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Ergativity And Causativity
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Book Synopsis Ergativity and causativity by : Regina Männle
Download or read book Ergativity and causativity written by Regina Männle and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2008-08-05 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2008 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 1,0, University of Freiburg (English Department), course: The Syntax and Semantics of the English Verb Phrase, language: English, abstract: The term ‘ergativity’ is used to describe a grammatical pattern in which there is a formal parallel between the object of a transitive clause and the subject of an intransitive clause. The subject of the transitive clause, however, is treated differently. Dixon, in his standard survey of ergativity, uses the following symbols for these three elements: S = intransitive subject, A = transitive subject, and O = transitive object (1994:6). Initially, the term ‘ergativity’ was only associated with case marking on constituents of a noun phrase. Manning summarises this as folllows: “The more patient-like argument of a transitive verb appears in the same absolutive case as the single argument of an intransitive verb, while the more agent-like argument of a transitive verb is marked differently, in what is known as the ergative case” (1996 : 3). Thus, ergativity is the counterpiece to accusativity, where one case is employed for the intransitive (S) and the transitive subject (A) (nominative) and another case marks the transitive object (O) (accusative). The term ‘ergativity’ derives from the Greek words ergon ‘work, deed’ and ergátēs ‘doer (of an action)’ (Bussmann 1996 : 151) and thus relates to the active – the “more agent-like” – member of the pair involved in a transitive structure. Dixon states that the first use of this term was in 1912 in a study on the Dagestanian language Rutul (1994 : 3).
Book Synopsis Lexical Perspectives on Transitivity and Ergativity by : Maarten Lemmens
Download or read book Lexical Perspectives on Transitivity and Ergativity written by Maarten Lemmens and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 1998-01-01 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fusing insights from cognitive grammar, systemic-functional grammar and Government & Binding, the present work elaborates and refines Davidse's view that the English grammar of lexical causatives is governed by the transitive and ergative paradigms, two distinct models of causation (Davidse 1991, 1992). However, on the basis of extensive synchronic and diachronic data on verbs of killing (e.g. kill, execute, choke or drown), it is shown that 'transitivity' and 'ergativity' are not absolute but prototypical characteristics of verbs which may be overruled by the semantics of the construal in which they occur. The variable transitive or ergative character of the verbs reveals the complex interaction between the semantics of the construction and that of the verb. The diachronic analyses further illustrate how in the course of time verbs may change their paradigmatic properties, either temporarily (e.g. the ergativization of strangle, throttle and smother) or permanently (e.g. the 'causativization' of starve or the partial transitivization of abort). The analyses show that these changes are semantically well-motivated and further illustrate the cognitive reality of the two causative models. The work explores the experiential basis of the prototypical paradigmatic behaviour of verbs (e.g. the ergative predilection of the SUFFOCATE verbs). In addition, it attempts to shed more light on the semantics and restrictions of certain constructions, such as the medio-passive, the derivation of adjectives in able, or the derivation of agentive nominals in er.
Book Synopsis Causatives and Transitivity by : Bernard Comrie
Download or read book Causatives and Transitivity written by Bernard Comrie and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 1993-01-01 with total page 413 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume brings together 18 typological studies of causative and related constructions (transitivity, voice, other expressions of cause) by 19 scholars from North America, Western Europe, and Russia. The inspirations for the volume is the pioneering work on causative constructions by the Leningrad Typology Group; several of the contributors have close connections to the charter members of that group, others have appreciated this work from a distance. The volume as a whole is based on the concept of causative constructions as embracing both morphology and syntax, with an important semantic component as well. In addition to general studies concerning the morpho syntactic and semantic typology and the history of causative constructions and relations to other phenomena, the following individual languages are treated in detail: Russian, English, Dutch, Svan, Even, Korean, Yukaghir, Alutor, Aleut, Haruai, Dogon, Athabaskan languages. The volume will be of interest to typologists, to other linguists interested in causative constructions and transitivity relations, and to all who are interested in the linguistic expression of causal relations.
Book Synopsis Tense-aspect, Transitivity and Causativity by : Werner Abraham
Download or read book Tense-aspect, Transitivity and Causativity written by Werner Abraham and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 1999-01-01 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection presents typological work on tense, aspect, and epistemic modality in a variety of languages and against the background of different schools of thinking, among which the St. Petersburg Typological School developed and so masterfully implemented by the Petersburg linguist, Vladimir Petrovich Nedjalkov. The volume honors this reputed scholar for his life work. It is in mainly this spirit (and the EUROTYPE spirit) that the following scholars have contributed to the volume: T.Tsunoda on Warrungu (Australian indigeneous language), L. Kulikov on Vedic, K. Kiryu on Japanese, Korean and Newari, N. Sumbatova on Svan (from the Kartvelian group), T.Bulygina & A. Shmelev on Russian, W. Boeder on Georgian, R. Thieroff on aorist and imperfect in European languages, Y. Poupynin on Russian, L. Johanson on Kipchak Turkic, I. Dolinina on Russian, N. Kozintseva on Old and Modern Eastern Armenian, Ch. Lee on Korean, W. Abraham on split ergative languages and German, G. Silnitsky on Russian, V. Plungian on Russian, E. Rakhilina on Russian, and K. Ebert on Kalmyk.
Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Ergativity by : Jessica Coon
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Ergativity written by Jessica Coon and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 1297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume examines the phenomenon of ergativity, a grammatical patterning whereby direct objects are in some way treated like intransitive subjects, to the exclusion of transitive subjects. It includes theoretical approaches from generative, typological, and functional paradigms, as well as 16 language-specific case studies.
Book Synopsis The Syntax of Igbo Causatives by : Ndubuisi Anyanwu
Download or read book The Syntax of Igbo Causatives written by Ndubuisi Anyanwu and published by African Books Collective. This book was released on 2016-12-14 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Landmarks Series is a research and publications outfit funded by the Landmarks Research Foundation to publish recent outstanding doctoral dissertations on any aspect of Nigerian linguistics, languages, literatures and cultures. This study examines causatives in Igbo within the minimalist program. It identifies three types of causative: analytical, morphological and lexical. The book is divided into five chapters. Chapter 1 is the general introduction, while Chapter 2 examines in some details the theory of causativity. Chapters 3, 4 and 5 focus on the analytical, morphological and lexical causative respectively.
Download or read book Ergativity written by Robert M. W. Dixon and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1994-06-02 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although there is only one ergative language in Europe (Basque), perhaps one-quarter of the world's languages show ergative properties, and pose considerable difficulties for many current linguistic theories. R. M. W. Dixon here provides a full survey of the various types of ergativity, looking at the ways they interrelate, their semantic bases and their role in the organisation of discourse. Ergativity stems from R. M. W. Dixon's long-standing interest in the topic, and in particular from his seminal 1979 paper in Language. It includes a rich collection of data from a large number of the world's languages. Comprehensive, clear and insightful, it will be the standard point of reference for all those interested in the topic.
Book Synopsis The Mehweb language by : Michael Daniel
Download or read book The Mehweb language written by Michael Daniel and published by Language Science Press. This book was released on 2019-10-23 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an investigation into the grammar of Mehweb (Dargwa, East Caucasian also known as Nakh-Daghestanian) based on several years of team fieldwork. Mehweb is spoken in one village community in Daghestan, Russia, with a population of some 800 people, In many ways, Mehweb is a typical East Caucasian language: it has a rich inventory of consonants; an extensive system of spatial forms in nouns and converbs and volitional forms in verbs; pervasive gender-number agreement; and ergative alignment in case marking and in gender agreement. It is also a typical language of the Dargwa branch, with symmetrical verb inflection in the imperfective and perfective paradigm and extensive use of spatial encoding for experiencers. Although Mehweb is clearly close to the northern varieties of Dargwa, it has been long isolated from the main body of Dargwa varieties by speakers of Avar and Lak. As a result of both independent internal evolution and contact with its neighbours, Mehweb developed some deviant properties, including accusatively aligned egophoric agreement, a split in the feminine class, and the typologically rare grammatical categories of verificative and apprehensive. But most importantly, Mehweb is where our friends live.
Book Synopsis Ergativity in Amazonia by : Spike Gildea
Download or read book Ergativity in Amazonia written by Spike Gildea and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2010 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents a typological/theoretical introduction plus eight papers about ergative alignment in 16 Amazonian languages. All are written by linguists with years of fieldwork and comparative experience in the region, all describe details of the synchronic systems, and several also provide diachronic insight into the evolution of these systems. The five papers in Part I focus on languages from four larger families with ergative patterns primarily in morphology. The typological contribution is in detailed consideration of unusual splits, changes in ergative patterns, and parallels between ergative main clauses and nominalizations. The three papers in Part II discuss genetically isolated languages. Two present dominant ergative patterns in both morphology and syntax, the other a syntactic inverse system that is predominantly ergative in discourse. In each, the authors demonstrate that identification of traditional grammatical relations is problematic. These data will figure in all future typological and theoretical debates about grammatical relations.
Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Languages of the Caucasus by : Maria Polinsky
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Languages of the Caucasus written by Maria Polinsky and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-11-21 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Oxford Handbook of Languages of the Caucasus is an introduction to and overview of the linguistically diverse languages of southern Russia, Georgia, Azerbaijan, and Armenia. Though the languages of the Caucasus have often been mischaracterized or exoticized, many of them have cross-linguistically rare features found in few or no other languages. This handbook presents facts and descriptions of the languages written by experts. The first half of the book is an introduction to the languages, with the linguistic profiles enriched by demographic research about their speakers. It features overviews of the main language families as well as detailed grammatical descriptions of several individual languages. The second half of the book delves more deeply into theoretical analyses of features, such as agreement, ellipsis, and discourse properties, which are found in some languages of the Caucasus. Promising areas for future research are highlighted throughout the handbook, which will be of interest to linguists of all subfields.
Book Synopsis New Essays on Umberto Eco by : Peter Bondanella
Download or read book New Essays on Umberto Eco written by Peter Bondanella and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2009-07-02 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An introduction to Eco's contributions to a wide range of academic disciplines, as well as to his literary works.
Book Synopsis Ergativity and Other Alignment Types in Neo-Aramaic by : Paul M. Noorlander
Download or read book Ergativity and Other Alignment Types in Neo-Aramaic written by Paul M. Noorlander and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2021-08-24 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The alignment splits in the Neo-Aramaic languages display a considerable degree of diversity, especially in terms of agreement. While earlier studies have generally oversimplified the actual state of affairs, Paul M. Noorlander offers a meticulous and clear account of nearly all microvariation documented so far, addressing all relevant morphosyntactic phenomena. By means of fully glossed and translated examples, the author shows that this vast variation in morphological alignment, including ergativity, is unexpected from a functional typological perspective. He argues the alignment splits are rather the outcome of several construction-specific processes such as internal system harmonization and grammaticalization, as well as language contact.
Book Synopsis Substance-based Grammar – The (Ongoing) Work of John Anderson by : Roger Böhm
Download or read book Substance-based Grammar – The (Ongoing) Work of John Anderson written by Roger Böhm and published by John Benjamins Publishing Company. This book was released on 2018-12-12 with total page 453 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The contributions of this volume centre around the (ongoing) work of John Anderson, Professor Emeritus at the University of Edinburgh and Fellow of the British Academy, who, with detailed studies in phonology, morphology, semantics and syntax as well as careful discussions of historical and methodological issues in linguistics at large, has been and still is the central figure in the development of a theory of language structure driven by the assumption of structural analogy between syntax and phonology and firmly grounded in the long-standing tradition of substantively based grammar behind it. The first contribution is a lengthy ‘interview’, based on a series of written interchanges by József Andor with John Anderson, which focuses on the development of Anderson’s work and its relation to contemporaneous developments in linguistics. The following eight contributions, centring on general issues concerning the historiography of localism, the lexicon, meaning and syntax and, finally, phonology, deal with applications, extensions, answers to criticism and philosophical context of Anderson’s work.
Download or read book Basque and Romance written by Ane Berro and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2019-05-07 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aligning Grammars: Basque and Romance offers a theoretically-informed in-depth description of several linguistic structures of Basque and surrounding Romance languages. Its goal is to shed some light on the linguistic systems of these languages and their interactions.
Book Synopsis The Linguist's Linguist by : Fabrice Cavoto
Download or read book The Linguist's Linguist written by Fabrice Cavoto and published by Lincom. This book was released on 2002 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Chinese Lexical Semantics by : Jia-Fei Hong
Download or read book Chinese Lexical Semantics written by Jia-Fei Hong and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-01-03 with total page 873 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-workshop proceedings of the 20th Chinese Lexical Semantics Workshop, CLSW 2019, held in Chiayi, Taiwan, in June 2019. The 39 full papers and 46 short papers included in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 254 submissions. They are organized in the following topical sections: lexical semantics; applications of natural language processing; lexical resources; corpus linguistics.
Book Synopsis Subject, Voice and Ergativity by : N Bennett
Download or read book Subject, Voice and Ergativity written by N Bennett and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2005-12-01 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First Published in 1998. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
