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Author : S. E. Belanger
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 99 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (17 download)
Download or read book Environmental Risk Assessment of Alcohol Ethoxylate Nonionic Surfactant written by S. E. Belanger and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Stephen M. Mudge
Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN 13 : 178801362X
Total Pages : 220 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (88 download)
Download or read book Fatty Alcohols written by Stephen M. Mudge and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2018-09-28 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fatty alcohols are mainly used in the production of detergents and surfactants. This book provides new information regarding products containing fatty alcohol derivatives, the fate of these down-the-drain products in wastewater systems and the use of compound specific stable isotope methods.
Author : Wayne G. Landis
Publisher : ASTM International
ISBN 13 : 0803118600
Total Pages : 430 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (31 download)
Download or read book Environmental Toxicology and Risk Assessment written by Wayne G. Landis and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1993 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Sylvia S. Talmage
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 0429610629
Total Pages : 387 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (296 download)
Download or read book Environmental and Human Safety of Major Surfactants written by Sylvia S. Talmage and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-04-08 with total page 387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book summarizes and reviews the environmental and human safety of two classes of nonionic surfactants-alcohol ethoxylates (AE) and alkylphenol ethoxylates (APE). This unique resource contains critical data from published sources as well as from unpublished studies submitted by Soap and Detergent Association member companies. It reviews information on product chemistry and analysis, biodegradation, environmental levels (including fate and distribution), aquatic toxicity, and human safety. Recently developed analytical techniques for the extraction, separation, detection, and measurement of nonionic surfactants and their metabolites in environmental samples are described. Results of biodegradation studies performed with a variety of test systems are tabulated, as are results of field studies at wastewater treatment plants. Reported comparisons of environmental levels with results of acute and chronic aquatic toxicity tests are provided. The information on the toxicity and irritation potential of AE and APE surfactants includes data from in vitro, mammalian, and human studies.
Author : Francisco G. Calvo-Flores
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527338764
Total Pages : 528 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (273 download)
Download or read book Emerging Pollutants written by Francisco G. Calvo-Flores and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-02-20 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An excellent, concise, and interdisciplinary overview of different classes of emerging pollutants arising, for example, from pharmaceuticals, pesticides, personal care products, and industrial chemicals and their impact on water, soil, and air. Following an introduction to chemical pollutants, with special attention focused on organic compounds and their properties, the book goes on to describe major emerging pollutants grouped according to their applications in different sectors of industrial or economic activity. For each type of compound, the chemical structure, main properties, and source are presented, along with their fate in the environment as pollutants, the latest analytical methods for detection, possible health or ecology consequences, as well as current regulatory laws. New developments, such as nanotechnology as a pollution source, are also included. The book closes with a chapter devoted to conclusions and future perspectives.
Author : Yuhei Inamori
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9811367981
Total Pages : 237 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (113 download)
Download or read book Microcosm Manual for Environmental Impact Risk Assessment written by Yuhei Inamori and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-06-22 with total page 237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a comprehensive guide to microcosms (N-systems) in multiple-species testing and aquatic ecosystem risk assessment. It provides standardized methods for creating the microbial ecosystem, and proposes a standardized microcosm system for environmental impact risk assessments. The book will be of interest to students and educators, researchers, government authorities, developers and manufacturers engaged in ecosystem preservation, water quality management personnel at sewage treatment or industrial effluent treatment facilities, and anyone involved in education, management and analysis evaluation for environmental standards and waste water quality standards.
Author : Sylvia S. Talmage
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 0429605102
Total Pages : 392 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (296 download)
Download or read book Environmental and Human Safety of Major Surfactants written by Sylvia S. Talmage and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-04-08 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book summarizes and reviews the environmental and human safety of two classes of nonionic surfactants-alcohol ethoxylates (AE) and alkylphenol ethoxylates (APE). This unique resource contains critical data from published sources as well as from unpublished studies submitted by Soap and Detergent Association member companies. It reviews information on product chemistry and analysis, biodegradation, environmental levels (including fate and distribution), aquatic toxicity, and human safety. Recently developed analytical techniques for the extraction, separation, detection, and measurement of nonionic surfactants and their metabolites in environmental samples are described. Results of biodegradation studies performed with a variety of test systems are tabulated, as are results of field studies at wastewater treatment plants. Reported comparisons of environmental levels with results of acute and chronic aquatic toxicity tests are provided. The information on the toxicity and irritation potential of AE and APE surfactants includes data from in vitro, mammalian, and human studies.
Author : Henry A. Craddock
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119244269
Total Pages : 576 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (192 download)
Download or read book Oilfield Chemistry and its Environmental Impact written by Henry A. Craddock and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-05-11 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Consolidates the many different chemistries being employed to provide environmentally acceptable products through the upstream oil and gas industry This book discusses the development and application of green chemistry in the oil and gas exploration and production industry over the last 25 years — bringing together the various chemistries that are utilised for creating suitable environmental products. Written by a highly respected consultant to the oil and gas industry — it introduces readers to the principles and development of green chemistry in general, and the regulatory framework specific to the oil and gas sector in the North Sea area and elsewhere in the world. It also explores economic drivers pertaining to the application of green chemistry in the sector. Topics covered in Oilfield Chemistry and its Environmental Impact include polymer chemistry, surfactants and amphiphiles, phosphorus chemistry, inorganic salts, low molecular weight organics, silicon chemistry and green solvents. It also looks at sustainability in an extractive industry, examining the approaches used and the other methodologies that could be applied in the development of better chemistries, along with discussions about where the application of green chemistry is leading in this industry sector. Provides the reader with a ready source of reference when considering what chemistries are appropriate for application to oilfield problems and looking for green chemistry solutions Brings together the pertinent regulations which workers in the field will find useful, alongside the chemistries which meet the regulatory requirements Written by a well-known specialist with a combined knowledge of chemistry, manufacturing procedures and environmental issues Oilfield Chemistry and its Environmental Impact is an excellent book for oil and gas industry professionals as well as scientists, academic researchers, students and policy makers.
Author : Girma Biresaw
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1439889589
Total Pages : 601 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (398 download)
Download or read book Surfactants in Tribology written by Girma Biresaw and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-03-20 with total page 601 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The manufacture and use of almost every consumer and industrial product rely on application of advanced knowledge in surface science and tribology. These two disciplines are of critical importance in major economic sectors, such as mining, agriculture, manufacturing (including metals, plastics, wood, computers, MEMS, NEMS, appliances), construction, transportation, and medical instruments, transplants, and diagnostic devices. An up-to-date reference with contributions by experts in surface science and tribology, Surfactants in Tribology, Volume 3 discusses some of the underlying tribological and surface science issues relevant to many situations in diverse industries. The tradition of presenting new developments and research that began with the first volume in this groundbreaking series continues in the third volume. Comprising 19 chapters on various aspects of surfactants in tribology—including subjects not covered in previous volumes—this book is presented in four parts: Nanotribology and Polymeric Systems, Biobased and Environmentally Friendly Lubricants and Additives, Tribological Properties of Aqueous and Nonaqueous Systems, and Advanced Tribological Concepts. Topics include tribological properties of nanoparticles, biopolymer friction, environmentally friendly surface-active agents, biolubricants, aqueous mixed surfactant systems, and surfactants in motor oil, drilling fluids, and in electrowetting for MEMS and NEMS. The information in this volume provides a cutting-edge reference connecting the fields of surfactants and tribology as a way forward to novel, enhanced methods of controlling lubrication, friction, and wear. Written by a global team of established authorities, this book reflects the latest developments, highlighting the relevance of surfactants in tribological phenomena in a broad range of industries. It provides a valuable resource for readers working in or entering the fields of tribology and surface science.
Author : K. A. Evans
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (131 download)
Download or read book Quantification of Alcohol Ethoxylate Surfactants in Environmental Samples by Electrospray Mass Spectrometry written by K. A. Evans and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : D.R. Karsa
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401113483
Total Pages : 269 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (11 download)
Download or read book Biodegradability of Surfactants written by D.R. Karsa and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The awareness and development of 'biodegradable' surfactants pre-dates current pressures by the environmental movement by nearly three decades, wherein a responsible industry mutually agreed to replace 'hard', non-biodegradable com ponents of household detergents by 'soft', biodegradable alternatives, without course to legislation. The only requirement at that time was for surfactants used in detergents to exhibit a 'primary biodegradability' in excess of 80%; this referring to the disap pearance or removal from solution of the intact surface active material as de tected by specified analytical techniques. This proved useful, as observed environmental impacts of surfactants, e.g. visible foam on rivers, are associated with the intact molecule. Test methods for 'primary biodegradability' were eventually enshrined in EU legislation for nonionic surfactants (Directive 821242/EEC, amended 73/404IEEC) and for anionic surfactants (Directive 8212431EEC, amended 73/405IEEC). No approved test methods and resultant legislation have been developed for cationic and amphoteric surfactants to date. The environmental classification of chemical substances, which of course includes surfactants, and associated risk assessment utilises a second criterion 'ready biodegradability'. This may be assessed by a number of methods which monitor oxygen uptake (BOD), carbon dioxide production or removal of dis solved organic carbon (DOC). Some surfactants which comply with the above Detergents Directive are borderline when it comes to 'ready biodegradability'.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 628 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 628 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309169992
Total Pages : 119 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Spills of Emulsified Fuels written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2002-01-29 with total page 119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spills of Emulsified Fuels: Risks and Response is part of an evolving body of work conducted by the National Research Council (NRC) to help inform debate and decision-making regarding the ecological consequences of releases associated with the widespread use of fossil fuels. Like earlier NRC reports, it attempts to understand the chemical, physical, and biological behavior of a complex mix of compounds that make up various petroleum hydrocarbon-based fuels. The specific risk factors presented by emulsified fuels are difficult to characterize, mainly because there have been no spills of emulsified fuels to date, and thus there is little practical experience with these products.
Author : SETAC (Society). Meeting
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book Ecological Risk Assessment written by SETAC (Society). Meeting and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Victor M. Leon
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0323904440
Total Pages : 508 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (239 download)
Download or read book Contaminants of Emerging Concern in the Marine Environment written by Victor M. Leon and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-03-13 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contaminants of emerging concern in the marine environment: current challenges in marine pollution reviews the available data in relation to contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) in the marine environment: main sources, transport pathways, distribution in seawater and sediments, bioaccumulation, and biological effects. Each chapter recaps the most relevant information about the main groups of CECs, describing the particularities and specificities of each group and focusing on the most relevant individual contaminants. CECs are not regulated substances, and therefore not considered in national and international monitoring programs, even though they may have a potential impact on the environment due to their continuous input, relative persistence, and/or toxicity. CECs are relevant not only in continental and coastal areas close to their main sources, but also in the open sea, because some of them are likely to be transported long distances through air deposition or absorbed into particulate material. The persistence of many degradable substances in the marine environment increases when they are absorbed into particulate material/sediments and/or when they are subjected to anaerobic conditions that slow down the degradation kinetic of many contaminants. Bioaccumulation of several CECs has been confirmed in different coastal organisms; however, in general, the information available (species and trophic levels considered) is very limited because most studies are mainly focused on specific coastal areas. This book offers useful information about not regulated contaminants that are not considered in international monitoring programs but have potential impacts in coastal and open-sea areas. Therefore reading the book will allow them to improve their view about the real impact of current-use contaminants in the marine environment. Presents a comprehensive view of the most relevant groups of CECs Includes an overview of each group of CECs, including uses, properties, analysis, distribution, bioaccumulation, and effects Provides information on all environmental compartments and marine areas (coast, continental shelf, and open sea)
Author : Young Kim
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1402063644
Total Pages : 437 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)
Download or read book Advanced Environmental Monitoring written by Young Kim and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-10-31 with total page 437 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book deals with recent developments and applications of environmental monitoring technologies, with emphasis on rapidly progressing optical and biological methods. Written by worldwide experts, this book will be of interest to environmental scientists in academia, research institutes, industry and the government.
Author : Thorsten Reemtsma
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 352760863X
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (276 download)
Download or read book Organic Pollutants in the Water Cycle written by Thorsten Reemtsma and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-12-13 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This first in-depth and comprehensive reference on the most pertinent polar contaminant classes and their behavior in the whole water cycle includes, among others, industrial chemicals, consumer products, polar herbicides and pharmaceuticals. All chapters are uniformly structured, covering properties, pollution sources, occurrence in wastewater, surface water, and groundwater as well as water treatment aspects, while ecotoxicological and assessment aspects are also covered. Among the authors are leading experts in their relevant fields, many of whom provide here groundbreaking research results. The result is an up-to-date information source for researchers and professionals working in water quality monitoring, water supply, or wastewater treatment, as well as environmental and water chemists, geochemists, ecologists, chemists and engineers.
