentration would reach 100% of the lower flammability limit if the entire tank's retained gas were released. If the volume of retained gas is not sufficient to reach 100% of the lower flammability limit, then flammable conditions cannot be reached and the tank is classified as a waste group C tank independent of the method the gas is released. The second criterion is the energy ratio and considers whether there is sufficient supernatant on top of the saturated solids such that gas-bearing solids have the potential energy required to break up the material and release gas. Tanks that are not waste group C tanks and that have an energy ratio
