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Author : 許旭辰
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 135 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (658 download)
Download or read book Energy Transfer of Highly Vibrationally Excited Molecules written by 許旭辰 and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 11 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (122 download)
Download or read book Reglement van het plattelandsch begrafenisfonds, te Ysselmonde written by and published by . This book was released on with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : F. Crim
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 8 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (455 download)
Download or read book Intramolecular and Intermolecular Energy Transfer in Highly Vibrationally Excited Molecules written by F. Crim and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The research described in this Final Report was directed at studying the dynamics of vibrationally excited molecules, which are important in many energetic environments. The first goal was assembly of an ultrafast laser system producing 1 mJ, 100 fs pulses of 800 nm light, and implementing nonlinear processes for converting those pulses to infrared and ultraviolet light. This system permitted the a direct measurement of the time for intramolecular vibrational energy flow in nitric acid (HONO2) initially prepared with two quanta of O-H bond stretching excitation. The measurements showed that energy flowed out of that initially excited vibration in 12 ps, a time consistent with a coupling matrix element of about 0.08 /cm. This result on an isolated molecule sets the stage for the a similar measurement in a liquid.
Author : Chris Arthur Michaels
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 204 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (834 download)
Download or read book The Collisional Relaxation of Highly Vibrationally Excited Molecules written by Chris Arthur Michaels and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : F. Fleming Crim
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 6 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (227 download)
Download or read book Collisional Energy Transfer in Highly Vibrationally Excited Molecules written by F. Fleming Crim and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Combining the techniques of direct excitation of overtone vibrations and time resolved spectroscopic detection permits detailed measurements of the vibrational and rotational relaxation of highly vibrationally excited molecules. Using this technique, we have measured vibrational and rotational relaxation in HF(v=3,4,5,). By observing near-infrared fluorescence, we determine the self-relaxation probabilities for HF(v=3,4,5) to be 0.19, 0.47, and 0.97, respectively, and find that the rates decrease more rapidly with temperature in these high levels than for v=1. Using laser double resonance to probe individual rotational states, we find phenomenological rotational relaxation rate constants which decrease montonically with rotational energy change in the vibrationally excited molecule. (Author).
Author : John R. Barker
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 49 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (227 download)
Download or read book Bimolecular Reactions and Energy-Transfer Processes of Highly Vibrationally Excited Molecules Related to Energetic Materials written by John R. Barker and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Infrared Multiphoton Absorption (IRMPA) was used to produce populations of vibrationally excited 1,1,2-trifluoroethane, which were characterized by optoacoustic measurements of absorbed laser power and collision free decomposition yields. The measurements were accurately fitted with a Master Equation that included Quack's theory of IRMPA, three RRKM unimolecular reaction channels, and collisional energy transfer. The highly constrained adjustable parameters indicate that the optical coupling matrix elements are dramatically reduced in magnitude near reaction threshold energies where vibrational anharmonicity becomes important. Observed infrared fluorescence from the excited molecules is in excellent agreement with Master Equation predictions and it was used to monitor collisional deactivation of the excited molecules. The energy transfer exhibits a weak vibrational energy on bimolecular reactions of TFE, but no such effects have yet been observed. A Monte Carlo method is described for efficient multidimensional integration not restricted to hyper-dimensional rectangles, but applied to more complicated domains. When known, the boundaries of a arbitrary integration region can be used to define the sampling domain, resulting in sampling with unit efficiency.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 16 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (871 download)
Download or read book Interaction of Highly Vibrationally Excited Molecules with Clean Metal Surfaces. Final Technical Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors present results from a grant funded under the Department of Energy Office of Basic Energy Sciences. A collaboration between Prof. Alec Wodtke of the Department of Chemistry at UCSB and Daniel J. Auerbach of IBM Almaden Research Labs has allowed new experiments on the dynamics of surface chemical reactivity to be successfully executed. High quality data has been generated which provides an excellent test of theoretical models of surface reactivity, a topic of importance to catalysis. The authors have obtained the first experimental measurements on the influence of reactant velocity on the steric effect in a chemical reaction: the dissociative adsorption of hydrogen on copper. They have also designed and built a molecular beam scattering apparatus for the study of highly vibrationally excited molecules and their interactions with clean and oxidized metal surfaces. With this apparatus they have observed the vibrational energy exchange of highly vibrationally excited NO with an oxidized copper surface. Multi-quantum vibrational relaxation was found ([Delta]v = 1-5). Such remarkably strong and efficient vibrational energy transfer represents a qualitatively new phenomenon and is representative of the exciting new behavior that they had hoped might be observable in this project. Evidence of chemical reactivity of vibrationally excited NO on a clean copper surface was also found.
Author : Kieran Fergus Lim
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 450 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (22 download)
Download or read book Collisional Energy Transfer from Highly Vibrationally Excited Polyatomic Molecules written by Kieran Fergus Lim and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Trevor C. Brown
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 338 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (22 download)
Download or read book Studies in Collisional Energy Transfer of Highly Rotationally and Vibrationally Excited Molecules written by Trevor C. Brown and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis describes the studies made on several unimolecular reaction systems in order to obtain collisional energy transfer information on highly excited polyatomic molecules. Pressure-dependant very low-pressure pyrolysis (VLPP) and infrared multiphoton decomposition (IRMPD) experimental techniques are used.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 17 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (227 download)
Download or read book State-Resolved Collisional Energy Transfer in Highly Vibrationally Excited Polyatomic Molecules written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The transfer of energy in isolated or colliding molecules is a fundamental process with practical consequences for complex phenomena occurring in atmospheric chemistry, combustion, molecular lasers, plasmas, and a host of other environments containing energetic species. We have developed a technique that combines vibrational overtone excitation, to prepare highly vibrationally excited initial states, and time-resolved spectroscopic detection, to probe the evolution of the prepared state, for studying energy transfer in vibrationally energized molecules. We have used this approach to determine directly, for the first time, the frequencies of the three ungerade vibrations in the first electronically excited state of acetylene. Using this information we have characterized highly vibrationally excited states of acetylene and directly the frequencies and rotational constants of the perturbing vibrational states at these energies. Combining these spectroscopic insights on the vibrationally and electronically excited states of acetylene has allowed us to determine the energy transfer rates and pathways in the collisional relaxation of a polyatomic molecule containing 10,000 cm-1 of vibrational energy, Rotational energy transfer is very rapid, occurring on about every other collision, but is essentially unaffected by the identity of the vibrational state in which the rotational relaxation occurs.
Author : F. F. Crim
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 22 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (227 download)
Download or read book Collisional Energy Transfer in Highly Vibrationally Excited Polyatomic Molecules written by F. F. Crim and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The three objectives of this work are to determine the nature of highly vibrationally excited polyatomic molecule, to determine the rate constants and pathways for the collisional relaxation of these molecules, and to probe the electronic spectroscopy of these molecules. We have created and implemented approaches for accomplishing these objectives and have demonstrated their feasibility by studying the collisional energy transfer in highly vibrational excited acetylene. We have found that the collisional self relaxation rates of single angular momentum states with 10,000/cm of vibrational energy are a substantial fraction of the gas kinetic collision rates. The rate constant is about a factor of two smaller for relaxation by atomic partners. Molecular energy transfer, Vibrational energy transfer. (MJM).
Author : F. Fleming Crim
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 6 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (227 download)
Download or read book Vibrational and Rotational Energy Transfer in Highly Vibrationally Excited Hydrogen Fluoride and Deuterium Fluoride written by F. Fleming Crim and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Combining the techniques of direct excitation of overtone vibrations and time resolved spectroscopic detection permits detailed measurements of the vibrational and rotational relaxation of highly vibrationally excited molecules. Using this technique, we have measured vibrational and rotational relaxation in HF(v = 3,4,5) between 300 K and 650 K and have compared these results to various theoretical calculations. Using laser double resonance to probe individual rotational states, we find phenomenological rotational relaxation rate constants which decrease montonically with rotational energy change in the vibrationally excited molecule, and we have directly measured the vibrational relaxation rate constants for v = 1 and v = 2 as well as made a preliminary estimate of the (surprisingly small) fraction of the relaxation which goes by vibration-to-vibration energy transfer.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 10 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (227 download)
Download or read book Time Resolved Energy Transfer and Photodissociation of Vibrationally Excited Molecules written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These experiments use ultrafast laser spectroscopy to study reaction and photodissociation dynamics in solution, probing both photodissociation and intramolecular energy transfer. They have observed the photodissociation dynamics of methylhypochlorite (CH3OCl) in different solvents by monitoring the disappearance of the Cl atom and have compared the flow of energy in vibrationally excited methyl iodide (CH3l) in solution and in the gas phase. This second experiment is one of the few direct comparisons of intramolecular vibrational energy flow in a solvated molecule with that in the same molecule isolated in a gas. Because of the importance of vibrational relaxation of molecules after photoisomerization, the other goal has been to probe the vibrational energy flow in both cis and trans-stilbene, a prototypical molecule for cis-trans isomerization.
Author : James Yardley
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0323156037
Total Pages : 321 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (231 download)
Download or read book Introduction to Molecular Energy Transfer written by James Yardley and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction to Molecular Energy Transfer intends to provide an elementary introduction to the subject of molecular energy transfer and relaxation. The book covers the foundation of molecular energy transfer such as quantum mechanics; the vibrational state of molecules; and vibrational energy transfer and the experimental methods for its study. Coverage also includes the different kinds of energy transfer in gases; vibrational relaxation in condensed phases; electronic states and interactions; electronic energy as a result of intermolecular interaction; radiationless electronic transition; and rotational energy transfer. The text is recommended for students, graduates, and researchers in the fields of physics and chemistry, especially those who would like to know more about molecular energy transfer.
Author : I. Oref
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 35 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (227 download)
Download or read book Average Vibrational Energy Transfer During a Single Collision of Excited Molecules with Heat Bath Molecules written by I. Oref and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A statistical collisional energy transfer probability related to Boltzmann forms is assumed. Single collisions between vibrationally excited substrate molecules with heat bath molecules are considered. The dependence of the average energy per collision transferred up, down and overall on the initial energy content, on the temperature and on the size of the bath and substrate molecules is calculated and compared with data in the literature. (Author).
Author : C. B. Moore
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 7 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (227 download)
Download or read book The Dynamics of Vibrationally Excited Molecules written by C. B. Moore and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work studies the transfer of vibrational energy among molecular degrees of freedom and the chemical reactions of vibrationally excited molecules. By resolving the dependence of energy transfer and reaction processes on quantum numbers the mechanism of and forces involved in these processes are identified. Keywords: Photofragment spectroscopy; Vibrational energy transfer; Matrix isolation; Photodissociation; Vibrational photochemistry.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 130 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (727 download)
Download or read book Collision Dynamics of Methyl Radicals and Highly Vibrationally Excited Molecules Using Crossed Molecular Beams written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The vibrational to translational (V-->T) energy transfer in collisions between large highly vibrationally excited polyatomics and rare gases was investigated by time-of-flight techniques. Two different methods, UV excitation followed by intemal conversion and infrared multiphoton excitation (IRMPE), were used to form vibrationally excited molecular beams of hexafluorobenzene and sulfur hexafluoride, respectively. The product translational energy was found to be independent of the vibrational excitation. These results indicate that the probability distribution function for V-->T energy transfer is peaked at zero. The collisional relaxation of large polyatomic molecules with rare gases most likely occurs through a rotationally mediated process. Photodissociation of nitrobenzene in a molecular beam was studied at 266 nm. Two primary dissociation channels were identified including simple bond rupture to produce nitrogen dioxide and phenyl radical and isomerization to form nitric oxide and phenoxy radical. The time-of-flight spectra indicate that simple bond rupture and isomerization occurs via two different mechanisms. Secondary dissociation of the phenoxy radicals to carbon monoxide and cyclopentadienyl radicals was observed as well as secondary photodissociation of phenyl radical to give H atom and benzyne. A supersonic methyl radical beam source is developed. The beam source configuration and conditions were optimized for CH3 production from the thermal decomposition of azomethane. Elastic scattering of methyl radical and neon was used to differentiate between the methyl radicals and the residual azomethane in the molecular beam.
