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Author : Jon Charlton Boren
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 216 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (346 download)
Download or read book Effects of Agriculture Intensification on Landscapes and Avian Community Structure written by Jon Charlton Boren and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Jonathan M. Chase
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226101800
Total Pages : 223 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (261 download)
Download or read book Ecological Niches written by Jonathan M. Chase and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2003-07 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why do species live where they live? What determines the abundance and diversity of species in a given area? What role do species play in the functioning of entire ecosystems? All of these questions share a single core concept—the ecological niche. Although the niche concept has fallen into disfavor among ecologists in recent years, Jonathan M. Chase and Mathew A. Leibold argue that the niche is an ideal tool with which to unify disparate research and theoretical approaches in contemporary ecology. Chase and Leibold define the niche as including both what an organism needs from its environment and how that organism's activities shape its environment. Drawing on the theory of consumer-resource interactions, as well as its graphical analysis, they develop a framework for understanding niches that is flexible enough to include a variety of small- and large-scale processes, from resource competition, predation, and stress to community structure, biodiversity, and ecosystem function. Chase and Leibold's synthetic approach will interest ecologists from a wide range of subdisciplines.
Author : Jules N. Pretty
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136529276
Total Pages : 292 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (365 download)
Download or read book Sustainable Intensification written by Jules N. Pretty and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-06-25 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Continued population growth, rapidly changing consumption patterns and the impacts of climate change and environmental degradation are driving limited resources of food, energy, water and materials towards critical thresholds worldwide. These pressures are likely to be substantial across Africa, where countries will have to find innovative ways to boost crop and livestock production to avoid becoming more reliant on imports and food aid. Sustainable agricultural intensification - producing more output from the same area of land while reducing the negative environmental impacts - represents a solution for millions of African farmers. This volume presents the lessons learned from 40 sustainable agricultural intensification programmes in 20 countries across Africa, commissioned as part of the UK Government's Foresight project. Through detailed case studies, the authors of each chapter examine how to develop productive and sustainable agricultural systems and how to scale up these systems to reach many more millions of people in the future. Themes covered include crop improvements, agroforestry and soil conservation, conservation agriculture, integrated pest management, horticulture, livestock and fodder crops, aquaculture, and novel policies and partnerships.
Author : John A. Wiens
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521426350
Total Pages : 340 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (263 download)
Download or read book The Ecology of Bird Communities written by John A. Wiens and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1989 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A major study of avian community ecology.
Author : Irina Brake
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9004261036
Total Pages : 412 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (42 download)
Download or read book Drosophilidae (Diptera) written by Irina Brake and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2013-01-21 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Concerns about global biodiversity are rising dramatically, yet we are lagging behind in the most basic prerequisite for its understanding and conservation: the inventory. Insect species may make up five or ten times the number of all other plant and animal species combined, and as such they represent one of the major challenges in biosystematic science. World Catalogue of Insects is an initiative aiming at compiling worldscale, authoritative catalogues of monophyletic insect taxa. Volumes in this series contain standard nomenclatoral information on all names pertaining to the taxon treated, including type locality and distribution to the extent this is relevant. Additional information is optional, e.g., location, status and condition of types; biology; bibliographical information; pest status; vector status; etc. This volume nine focuses on Drosophilidae (Diptera). (Series: World Catalogue of Insects)
Author : Gbolagade Akeem Lameed
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 9535107186
Total Pages : 522 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (351 download)
Download or read book Biodiversity Enrichment in a Diverse World written by Gbolagade Akeem Lameed and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2012-08-29 with total page 522 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book - Biodiversity Enrichment in a Diverse World - considered biodiversity (plants, animals, fungi, and microbes) from three different angles: genetics, species, and ecosystems. The relationships between them are complex and it looks at these aspects from different angles and also various interventions at different levels. The scientific approach of the book demonstrates that the three levels are closely inter-connected and action is therefore needed to conserve and protect the systems if the benefits provided to human life will continue to be available. However, conservation of the biological diversity is essentially an umbrella term for traditional species, relationship to human health, ecosystem conservation and the need to manage the human use of the species and ecosystems in a sustainable way.
Author : Rosa A. Scherson
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319931458
Total Pages : 223 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (199 download)
Download or read book Phylogenetic Diversity written by Rosa A. Scherson and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-08-31 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “Biodiversity” refers to the variety of life. It is now agreed that there is a “biodiversity crisis”, corresponding to extinction rates of species that may be 1000 times what is thought to be “normal”. Biodiversity science has a higher profile than ever, with the new Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services involving more than 120 countries and 1000s of scientists. At the same time, the discipline is re-evaluating its foundations – including its philosophy and even core definitions. The value of biodiversity is being debated. In this context, the tree of life (“phylogeny”) is emerging as an important way to look at biodiversity, with relevance cutting across current areas of concern – from the question of resilience within ecosystems, to conservation priorities for globally threatened species – while capturing the values of biodiversity that have been hard to quantify, including resilience and maintaining options for future generations. This increased appreciation of the importance of conserving “phylogenetic diversity”, from microbial communities in the human gut to global threatened species, has inevitably resulted in an explosion of new indices, methods, and case studies. This book recognizes and responds to the timely opportunity for synthesis and sharing experiences in practical applications. The book recognizes that the challenge of finding a synthesis, and building shared concepts and a shared toolbox, requires both an appreciation of the past and a look into the future. Thus, the book is organized as a flow from history, concepts and philosophy, through to methods and tools, and followed by selected case studies. A positive vision and plan of action emerges from these chapters, that includes coping with inevitable uncertainties, effectively communicating the importance of this “evolutionary heritage” to the public and to policy-makers, and ultimately contributing to biodiversity conservation policy from local to global scales.
Author :
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128110953
Total Pages : 690 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)
Download or read book Large-Scale Ecology: Model Systems to Global Perspectives written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-10-05 with total page 690 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Ecological Research is one of the most successful series in the highly competitive field of ecology. This thematic volume focuses on large scale ecology, publishing important reviews that contribute to our understanding of the field. - Presents the most updated information on the field of large scale ecology, publishing topical and important reviews - Provides all information that relates to a thorough understanding of the field - Includes data on physiology, populations, and communities of plants and animals
Author : Robert J. Fuller
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 0521897564
Total Pages : 555 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (218 download)
Download or read book Birds and Habitat written by Robert J. Fuller and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-11-08 with total page 555 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Synthesises important concepts, patterns and issues relating to avian habitat selection, drawing on examples from Europe, North America and Australia.
Author : Gilles Lemaire
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128110511
Total Pages : 478 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)
Download or read book Agroecosystem Diversity written by Gilles Lemaire and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-10-08 with total page 478 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Agro-Ecosystem Diversity: Impact on Food Security and Environmental Quality presents cutting-edge exploration of developing novel farming systems and introduces landscape ecology to agronomy. It encompasses the broad range of links between agricultural development and ecological impact and how to limit the potential negative results. Presented in seven sections, each focusing on a specific challenge to sustaining diversity, the book provides insights toward the argument that by re-introducing diversity, it should be possible to maintain a high level of productivity of agro-ecosystems while also maintaining and/or restoring a satisfactory level of environment quality and biodiversity. Demonstrates that diversified agro-ecosystems can be intensified with environmental quality preserved, restored and enhanced Includes analysis of economic constraints leading to specialization of farms and regions and the social locking forces resisting to diversification of agro-ecosystems Presents a global vision of world agriculture and the tradeoff between a necessary increase in food production and restoring environment quality
Author : Andrés Sebastián Muñoz-Sáez
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 114 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (16 download)
Download or read book Vineyard Landscapes Impact Bird Community and Interactions in Mediterranean-climate Agroecosystems written by Andrés Sebastián Muñoz-Sáez and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Agriculture is a primary driver of global change and biodiversity loss. Several approaches have been proposed to enhance biodiversity conservation in agriculture in order to protect ecosystems while maintaining agricultural production, a critical strategy to stave off a sixth mass extinction. Globally, I reviewed 205 studies to evaluate different conservation strategies within agroecosystems that may impact bird conservation. The results reveal that agroecological practices such as increasing structural heterogeneity in agricultural fields, eliminating reliance on agrochemical inputs, and providing supplementary habitat within farms can enhance bird wildlife within agroecosystems. Interestingly, there is a paucity of studies quantifying the influence of vineyards on bird communities in Mediterranean-climate ecosystems. Human settlement preference for mediterranean type ecosystems globally has resulted in constant agricultural pressure on these areas. These ecosystems have high rates of endemic biota and include some of the 35 global conservation priority sites. This dissertation addresses the influence of the vineyards on wildlands and vice versa in two new world mediterranean-climate regions, Chile and California. I evaluated the impact of vineyards on bird communities using two natural experiments across gradients of increasing vineyard proportion in the landscape. The first study, conducted in oak woodland fragments surrounded by a vineyard matrix in California, revealed that a subset of birds were significantly associated with increasing vineyard proportion. These birds, designated as agricultural adapters, negatively interacted with the rest of the bird community, revealing a secondary mechanism of the influence of agricultural land use change, in addition to the well-characterized primary mechanism involving loss of habitat. Secondly, in Chile, I assessed the influence of surrounding native Matorral vegetation and habitat fragments within vineyards on birds. Findings showed that proportion of fragments within the vineyard and the proportion of native vegetation surrounding vineyards increase abundance of endemics, insectivores, granivores, and omnivores, indicating that the proportion of fragments can be managed to enhance conservation efforts within vineyard landscapes. Lastly, I compared the influence of vineyards on bird communities in Chile and California. Results from this comparative study reveal that vineyards significantly influence bird communities in both study regions, increasing the abundance of agriculturally adapted species. Co-occurrence analysis showed that these agricultural adapter species are often found together and, importantly, negatively interact with other species in surrounding natural areas. These results provide new insight for conservation efforts in agroecosystems as well as information to guide conservation strategies in mediterranean-climate agroecosystems. Specifically, the results suggest that conservation efforts should emphasize the importance of large patches of native vegetation and maintaining fragments of native vegetation within vineyards. These results can help conservation practitioners and farmers promote biodiversity conservation in agricultural landscapes. La agricultura es uno de los impulsores del cambio global y pérdida de biodiversidad. Varias aproximaciones han sido propuestas para incrementar la conservación de la biodiversidad en agricultura, en orden de proteger ecosistemas y mantener la producción agrícola, las cuales son estrategias claves para prevenir la sexta extinción masiva. Mundialmente, revisé 205 estudios para evaluar diferentes estrategias de conservación en agroecosistemas que pueden impactar la conservación de aves. Los resultados revelaron que las prácticas agroecológicas tales como incremento de la heterogeneidad estructural en los campos agrícolas, eliminación de la dependencia en aplicaciones agroquímicas, y provisión de hábitat suplementario dentro de los campos puede incrementar aves en agroecosistemas. Interesantemente, existe una escasez de estudios que cuantifiquen la influencia de las viñas en comunidades de aves en ecosistemas de clima mediterráneo. La preferencia de los asentamientos humanos por ecosistemas de tipo mediterráneo a nivel mundial a resultado en una presión constante sobre estas áreas. Estos ecosistemas presentan una alta tasa de biota endémica y corresponden a uno de los los 35 sitios prioritarios para la conservación global. Esta tesis doctoral aborda la influencia de viñedos en áreas naturales (y viceversa) en dos regiones de clima mediterráneo del Nuevo Mundo, Chile y California. Evalué el impacto de los viñedos en las comunidades de aves utilizando dos experimentos naturales en un gradiente de proporción de viñedos en el paisaje. El primer estudio fue llevado a cabo en fragmentos de bosque de robles rodeados por una matriz de viñedos en California, revelando que un subconjunto de aves fue significativamente asociado a un incremento en la proporción de viñedos. Estas aves, designadas como adaptadas a la agricultura, interactuaron negativamente con el resto de la comunidad de aves, revelando un mecanismo secundario de la influencia del cambio de uso de suelo por la agricultura, en adición a mecanismos primario más estudiados que se relacionan a la pérdida de hábitat. En segundo lugar, evalué en viñedos chilenos la influencia de la circundante vegetación de Matorral y los fragmentos de hábitat en aves. Los resultados mostraron que la proporción de los fragmentos en los viñedos y que la proporción de vegetación nativa circundante a la viña incrementa la abundancia de aves endémicas, insectívoras, granívoras y omnívoras, indicando que la proporción de fragmentos puede ser gestionar e incrementar esfuerzos de conservación dentro de paisajes de viñedos. Finalmente, comparé la influencia de los viñedos en las comunidades de aves en Chile y California. Los resultados de este estudio revelaron que los viñedos influyeron significativamente a las comunidades de aves en ambas regiones, incrementando la abundancia de aves adaptadas a la agricultura. los análisis de co-occurrencia mostraron que estas aves adaptadas a la agricultura son a menudo encontradas juntas y, relevantemente, interactuaron negativamente con otras especies en la vegetación nativa circundante. Estos resultados proveen nuevo conocimiento para los esfuerzos de conservación en agroecosistemas, tanto como información para guiar estrategias de conservación en agroecosistemas de clima mediterráneo. Específicamente, los resultados sugieren que los esfuerzos de conservación deben ser focalizados en la importancia de fragmentos grandes de vegetación nativa y mantener fragmentos de vegetación nativa en los viñedos. Estos resultados pueden ayudar los profesionales del área de conservación y a agricultores a promover estrategias de conservación en los paisajes agrícolas.
Author : Moshe Coll
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119255597
Total Pages : 562 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (192 download)
Download or read book Environmental Pest Management written by Moshe Coll and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-07-27 with total page 562 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A wide-ranging, interdisciplinary exploration of key topics that interrelate pest management, public health and the environment This book takes a unique, multidimensional approach to addressing the complex issues surrounding pest management activities and their impacts on the environment and human health, and environmental effects on plant protection practices. It features contributions by a distinguished group of authors from ten countries, representing an array of disciplines. They include plant protection scientists and officers, economists, agronomists, ecologists, environmental and public health scientists and government policymakers. Over the course of eighteen chapters, those experts share their insights into and analyses of an array of issues of vital concern to everyone with a professional interest in this important subject. The adverse effects of pest control have become a subject of great concern worldwide, and researchers and enlightened policymakers have at last begun to appreciate the impact of environmental factors on our ability to manage pest populations. Moreover, while issues such as pesticide toxicity have dominated the global conversation about pest management, economic and societal considerations have been largely neglected. Environmental Pest Management: Challenges for Agronomists, Ecologists, Economists and Policymakers is the first work to provide in-depth coverage of all of these pressing issues between the covers of one book. Offers a unique multi-dimensional perspective on the complex issues surrounding pest management activities and their effect on the environment and human health Addresses growing concerns about specific pest management strategies, including the use of transgenic crops and biological controls Analyses the influence of global processes, such as climate change, biological invasions and shifts in consumer demand, and ecosystem services and disservices on pest suppression efforts Explores public health concerns regarding biodiversity, pesticide use and food safety Identifies key economic drivers of pest suppression research, strategies and technologies Proposes new regulatory approaches to create sustainable and viable crop protection systems in the framework of agro-environmental schemes Offering a timely and comprehensively-unique treatment of pest management and its environmental impacts in a single, inter-disciplinary volume, this book is a valuable resource for scientists in an array of disciplines, as well as government officials and policymakers. Also, teachers of undergraduate and graduate level courses in a variety of fields are sure to find it a highly useful teaching resource.
Author : Daniel E. Martínez Piña
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1472969995
Total Pages : 623 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (729 download)
Download or read book Field Guide to the Birds of Chile written by Daniel E. Martínez Piña and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2021-03-04 with total page 623 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The definitive guide to the birds of Chile. With its diverse range of habitats, Chile is one of the top birding destinations in South America and supports an interesting range of breeding and visiting birds, including the Chilean Tinamou, Juan Fernandez Firecrown and a number of other endemic species. This comprehensive field guide covers all of the species recorded in Chile, including vagrants; all are illustrated in superb detail, and feature every major plumage variation. Concise species accounts describe key identification features, status, range, habitat and voice, and accurate distribution maps are also provided for every species. Together, these elements make this the essential field guide to the birds of this fascinating and beautiful region.
Author : Henrique M. Pereira
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319120395
Total Pages : 239 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (191 download)
Download or read book Rewilding European Landscapes written by Henrique M. Pereira and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-05-04 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Some European lands have been progressively alleviated of human pressures, particularly traditional agriculture in remote areas. This book proposes that this land abandonment can be seen as an opportunity to restore natural ecosystems via rewilding. We define rewilding as the passive management of ecological successions having in mind the long-term goal of restoring natural ecosystem processes. The book aims at introducing the concept of rewilding to scientists, students and practitioners. The first part presents the theory of rewilding in the European context. The second part of the book directly addresses the link between rewilding, biodiversity, and habitats. The third and last part is dedicated to practical aspects of the implementation of rewilding as a land management option. We believe that this book will both set the basis for future research on rewilding and help practitioners think about how rewilding can take place in areas under their management.
Author : Lars-Anders Hansson
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199677182
Total Pages : 299 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (996 download)
Download or read book Animal Movement Across Scales written by Lars-Anders Hansson and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2014 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study takes a broad and timely approach to animal movement across both temporal and spatial scales. Movement and migration on land, in the air, and in water are pervading features of animal life-from the smallest protozoans to the largest whales - and can extend from millimetres to global scale. Research into animal movement ecology is now entering a new era with the development of novel molecular, electronic, and technical methods that make it possible to analyse the movements of individual animals under complex environmental conditions that determine the evolution of movement habits.
Author : Jeremy D. Wilson
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 0521571812
Total Pages : 461 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (215 download)
Download or read book Bird Conservation and Agriculture written by Jeremy D. Wilson and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2009-07-09 with total page 461 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This gripping and chillingly realistic novel from "New York Times" bestselling author Sharon Draper shows that all it takes is one bad decision for everything to change. Diamond knows not to get into a car with a stranger. But what if the stranger is well-dressed and handsome? On his way to meet his wife and daughter? And casting a movie that very night--a movie in need of a star dancer? What then? Then Diamond might make the wrong decision. It's a nightmare come true: Diamond Landers has been kidnapped. She was at the mall with a friend, alone for only a few brief minutes--and now she's being held captive, forced to endure horrors beyond what she ever could have dreamed, while her family and friends experience their own torments and wait desperately for any bit of news. From "New York Times "bestselling author Sharon Draper, this is a riveting exploration of power: how quickly we can lose it--and how we can take it back.
Author : Gary M. Lovett
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9780387240893
Total Pages : 528 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (48 download)
Download or read book Ecosystem Function in Heterogeneous Landscapes written by Gary M. Lovett and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-12-15 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This groundbreaking work connects the knowledge of system function developed in ecosystem ecology with landscape ecology's knowledge of spatial structure. The book elucidates the challenges faced by ecosystem scientists working in spatially heterogeneous systems, relevant conceptual approaches used in other disciplines and in different ecosystem types, and the importance of spatial heterogeneity in conservation resource management.
