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Effects Of Dietary Fat Concentration And Wet Sorghum Distillers Grains With Solubles On Growth Performance Carcass Characteristics And Feeding Logistics
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Book Synopsis Effects of Dietary Fat Concentration and Wet Sorghum Distiller's Grains with Solubles on Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics, and Feeding Logistics by : Julio Cesar Borges da Silva
Download or read book Effects of Dietary Fat Concentration and Wet Sorghum Distiller's Grains with Solubles on Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics, and Feeding Logistics written by Julio Cesar Borges da Silva and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Influence of Feeding Diets Containing Corn Dried Distillers Grains with Solubles (DDGS) to Grower-finisher Pigs on Growth Performance, Carcass and Pork Quality by : Guowu Xu
Download or read book The Influence of Feeding Diets Containing Corn Dried Distillers Grains with Solubles (DDGS) to Grower-finisher Pigs on Growth Performance, Carcass and Pork Quality written by Guowu Xu and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Effects of Treating Sorghum Wet Distiller's Grains with Solubles with an Enzyme Complex on Nutrient Digestibility and Performance in Finishing Beef Steers by : Casey Lyn Brauer
Download or read book Effects of Treating Sorghum Wet Distiller's Grains with Solubles with an Enzyme Complex on Nutrient Digestibility and Performance in Finishing Beef Steers written by Casey Lyn Brauer and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two experiments were conducted to determine the effects of treating sorghum wet distiller's grains with solubles (SWDGS) with an enzyme complex, or enzyme complex-buffer combination on diet digestibility and feedlot performance. Experimental treatments were as follows; 1) untreated SWDGS (Control), 2) addition of an enzyme complex to SWDGS (Enzyme); and 3) addition of enzyme complex and limestone buffer to SWDGS (E+B). Sorghum WDGS, regardless of treatment, was included at 45% DM (DM basis) of a steam-flaked corn-based finishing diet. The enzyme complex (Biozyme, Inc., St. Joseph, MI) was a proprietary blend containing both exogenous and endogenous hemicellulase, cellulase, and amylase enzymes, and was added at rate of 6 L/dry ton and 6.2 L/dry ton of SWDGS in Experiment 1 and 2; respectively. In the first experiment, six crossbred beef steers (initial BW = 577 ± 6.9 kg) were used to evaluate the effects of treating SWDGS with an enzyme complex or buffered enzyme complex on digestibility of nutrients. No differences (P > 0.28) in DMI, or digestibility of DM, OM, and starch between treatments were detected. Steers fed E+B treatment had higher (P = 0.07) ruminal pH than Control or Enzyme steers. Neutral detergent fiber digestibility tended (P = 0.15) to be greater for E+B fed steers. In a second experiment, 54 beef steers (initial BW = 370 ± 9 kg) were fed in a finishing study evaluating the same dietary treatments as the first experiment. No difference (P > 0.31) in DMI, ADG, or G:F was detected for the entire feeding period when Enzyme fed cattle were compared to Control. In contrast to the first experiment, DMI for the feeding period was lower (P = 0.03) for E+B fed cattle compared to Enzyme. There was no difference (P = 0.39) in ADG during the entire feeding period between Enzyme and E+B fed cattle; however, G:F was greater (P = 0.05) for E+B fed cattle compared to Enzyme. Standard carcass measurements did not differ (P > 0.43) between Enzyme and Control treatments. Most standard carcass measurements did not differ (P > 0.42) between E+B and Enzyme treatment, however, E+B cattle had less rib fat (P = 0.05) and had lower (P = 0.02) yield grades. Furthermore, the E+B fed cattle tended to have (P = 0.06) larger ribeye areas than Enzyme cattle. In conclusion, while treating SWDGS with a buffered enzyme complex containing primarily fibrolytic enzymes effects had positive on NDF digestibility, no corresponding improvements in cattle performance were detected.
Book Synopsis Effects of Ruminally Degradable Nitrogen in Diets Containing Wet Distiller's Grains with Solubles and Steam-flaked Corn on Feedlot Cattle Performance and Carcass Characteristics by : Christian Ponce
Download or read book Effects of Ruminally Degradable Nitrogen in Diets Containing Wet Distiller's Grains with Solubles and Steam-flaked Corn on Feedlot Cattle Performance and Carcass Characteristics written by Christian Ponce and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wet distiller's grains with solubles are the most common feedstuff generated by the ethanol industry, and this feedstuff has been utilized by the feedlot industry. Exploration of the effect of dietary distiller's inclusion on the form and quantity of protein or nitrogen (N) has received little attention. Assessment of degradable N needs in diets containing wet distiller's grains with solubles (WDGS) is needed to aid the cattle feeding industry in managing feed costs and potential environmental issues. In Exp. 1, 525 yearling steers (initial weight = 373 ±13 kg) received treatments in a 2 x 3 1 factorial. Factors included corn WDGS (15 or 30 percent of DM) and non-protein N (NPN; 0, 1.5, or 3.0 percent of DM) from urea. The control diet without corn WDGS contained 3.0 percent NPN (1.06 percent urea) and cottonseed meal. Overall gain efficiency among steers fed 15 percent corn WDGS was greatest for 1.5 percent NPN and least for 0 percent NPN (P = 0.07, quadratic), whereas gain efficiency decreased linearly (P 0.09) as NPN increased in the 30 percent WDGS. Dressing percent was greater (P 0.01) for the control diet than for 15 percent or 30 percent WDGS. In Exp. 2, 296 steer calves (initial BW = 344 ±12 kg) were adapted to a common finishing diet, blocked by BW, and assigned to treatments. Experimental diets included a control diet without WDGS (contained 3 percent NPN from urea, and cottonseed meal) and 15 percent WDGS with either 1.50, 2.25, or 3.00 percent NPN (0.52, 0.78, and 1.04 percent urea, respectively, on a DM basis). Overall gain efficiency on either a live or adjusted basis was not different among treatments (P 0.15). Dietary NPN concentration did not influence growth performance (P 0.21). Results suggest that optimum performance for cattle fed 15 percent WDGS occurred when the diet contained between 1.5 percent and 2.25 percent NPN. However, removing all supplemental NPN was necessary to support optimum performance in diets containing 30 percent WCDG.
Book Synopsis Effects of Sorghum Distiller's Grains on Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Cattle Fed Steam Flaked Corn Based Diets by : Kurt A. Lemon
Download or read book Effects of Sorghum Distiller's Grains on Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Cattle Fed Steam Flaked Corn Based Diets written by Kurt A. Lemon and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Effect of Dietary Distillers Dried Grains with Solubles (DDGS) and Pig Removal Strategy at Harvest on the Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics, and Fat Quality of Growing-finishing Pigs by :
Download or read book Effect of Dietary Distillers Dried Grains with Solubles (DDGS) and Pig Removal Strategy at Harvest on the Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics, and Fat Quality of Growing-finishing Pigs written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Effects of Sorghum Grain and Sorghum Dried Distillers Grains with Solubles on the Composition, Quality and Sensory Attributes of Ground Pork by : Garrett Richard Skaar
Download or read book Effects of Sorghum Grain and Sorghum Dried Distillers Grains with Solubles on the Composition, Quality and Sensory Attributes of Ground Pork written by Garrett Richard Skaar and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A total of 48 carcasses were taken from a larger trial using 288 pigs (PIC TR4 x 1050, initially 58.9 kg) in a 73 d feeding study to determine the effects of sorghum dried distillers grains with solubles (S-DDGS) in sorghum- or corn-based diets on ground pork quality. The dietary treatments included: sorghum-based diets with 0, 15, 30, or 45% S-DDGS, a sorghum-based diet with 30% corn DDGS (C-DDGS) and a corn-based diet with 30% C-DDGS. Shoulders from 24 barrow and 24 gilt carcasses were ground and evaluated for proximate and fatty acid composition, iodine value (IV), objective color, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), and sensory attributes. No finishing diet x gender interaction was detected for composition, fatty acid profile, color or TBARS (P> 0.05). Pork from gilts contained less fat and more moisture (P 0.001), was less saturated with a greater IV and total percentage of PUFA (P
Book Synopsis The Effects of Low-, Medium-, and High-oil Dried Distillers Grains with Solubles (DDGS) on Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, and Fat Quality in Finishing Pigs by : Amanda Brooke Graham
Download or read book The Effects of Low-, Medium-, and High-oil Dried Distillers Grains with Solubles (DDGS) on Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, and Fat Quality in Finishing Pigs written by Amanda Brooke Graham and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Three experiments used 1,756 pigs to evaluate the effects of corn dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) varying in oil content on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and fat quality in growing-finishing pigs. A fourth experiment used 12 pigs and determined the energy concentration and nutrient digestibility of the DDGS sources used in the previous 3 growth studies. Lastly, a fifth experiment used 576 pigs to determine the effects of DDGS and wheat middlings (midds) withdrawal 24 d before harvest in diets without or with ractopamine HCl (RAC) on growth performance, carcass characteristics, fat quality, and organ/intestine weights. Experiment 1 determined that increasing 7.4% oil DDGS decreased (linear, P
Book Synopsis The Effects of Feeding Dry Distiller's Grains with Solubles on Ruminal Metabolism, Growth Performance, and Carcass Traits of Feedlot Cattle by :
Download or read book The Effects of Feeding Dry Distiller's Grains with Solubles on Ruminal Metabolism, Growth Performance, and Carcass Traits of Feedlot Cattle written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Three trials were conducted using dried distiller's grains with solubles (DDGS) to evaluate effects on feedlot performance, carcass characteristics, ruminal fermentation, and diet digestibility in cattle fed steam-flaked corn-based diets. In trial 1, crossbred yearling heifers were used in a finishing trial to evaluate interactions between corn-DDGS feeding levels and roughage source (alfalfa hay vs corn silage) in terms of impact on feedlot performance and carcass characteristics. Experimental diets were based on steam-flaked corn and contained 0% DDGS with 6% alfalfa hay (AH), 0% DDGS with 10% corn silage (CS), 25% DDGS with 6% AH, or 25% DDGS with 10% CS (DM basis). Results indicated no interaction between levels of DDGS and roughage source. Heifers fed DDGS as a partial replacement for steam-flaked corn had similar growth performance and carcass merit compared to heifers fed diets without DDGS. Corn silage and alfalfa hay were comparable roughages when a portion of steam-flaked corn was replaced with DDGS. The second trial was a companion metabolism study in which ruminal fermentation characteristics and diet digestibility were examined in 12 cannulated Holstein steers fed steam-flaked corn finishing diets with or without DDGS, using alfalfa hay or corn silage as roughage sources. Diets were similar to those fed in the performance study and consisted of steam-flaked corn with 0 or 25% DDGS (DM basis) and 6% AH or 10% CS (DM basis). Feeding DDGS decreased ruminal pH and ruminal ammonia concentrations, and digestion of DM and OM were less compared to diets without DDGS. The decrease in digestibility was largely attributable to poorer digestion of CP and, to a lesser extent, a reduction in starch digestion. The third study was designed to investigate effects of pH (5.0, 5.5, and 6.0) on in vitro fermentative activity by ruminal microorganisms from cattle adapted to a finishing diet containing 25% DDGS (DM basis). Higher pH led to greater dry matter disappearance in vitro (P
Book Synopsis Impact of Zymannase on Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics, Fat Quality and Processed Meats in Finishing Barrow Fed 30% Dried Distiller's Grains with Solubles by : Michael Singer
Download or read book Impact of Zymannase on Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics, Fat Quality and Processed Meats in Finishing Barrow Fed 30% Dried Distiller's Grains with Solubles written by Michael Singer and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 73 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As ethanol production continues to increase, so does the use of dried distiller's grains with solubles (DDGS) in swine diets. The effects of high concentrations of DDGS on growing/finishing pigs has caused problems with growth performance, carcass characteristics, fat quality, and processed meats. This is due to the high fiber content and elevated levels of unsaturated fats in of the diet. Since DDGS fiber is a complex carbohydrate pigs cannot digest, the use of carbohydrases to improve growth performance is reasonable. Carbohydrase enzymes may be able to help improve fat quality, however the effect of carbohydrase enzymes on fat quality has not been thoroughly researched and the effect on processed pork products has not been examined. Therefore, the objective of these experiments was to evaluate the effects of two carbohydrase enzymes on growth performance, carcass traits and quality, fat quality, and two types of processed pork products (fresh bratwurst and ring bologna) from pigs fed a diet containing 30% DDGS. Pigs were fed a one of two corn/soybean meal/DDGS diets, the only difference being the enzyme group received a combination of two carboghydrase enzymes at the expense of corn. While the pigws were alive growth performance was documented. After the pigs were humanely slaughtered, carcass traits and quality where documented. There was no effect of enzymes on any growth performance or carcass values recorded except for a slight change in the color of the loin. There was no effect of diet on the fat quality. There was a minimal effect on the ring bologna. The biggest influence of enzyme was on the bratwurst. Enzymes had a negative effect on bratwurst quality over time on some qualities. However, other qualities of the bratwursts were positively affected. These results suggest carbohydrase enzymes in a diet containing 30% DDGS does not significantly affect growth performance or carcass characteristics of growing/finishing barrows. However, they do indicate that more research is needed to better understand the effect of carbohydrase enzymes on fat quality and more importantly, processed pork quality.
Book Synopsis The Effects of Grain Processing Method, Wet and Dry Distiller's Grains with Soluble and Roughage Level on Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Finishing Cattle by :
Download or read book The Effects of Grain Processing Method, Wet and Dry Distiller's Grains with Soluble and Roughage Level on Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Finishing Cattle written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A series of five trials were conducted to evaluate grain processing, distiller's grains inclusion in finishing diets, interactions between distiller's grains and dry-rolled corn (DRC) or steam-flaked corn (SFC), efficacy of removing roughage in the presence of distiller's grains and the digestibility of distiller's grains in steam-flaked and dry-rolled corn diets. The first trial was designed to determine the optimum flake density of SFC in beef finishing diets. Diets consisted of corn flaked to densities of 360, 411, or 462 g/L. Observed improvements in mill production would support increasing flake density; however numerical decreases in animal performance offset economic benefits of increased productivity. The second trial was conducted to evaluate optimum levels of sorghum wet distiller's grains in finishing diets. Crossbred yearling steers were fed diets containing DRC or SFC and levels of distiller's grains were 0, 10, 20, or 30% of diet dry matter. Distiller's grains can effectively replaced a portion of the corn in finishing diets, but their nutritional value was greater in DRC diets than in SFC diets. In trial 3, crossbred heifers were fed diets containing SFC with 0% DDG and 15% corn silage (CS), 25% DDG and 15% CS, or 25% DDG and 5% CS. In trial 4, crossbreed heifers were fed diets similar containing DRC or SFC with 0% DDG and 15% CS, 25% DDG and 15% CS, or 25% DDG and 5% CS. Results indicate that roughage levels can be reduced in feedlot diets containing DDG with no adverse effects on performance or carcass quality. The fifth trial was a metabolism study conducted to evaluate the digestibility of DDG in beef cattle. Treatments consisted of DRC with 0% DDG, DRC with 25% DDG, SFC with 0% DDG, and SFC with 25% DDG. There were no significant grain processing by distiller's grain interactions observed in main effects. In conclusion optimum flake density was 360 g/L, feeding distiller's grains has a greater value in DRC diets vs. SFC diets, roughage level and type are important in formulating finishing diets, roughage can be reduced when feeding distiller's grains, and ruminal ammonia, and pH are decreased and ruminal lactate is increased when feeding DDG and SFC.
Book Synopsis Frontiers in Bioenergy and Biofuels by : Eduardo Jacob-Lopes
Download or read book Frontiers in Bioenergy and Biofuels written by Eduardo Jacob-Lopes and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2017-01-25 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Frontiers in Bioenergy and Biofuels presents an authoritative and comprehensive overview of the possibilities for production and use of bioenergy, biofuels, and coproducts. Issues related to environment, food, and energy present serious challenges to the success and stability of nations. The challenge to provide energy to a rapidly increasing global population has made it imperative to find new technological routes to increase production of energy while also considering the biosphere's ability to regenerate resources. The bioenergy and biofuels are resources that may provide solutions to these critical challenges. Divided into 25 discreet parts, the book covers topics on characterization, production, and uses of bioenergy, biofuels, and coproducts. Frontiers in Bioenergy and Biofuels provides an insight into future developments in each field and extensive bibliography. It will be an essential resource for researchers and academic and industry professionals in the energy field.
Book Synopsis Effects of Drying Distillers Grains Plus Solubles on Feedlot Cattle Performance and Nutrient Digestibility by : Brandon L. Nuttelman
Download or read book Effects of Drying Distillers Grains Plus Solubles on Feedlot Cattle Performance and Nutrient Digestibility written by Brandon L. Nuttelman and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: All dry milling ethanol plants produce wet distillers grains (WDG) and distillers solubles (DS). Depending on the plant, WDG and DS will be combined to produce wet distillers grains plus solubles (WDGS). Some plants will partially dry WDGS and market modified distillers grains plus solubles (MDGS), or other plants will completely dry WDGS to produce dried distillers grains plus solubles (DDGS). These products have been shown to contain greater feeding values than the corn it replaces in finishing diets. However, as drying intensity of distillers grains plus solubles (DGS) increases, the feeding value relative to corn decreases. Three finishing experiments and two metabolism experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect drying WDGS has on finishing cattle performance and carcass characteristics and the effects on nutrient digestibility. Diets containing DGS had greater ADG and were more efficient than the corn-based control. As a result, cattle fed DGS had heavier HCW and greater 12th rib fat thickness at harvest. Using the G:F values, all types of DGS regardless of moisture content had greater feeding values than the corn it replaced. Additionally, WDGS had greater feeding values than MDGS and DDGS, and MDGS had a greater feeding value than DDGS. Although not significant, diets containing WDGS had numerically greater NDF digestibility than diets containing DDGS. Organic matter digestibility was improved for WDGS compared to DDGS. Completely and partially drying WDGS reduces the feeding value in finishing diets and reduces OM digestibility.
Book Synopsis The Effects of Dietary Soybean Hulls, Wheat, Crystalline Amino Acids and High Protein Corn Dried Distiller's Grains on Nursery And/or Finishing Pig Growth and Carcass Characteristics by : Devin Lynn Goehring
Download or read book The Effects of Dietary Soybean Hulls, Wheat, Crystalline Amino Acids and High Protein Corn Dried Distiller's Grains on Nursery And/or Finishing Pig Growth and Carcass Characteristics written by Devin Lynn Goehring and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Six experiments using 3,659 nursery and finishing pigs were conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary soybean hulls and ingredient processing in corn-soybean meal or corn-soybean meal-DDGS diets on nursery and finishing performance. Experiment 1 tested increasing soybean hulls (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20%) and increasing soybean hulls decreased ADG and G:F. Experiment 2 evaluated increasing soybean hulls (0, 10, and 20%) in diets balanced or not for NE and showed reduced performance with increasing soybean hulls. Balancing for NE resulted in G:F similar to pigs fed the control. Experiments 3 and 4 evaluated increasing dietary soybean hulls in corn-soybean meal and corn-soybean meal-DDGS diets. Soybean hulls in either diet worsened G:F and improved caloric efficiency, suggesting current INRA (2004) values for soybean hulls underestimate their energy value. Experiment 5 evaluated 10 and 20% ground or unground soybean hulls in meal and pelleted diets. Caloric efficiency improved with high levels of soybean hulls. Pelleting improved ADG and eliminated negative effects on G:F with increasing soybean hulls, while grinding soybean hulls reduced performance. Experiment 6 tested increasing ground and unground soybean hulls (0, 7.5, and 15%). Increasing soybean hulls worsened G:F, carcass yield, and hot carcass weight. Grinding soybean hulls to finer particle sizes did not improve ADG and worsened G:F. Experiments 7 and 8 evaluated the replacement of corn with wheat and crystalline amino acids in nursery and finishing pig diets. Replacing 50% of corn with wheat did not affect growth performance in either nursery or finishing; however 100% replacement of corn with wheat reduced performance. In addition, feeding wheat improved carcass fat IV, while use of high levels of crystalline amino acids in wheat-based diets did not influence performance in either study. Experiment 9 evaluated the replacement of soybean meal with high-protein dried distiller's grains with solubles and crystalline amino acids. High-protein DDGS and crystalline AA can replace 50% of the SBM in finishing diets without negatively affecting performance or carcass yield. Replacing 100% of SBM with high-protein DDGS reduced growth rate, but increasing crystalline AA levels can help mitigate negative effects on carcass yield and fat IV.
Download or read book Distillers Grains written by KeShun Liu and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, there has been a dramatic increase in grain-based fuel ethanol production in North America and around the world. Whether such production will result in a net energy gain or whether this is sustainable in the long term is under debate, but undoubtedly millions of tons of non-fermented residues are now produced annually for global tr
Book Synopsis The Effects of Crude Glycerol, Dried Distillers Grains with Solubles, Ractopamine HCl, NutriDense Corn, and Feeder Adjustment on Growing and Finishing Pig Performance by : Alan William Duttlinger
Download or read book The Effects of Crude Glycerol, Dried Distillers Grains with Solubles, Ractopamine HCl, NutriDense Corn, and Feeder Adjustment on Growing and Finishing Pig Performance written by Alan William Duttlinger and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A total of 6,858 pigs were used in 6 experiments to evaluate the effects of crude glycerol, dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS), Ractopamine HCl (RAC), NutriDense corn, and feeder adjustment on growing and finishing pig performance. In Exp. 1, pigs were fed diets with 0, 2.5, or 5% crude glycerol with 0 or 20% DDGS. Adding DDGS increased ADFI and decreased G:F with no differences for pigs fed glycerol. Neither glycerol nor DDGS affected any carcass characteristics. Pigs fed DDGS had increased iodine value in carcass fat. In Exp. 2, pigs were fed diets with 0 or 5% glycerol with 0 or 7.5 ppm RAC. Feeding RAC increased ADG and G:F and decreased ADFI while glycerol tended to improve G:F. Ractopamine HCl improved carcass traits. Loin chop drip loss worsened when glycerol and RAC were added separately, however, drip loss decreased when the combination of both were fed. Glycerol did not affect loin characteristics. Neither RAC nor glycerol influenced iodine value of carcass fat. Exp. 3 and 4 were conducted to determine the 4th limiting amino acid in diets containing NutriDense corn. In Exp. 3, pigs fed the positive control and the diet with added Ile, Trp, and Val (in combination) had greater ADG. Pigs fed added Ile or Trp had greater ADG than pigs fed the negative control indicates these amino acids were co-4th limiting for 37 to 59 kg pigs. In Exp. 4, pigs fed the positive control, added Trp, or the combination of added Ile, Trp and Val had greater ADG then pigs fed the negative control or pigs fed either Ile or Val indicates these amino acids were co-4th limiting for 77 to 100 kg pigs. Exp. 5 and 6 evaluated feeder adjustment on growth performance of finishing pigs. In Exp. 5, reducing feeder opening decreased ADFI. In Exp. 6, pigs were fed at three feeder opening and either a corn-soybean meal or byproduct-based diet. Diet type did not affect pig performance. Widening feeder openings increased ADG and ADFI. Feeder setting tended to influence G:F with the best G:F at the intermediate opening.
Book Synopsis Evaluation of the Effects of Branched Chain Amino Acids and Corn-distillers Dried Grains By-products on the Growth Performance, Carcass and Meat Quality Characteristics of Pigs by : Alvaro Rojo Gomez
Download or read book Evaluation of the Effects of Branched Chain Amino Acids and Corn-distillers Dried Grains By-products on the Growth Performance, Carcass and Meat Quality Characteristics of Pigs written by Alvaro Rojo Gomez and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studies were conducted to evaluate the effects of corn byproducts high-protein died distillers grain (HP-DDG), and dried distillers grain with solubles (DDGS), and branched chain amino acids (BCAA) on the growth performance and meat quality of pigs. The first study evaluated the combined effect of dietary level of DDGS and HP-DDG on the growth performance of wean-finish pigs and carcass and pork quality characteristics. This study demonstrated that DDGS can be included at up to 30% in diets (without HP-DDG) without compromising growth performance of wean-to-finish pigs. However, growth performance was increasingly compromised at higher inclusion levels of both co-products and belly firmness was negatively affected by increasing levels of both DDGS and HP-DDG. A second experiment was designed to define the minimum CP level and whether non-essential amino acids become limiting in low crude protein diets for late finishing pigs. The results of this study demonstrated that late finishing pigs can be fed diets with 9.76% crude protein level supplemented with 0.32 % L-Lys HCL and other essential amino acids without affecting growth rate and that non-essential amino acids were not limiting in the low crude protein diets evaluated. A third study was designed to recreate the negative effects on growth performance of feeding diets with 30% HP-DDG inclusion level and to test if the negative effect of feeding high HP-DDG levels on growth performance can be reproduced by adding excess branched chain amino acids (leucine, isoleucine, and valine) to standard corn-soybean meal based diet. The results show that the reduction in the growth rates of growing pigs fed diets with 30% HP-DDG inclusion levels may be due to the dietary excesses of leucine present in diets with HP-DDG at 30% inclusion levels. The same effect was not present in finishing pigs. In general, growth performance and belly quality are compromised at higher inclusion levels of both HP-DDG and DDGS. The results of the last studies indicate that leucine level may play an important role on the reduction of the growth performance of pigs fed 30% HP-DDG inclusion levels.
