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Effect Of Gnrh Breeding Weight Frame Condition And Age On Pregnancy Rates In Estrus Synchronized Beef Heifers
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Book Synopsis Effect of GnRH, Breeding Weight, Frame, Condition and Age on Pregnancy Rates in Estrus Synchronized Beef Heifers by : Mary Ferguson
Download or read book Effect of GnRH, Breeding Weight, Frame, Condition and Age on Pregnancy Rates in Estrus Synchronized Beef Heifers written by Mary Ferguson and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Timing GnRH Administration with Split-time Artificial Insemination Following Administration of CIDR-based Protocols to Synchronize Estrus and Ovulation in Beef Heifers and Cows by : Brianne Elizabeth Bishop
Download or read book Timing GnRH Administration with Split-time Artificial Insemination Following Administration of CIDR-based Protocols to Synchronize Estrus and Ovulation in Beef Heifers and Cows written by Brianne Elizabeth Bishop and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 75 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Historically, adoption of AI within beef herds has increased due to improvements in methods to synchronize estrous and expanded use of fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI) where all females are inseminated at a predetermined fixed time. Because pregnancy rates are higher among females that exhibit estrus prior to AI, split-time AI was developed as an alternative breeding strategy whereby insemination is delayed 20 to 24 hours (h) for females that fail to express estrus prior to a predetermined fixed time. Three experiments were designed to test hypotheses related to the timing and use of GnRH in breeding programs involving STAI based on results from previously published studies. Estrus was synchronized for heifers in experiment 1 with the 14-d CIDR-PG protocol, and for cows in experiment 2 using the 7-d CO-Synch + CIDR protocol. Females in each treatment that exhibited estrus by 66 h were inseminated at 66 h, whereas AI was delayed 24 h (90 h after PGF2?) for females failing to exhibit estrus by 66 h. Females in treatment 1 received GnRH 66 h after PGF2? irrespective of estrus expression; however, in treatment 2, GnRH was administered coincident with delayed AI only to females not detected in estrus at 66 h. GnRH administered to estrus females at 66 h did not affect AI pregnancy rate; however delaying GnRH to 90 h for non-estrous females at 66 h improved estrous response for cows but not for heifers, with no effect on AI pregnancy rate. A third experiment evaluated pregnancy rates of heifers that failed to exhibit estrus by 90 h after PGF2? following treatment with the 14-d CIDR-PG protocol. Treatments were compared on the basis of whether or not GnRH was administered concurrent with AI, 90 h after PG. There was no effect of treatment on AI pregnancy rate. Collectively, these results indicate: 1) GnRH is not required among females that exhibit estrus prior to AI; 2) delayed administration of GnRH increases total estrous response in cows when STAI is practiced; and 3) GnRH is not required when STAI is practiced in conjunction with the 14-d CIDR-PG protocol in heifers.
Book Synopsis Effects of Pubertal Status and Number of Estrous Cycles Prior to Breeding in Beef Heifers, Average Daily Gain on Reproductive Performance and Comparison of Two Fixed Time AI Estrus Synchronization Protocols by : Rebecca A. Vraspir
Download or read book Effects of Pubertal Status and Number of Estrous Cycles Prior to Breeding in Beef Heifers, Average Daily Gain on Reproductive Performance and Comparison of Two Fixed Time AI Estrus Synchronization Protocols written by Rebecca A. Vraspir and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reproductive success is the most important factor in beef cattle production and is affected by timing of pubertal onset in heifers, and reproductive biotechnologies utilized. Three studies were conducted to evaluate the effects of pubertal status, ADG, and 2 fixed time AI protocols on reproductive success in beef heifers. In the first study, heifers that were pubertal prior to breeding had a greater AI and overall pregnancy rate; produced more calves born within the first 21 d of the calving season; and weaned older, heavier calves than non-pubertal heifers. Additionally, heifers that had ≥2 estrous cycles, prior to the first breeding season, had a greater second season pregnancy rate than those heifers that had 0 or 1 estrous cycles prior to the first breeding season. In the second study, as ADG increased leading up to breeding the odds of attaining puberty increased for Gudmundsen Sandhills Laboratory heifers. For West Central Research and Extension Center heifers, as ADG increased the odds of puberty attainment decreased. Odds of pregnancy were affected by BW gain and pubertal status interaction; however, pubertal status had the greatest influence on increasing the odds of pregnancy. In the third study, 2 progestin-based fixed time AI protocols, MGA and 14-d CIDR, were compared to evaluate pregnancy rates. Fixed time AI pregnancy rate and final pregnancy rate was similar between MGA and 14-d CIDR. An economic analysis suggested synchronizing heifers with MGA was a more cost-effective treatment.
Book Synopsis Development of Hormonal Protocals for Synchronization of Ovulation and Timed Artificial Insemination in Dairy Heifers by : Humberto Rivera
Download or read book Development of Hormonal Protocals for Synchronization of Ovulation and Timed Artificial Insemination in Dairy Heifers written by Humberto Rivera and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Effect of Follicle Age on Fertility in Beef Cattle by : Fernanda Martins de Abreu
Download or read book The Effect of Follicle Age on Fertility in Beef Cattle written by Fernanda Martins de Abreu and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: To increase the adoption of artificial insemination (AI) in cattle, timed-AI (TAI) programs in which AI is performed without the necessity of estrous detection, were developed. With the ability to manipulate the estrous cycle and follicular development concurrent with the enhancement of these approaches, much has been learned about the factors during follicular development that affect fertility. In some approaches, it has been clearly demonstrated that the diameter of the ovulatory follicle has a major effect on fertility. Others have shown that fertility is influenced by the length of proestrus. More recent data suggests that age of the ovulatory follicle may also impact fertility; however this has not been investigated in beef cattle. In the first experiment, age of ovulatory follicle and its effect on conception rate were investigated in beef heifers in Montana (MT) and Ohio (OH). The animal model used created a difference in follicle age of approximately 3 d between treatments ("young" follicle, YF; and "mature" follicle, MF). Ultrasonography was performed to assess follicular characteristics and development, and for pregnancy status. AI was performed approximately 12 h after onset of estrus. Interval to estrus was greater and follicle diameter at AI was smaller in the YF than in the MF treatment, however no difference was detected in conception rates. In the second experiment, the effect of ovulatory follicle age on pregnancy rate was investigated in beef cows in MT. Follicle age differed by approximately 3 d at the time of AI between treatments (YF and MF). Ultrasonography was performed throughout the experiment for follicular characteristics and pregnancy diagnosis. Estrous detection was performed for 3 d and 4 d in the MF and YF, respectively, followed by AI approximately 12 h later. Cows not detected in estrus during this period, received an injection of GnRH and TAI either at 72 h (MF) or 96 h (YF) after prostaglandin (PGF) administration. Follicle diameter at AI did not differ between treatments; however interval to estrus was greater in the YF than in the MF. Pregnancy rates were similar between treatments. Across treatments, pregnancy rate was greater in cows that were AI after estrus, than cows that received TAI. In conclusion, manipulation of ovulatory follicle age in beef cattle resulted in a longer interval to estrus (heifers and cows), and smaller follicle diameter at AI (heifers) in animals treated in a manner to result in ovulation of younger follicles, but age of the follicle at AI did not influence pregnancy rate. This data suggest that age of the ovulatory follicle is not a major contributor to variation in fertility in beef cattle.
Book Synopsis Comparison of Long-term Progestin-based Protocols to Synchronize Estrus in Beef Heifers by : Daniel A. Mallory
Download or read book Comparison of Long-term Progestin-based Protocols to Synchronize Estrus in Beef Heifers written by Daniel A. Mallory and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 89 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Experiment 1 evaluated two long-term progestin-based and controlled internal drug release estrus synchronization protocols to determine their potential to facilitate fixed-time artificial insemination in estrous cycling and prepubertal beef heifers. Conception to AI, AI pregnancy, and final pregnancy rates did not differ between treatments. Experiment 2 compared two long-term progestin-based estrus synchronization protocols to evaluate their potential to facilitate fixed-time artificial insemination in estrous cycling and prepubertal beef heifers. Estrous response after PG was greater among CIDR treated heifers compared to MGA treated heifers. Conception to AI, AI pregnancy, and final pregnancy rates did not differ between treatments. In summary, the long-term CIDR protocol compared favorably with the MGA protocol. Experiment 3 was conducted to compare pregnancy rates resulting from fixed-time AI after administration of either one of two long-term CIDR-based protocols. CIDR-GnRH-PG and CIDR-PG treated heifers were fixed-time inseminated at 72 or 66 hr after PG, respectively. Fixed-time AI pregnancy rates tended to be higher among CIDR-PG compared to CIDR-GnRH-PG treated heifers. Final pregnancy rates did not differ between treatments. In summary, both long-term progestin-based protocols were effective in synchronizing estrus prior to fixed-time AI in beef heifers.
Book Synopsis An Analysis of Body Condition Scores, Ultrasonographic Fat Thickness, and the Interaction Between the Two on Conception Rates in Yearling Cross-bred Heifers by : Cary Crow
Download or read book An Analysis of Body Condition Scores, Ultrasonographic Fat Thickness, and the Interaction Between the Two on Conception Rates in Yearling Cross-bred Heifers written by Cary Crow and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Evaluation of Long-term CIDR-based Estrus Synchronization Protocols in Primiparous Two-year-old Beef Cows by : Jillian Mae Abel
Download or read book Evaluation of Long-term CIDR-based Estrus Synchronization Protocols in Primiparous Two-year-old Beef Cows written by Jillian Mae Abel and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Development and comparison of strategies designed to enhance reproductive management of primiparous two-year-old beef cows coincide with the recent increase in heifer retention and the significant number of younger age females that are now entering the U.S. cow herd. Reproductive management of primiparous two-year-old cows presents a unique challenge in managing a beef herd, since this age group of females typically experiences the highest incidence of reproductive failure. Strategic management of replacement beef heifers and primiparous cows is necessary to ensure their continued long-term reproductive success, which provides the opportunity for beef producers to increase retention rates, reduce input costs, and ultimately enhance production efficiency. Estrus synchronization and artificial insemination (AI) are important management tools available to producers that facilitate genetic improvement and enhance reproductive efficiency. A list of recommended protocols may be used to facilitate fixed-time AI (FTAI) in beef cows and heifers, and we now know that specific protocols perform better among various age classes of females. Short-term controlled internal drug release (CIDR)-based protocols are currently the preferred method to synchronize estrus prior to FTAI in postpartum beef cows. Alternatively, long-term CIDR-based protocols have been used with greater success in beef heifers. Progestin-based estrus synchronization protocols offer the potential to induce estrous cyclicity in anestrous postpartum cows and advance conception date. Experiment 1 was designed to compare the 14-d CIDR-PG (14-d) and 7-d CO-Synch + CIDR (7-d) protocols on the basis of estrous response, pregnancy rates after fixed-time AI (FTAI), and final pregnancy in primiparous two-year-old cows. Cows assigned to 14-d (n = 355) received a CIDR insert on Day 0 with removal on Day 14. Cows assigned to 7-d (n = 349) received GnRH and CIDR inserts on Day 23. On Day 30 CIDRs were removed from 7-d cows and PGF2[alpha] was administered to all cows in each treatment. On Day 33, 66 and 72 h after PGF2[alpha], GnRH was administered concurrent with FTAI. Estrous response at FTAI was higher for 7-d compared to 14-d cows (74% vs 43%, respectively; P
Book Synopsis Calf and Heifer Rearing by : Philip C. Garnsworthy
Download or read book Calf and Heifer Rearing written by Philip C. Garnsworthy and published by Nottingham Trent University. This book was released on 2005-01-01 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume considers every aspect of calf rearing, from physiological principles to practical systems. Topics include physiology of growth and digestion, nutrient requirements, health and welfare, and lifetime performance. More than half the authors are from outside the UK and all are acknowledged as international experts in their field. This book is aimed at technical advisers, researchers, extension workers, veterinary practitioners, progressive farmers, academics and students.
Download or read book California Agriculture written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Current and Future Reproductive Technologies and World Food Production by : G. Cliff Lamb
Download or read book Current and Future Reproductive Technologies and World Food Production written by G. Cliff Lamb and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-10-29 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses the impacts of current and future reproductive technologies on our world food production and provides a significant contribution to the importance of research in the area of reproductive physiology that has never been compiled before. It would provide a unique opportunity to separate the impacts of how reproductive technologies have affected different species and their contributions to food production. Lastly, no publication has been compiled that demonstrates the relationship between developments in reproductive management tools and food production that may be used a reference for scientists in addressing future research areas. During the past 50 years assisted reproductive technologies have been developed and refined to increase the number and quality of offspring from genetically superior farm animal livestock species. Artificial insemination (AI), estrous synchronization and fixed-time AI, semen and embryo cryopreservation, multiple ovulation and embryo transfer (MOET), in vitro fertilization, sex determination of sperm or embryos, and nuclear transfer are technologies that are used to enhance the production efficiency of livestock species.
Book Synopsis Training Manual for Embryo Transfer in Cattle by : George E. Seidel
Download or read book Training Manual for Embryo Transfer in Cattle written by George E. Seidel and published by Australian Geographic. This book was released on 1991 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Reproductive Technologies in Farm Animals, 2nd Edition by : Ian Gordon
Download or read book Reproductive Technologies in Farm Animals, 2nd Edition written by Ian Gordon and published by CABI. This book was released on 2017-06-23 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Building on the successful structure of the first edition, the second edition of Reproductive Technologies in Farm Animals has been totally updated and revised to provide an up to date account of the key techniques employed in manipulating reproduction in farm animals, including beef and dairy cattle, pigs, sheep, goats, buffaloes, camelids, horses and poultry. A classic introductory text to the subject, the book is based on a comprehensive review of the current literature. This text remains key reading for students in animal science, agriculture, veterinary medicine and biology, and veterinary practitioners and farmers who wish to keep updated on developments in techniques that may be useful in their daily practice.
Download or read book Bibliography of Agriculture written by and published by . This book was released on 1992-08 with total page 790 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Animal Agriculture by : Fuller W. Bazer
Download or read book Animal Agriculture written by Fuller W. Bazer and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-10-25 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Animal Agriculture: Sustainability, Challenges and Innovations discusses the land-based production of high-quality protein by livestock and poultry and how it plays an important role in improving human nutrition, growth and health. With exponential growth of the global population and marked rises in meat consumption per capita, demands for animal-source protein are expected to increase 72% between 2013 and 2050. This raises concerns about the sustainability and environmental impacts of animal agriculture. An attractive solution to meeting increasing needs for animal products and mitigating undesirable effects of agricultural practices is to enhance the efficiency of animal growth, reproduction, and lactation. Currently, there is no resource that offers specific knowledge of both animal science and technology, including biotechnology for the sustainability of animal agriculture for the expanding global demand of food in the face of diminishing resources. This book fills that gap, giving readers all the necessary information on important issues facing modern animal agriculture, namely its sustainability, challenges and innovative solutions. - Integrates new knowledge in animal breeding, biotechnology, nutrition, reproduction and management - Addresses the urgent issue of sustainability in modern animal agriculture - Provides practical solutions on how to solve the current and future problems that face animal agriculture worldwide
Book Synopsis Bovine Medicine by : Anthony H. Andrews
Download or read book Bovine Medicine written by Anthony H. Andrews and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-15 with total page 1233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bovine Medicine provides practical and comprehensive information oncattle disease and production and is a key reference for all largeanimal vets. Since the first edition was published in 1991 therehave been significant improvements in disease control andmanagement of cattle. Almost all parts of the book have beenupdated and completely rewritten. There are new chapters onsurgery, embryo transfer, artificial insemination, ethno-veterinarymedicine and biosecurity, and a new consolidating chapter on theinteraction between the animal, environment, management anddisease. The previous edition has sold all over the world, and as aresult of this a greater emphasis has been placed on conditions andtheir treatment in areas other than temperate regions. A newsection entitled "Global Variation in Cattle Practice" has beenincluded with contributors discussing bovine medicine practice intheir part of the world. All in all this is an outstanding resource for any practisingvet and an excellent reference for veterinary students.
Download or read book Agrindex written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 1304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
