Effects of Nonplanar Driver-side Mirrors on Lane Change Crashes

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 20 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (631 download)

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Book Synopsis Effects of Nonplanar Driver-side Mirrors on Lane Change Crashes by : Juha Luoma

Download or read book Effects of Nonplanar Driver-side Mirrors on Lane Change Crashes written by Juha Luoma and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This quasi-experiment investigated the effects on lane change crashes of nonplanar (spherical convex and multiradius) driver-side mirrors compared to planar mirrors. The analysis was based on 1,062 crashes reported from 1987 to 1998 to Finnish insurance companies, for vehicles with passenger-side spherical convex mirrors and one of three types of driver-side mirror (planar, spherical convex, or multiradius). The results showed that the mean effect of nonplanar mirrors compared to planar mirrors was a statistically significant decrease of 22.9% in lane change crashes to the driver side. The effects of spherical convex and multiradius mirrors were not statistically different from each other. The nonplanar mirrors were beneficial especially for the high risk driver groups, as well as for the lane change situations and environmental conditions in which most lane change crashes take place in the U.S. The present findings support the use of nonplanar driver-side mirrors. If drivers have problems with judgements of the speed and distance of approaching vehicles using nonplanar mirrors, the magnitude of this concern seems to be minimal compared toapparent benefits with regard to other mechanisms of lane change crashes.

EFFECTS OF DRIVERSIDE MIRROR TYPE ON LANE CHANGE ACCIDENTS

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 14 pages
Book Rating : 4.L/5 (5 download)

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Book Synopsis EFFECTS OF DRIVERSIDE MIRROR TYPE ON LANE CHANGE ACCIDENTS by : JUHA LUOMA, MICHAEL SIVAK, MICHAEL J. FLANNAGAN

Download or read book EFFECTS OF DRIVERSIDE MIRROR TYPE ON LANE CHANGE ACCIDENTS written by JUHA LUOMA, MICHAEL SIVAK, MICHAEL J. FLANNAGAN and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Effects of Driver-side Mirror Type on Lane-change Accidents

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 9 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (375 download)

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Book Synopsis Effects of Driver-side Mirror Type on Lane-change Accidents by : Juha Luoma

Download or read book Effects of Driver-side Mirror Type on Lane-change Accidents written by Juha Luoma and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This quasi-experiment was designed to investigate the effects of the type of driver-side mirror on lane-change accidents. The analysis was based on 407 accidents reported from 1987 to 1992 to Finnish insurance companies, for vehicles with passenger-side convex mirrors and one of three types of driver-side mirrors (flat, convex, or multiradius). The results showed that there was no difference between the multiradius and convex mirrors in the frequencies of lane-change accidents to the left. Compared to the flat mirror, the mean effect of the multiradius and convex mirror was 22% decrease. the 95% confidence interval ranged from a 51% decrease to a 25% increase. This result was not related to driver characteristics or driving conditions. In conclusion, the multiradius and convex driver-side mirrors, in comparison to the flat mirror, are more likely to reduce than increase land-change accidents. A theoretical implication of this study is that minimizing the blind spot is likely to be more important than providing an undistorted image of objects. From a practical point of view, the present findings support the use of multiradius and convex driver-side mirrors.

Non-planar Driver's Side Rearview Mirrors: a Survey of Mirror Types and European Driver Experience and a Driver Behavior Study on the Influence of Experience and Driver Age on Gap Acceptance and Vehicle Detection

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 118 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Non-planar Driver's Side Rearview Mirrors: a Survey of Mirror Types and European Driver Experience and a Driver Behavior Study on the Influence of Experience and Driver Age on Gap Acceptance and Vehicle Detection by : Alexander P. de Vos

Download or read book Non-planar Driver's Side Rearview Mirrors: a Survey of Mirror Types and European Driver Experience and a Driver Behavior Study on the Influence of Experience and Driver Age on Gap Acceptance and Vehicle Detection written by Alexander P. de Vos and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Workshop on Rearview Mirror Human Factors Research Needs

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 44 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis Workshop on Rearview Mirror Human Factors Research Needs by : Michael J. Flannagan

Download or read book Workshop on Rearview Mirror Human Factors Research Needs written by Michael J. Flannagan and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Object Detection, Collision Warning, and Avoidance Systems

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Publisher : SAE International
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 440 pages
Book Rating : 4.X/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis Object Detection, Collision Warning, and Avoidance Systems by : Ronald K. Jurgen

Download or read book Object Detection, Collision Warning, and Avoidance Systems written by Ronald K. Jurgen and published by SAE International. This book was released on 2007 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contains 51 papers covering eight years of research on object detection, collision warning, and collision avoidance. Topics covered include: Parking aids; Target tracking with cameras; Sensor combinations; Blind spot detection; Imager chips; Lane tracking; Lane and road departure warning; Sensor fusion; Intersection collision warning; Front- and rear-end crash avoidance; Automatic collision avoidance systems; Braking systems for collision avoidance; and Driver-vehicle interface requirements.

Are Driver-side Convex Mirrors Helpful Or Harmful?.

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 20 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (356 download)

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Book Synopsis Are Driver-side Convex Mirrors Helpful Or Harmful?. by : J. Schumann

Download or read book Are Driver-side Convex Mirrors Helpful Or Harmful?. written by J. Schumann and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This analysis of accident data was designed to replicate and extend an earlier analysis that investigated the effects of different types of driver-side mirrors on lane-change accidents (Luoma, Sivak, and Flannagan, 1995). The present analysis was based on 3,038 lane-change accidents that occurred in Great Britain between 1989 and 1992. Mirror information for the most popular car models in Great Britain was collected to identify different types of exterior mirrors. Data analysis was based on the odds ration of cars with different types of driver-side mirrors (plane or convex) being involved in a lane-change accident to the driver side. Because all cars were equipped with the same type of passenger-side mirror (convex), lane-change accidents to the passenger side served as a baseline data to control for exposure. The results can be summarized as follows: (1) Convex driver-side mirrors do not increase the risk of being involved in lane-change accidents to the driver side. (2) Consistent with the findings of Luoma et al. (1995), accident data for the largest cars revealed a tendency, albeit not statistically significant, for a decrease in lane-change accidents to the driver side when equipped with convex driver-side mirrors. (3) Convex driver-side mirrors tended to be beneficial for the highest risk groups--the youngest and the oldest drivers.

Mirror Size and Lane-change Crashes

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 32 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (244 download)

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Book Synopsis Mirror Size and Lane-change Crashes by :

Download or read book Mirror Size and Lane-change Crashes written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

International Journal of Vehicle Design

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 604 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis International Journal of Vehicle Design by :

Download or read book International Journal of Vehicle Design written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 604 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Workshop on Rearview Mirror Human Factors Reserch Needs: Summary of Recommendations

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 38 pages
Book Rating : 4.L/5 (8 download)

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Book Synopsis Workshop on Rearview Mirror Human Factors Reserch Needs: Summary of Recommendations by :

Download or read book Workshop on Rearview Mirror Human Factors Reserch Needs: Summary of Recommendations written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Automotive Engineering

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1108 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (97 download)

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Book Synopsis Automotive Engineering by :

Download or read book Automotive Engineering written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 1108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Effects of Hydrophobic Treatment of the Driver-side Window and Rearview Mirror on Distance Judgement

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 22 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (428 download)

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Book Synopsis The Effects of Hydrophobic Treatment of the Driver-side Window and Rearview Mirror on Distance Judgement by : M. Sivak

Download or read book The Effects of Hydrophobic Treatment of the Driver-side Window and Rearview Mirror on Distance Judgement written by M. Sivak and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study investigated the effects of hydrophobic treatment on distance estimation under conditions of simulated rain and wind when applied to the driver-side window and driver-side exterior rearview mirror. The dependent measure was the estimate of distance to a target vehicle viewed through the driver-side window and rearview mirror. The following independent variables were examined: actual distance, hydrophobic treatment of the driver-side window, hydrophobic treatment of the driver-side exterior rearview mirror, participant age, and participant sex.While the results of this study indicate no significant effect of hydrophobically treating driver-side windows or mirrors, one marginally nonsignificant interaction of interest was observed. Specifically, there was a tendency for older drivers to report shorter (more conservative and presumably safer) distance estimates when viewing vehicles through a driverside window that has received hydrophobic treatment. This tendency, in combination with over-representation of older drivers in lane change/merge crashes, suggests that additional research efforts should be focused on examining the potential for safety benefits from applying hydrophobic treatment to driver-side windows.

Acoustic Absorbers and Diffusers

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 0203893050
Total Pages : 495 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (38 download)

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Book Synopsis Acoustic Absorbers and Diffusers by : Trevor J. Cox

Download or read book Acoustic Absorbers and Diffusers written by Trevor J. Cox and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2009-01-26 with total page 495 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Absorbers and diffusers are two of the main design tools for altering the acoustic conditions of rooms, semi-enclosed spaces and the outdoor environment. Their correct use is important for delivering high quality acoustics. Unique and authoritative, this book decribes how to effectively measure, model, design and apply diffusers and absorbers. It is a resource for new and experienced acousticians, seeking an understanding of the evolution, characteristics and application of modern diffusers. Absorption is a more established technology and so the book blends traditional designs with modern developments. The book covers practical and theoretical aspects of absorbers and diffusers and is well illustrated with examples of installations and case studies. This new edition brings Acoustic Absorbers and Diffusers up-to-date with current research, practice and standards. New developments in measurement, materials, theory and practice since the first edition (published in 2004) are included. The sections on absorbers are extended to include more about noise control.

Neural Network Perception for Mobile Robot Guidance

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461531926
Total Pages : 199 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (615 download)

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Book Synopsis Neural Network Perception for Mobile Robot Guidance by : Dean A. Pomerleau

Download or read book Neural Network Perception for Mobile Robot Guidance written by Dean A. Pomerleau and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dean Pomerleau's trainable road tracker, ALVINN, is arguably the world's most famous neural net application. It currently holds the world's record for distance traveled by an autonomous robot without interruption: 21.2 miles along a highway, in traffic, at speedsofup to 55 miles per hour. Pomerleau's work has received worldwide attention, including articles in Business Week (March 2, 1992), Discover (July, 1992), and German and Japanese science magazines. It has been featured in two PBS series, "The Machine That Changed the World" and "By the Year 2000," and appeared in news segments on CNN, the Canadian news and entertainment program "Live It Up", and the Danish science program "Chaos". What makes ALVINN especially appealing is that it does not merely drive - it learns to drive, by watching a human driver for roughly five minutes. The training inputstothe neural networkare a video imageoftheroad ahead and thecurrentposition of the steering wheel. ALVINN has learned to drive on single lane, multi-lane, and unpaved roads. It rapidly adapts to other sensors: it learned to drive at night using laser reflectance imaging, and by using a laser rangefinder it learned to swerve to avoid obstacles and maintain a fixed distance from a row of parked cars. It has even learned to drive backwards.

Handbook of Camera Monitor Systems

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319296116
Total Pages : 539 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (192 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Camera Monitor Systems by : Anestis Terzis

Download or read book Handbook of Camera Monitor Systems written by Anestis Terzis and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-03-09 with total page 539 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook offers a comprehensive overview of Camera Monitor Systems (CMS), ranging from the ISO 16505-based development aspects to practical realization concepts. It offers readers a wide-ranging discussion of the science and technology of CMS as well as the human-interface factors of such systems. In addition, it serves as a single reference source with contributions from leading international CMS professionals and academic researchers.In combination with the latest version of UN Regulation No. 46, the normative framework of ISO 16505 permits CMS to replace mandatory rearview mirrors in series production vehicles. The handbook includes scientific and technical background information to further readers’ understanding of both of these regulatory and normative texts.It is a key reference in the field of automotive CMS for system designers, members of standardization and regulation committees, engineers, students and researchers.

Vehicle Accident Analysis and Reconstruction Methods

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ISBN 13 : 9781523149513
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (495 download)

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Book Synopsis Vehicle Accident Analysis and Reconstruction Methods by : Matthew Brach

Download or read book Vehicle Accident Analysis and Reconstruction Methods written by Matthew Brach and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this third edition of Vehicle Accident Analysis & Reconstruction Methods, Raymond M. Brach and R. Matthew Brach have expanded and updated their essential work for professionals in the field of accident reconstruction. Most accidents can be reconstructed effectively using of calculations and investigative and experimental data: the authors present the latest scientific, engineering, and mathematical reconstruction methods, providing a firm scientific foundation for practitioners. Accidents that cannot be reconstructed using the methods in this book are rare. In recent decades, the field of crash reconstruction has been transformed through the use of technology. The advent of event data records (EDRs) on vehicles signaled the era of modern crash reconstruction, which utilizes the same physical evidence that was previously available as well as electronic data that are measured/captured before, during, and after the collision. There is increased demand for more professional and accurate reconstruction as more crash data is available from vehicle sensors. The third edition of this essential work includes a new chapter on the use of EDRs as well as examples using EDR data in accident reconstruction. Early chapters feature foundational material that is necessary for the understanding of vehicle collisions and vehicle motion; later chapters present applications of the methods and include example reconstructions. As a result, Vehicle Accident Analysis & Reconstruction Methods remains the definitive resource in accident reconstruction.

Nuclear Fusion

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9781420033786
Total Pages : 352 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (337 download)

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Book Synopsis Nuclear Fusion by : C.M. Braams

Download or read book Nuclear Fusion written by C.M. Braams and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2002-06-20 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fusion research started over half a century ago. Although the task remains unfinished, the end of the road could be in sight if society makes the right decisions. Nuclear Fusion: Half a Century of Magnetic Confinement Fusion Research is a careful, scholarly account of the course of fusion energy research over the past fifty years. The authors outline the different paths followed by fusion research from initial ignorance to present understanding. They explore why a particular scheme would not work and why it was more profitable to concentrate on the mainstream tokamak development. The book features descriptive sections, in-depth explanations of certain physical and technical issues, scientific terms, and an extensive glossary that explains relevant abbreviations and acronyms.