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Effects Of Air Void Parameters And Water Cementitious Ratio On The Durability Performance Of Portland Cement Concrete
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Book Synopsis Effects of Air Void Parameters and Water/cementitious Ratio on the Durability Performance of Portland Cement Concrete by : Richard A. Walls
Download or read book Effects of Air Void Parameters and Water/cementitious Ratio on the Durability Performance of Portland Cement Concrete written by Richard A. Walls and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Field Study of Air Content Stability in the Slipform Paving Process by :
Download or read book Field Study of Air Content Stability in the Slipform Paving Process written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study evaluated the impacts of construction on the air content and air-void system structure of Portland cement concrete pavements. The primary intent was to quantify the air content of fresh concrete before and after it has gone through the slipform paver. The air-void system parameters of hardened concrete were then assessed using cast and extracted core specimens. The results of the air content testing on fresh concrete and the concrete cylinder specimens cast in the field suggested that there is some loss of air as the concrete passes through the paver. Laboratory testing performed on cores extracted from the pavement did not provide any conclusive evidence that entrained air is lost during the slipform paving process. In fact, many of the extracted cores had measured air content values that were much higher than the specification requirement. If excessive, this could result in increased permeability and low-strength related issues. Although a rigorous statistical analysis was not performed, the results suggest that the air content testing on fresh concrete is not capturing the true air content of the concrete placed with a slipform paver. The fresh concrete air content is generally lower than the air content measured in the cores.
Book Synopsis Concrete Bridge Deck Performance by : H. G. Russell
Download or read book Concrete Bridge Deck Performance written by H. G. Russell and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2004 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At head of title: National Cooperative Highway Research Program.
Book Synopsis A Study of Concrete Freeze-thaw Durability and Air Void Parameters by : Frederick Williamson
Download or read book A Study of Concrete Freeze-thaw Durability and Air Void Parameters written by Frederick Williamson and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As a result of the knowledge that concrete freeze-thaw durability depends on the number, size, and spacing of air voids throughout the mass, rather than on the total volume of entrained air voids, study of the air void system of hardened concrete has become concentrated on the determination of significant air void parameters. This thesis presents the results of an investigation to determine relationships between freeze-thaw durability and air void parameters of hardened concrete. Specifically, the objective of this study was to establish the pattern of the relationships between concrete durability and both the void spacing factor and the specific surface of the voids. Eighteen concrete mixes, representing six air contents up to approximately nine per cent by volume, and three common cement contents, were prepared and tested during this program. Air void parameters of the hardened concrete, as determined by the lineal traverse method of microscopic examination (A.S.T.M. C 457 - 60T), were measured and related to freeze-thaw durability data obtained from tests performed in accordance with A.S.T.M. procedure C 290 - 57T. Compressive strength data were also obtained for all concrete mixes prepared. Compressive strength test results verified the well-known relationships involving strength, age, cement content, air content, and water-cement ratio. The most significant test results available from this investigation are those relating concrete freeze-thaw durability and air void parameters. It was found that air entrainment up to approximately six per cent air by volume improved the concrete freeze-thaw durability, by decreasing the air void size and spacing, and increasing the specific surface of the voids. At air contents greater than approximately six per cent, further air entrainment did not significantly improve the freeze-thaw durability. Freeze-thaw durability was found to be practically independent of both cement content and water-cement ratio, for air contents above approximately two per cent. Protection of concrete from freeze-thaw deterioration is thus more effectively realized by air entrainment, than by variations in cement content and/or water-cement ratio. Observed data showed that relationships between concrete durability and both specific surface and spacing factor are non-linear. A rapid increase in durability with decreasing void spacing indicates a critical void spacing factor of approximately 0.005 inch, for conditions of these tests.
Book Synopsis Modern Concrete Materials by : Ravindra K. Dhir
Download or read book Modern Concrete Materials written by Ravindra K. Dhir and published by Thomas Telford. This book was released on 1999 with total page 720 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Concrete will be the key material for Mankind to create the built environment of the next millennium. The requirements of this infrastructure will be bothde manding, in terms of technical performance and economy, and yet be greatly varied, from architectural masterpieces to the simplest of utilities.Modern concrete materials: Binders, Additions and Admixtures forms the proceedings of the three day International Conference held during the Congress, Creating with Concrete, 6-10 September 1999, organised by the Concrete Technology Unit, University of Dundee.
Book Synopsis Performance and durability of cementitious materials by : Harald Justnes
Download or read book Performance and durability of cementitious materials written by Harald Justnes and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 646 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Concrete Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Use of Fly Ash in Concrete written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Parametric Study of the Effects of Water to Cementitious Materials Ratio and Cementitious Materials Content on the Durability Properties of High Performance Concrete by :
Download or read book Parametric Study of the Effects of Water to Cementitious Materials Ratio and Cementitious Materials Content on the Durability Properties of High Performance Concrete written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study takes a detailed look at the factors that affect the durability of concrete and how they can be applied to the development of a useful performance specification and help to extend the life of bridge decks and other concrete structures exposed to the elements of nature. A series of fifteen mixes (with varying cement contents and water/cement ratios) were performed in order to determine exactly which of these factors have a significant effect on the durability of a concrete mix. Controlling the water/cement ratio is necessary in order to control strength and permeability. Cement content was found to have little bearing on strength while the amount of cement affected the shrinkage significantly. Shrinkage is also dramatically affected by the amount of water in the mix. The results of the mixes were then used to develop a new specification for a bridge deck mix that will potentially improve the lifespan of bridge decks. Prescriptive versus performance specifications were also explored with the benefits and deficiencies of each form of specification looked at in detail.
Book Synopsis Investigation Into Freezing-thawing Durability of Low Permeability Concrete with and Without Air Entraining Agent by : Kejin Wang
Download or read book Investigation Into Freezing-thawing Durability of Low Permeability Concrete with and Without Air Entraining Agent written by Kejin Wang and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of low-permeability concrete, made with reduced water-to-binder ratios (w/b) and/or supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs), on the need for air entrainment to achieve freezing-thawing (F-T) durability. In the present study, concrete mixes were made with different types of cement (Type I and IP), with or without fly ash replacement (15%), with different water-to-binder ratios (w/b=0.25, 0.35, 0.45 and 0.55), and with or without air entraining agent (AEA). All concrete mixtures were controlled to have a similar slump by using different dosages of superplasticizer. The rapid chloride permeability and F-T durability of the concrete samples were determined according to ASTM C1202 and ASTM C666A, respectively. The air void structure of the concrete was studied using the Air Void Analyzer, Rapid Air, and porosity tests (ASTM C642). In addition, the general concrete properties, such as slump, air content, unit weight, and 28-day compressive strength, were evaluated. The results indicate that all concrete mixes with proper air entrainment (ASTM C23 air content greater than or equal to 6%) showed good F-T resistance (durability factor greater than or equal to 86%). All concrete mixes without AEA showed poor F-T resistance (durability factor less than 40%), except for one mix that had very low permeability and high strength. This was the concrete made with Type IP cement and with a w/b of 0.25, which had a permeability of 520 coulombs and a compressive strength of 12,760 psi (88 MPa). There were clear relationships between the F-T durability and hardened concrete properties of non-air entrained concrete. However, such relationships did not exist in concrete with AEA. For concrete with AEA, good F-T durability was associated with an air void spacing factor less than or equal to 0.28 mm (by AVA) or less than or equal to 0.22 mm (by RapidAir).
Book Synopsis Lea's Chemistry of Cement and Concrete by : Peter Hewlett
Download or read book Lea's Chemistry of Cement and Concrete written by Peter Hewlett and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2019-02-15 with total page 896 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lea's Chemistry of Cement and Concrete, Fifth Edition, examines the suitability and durability of different types of cements and concretes, their manufacturing techniques and the role that aggregates and additives play in achieving concrete's full potential of delivering a high-quality, long-lasting, competitive and sustainable product. Provides a 60% revision over the fourth edition last published in 2004 Includes updated chapters that represent the latest technological advances in the industry, including, but not exclusive to the production of low-energy cements, cement admixtures and concrete aggregates Presents expanded coverage of the suitability and durability of materials aggregates and additives
Book Synopsis Damage to Concrete Structures by : Geert De Schutter
Download or read book Damage to Concrete Structures written by Geert De Schutter and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-06-29 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Serious degradation mechanisms can severely reduce the service life of concrete structures: steel reinforcement can corrode, cement matrix can be attacked, and even aggregates can show detrimental processes. Therefore, it is important to understand how damage can occur to concrete structures and to appreciate the timing of the actions leading to damage. Damage to Concrete Structures summarizes the state-of-the-art information on the degradation of concrete structures, and gives a clear and comprehensive overview of what can go wrong. Offering a logical flow, the chapters are ordered according to the chronological timing of the actions leading to concrete damage. The author explains the different actions or mechanisms in a fundamental manner, without too many physical or chemical details, to provide greater clarity and readability. The book describes the different causes of damage to concrete, including inappropriate design, errors during execution, mechanisms occurring during hardening of concrete, and actions or degradation mechanisms during service life (hardened concrete). The degradation mechanisms are illustrated with numerous real-world examples and many drawings and photographs taken of actual structures. Written as a textbook for students as well as a reference for professionals, this easy-to-comprehend book gives readers a deeper understanding of the damage that can occur to concrete during the construction process and service.
Book Synopsis Developments in the Formulation and Reinforcement of Concrete by : Sidney Mindess
Download or read book Developments in the Formulation and Reinforcement of Concrete written by Sidney Mindess and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2019-06-26 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Developments in the Formulation and Reinforcement of Concrete, Second Edition, presents the latest developments on topics covered in the first edition. In addition, it includes new chapters on supplementary cementitious materials, mass concrete, the sustainably of concrete, service life prediction, limestone cements, the corrosion of steel in concrete, alkali-aggregate reactions, and concrete as a multiscale material. The book's chapters introduce the reader to some of the most important issues facing today's concrete industry. With its distinguished editor and international team of contributors, users will find this to be a must-have reference for civil and structural engineers. Summarizes a wealth of recent research on structural concrete, including material microstructure, concrete types, and variation and construction techniques Emphasizes concrete mixture design and applications in civil and structural engineering Reviews modern concrete materials and novel construction systems, such as the precast industry and structures requiring high-performance concrete
Book Synopsis Effects of Strength, Permeability, and Air Void Parameters on Freezing-Thawing Resistance of Concrete with and Without Air Entrainment by : Gilson Lomboy
Download or read book Effects of Strength, Permeability, and Air Void Parameters on Freezing-Thawing Resistance of Concrete with and Without Air Entrainment written by Gilson Lomboy and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present research is aimed at investigating effects of concrete properties, particularly concrete rapid chloride permeability, strength, and air void parameters, on freezing-thawing (FT) resistance. In this study, concrete mixtures are made with different types of cement (Types I with 15 % class C fly ash and Type IP cements), different water-to-binder ratios (w/b=0.25, 0.35, 0.45, and 0.55), and with or without air entraining agent. The 28-day compressive strength, rapid chloride permeability, and FT durability of the concrete are determined according to ASTM C873, C1202, and C666A, respectively. The air void parameters of the concrete are measured with air void analyzer, Rapid Air, and porosity (ASTM C642) tests. The results indicate that although concrete made with a low w/b (≤0.35) has low rapid chloride permeability (≤1320 C), it generally still requires proper air entrainment for a desirable FT resistance (with a durability factor of ≥85 %), except for the concrete having very low rapid chloride permeability (520 C) and very high 28-day compressive strength (88 MPa or 12 760 psi). For the non-air-entrained concrete studied, there are clear relationships between FT durability and porosity, w/b, and permeability. However, such relationships do not exist for air-entrained concrete. The FT resistance of air-entrained concrete is largely dependent on the concrete air void characteristics.
Book Synopsis Journal of the American Concrete Institute by : American Concrete Institute
Download or read book Journal of the American Concrete Institute written by American Concrete Institute and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 1126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Design and Control of Concrete Mixtures by : Steven H. Kosmatka
Download or read book Design and Control of Concrete Mixtures written by Steven H. Kosmatka and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Portland Cement Association reference, dealing with fundamentals, cold weather concreting, curing, admixtures, aggregates, mixing, and much more.
Book Synopsis Freeze-thaw Resistance of Concrete with Marginal Air Content by : Jussara Tanesi
Download or read book Freeze-thaw Resistance of Concrete with Marginal Air Content written by Jussara Tanesi and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Freeze-thaw resistance is a key durability factor for concrete pavements. Recommendations for the air void system parameters are normally: 6 ± 1 percent total air, and spacing factor less than 0.20 millimeters. However, it was observed that some concretes that did not possess these commonly accepted thresholds presented good freeze-thaw resistance in laboratory studies. This study evaluated the freeze-thaw resistance of several "marginal" air void mixes, with two different types of air-entraining admixtures (AEA)-a Vinsol resin and a synthetic admixture. This study used rapid cycles of freezing and thawing in plain water, in the absence of deicing salts. For the specific materials and concrete mixture proportions used in this project, the marginal air mixes (concretes with fresh air contents of 3.5 percent or higher) presented an adequate freeze-thaw performance when Vinsol resin based air-entraining admixture was used. The synthetic admixture used in this study did not show the same good performance as the Vinsol resin admixture
