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Effect Of Transversus Abdominus Plane Block On Postoperative Analgesia And Patient Comfort In Patients Undergoing Abdominal Surgery Under General Anesthesia
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Book Synopsis Effect of Transversus Abdominus Plane Block on Postoperative Analgesia and Patient Comfort in Patients Undergoing Abdominal Surgery Under General Anesthesia by : Iclal Ozdemir Kol
Download or read book Effect of Transversus Abdominus Plane Block on Postoperative Analgesia and Patient Comfort in Patients Undergoing Abdominal Surgery Under General Anesthesia written by Iclal Ozdemir Kol and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: CLINICAL STUDY: EFFECT OF TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINUS PLANE BLOCK ON POSTOPERATIVE ANALGESIA AND PATIENT COMFORT IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERY UNDER GENERAL ANESTHESIABackground and Goal of Study: Transversus abdominus plan(TAP) block is defined regional approach in recent years, providing analgesia after abdominal surgery in the anterior wall of the abdomen. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of TAP block on postoperative analgesia quality and pain on patient comfort by removing the additional stresses(prolongation of time to stand up, nausea, vomiting) caused by pain in the patients undergoing general anesthesia, such as cesarean section, myomectomy and hysterectomy.Materials and Methods: Patients undergoing abdominal surgery, it was planned to investigate the postoperative analgesia and comfort of 50 patients aged 18-65 years, including ASA I-II group, with and without transversus abdominus plane block.Results and Discussion: TAP block was observed in patients who underwent at all hours of the VAS score was lower than in patients without the TAP block (p
Book Synopsis The Effect of Transverses Abdominis Plane Block Combined with Intravenous Analgesia on Perioperative Analgesia and Recovery in Abdominal Colorectal Surgery Patients by : Liang Zhang
Download or read book The Effect of Transverses Abdominis Plane Block Combined with Intravenous Analgesia on Perioperative Analgesia and Recovery in Abdominal Colorectal Surgery Patients written by Liang Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Objective: To assess the efficacy of preoperative transversus abdominis plane block(TAPB) on perioperative analgesic effect and recovery in patients with abdominal colorectal surgery.Methods: 80 patients scheduled to undergoing abdominal colorectal surgery were randomly divided into two group ( group P and group R), with 40 cases in each group, Ultrasound-guided TAP block was practiced after general anesthesia in Group R with 0.375% Ropivacaine,Capacity of 0.3 ml/kg per side, and not give processing to patients in group P , sevoflurane concentration was maintained at 0% to 2% Intraoperative.Entropy indexwere maintained 40-60 intraoperatively, and keep SPI u2264 50,sufentanil was added 0.1ug/kg per time according to SPI .two groups were implemented PCIA after surgery uff0e The sevoflurane usage in the traoperative and sufentanil usage in the perioperative, postoperative VAS score at five time points , adverse reactions u3001 ambulation and length of hospital stay and patients' satisfaction of two groups wereanalyzed. Results: Compared with group P uff0c The usage of sufentanil in traoperative and 2hu30016h after surgery of Group R was significantly lower than that of group P ,the time to gastrointestinal function recovery and patients'first ambulation of Group R was in advance uff0c and insufficient analgesia cases are lesser than Group P(p
Book Synopsis Postoperative Pain by : Oliver Wilder-Smith
Download or read book Postoperative Pain written by Oliver Wilder-Smith and published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. This book was released on 2015-02-02 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Postoperative Pain: Science and Clinical Practice compiles the proceedings of the November, 2013 IASP Research Symposium on Operative Pain into one convenient volume, giving you clinically relevant and research-driven information on the state of the art in postoperative pain. Global experts from the IASP provide practical knowledge on everything from basic research in animals to human research on clinical questions of diagnosis and treatment – information that’s ideal for pain researchers and clinicians who deal with perioperative pain.
Book Synopsis THE ROLE OF BILATERAL CONTINUOUS TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINIS PLANE BLOCK FOR POSTOPERATIVE ANALGESIA IN MAJOR ABDOMINAL SURGERY: A CASE SERIES by : Danilo Canzio
Download or read book THE ROLE OF BILATERAL CONTINUOUS TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINIS PLANE BLOCK FOR POSTOPERATIVE ANALGESIA IN MAJOR ABDOMINAL SURGERY: A CASE SERIES written by Danilo Canzio and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: BACKGROUND The use of loco-regional anesthesia aims at providing an adequate intra- and/or post-operative pain management for a broad spectrum of surgical interventions which historically have relayed on the use of opiod drugs. On this fashion, the aim of our study is to prove that the use of bilateral continuous subcostal TAP block, in a multimodal opiod-sparing analgesic approach, provides a successful post-operative pain management for major abdominal surgical interventions. We adopted the NRS score as a reference and u2264 6 as an acceptable response. METHODS We enrolled (16) patients undergoing major abdominal surgery. A primer infusion of 1gr paracetamol + 30 mg ketoralac was administered 30 minutes prior to the end of the intervention. Moreover, in the immediate post-operative period, via US guidance, a 20 ml bolus of 0.5% levobupivacaine was administered bilaterally. Then, a permanent catheter was placed on both sides with a 2ml/h infusion of 0.5% levobupivacaine (20 ml in 28 ml of 0.9% NaCl). RESULTS In the 30-minutes post-operative period, the NRS score was u2264 4 for all of our patients. Then u2264 3 in the 6, 12 and 24-hour post-operative period. None of our patients requested any supplementary analgesics. CONCLUSIONS The major drawback of this study is the small size of our sample. Further studies might encourage the spread of this procedure as a new gold-standard for laparoscopic interventions (e.g. right hemicolectomy and laparocele) and its non-inferiority to epidural analgesia, the current gold-standard for laparotomic surgeries (especially left hemicolectomy).
Book Synopsis Postoperative Analgesic Efficiency Of Ultrasound Guided Transversus Abdominis Plane Block Using Different Concentrations Of Bupivacaine In Inguinal Hernia Repair by :
Download or read book Postoperative Analgesic Efficiency Of Ultrasound Guided Transversus Abdominis Plane Block Using Different Concentrations Of Bupivacaine In Inguinal Hernia Repair written by and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background and Goal of Study:Effective postoperative analgesia is very important in reducing postoperative morbidity, accelarating recovery and avoding chronic postoperative pain. Ultrasound guided transversus abdominis plane(TAP) block is done as a part of multimodal analgesia for pain relief after surgeries.This study was conducted to evaluate postoperative analgesic efficacy of unilateral TAP Block using different concentration of bupivacaine in patients undergoing inguinal hernia surgeries.Materials and Methods:After ethical approval and patient informed consent, seventy-five patients scheduled for inguinal hernia repair surgery were divided into three equal groups.Group-I(GI) TAP block with 20ml 0.25% bupivacaine, Group-II(GII) TAP block with 20ml 0.125% bupivacaine and Group-III(GIII) no TAP block. After standart induction, anesthesia was maintained with general anesthesia.TAP Blocks were performed with ultrasound guidance. 20ml 0.25% or 0.125% bupivacaine applied between internal oblique and transversus abdominis muscles before the surgery start. Postoperative pain scores were evaluated with visual analog scale(VAS) at 30th and 60th min on recovery room, at 2nd,4th,8th,12th and 24th hour in the ward. An additional and a rescue analgesics were applied when VAS scoresu22654.First analgesic application time, the number of additional and rescue analgesic, postoperative nausea-vomiting and patient satisfaction were recorded.Results and Discussion:The postoperative pain scores were statistically lower in GI and GII than GIII in recovery room and in the ward(P
Book Synopsis Comparison Of Ultrasound Guided Transversus Abdominis Plane Block And Quadratus Lumborum Block For Postoperative Pain In Cesarean Section by :
Download or read book Comparison Of Ultrasound Guided Transversus Abdominis Plane Block And Quadratus Lumborum Block For Postoperative Pain In Cesarean Section written by and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comparison of ultrasound guided transversus abdominis plane block and quadratus lumborum block for postoperative pain in cesarean section: A prospective, randomized-controlled studyU Caglayan1, C Yilmaz1, D Karasu1, SE Ozgunay1, F Ata1, S Cansabuncu11 University of Health Sciences Bursa Yuksek Ihtisas Training and Education Hospital Departmentt of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Bursa,TurkeyIntroductionNeuroaxial anesthesia methods are preferred In cesarean section. General anesthesia is performed when the regional anesthesia is contraindicated or when the patient does not want regional anesthesia. Effective analgesia after cesarean section is important for faster recovery and prevention complications.Transversus abdominis plane block (TAP) and Quadratus lumborum block (QL) are used for postoperative analgesia in lower and upper abdominal surgeons (1-4). However, studies comparing the analgesic efficacy of truncal blocks after cesarean section under general anesthesia are inadequate.The aim of this study is to compare the postoperative analgesic efficacy of TAP Block and QL Block administered by ultrasound (US) guidance under the general anesthesia for cesarean section.Materials and MethodsThe study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee and Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (Ref: ACTRN12617000842369). A written informed consent was obtained from each patient. The study was carried out in accordance with The Code of Ethics of the Declaration of Helsinki. 99 pregnant women aged 18-49 years who refused or contraindicated to regional anesthesia were included in study. In this prospective, randomized, and double blinded study, patients that scheduled for elective cesarean section, were randomly allocated in two groups (Group TAP n=49, Group QL n=50). Standard monitorization and general anesthesia was performed. After surgery was completed, TAP or lateral QL Block (QL1 Block) was applied bilaterally with US guidance.All patients received tenoxicam (20 mg) iv as a multimodal analgesic component. Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) pump was used for all patients (no loading dose, 25 mg tramadol bolus, 20 minutes of lock out time). The severity of postoperative pain was measured by VAS scale (0=no pain, 10=the worst possible pain). Patients were asked to score the pain at different times after the operation, both at rest and during coughing, 0. 2. 6. 12. and 24 h later. ResultsDemographics, intraoperative hemodynamic changes, duration of surgery and intraoperative fentanyl consumption were similar in both groups (p>0,05). Duration of anesthesia was statistically longer in the Group QL (p=0.044). Primary Outcomes Total tramadol consumption was 227u00b197 mg in Group TAP and 166u00b1101 mg in Group QL (p=0.003). However, no significant difference was found statistically regarding to demand of rescue analgesics (p=0.876). First analgesic administration with PCA was later in Group QL (0,43u00b10,76h vs 1,74u00b12,36 h, p0,001). VAS scores at rest and movement were found in Table 1-2.Secondary OutcomestThere was no statistically significant difference between groups in terms of postoperative side effects (p 0,05). Patient satisfaction in Group QL was significantly higher (p = 0.013).Table 1: Resting VAS scores according to groups VAStGroup TAP (n=49)tGroup QL (n=50)tp0th h#t2,65 u00b11,01t2,00u00b10,96t0,001*2nd h#t1,53u00b10,64t1,18 u00b10,69t0,011*6th h#t1,35 u00b10,72t0,94u00b10,62t0,003*12th h#t1,57 u00b10,76t1,30u00b10,78t0,08524th h#t0,94u00b10,45t0,70u00b10,54t0,022*VAS: Visual Analog scale #: Meanu00b1Standard Deviation, *p
Book Synopsis Efficacy Of Ultrasound-Guided Transversus Abdominis Plane (TAP) Block For Reducing Post-Operative Pain And Peri-Operative Analgesic Requirement In Patients Undergoing Lower Abdominal Surgery by :
Download or read book Efficacy Of Ultrasound-Guided Transversus Abdominis Plane (TAP) Block For Reducing Post-Operative Pain And Peri-Operative Analgesic Requirement In Patients Undergoing Lower Abdominal Surgery written by and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: TITLE: EFFICACY OF ULTRASOUND-GUIDED TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINIS PLANE (TAP) BLOCK FOR REDUCING POST-OPERATIVE PAIN AND PERI-OPERATIVE ANALGESIC REQUIREMENT IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING LOWER ABDOMINAL SURGERY.ABSTRACT -BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Ultrasound-guided TAP block helps deposit local anaesthetic between the internal oblique and transversus abdominis muscles . Its role as a part of multimodal analgesic technique for gynaecological abdominal surgeries needs to be clearly defined. The objective of this study was to assess TAP block for post-operative analgesia and peri-operative fentanyl requirement.METHODS: After ethics committee approval and obtaining written informed consent, 30 ASA 1 and 2 patients scheduled for Total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpino-oopherectomy using infraumbilical midline vertical incision were recruited. They were randomly divided to receive bilateral pre-incisional TAP block with ropicavaine (group R) or normal saline (group S) using ultrasound guidance. RESULTS: The VAS scores both at rest and movement were less in group R at 0, 4, 8, 12 and until 24 hours post-surgery (p
Book Synopsis Obstetric Anesthesia Handbook by : SANJAY DATTA
Download or read book Obstetric Anesthesia Handbook written by SANJAY DATTA and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-05-11 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook appeals to a wide audience, as it was written with the practicing anesthesiologists in mind, as well as nurse anesthetists, obstetricians, housestaff, and residents. The Obstetric Anesthesia Handbook supplies expert advice on every facet of anesthesia for childbirth and related obstetric procedures. The text is authoritative, succinct, and highly practical. It is accompanied by over 100 illustrations and tables making the text a convenient reference to the busy practitioner. The handbook is also a natural companion to the recently published, Anesthetic and Obstetric Management of High-Risk Pregnancy, by the same author
Book Synopsis Efficacy Of Bilateral Dual Transversus Abdominis Plane (TAP) Block For Postoperative Analgesia After Open Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) Surgery by :
Download or read book Efficacy Of Bilateral Dual Transversus Abdominis Plane (TAP) Block For Postoperative Analgesia After Open Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) Surgery written by and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background and Goal of Study: Patients scheduled for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) surgery carry a high risk of cardiac, renal or respiratory comorbidities. The post-operative pain control is essential in this population. Transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block has been described as an effective technique to reduce postoperative pain and morphine consumption after gynecologic and lower abdominal surgery but not in open AAA surgery.The aim of this study was to demonstrate the postoperative analgesic efficacy of bilateral dual TAP block by reducing the amount of morphine consumption during the first 24 hours postoperative.Materials and Methods: This randomized, double-blind, controlled, prospective trial approved by the local ethics committee enrolled 60 adult patients with AAA or Leriche syndrome scheduled for an aortic surgery through midline laparotomy. Patients were randomized to receive bilateral dual TAP block using 4 x 10 mL of 0.375% ropivacaine (= 150 mg) (TAP group = 30 patients) or not (CONTROL group = 30 patients). Anaesthetic technique (Remifentanil, Sevoflurane) and postoperative analgesia were standardized. All patients received IV morphine via a morphine patient-controlled analgesia device and IV paracetamol every 6 hours for postoperative analgesia. Postoperative assessments were conducted every hour for the first 48 hours after surgery. Postoperatively pain scores at rest and with movement, total morphine consumption and opioid related side effects were recorded. The primary outcome of the study was total morphine (mg) consumption at 24 hours postoperatively.Results and Discussion: Both groups were comparable as to gender, age, body mass index (BMI), creatinine clearance and ASA physical status. Nine patients (64,3%) in the TAP group had a BMI > 30 kg/m2 and 5 (35,7%) in the CONTROL group. Total morphine consumption at 24 hours was 35,5 mg (+/- 24,2) in the TAP group and 33,3 mg (+/- 19,5) in the CONTROL group (P=0,71). Total morphine consumption at 48 hours was also similar in both groups (58,4 +/- 39 mg vs 60 +/- 35 mg, P=0,85). This non-significant result could be explained by the fact that the dose of ropivacaine wasnu2019t sufficient.Conclusion(s): In our study, bilateral dual TAP block performed in open AAA surgery doesnu2019t show a reduction of morphine consumption during the first 24 hours postoperative. A study with different doses of ropivacaine in this type of surgery could be interesting and refine this work.
Book Synopsis Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy by : Ferdinando Agresta
Download or read book Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy written by Ferdinando Agresta and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-05-15 with total page 191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, written by expert surgeons, offers a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of all aspects of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Coverage includes the indications for surgery, anesthesia, surgical technique, and the prevention and management of complications, with extensive reference to the latest clinical evidence and assessment of the benefits of the laparoscopic approach, for example in terms of outcomes and day surgery. New technologies, including SILS, NOTES, robotic surgery, and miniaturized instruments, are reviewed. The learning curve and training are also extensively discussed, and an individual chapter is devoted to the views of international experts in the field. Readers will find the book to be an ideal guide to this gold standard technique, which continues to evolve some 20 years after the National Institutes of Health Consensus Conference first published recommendations regarding indications for laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Book Synopsis Effects of Transversus Abdominis Plane Block and Intrathecal Morphine on Postoperative Pain Control for Patients Under Going Laparaoscopic Hand Assisted Colorectal Surgery by : Ronald T. Donaldson
Download or read book Effects of Transversus Abdominis Plane Block and Intrathecal Morphine on Postoperative Pain Control for Patients Under Going Laparaoscopic Hand Assisted Colorectal Surgery written by Ronald T. Donaldson and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Comparison Of The Post-Operative Analgesic Effect Of Transverse Abdominis Plane Block Between 015% And 025% Ropivacaine After Inguinal Hernia Repair In Children by :
Download or read book Comparison Of The Post-Operative Analgesic Effect Of Transverse Abdominis Plane Block Between 015% And 025% Ropivacaine After Inguinal Hernia Repair In Children written by and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: BackgroundTransverse abdominis plane(TAP) block can provide more safe and optimal analgesia in pediatric population. However, optimal dose and concentration for post-operative analgesia for inguinal hernia in pediatric population is not well defined.Methods Fourty four patients under seven years old without co-morbidities scheduled for elective unilateral inguinal herniorrhaphy in a single tertiary hospital were randomly assigned between two groups. Group I : 0.15% ropivacaine 0.67cc/kg, Group II : 0.25% ropivacaine 0.4cc/kg. Both groups were injected 1mg/kg of ropivacaine. Ultrasound guided TAP block was given at the end of surgery before awakening the patient. Post-operative pain was assessed immediately after arriving post-anesthesia care unit(PACU) (T1) and one hour (T2) and six hours (T3) after surgery using Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability score(FLACC score).Results FLACC score at T1 was higher in 0.15% ropivacaine group. ( 2.91 vs. 1.36, mean difference 1.55, 95% CI 0.1187 to 2.972, p=0.0344 ). At T1, FLACC score more than three was more frequent in 0.15% ropivacaine group ( 9 vs. 3 ). FLACC score at T2 ( 0.38 vs. 0.33, p=0.8698) and T3 ( 0.15 vs. 0.17, p=0.9339 ) are not different between two groups. Fentanyl usage at PACU was also higher in 0.15% ropivacaine group. ( 0.22mcg/kg vs. 0.07mcg/kg, mean difference -0.15, CI -0.2877 to -0.0034, p=0.0450).Conclusions Current study suggests that TAP block with more diluted local anesthetic and large volume might have no advantage for immediate post-operative analgesia after unilateral inguinal herniorrhaphy.
Book Synopsis Essential Clinical Anesthesia by : Charles Vacanti
Download or read book Essential Clinical Anesthesia written by Charles Vacanti and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-07-11 with total page 1191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The clinical practice of anesthesia has undergone many advances in the past few years, making this the perfect time for a new state-of-the-art anesthesia textbook for practitioners and trainees. The goal of this book is to provide a modern, clinically focused textbook giving rapid access to comprehensive, succinct knowledge from experts in the field. All clinical topics of relevance to anesthesiology are organized into 29 sections consisting of more than 180 chapters. The print version contains 166 chapters that cover all of the essential clinical topics, while an additional 17 chapters on subjects of interest to the more advanced practitioner can be freely accessed at www.cambridge.org/vacanti. Newer techniques such as ultrasound nerve blocks, robotic surgery and transesophageal echocardiography are included, and numerous illustrations and tables assist the reader in rapidly assimilating key information. This authoritative text is edited by distinguished Harvard Medical School faculty, with contributors from many of the leading academic anesthesiology departments in the United States and an introduction from Dr S. R. Mallampati. This book is your essential companion when preparing for board review and recertification exams and in your daily clinical practice.
Book Synopsis Essentials of Anesthesia for Infants and Neonates by : Mary Ellen McCann
Download or read book Essentials of Anesthesia for Infants and Neonates written by Mary Ellen McCann and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-02-22 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A practical, comprehensive guide to the special needs of infants and neonates undergoing anesthesia.
Book Synopsis Textbook of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery by : Deepak K. Kalaskar
Download or read book Textbook of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery written by Deepak K. Kalaskar and published by UCL Press. This book was released on 2016-08-02 with total page 491 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by experts from London’s renowned Royal Free Hospital, Textbook of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery offers a comprehensive overview of the vast topic of reconstructive plastic surgery and its various subspecialties for introductory plastic surgery and surgical science courses. The book comprises five sections covering the fundamental principles of plastic surgery, cancer, burns and trauma, paediatric plastic surgery and aesthetic surgery, and covers the breadth of knowledge that students need to further their career in this exciting field. Additional coverage of areas in which reconstructive surgery techniques are called upon includes abdominal wall reconstruction, ear reconstruction and genital reconstruction. A chapter on aesthetic surgery includes facial aesthetic surgery and blepharoplasty, aesthetic breast surgery, body contouring and the evolution of hair transplantation.The broad scope of this volume and attention to often neglected specialisms such as military plastic surgery make this a unique contribution to the field. Heavily illustrated throughout, Textbook of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery is essential reading for anyone interested in furthering their knowledge of this exciting field. This book was produced as part of JISC's Institution as e-Textbook Publisher project. Find out more at https://www.jisc.ac.uk/rd/projects/institution-as-e-textbook-publisher
Book Synopsis Drugs in Anaesthesia and Intensive Care by : Edward Scarth
Download or read book Drugs in Anaesthesia and Intensive Care written by Edward Scarth and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016-09-17 with total page 445 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An essential reference text, the fifth edition of this popular book details drugs in anaesthesia and intensive care in an A-Z format. The book describes the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of all the drugs commonly used by anaesthetists. The A-Z organisation allows rapid access to specific information on the properties and characteristics of almost 200 drugs. The new edition includes a complete revision of all the featured drugs, and the addition of key new drugs. New diagrams of particular drug structures and comparison tables aid comparison of differences within a drug class for exam revision. Improved navigation in the index enables prompt discoverability of information. Written in a concise, bullet-point style to allow quick access to information, the book contains all necessary drug references for anaesthetists in training, consultant anaesthetists, intensive care nurses, and anaesthetic assistants.
Book Synopsis Postoperative Pain Management by : F. Michael Ferrante
Download or read book Postoperative Pain Management written by F. Michael Ferrante and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 720 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
