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Essays On The Economics Of Education And Family Formation In Developing Countries
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Book Synopsis Essays on the Economics of Education and Family Formation in Developing Countries by : Ifeatu Oliobi
Download or read book Essays on the Economics of Education and Family Formation in Developing Countries written by Ifeatu Oliobi and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: I find that conflict induces men to delay first marriage and first birth, but there are no significant impacts on the timing of these activities for women. Both men and women who are exposed to the war have fewer children, and women also desire fewer children overall. Additionally, women who were exposed to the war have a smaller age difference from their husbands and are less likely to be married to men who have other wives. They are also less likely to experience domestic violence, on average. War exposure has no effect on the education difference between spouses, but women's educational attainment increases, on average, while that of men decreases. Finally, I find no effects of war exposure on women's relational empowerment, in terms of their attitudes to domestic violence and intra-household decision-making, but they are less likely to be engaged in paid work. This study contributes new evidence on the long-term impact of armed conflict on family formation in sub-Saharan Africa and shows how these impacts vary by gender and the age and duration of war exposure.
Book Synopsis Essays on the Economics of Education in Developing Countries by : Asankha Pallegedara
Download or read book Essays on the Economics of Education in Developing Countries written by Asankha Pallegedara and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2011-10 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economists and policy makers around the world believe that education promotes economic growth and reduces the poverty. Investment in education helps to increase individual productivity that provide better earnings, and reduces the inequality in the society. Many governments in developing countries realized the importance of education and implemented new policy initiatives to improve education. Many developing countries introduced free education policies, school expansion programs, and conditional cash transfer programs to increase the quantity of education. Although these new policies help to achieve significant progress in education, many children in developing countries are still not enrolling in schools or receiving a low-quality education. Furthermore, gender disparity in education is another concern in many developing countries. This study assess both quantity and quality aspect of education policy in developing countries using two case studies in Uganda and Sri Lanka.
Book Synopsis Essays on the Economics of Education in Developing Countries by : Priscila Hermida
Download or read book Essays on the Economics of Education in Developing Countries written by Priscila Hermida and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 570 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first chapter of this thesis provides descriptive measures of the intergenerational transmission of education in Guatemala, and how it has evolved during the XXth century. The results show white men and indigenous women, respectively at the top and at the bottom of the education distribution, have higher levels of persistence in educational attainment across cohorts. The gap in average schooling between ethnicities is growing across generations; and subgroup means are not converging over time to the overall mean. The second chapter estimates the causal long-term effect of the earthquake that hit Guatemala in 1976 on the educational attainment and adult height of children. The findings show detrimental effects on individuals who were in early childhood, or of school-going age at the time. These children have respectively 0.2 and 0.4 fewer years of schooling on average in adulthood per each additional SD in earthquake's intensity. Females were disproportionately affected. School-aged children and younger children of shorter mothers in affected areas suffered reductions in height. The results indicate natural disasters are not gender neutral and can have long-term consequences on human capital formation. The third chapter explores the effect of eliminating a one-off parental payment at the time of enrollment in the public education system in Ecuador, on the dropout rate during the academic year 2008-2009. The results show the mean impact of the elimination of the enrollment fee was an increase in the probability of staying in school of 2 percentage points. A larger impact was found for pupils living in urban areas, for students above the median of the income distribution and for males. These findings suggest the initiative had a positive effect overall, but failed to reach children from more at-risk groups of the school aged population.
Book Synopsis Essays on the Economics of Education in Developing Countries by : Evan Borkum
Download or read book Essays on the Economics of Education in Developing Countries written by Evan Borkum and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Four Essays in the Economics of Education and the Family by : Arnaud Chevalier
Download or read book Four Essays in the Economics of Education and the Family written by Arnaud Chevalier and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Essays on the Economics of Education in Developed and Developing Countries by : Joydeep Roy
Download or read book Essays on the Economics of Education in Developed and Developing Countries written by Joydeep Roy and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 179 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Essays on the Economics of Education in Developing Countries by : Lee Crawfurd
Download or read book Essays on the Economics of Education in Developing Countries written by Lee Crawfurd and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Economics of Education in Developing Countries by : Sebastián Piñera
Download or read book The Economics of Education in Developing Countries written by Sebastián Piñera and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Three Essays on Economics of Education in Developing Countries by : Mustafa Şeref Akın
Download or read book Three Essays on Economics of Education in Developing Countries written by Mustafa Şeref Akın and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Readings in the Economics of Education: a Selection of Articles, Essays and Texts from the Works of Economists, Past and Present, on the Relationships Between Economics and Education by : Unesco
Download or read book Readings in the Economics of Education: a Selection of Articles, Essays and Texts from the Works of Economists, Past and Present, on the Relationships Between Economics and Education written by Unesco and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 960 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Three Essays on Family, Education and Health in Developing Countries by : Irène Dohouin
Download or read book Three Essays on Family, Education and Health in Developing Countries written by Irène Dohouin and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation is organized in three chapters and revolves around issues related to family, education and health in developing countries. The first chapter studies how education affects women's HIV infection. By using an education reform that led to a sharp increase in women's education in Zambia, I estimate RDD, interacted with geographic differences in school supply. I find that an increase in female education led to HIV higher rate. I find no evidence that education affected women's HIV knowledge and their risky behaviors. Instead, the results are driven by the increased urbanization of the better educated women. The second and third chapters address the practice of child fostering in Sub-saharan Africa. In the chapter 2, co-authored with Caleb Gbeholo, we examine the determinants of child fostering across and within family in Benin. In this purpose, we rely a dataset that comes from a unique survey that we designed and conducted in Benin in 2022. We find that parents' education and the lost of one parent during childhood are associated with child fostering. The fostered child is chosen according his gender and his birth order, with daughters facing a high risk of fostering during childhood. Furthermore, the child probability to be foster is steady decline by birth order. The chapter 3, co-authored with Caleb Gbeholo, Raphael Godefroy and Joshua Lewis, studies the effect of child fostering on education and fertility. Using the same dataset as in chapter 2, we estimate that adults who were fostered as a child are significantly less likely to have attended school than their siblings. We show that this difference in education achievement increased after the launch of an education reform in the 1990s. We find no difference in fertility. We estimate that the practice of child fostering may account for a substantial share of the gender gap in education.
Book Synopsis Education for Development by : George Psacharopoulos
Download or read book Education for Development written by George Psacharopoulos and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1985 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drawing on the World Bank's twenty years of experience in education sector analysis and research, this book analyzes the policy issues facing educational planners, administrators, and policymakers in developing countries in choosing alternative strategies of educational investment.
Book Synopsis Teachers, Family and Friends by : Krister Sund
Download or read book Teachers, Family and Friends written by Krister Sund and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Essays on the Economics of Education by : Elizabeth Dhuey
Download or read book Essays on the Economics of Education written by Elizabeth Dhuey and published by ProQuest. This book was released on 2007 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The final chapter is "The Persistence of Early Childhood Maturity: International Evidence of Long-Run Age Effects." A continuum of ages exists at school entry due to the use of a single school cut-off date--making the "oldest" children approximately twenty percent older than the "youngest" children. We provide substantial evidence that these initial maturity differences have long lasting effects on student performance across OECD countries. In particular, the youngest members of each cohort score 4-12 percentiles lower than the oldest members in grade four and 2-9 percentiles lower in grade eight. In fact, data from Canada and the United States shows that the youngest members of each cohort are even less likely to attend university.
Book Synopsis Three Essays in Development and Health Economics by : Shamma Adeeb Alam
Download or read book Three Essays in Development and Health Economics written by Shamma Adeeb Alam and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 87 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation is on three essays on issues in development and health economics. In these essays, I try to examine how different health issues affect economic outcomes and vice versa. I examine individual and household responses to different economic and health issues in Bangladesh and Tanzania. In the first two chapters, I examine how different shocks affect family's fertility decisions and decision to make investments on their children in Tanzania. In the third chapter, I examine how information regarding dangers of pesticide affects the likelihood of pesticide exposure for farmers in Bangladesh. In the first chapter, I examine how parental illness affects child labor and schooling outcomes using panel data from Tanzania. Prior literature provides limited empirical evidence on the impact of parental illness on child labor and schooling outcomes. I examine if parental illness causes households to reallocate children's time from school to work. I find that a father's illness hinders child schooling by decreasing attendance and hours spent in school. These effects on schooling are substantially greater for severe illnesses. There is also evidence that a father's illness has long-term impact on child education, as it decreases their likelihood of completing primary school and leads to fewer total years of schooling. However, a father's illness has no effect on child labor. In contrast, a mother's illness does not affect child education, but does cause a small increase in children's work. Surprisingly, parental illness does not have a differential impact by children's gender. Additionally, illness of other household members, such as grandparents, adult siblings, and child siblings, has no effect on children's schooling. Thus, overall, there is no evidence that parental illness or illness of other household members affects children's schooling through increased child labor. Instead, the results suggest that only illness of fathers, who are typically the primary income earners in Tanzanian households, reduces household income and severely decreases the family's ability to afford child education. In the second chapter, which is a joint work with Claus Portner, we examine the relationship between household income shocks and fertility decisions. Using panel data from Tanzania, we estimate the impact of agricultural shocks on contraception use, pregnancy, and the likelihood of childbirth. To account for unobserved household characteristics that potentially affect both shocks and fertility decisions we employ a fixed effects model. Households significantly increase their contraception use in response to income shocks from crop loss. Furthermore, pregnancies and childbirth are significantly delayed for households experiencing a crop shock. We argue that these changes in behavior are the result of deliberate decisions of the households rather than income shocks' effects on other factors that in influence fertility, such as women's health status, the absence or migration of spouse, and dissolution of partnerships. In the third chapter, which is a joint work with Hendrik Wolff, we examine how different information sources influence precautionary behavior when using pesticide and likelihood of pesticide exposure. Modern agriculture heavily depends on the use of pesticides and has successfully increased productivity, but also led to increasing concerns regarding farmers' health. Mishandling of pesticides continues to pose a serious health problem for farmers especially in developing countries. This chapter describes supply side and demand side regulations for pesticide handling, health outcomes and adoption of health technologies using a detailed household level dataset from Bangladesh. The dataset is unique as it spans the chain from: `where do farmers obtain information from', `which precautionary tools (i.e. masks, gloves) are used' and `what are subsequent health outcomes after spraying'. Previous studies hypothesized that pesticide sellers in developing countries misguide farmers regarding pesticide use. On the other hand, government field extension workers reduce pesticide exposure by training farmers in Integrated Pest Management (IPM) techniques. In our dataset we cannot confirm these hypotheses. In contrast, we find that those famers that use information from pesticide sellers increase the adoption of precautionary tools. These same farmers also enjoy subsequently improved health outcomes. Further, our results show that the agricultural extension program does not significantly impact technology adoption or health. We find instead evidence of social learning as peer farmers, especially those trained in handling pesticides, have a substantial influence. We conclude with policy recommendations.
Book Synopsis Three Essays on Education and Its Impact on Economic Growth and Development by : Juan-Pedro Garces
Download or read book Three Essays on Education and Its Impact on Economic Growth and Development written by Juan-Pedro Garces and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this dissertation we explore different aspects of the relationship between education (as one of the main components of human capital) and economic productivity. In the first chapter, we measure the factors that contribute to the quality of education, following Hanushek and Woessmann (2007). An empirical research is carried out for the case of Chile, a country which implemented a very unique educational system in the mid-1980s, with a strong participation of the private sector in the provision of educational services. Amongst other factors, we study the influence of the public/private divide, the socio-economic level of the students and the pupil/teacher ratio. The quality of education is measured by the performance of students in standardised national tests administered to all schools in Chile. The second chapter explores the effects of population density on productivity and the synergetic impact of educational attainment and population density on the causation of technological progress and economic growth, following Becker et al. (1999). We devise a simple theoretical model to explain the channels through which education and density affect productivity, and we test it for a wide sample of developed and developing countries. Our empirical results confirm the positive impact of both population density—broadly defined—and the interaction of education and density on economic productivity. Finally, the third chapter of the dissertation examines the ongoing controversy about the roles of education and institutions as main contributing factors of economic growth. To try to establish a balanced view, we first assume as a premise that good institutional governance is indeed an important factor in promoting economic growth, as has been shown repeatedly in the literature. But at the same time, we investigate the causes of good institutional governance, and find out that educational attainment is one of the main factors contributing to most of the aspects of good governance.
Book Synopsis The Role of Basic Needs in Educational Decisions by : Anjali Adukia
Download or read book The Role of Basic Needs in Educational Decisions written by Anjali Adukia and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One in five children remain out of school in the world. This problem is especially stark in India, which is home to 25 percent of the out-of-school children in the world. Girls are disproportionately affected, with a quarter of them not completing primary school. When poor families are focused on the basic needs of household members, such as food, shelter, and clothing, it may be difficult to devote resources to educational investment. Children, particularly girls, are often neglected when resources are severely limited. Without access to adequate safety, clothing, sanitation, nutrition, and other fundamental needs, children may be unable to focus on education and other higher-level functions. Addressing basic needs through schools provides an opportunity to target vulnerable children and to encourage school enrollment. In my dissertation, I analyze the potential to increase educational attainment in developing countries through school-based interventions that target basic needs. I focus on the impact of two government programs in India: a school-latrine-construction program that addressed concerns about sanitation and a free school-uniform program that removed a barrier to low-income families. Drawing on extensive school-level data and local variation in program resources over time, I use a difference-in-differences empirical strategy to estimate impacts on the educational outcomes of school children. I also estimate differential impacts on school enrollment gaps by student sex and socioeconomic status. In India, where 100 million children live in poverty, it is important to learn whether addressing basic needs through schools could have a meaningful impact on educational attainment and improve lives.
