Effect of Rotation Speed and Temperature to Wax Deposition for Malaysian Crude Oil

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 45 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis Effect of Rotation Speed and Temperature to Wax Deposition for Malaysian Crude Oil by : Fazerah Moin

Download or read book Effect of Rotation Speed and Temperature to Wax Deposition for Malaysian Crude Oil written by Fazerah Moin and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wax depositions have been a major problem in the oil and gas field. It generates additional pressure drop and causes fouling which ultimately increase the operating cost during production, transportation, and handling of waxy crude oil. The problem are initiated due to the decrease of crude oil temperature during the transportation process which eventually caused the solidified of the crude oil to form wax. The deposited wax is normally removed by pigging process. The wax deposition of the crude oil in the pipeline makes the flow area smaller and smaller with time, which then influences the transportation capacity and the operation safety of the pipeline. There are many factors that influence the wax deposition: the crude components, the carbon atom distribution of the paraffin, the oil temperature, the temperature difference between the oil and the pipe wall, the deposition duration, the flow rate, and so on. In this research the effect of rotation speed was investigated toward the wax deposition. In addition, the temperature effect to the wax solubility is also been studied. The experimental work were conducted using cold finger device. Two different type of wax inhibitor are used in this study which are cyclohexane and toluene. As rotation speed is increased, the wax deposit obtained at the cold finger is decreased. However, at the certain minimum point, the amount of wax deposit is increased. For the wax solubility test, temperature was found to be the main effect to the wax. At the highest temperature, the solubility of paraffin wax is increased.

Wax Deposition

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1466567678
Total Pages : 182 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (665 download)

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Book Synopsis Wax Deposition by : Zhenyu Huang

Download or read book Wax Deposition written by Zhenyu Huang and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-03-09 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wax Deposition: Experimental Characterizations, Theoretical Modeling, and Field Practices covers the entire spectrum of knowledge on wax deposition. The book delivers a detailed description of the thermodynamic and transport theories for wax deposition modeling as well as a comprehensive review of laboratory testing for the establishment of appropr

Predicting Paraffin Wax Deposition and Its Prevention During Crude Oil Production in Malaysia

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 160 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (96 download)

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Book Synopsis Predicting Paraffin Wax Deposition and Its Prevention During Crude Oil Production in Malaysia by : Ekeh Modesty Kelechukwu

Download or read book Predicting Paraffin Wax Deposition and Its Prevention During Crude Oil Production in Malaysia written by Ekeh Modesty Kelechukwu and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Altering Wax Appearance Temperature Using Shear and Pressure

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 65 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (126 download)

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Book Synopsis Altering Wax Appearance Temperature Using Shear and Pressure by : Abdualbaset Ahmed Ali

Download or read book Altering Wax Appearance Temperature Using Shear and Pressure written by Abdualbaset Ahmed Ali and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oil and gas flows inside pipelines are vital to supplying the world's energy in the 21st century. Waxes are a common component in crude oils, which can precipitate during production and transport causing cessation of flow. Wax deposition has become a challenge in subsea operations and oil transportation, maintenance and safety concerns, and economic losses. Therefore, understanding wax appearance under flow and pressure could benefit the oil and gas industries by constructing a wax phase diagram as a function of temperature, pressure, and flow. A model wax-oil system, which contained mineral oil and paraffin wax, with different wax content is examined using rheology and phase behavior studies. First, the effect of shear between 1 to 1000 s-1 on wax appearance temperature (WAT) was studied. WAT under pressure from 0 to 2000 psig was studied using state of the art equipment consisting of a mixing cell, high pressure pump, and pressure cell under a constant shear rate of 100 s-1. Increasing shear on waxy oil lowered WAT by ~2oC. Furthermore, WAT was lowered by ~3oC under shear and elevated pressures. Therefore, combining the effect of shear and pressure on the industrial pipelines by increasing the flow-rate and the amount of dissolved associated gases could help minimize the issue of wax solidification.

Wax Deposition in Crude Oil Transport Lines and Wax Estimation Methods

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (139 download)

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Book Synopsis Wax Deposition in Crude Oil Transport Lines and Wax Estimation Methods by : Fadi Alnaimat

Download or read book Wax Deposition in Crude Oil Transport Lines and Wax Estimation Methods written by Fadi Alnaimat and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Petroleum industry is one of the major industries serving the energy demands. Flow assurance is essential for providing continuous fuel supply. Wax deposition is the main issue that affects flow assurance or reduces the efficiency of transporting crude oil. As the maintenance cost of repairing and troubleshooting is very high, addressing issues related to flow assurance becomes critical in the petroleum industry. This chapter will explore methods used for reducing, cleaning, and monitoring deposition of wax. Wax dissolved in the crude oil gets crystallized causing accumulation across the pipe walls once the bulk temperature of the crude oil gets lower than wax appearance temperature (WAT). Mechanical, thermal, chemical, and microbial methods highlighting general practice in the industry are discussed in this chapter. Next, the direct techniques providing information about the numerical wax deposition models used along with scientific measurement techniques are emphasized. Later, the indirect measurement techniques are discussed providing information about the external probing and nondestructive techniques to obtain information about wax layer deposition inside the pipe. The role of artificial intelligence and use of fuzzy logic for effective wax prediction or in developing the existing wax numerical models are emphasized in the last section.

Evaluation of Wax Deposition and Its Control During Production of Alaska North Slope Oils

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (727 download)

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Book Synopsis Evaluation of Wax Deposition and Its Control During Production of Alaska North Slope Oils by :

Download or read book Evaluation of Wax Deposition and Its Control During Production of Alaska North Slope Oils written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Due to increasing oil demand, oil companies are moving into arctic environments and deep-water areas for oil production. In these regions of lower temperatures, wax deposits begin to form when the temperature in the wellbore falls below wax appearance temperature (WAT). This condition leads to reduced production rates and larger pressure drops. Wax problems in production wells are very costly due to production down time for removal of wax. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a solution to wax deposition. In order to develop a solution to wax deposition, it is essential to characterize the crude oil and study phase behavior properties. The main objective of this project was to characterize Alaskan North Slope crude oil and study the phase behavior, which was further used to develop a dynamic wax deposition model. This report summarizes the results of the various experimental studies. The subtasks completed during this study include measurement of density, molecular weight, viscosity, pour point, wax appearance temperature, wax content, rate of wax deposition using cold finger, compositional characterization of crude oil and wax obtained from wax content, gas-oil ratio, and phase behavior experiments including constant composition expansion and differential liberation. Also, included in this report is the development of a thermodynamic model to predict wax precipitation. From the experimental study of wax appearance temperature, it was found that wax can start to precipitate at temperatures as high as 40.6 C. The WAT obtained from cross-polar microscopy and viscometry was compared, and it was discovered that WAT from viscometry is overestimated. From the pour point experiment it was found that crude oil can cease to flow at a temperature of 12 C. From the experimental results of wax content, it is evident that the wax content in Alaskan North Slope crude oil can be as high as 28.57%. The highest gas-oil ratio for a live oil sample was observed to be 619.26 SCF/STB. The bubblepoint pressure for live oil samples varied between 1600 psi and 2100 psi. Wax precipitation is one of the most important phenomena in wax deposition and, hence, needs to be modeled. There are various models present in the literature. Won's model, which considers the wax phase as a non-ideal solution, and Pedersen's model, which considers the wax phase as an ideal solution, were compared. Comparison indicated that Pedersen's model gives better results, but the assumption of wax phase as an ideal solution is not realistic. Hence, Won's model was modified to consider different precipitation characteristics of the various constituents in the hydrocarbon fraction. The results obtained from the modified Won's model were compared with existing models, and it was found that predictions from the modified model are encouraging.

Processing of Heavy Crude Oils

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 1839684097
Total Pages : 274 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (396 download)

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Book Synopsis Processing of Heavy Crude Oils by : Ramasamy Marappa Gounder

Download or read book Processing of Heavy Crude Oils written by Ramasamy Marappa Gounder and published by . This book was released on 2019-12-18 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Proceedings of the International Petroleum and Petrochemical Technology Conference 2019

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Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811508607
Total Pages : 501 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (115 download)

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Book Synopsis Proceedings of the International Petroleum and Petrochemical Technology Conference 2019 by : Jia'en Lin

Download or read book Proceedings of the International Petroleum and Petrochemical Technology Conference 2019 written by Jia'en Lin and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-12-16 with total page 501 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a compilation of selected papers from the 3rd International Petroleum and Petrochemical Technology Conference (IPPTC 2019). The work focuses on petroleum & petrochemical technologies and practical challenges in the field. It creates a platform to bridge the knowledge gap between China and the world. The conference not only provides a platform to exchanges experience but also promotes the development of scientific research in petroleum & petrochemical technologies. The book will benefit a broad readership, including industry experts, researchers, educators, senior engineers and managers.

Well Completion Design

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Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080932525
Total Pages : 726 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis Well Completion Design by : Jonathan Bellarby

Download or read book Well Completion Design written by Jonathan Bellarby and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2009-04-13 with total page 726 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Completions are the conduit between hydrocarbon reservoirs and surface facilities. They are a fundamental part of any hydrocarbon field development project. The have to be designed for safely maximising the hydrocarbon recovery from the well and may have to last for many years under ever changing conditions. Issues include: connection with the reservoir rock, avoiding sand production, selecting the correct interval, pumps and other forms of artificial lift, safety and integrity, equipment selection and installation and future well interventions. - Course book based on course well completion design by TRACS International - Unique in its field: Coverage of offshore, subsea, and landbased completions in all of the major hydrocarbon basins of the world - Full colour

With Speed and Violence

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Publisher : Beacon Press
ISBN 13 : 0807085855
Total Pages : 369 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis With Speed and Violence by : Fred Pearce

Download or read book With Speed and Violence written by Fred Pearce and published by Beacon Press. This book was released on 2007-03-15 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nature is fragile, environmentalists often tell us. But the lesson of this book is that it is not so. The truth is far more worrying. Nature is strong and packs a serious counterpunch . . . Global warming will very probably unleash unstoppable planetary forces. And they will not be gradual. The history of our planet's climate shows that it does not do gradual change. Under pressure, whether from sunspots or orbital wobbles or the depredations of humans, it lurches-virtually overnight. —from the Introduction Fred Pearce has been writing about climate change for eighteen years, and the more he learns, the worse things look. Where once scientists were concerned about gradual climate change, now more and more of them fear we will soon be dealing with abrupt change resulting from triggering hidden tipping points. Even President Bush's top climate modeler, Jim Hansen, warned in 2005 that "we are on the precipice of climate system tipping points beyond which there is no redemption." As Pearce began working on this book, normally cautious scientists beat a path to his door to tell him about their fears and their latest findings. With Speed and Violence tells the stories of these scientists and their work-from the implications of melting permafrost in Siberia and the huge river systems of meltwater beneath the icecaps of Greenland and Antarctica to the effects of the "ocean conveyor" and a rare molecule that runs virtually the entire cleanup system for the planet. Above all, the scientists told him what they're now learning about the speed and violence of past natural climate change-and what it portends for our future. With Speed and Violence is the most up-to-date and readable book yet about the growing evidence for global warming and the large climatic effects it may unleash.

Surface Application of Paper Chemicals

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400914571
Total Pages : 283 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Surface Application of Paper Chemicals by : J. Brander

Download or read book Surface Application of Paper Chemicals written by J. Brander and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the exception of a slight hiccup during the height of the recent environmental movement (during the early 1990s), when for a year or two consumers were prepared to pay a price premium for lower quality recycled paper than for the virgin product, the inexorable improvement in the quality demanded of paper products continues. This demand for quality covers not only the aesthetics ofthe product but also its performance. Moreover, it is becoming increasingly the case that papers designed for a particular use must, as it were incidentally, also perform well in alternative applications. An example is that of office and printing papers, which are expected to perform as well in copier machines as in all the various forms of impact and non-impact printers. But even greater demands are made in other product areas, where board designed for dry foods can also be expected to protect moist and fatty materials and be made of 100% recycled fibre. The need to isolate foodstuffs from some of the contaminants that can affect recycled board is a· serious challenge. Thus, papermakers are constantly striving to meet a broadening spectrum of demands on their products; often while accepting declining quality of raw materials. The product design philosophy that has arisen in response to this is increasingly to isolate the bulk of a paper from its uses: to engineer the needed performance characteristics into the paper surfaces while more or less ignoring what happens inside.

All about Pigging

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 352 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis All about Pigging by : Jim Cordell

Download or read book All about Pigging written by Jim Cordell and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Proceedings of the 6th International Conference and Exhibition on Sustainable Energy and Advanced Materials

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Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811544816
Total Pages : 813 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (115 download)

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Book Synopsis Proceedings of the 6th International Conference and Exhibition on Sustainable Energy and Advanced Materials by : Ubaidillah Sabino

Download or read book Proceedings of the 6th International Conference and Exhibition on Sustainable Energy and Advanced Materials written by Ubaidillah Sabino and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-06-01 with total page 813 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gathers the proceedings of the 6th International Conference and Exhibition on Sustainable Energy and Advanced Materials (ICE-SEAM 2019), held on 16–17 October 2019 in Surakarta, Indonesia. It focuses on two relatively broad areas – advanced materials and sustainable energy – and a diverse range of subtopics: Advanced Materials and Related Technologies: Liquid Crystals, Semiconductors, Superconductors, Optics, Lasers, Sensors, Mesoporous Materials, Nanomaterials, Smart Ferrous Materials, Amorphous Materials, Crystalline Materials, Biomaterials, Metamaterials, Composites, Polymers, Design, Analysis, Development, Manufacturing, Processing and Testing for Advanced Materials. Sustainable Energy and Related Technologies: Energy Management, Storage, Conservation, Industrial Energy Efficiency, Energy-Efficient Buildings, Energy-Efficient Traffic Systems, Energy Distribution, Energy Modeling, Hybrid and Integrated Energy Systems, Fossil Energy, Nuclear Energy, Bioenergy, Biogas, Biomass Geothermal Power, Non-Fossil Energies, Wind Energy, Hydropower, Solar Photovoltaic, Fuel Cells, Electrification, and Electrical Power Systems and Controls.

Petroleum Production Engineering

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Publisher : Gulf Professional Publishing
ISBN 13 : 0128096128
Total Pages : 782 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (28 download)

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Book Synopsis Petroleum Production Engineering by : Boyun Guo

Download or read book Petroleum Production Engineering written by Boyun Guo and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2017-02-10 with total page 782 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Petroleum Production Engineering, Second Edition, updates both the new and veteran engineer on how to employ day-to-day production fundamentals to solve real-world challenges with modern technology. Enhanced to include equations and references with today's more complex systems, such as working with horizontal wells, workovers, and an entire new section of chapters dedicated to flow assurance, this go-to reference remains the most all-inclusive source for answering all upstream and midstream production issues. Completely updated with five sections covering the entire production spectrum, including well productivity, equipment and facilities, well stimulation and workover, artificial lift methods, and flow assurance, this updated edition continues to deliver the most practical applied production techniques, answers, and methods for today's production engineer and manager. In addition, updated Excel spreadsheets that cover the most critical production equations from the book are included for download. - Updated to cover today's critical production challenges, such as flow assurance, horizontal and multi-lateral wells, and workovers - Guides users from theory to practical application with the help of over 50 online Excel spreadsheets that contain basic production equations, such as gas lift potential, multilateral gas well deliverability, and production forecasting - Delivers an all-inclusive product with real-world answers for training or quick look up solutions for the entire petroleum production spectrum

Volcanoes

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Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118687949
Total Pages : 677 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (186 download)

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Book Synopsis Volcanoes by : John P. Lockwood

Download or read book Volcanoes written by John P. Lockwood and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-04-26 with total page 677 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volcanoes are essential elements in the delicate global balance of elemental forces that govern both the dynamic evolution of the Earth and the nature of Life itself. Without volcanic activity, life as we know it would not exist on our planet. Although beautiful to behold, volcanoes are also potentially destructive, and understanding their nature is critical to prevent major loss of life in the future. Richly illustrated with over 300 original color photographs and diagrams the book is written in an informal manner, with minimum use of jargon, and relies heavily on first-person, eye-witness accounts of eruptive activity at both "red" (effusive) and "grey" (explosive) volcanoes to illustrate the full spectrum of volcanic processes and their products. Decades of teaching in university classrooms and fieldwork on active volcanoes throughout the world have provided the authors with unique experiences that they have distilled into a highly readable textbook of lasting value. Questions for Thought, Study, and Discussion, Suggestions for Further Reading, and a comprehensive list of source references make this work a major resource for further study of volcanology. Volcanoes maintains three core foci: Global perspectives explain volcanoes in terms of their tectonic positions on Earth and their roles in earth history Environmental perspectives describe the essential role of volcanism in the moderation of terrestrial climate and atmosphere Humanitarian perspectives discuss the major influences of volcanoes on human societies. This latter is especially important as resource scarcities and environmental issues loom over our world, and as increasing numbers of people are threatened by volcanic hazards Readership Volcanologists, advanced undergraduate, and graduate students in earth science and related degree courses, and volcano enthusiasts worldwide. A companion website is also available for this title at www.wiley.com/go/lockwood/volcanoes

Ionic Liquids in Flow Assurance

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Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030637530
Total Pages : 63 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (36 download)

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Book Synopsis Ionic Liquids in Flow Assurance by : Bhajan Lal

Download or read book Ionic Liquids in Flow Assurance written by Bhajan Lal and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-12-05 with total page 63 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the application of ionic liquids in flow assurance in the oil and gas industry. It discusses their physiochemical properties, and considers the role of ionic liquids as gas hydrate inhibitors in offshore pipelines. Gas hydrate occurrence can pose a major threat to pipeline integrity. Therefore, different categories of gas hydrate inhibitors and the main factors influencing ionic liquids during gas hydrate inhibition are examined thoroughly. The use of ionic liquids as corrosion inhibitors, their application in flow assurance industry to mitigate corrosion, and factors affecting their performance are discussed. Finally, the applications of ionic liquids in wax, scale and asphaltenes deposition control is explored. The extensive discussion of ionic liquids in flow assurance mean that this book will be of use to researchers, engineers, and industry professionals in upstream processing of the oil and gas sector.

A Review of Dipterocarps

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Publisher : CIFOR
ISBN 13 : 979876420X
Total Pages : 223 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (987 download)

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Book Synopsis A Review of Dipterocarps by : Simmathiri Appanah

Download or read book A Review of Dipterocarps written by Simmathiri Appanah and published by CIFOR. This book was released on 1998-01-01 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: