Read Books Online and Download eBooks, EPub, PDF, Mobi, Kindle, Text Full Free.
Ecological Efficient And Low Carbon Cereal Legume Intercropping Systems
Download Ecological Efficient And Low Carbon Cereal Legume Intercropping Systems full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Ecological Efficient And Low Carbon Cereal Legume Intercropping Systems ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Book Synopsis Ecological, efficient and low-carbon cereal-legume intercropping systems by : Lingyang Feng
Download or read book Ecological, efficient and low-carbon cereal-legume intercropping systems written by Lingyang Feng and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-09-28 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Investigating Resource Competition in Cereal-legume Intercropping Systems by : William Nelson
Download or read book Investigating Resource Competition in Cereal-legume Intercropping Systems written by William Nelson and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intercropping has long been a key crop production strategy for low input farming systems, such as those of smallholders, and organic farmers, where two or more crops are used to allow for the complementary use of resources, such as light, water, and nutrients. Although some intercropping systems have shown success, our understanding of them is not fully complete. The increasing need to utilise ecosystem resources as efficiently as possible demands a more comprehensive understanding, in particular as large-scale, high production farming systems begin to show interest in mixed specie crop pro...
Book Synopsis Water use efficiency of arable and grassland crops in legume-based intercropping systems by : Annika Meißner
Download or read book Water use efficiency of arable and grassland crops in legume-based intercropping systems written by Annika Meißner and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2021 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Legume-based intercropping systems have the potential for a more efficient use of water resources. This depends on various factors such as environmental conditions and genotypic characteristics. Therefore, several genotypes of legumes and non-legumes of arable, grassland and woody crops were tested comparing intercropping and pure stands under both greenhouse and field conditions. Greenhouse experiments with winter faba bean and winter wheat under water deficit revealed genotypic differences in the suitability for intercropping as well as effects on the microbial community. Field experiments with direct and remote measurements showed that including legumes in arable and grassland low-input systems improves water use efficiency and productivity in comparison to pure non-legumes. The grassland mixing partners perennial ryegrass and chicory had additional effects. Furthermore, arable intercropping reduced nitrous oxide emissions compared to fertilized wheat stands. From the consolidated results, some winter faba bean and white clover genotypes could be identified for further breeding for intercropping systems. In summary, intercropping with legumes improves the water use efficiency and the general performance and sustainability of the agro-ecosystem.
Book Synopsis Research Methods for Cereal/legume Intercropping by : S. R. Waddington
Download or read book Research Methods for Cereal/legume Intercropping written by S. R. Waddington and published by CIMMYT. This book was released on 1990 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Evaluating Intercropping Systems as a Sustainable Agroecosystem Alternative to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions by : Marianne Ricord
Download or read book Evaluating Intercropping Systems as a Sustainable Agroecosystem Alternative to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions written by Marianne Ricord and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sole crops are commonly used in the most productive agricultural area in Argentina, the Pampas, and represent the biggest land-area in the country, and the most responsible for the release of greenhouse gas emissions to the atmosphere. For this reason, the Government has adopted sustainable practices such as intercropping systems (e.g., cereal-legume) to increase soil organic carbon and soil organic matter. An increase in soil organic matter has proven to capture greater amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2), a threatening greenhouse gas for climate change. In addition, it has shown to decrease nitrogen losses in the form of nitrous oxide (N2O), which is more potent than CO2. Agricultural soils are the main contributor to increased atmospheric nitrous oxide (N2O) concentrations with negative impacts on global climate. In Latin America, Argentina has been enlisted as one of the highest emitters of N2O emissions. In fact, almost half of their emissions originate from cropping systems, especially, sole crops, which tend to lose higher soil organic carbon. Cereal-legume intercrops are beneficial due to the complementary and simultaneous usage of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) that helps to promote greater storage of C and reduce N losses. Due to the positive cycling of both elements in the intercrops, this helps to store C and N more effectively and reduce greenhouse gases in the soil in the long term, making them more sustainable and beneficial with respect to climate change. Although intercropping systems have shown a vast array of benefits there is still an urge to evidence that intercrop systems can reduce both CO2 and N2O emissions compared to sole crop systems. The objective of this study was to determine the capacity of a cereal-legume intercrop to lower both greenhouse gases under nitrifying and denitrifying conditions, compared to a cereal and legume sole crop. Results showed that mean CO2 emissions in the nitrification ranged from 1.77 to 2.22 mg CO2-C g-1 h-1 in the fertilized group while in the unfertilized group ranged from 1.61 to 1.92 mg CO2-C g-1 h-1. Conversely, N2O emissions in the nitrification ranged from 0.48 to 1.64 [mu]g N2O-N g-1 h-1. in the fertilized group to 0.43 to 0.56 [mu]g N2O-N g-1 h-1 in the unfertilized group. Under nitrification conditions (60% water-filled-pore-space) in the fertilized group, the maize sole crop and intercrop mean N2O emissions were 1.64 and 0.48 [mu]g N2O-N g-1 h-1, respectively. The CO2 mean emissions favoured by the nitrification in the maize sole crop, soybean sole crop, and intercrop were 2.22, 1.77, and 2.20 mg CO2-C g-1 h-1, respectively. Nonetheless, throughout the 48 hours of the incubation experiment, these results were not significantly different. Meanwhile, under denitrification conditions mean N2O emissions of soybean sole crop (80% water-filled-pore-space) resulted in 12.74 [mu]g N2O-N g-1 h-1 and were higher than maize sole crop and intercrop (12.28 and 9.37 [mu]g N2O-N g-1 h-1, respectively). Overall, the emissions followed lower increases of N2O under the influence of intercropping systems in both nitrification and denitrification processes. In the nitrification, however, maize sole crops had a greater soil ammonium concentration (5.82 g N gdw-1) which seem to explain higher N2O emissions compared to intercrop systems (5.51 g N gdw-1). Nitrate concentrations under nitrification were the lowest in the intercrops (1.18 g N gdw-1) and the highest in soybean sole crop (1.27 g N gdw-1), which suggests that the nitrification in the latter was occurring at faster rates than in intercrops, thus reducing emissions overall in intercrops. Greenhouse gas emissions were highly correlated to nitrifying genes indicating that the apparent source of emissions are promoted by nitrifying microbial functional genes. Although there is an evident linkage between N2O emissions and microbial abundance, the microbial functionality needs to be further analyzed to confirm that the actual microbial source of N2O emissions under nitrification conditions was of the nitrifying group. Moreover, isotopic measurements would elucidate the contribution of these greenhouse gases and would deliver a better understanding of the contribution of both C and N in CO2 and N2O emissions. In order to assess intercrop systems in terms of C storage and CO2 reduction, long-term studies are needed (e.g., more than 10 years). Nonetheless, this study evidenced that intercropping systems are effectively reducing N2O emissions and that have the potential to sustainably abate one of the most potent greenhouse gases that contribute to climate change.
Book Synopsis Legumes for Soil Health and Sustainable Management by : Ram Swaroop Meena
Download or read book Legumes for Soil Health and Sustainable Management written by Ram Swaroop Meena and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-07-06 with total page 541 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sustainable management of soils is an important global issue of the 21st century. Feeding roughly 8 billion people with an environmentally sustainable production system is a major challenge, especially considering the fact that 10% of the world’s population at risk of hunger and 25% at risk of malnutrition. Accordingly, the 68th United Nations (UN) general assembly declared 2016 the “International Year of Pulses” to raise awareness and to celebrate the role of pulses in human nutrition and welfare. Likewise, the assembly declared the year 2015 as the “International Year of Soils” to promote awareness of the role of “healthy soils for a healthy life” and the International Union of Soil Science (IUSS) has declared 2015-2024 as the International Decade of Soils. Including legumes in cropping systems is an important toward advancing soil sustainability, food and nutritional security without compromising soil quality or its production potential. Several textbooks and edited volumes are currently available on general soil fertility or on legumes but‚ to date‚ none have been dedicated to the study of “Legumes for Soil Health and Sustainable Management”. This is important aspect, as the soil, the epidermis of the Earth (geoderma)‚ is the major component of the terrestrial biosphere. This book explores the impacts of legumes on soil health and sustainability, structure and functioning of agro-ecosystems, agronomic productivity and food security, BNF, microbial transformation of soil N and P, plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria, biofertilizers, etc. With the advent of fertilizers, legumes have been sidelined since World War II, which has produced serious consequences for soils and the environment alike. Therefore, legume-based rational cropping/soil management practices must support environmentally and economically sustainable agroecosystems based on (sequential) rotation and intercropping considerations to restore soil health and sustainability. All chapters are amply illustrated with appropriately placed data, tables, figures, and photographs, and supported with extensive and cutting-edge references. The editors have provided a roadmap for the sustainable development of legumes for food and nutritional security and soil sustainability in agricultural systems, offering a unique resource for teachers, researchers, and policymakers, as well as undergraduate and graduate students of soil science, agronomy, ecology, and the environmental sciences.
Book Synopsis The productivity and profitability of intercropping in rabi cereal, legume, oilseeds, and spices under rice (Oryza sativa L.) based cropping system by : Manish Kumar Singh
Download or read book The productivity and profitability of intercropping in rabi cereal, legume, oilseeds, and spices under rice (Oryza sativa L.) based cropping system written by Manish Kumar Singh and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2013-04-26 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Master's Thesis from the year 2010 in the subject Agrarian Studies, , course: M. Sc. (Agriculture), language: English, abstract: Rice farmers are mostly involved in monoculture practices. This deprives the land for growing other food crops. Hence, a better alternative of mono/sole cropping is required to overcome this shortcoming. Therefore, a shift from mono cropping to inter/multiple cropping as an excellent strategy for intensifying land use and increasing income and production per unit area and time is appreciated. Keeping this view in mind, the experiment was conducted during the Kharif and Rabi seasons of 2009-10 at University Research cum Instructional Farm, IGKV, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India. The major objectives were to assess the production potential and economic viability of different rabi intercropping under rice based cropping systems and to identify the suitable/ remunerative rice based cropping systems with vegetables and oilseeds intercrops.
Book Synopsis Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Mitigation: Microbes, Mechanisms and Modeling by : Baoli Zhu
Download or read book Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Mitigation: Microbes, Mechanisms and Modeling written by Baoli Zhu and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2024-05-29 with total page 115 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Currently, the global average temperature is projected to increase by 0.2 °C per decade due to past and ongoing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. To limit global warming to 1.5 °C above pre-industrial levels, not only does carbon dioxide (CO2) emission need to reach net zero around 2050, but the emissions of other GHGs also have to reduce substantially. Nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) are very important GHGs, and their global warming potentials are 300 and 25 times that of CO2 over a 100-year time scale. Since pre-industrial times, atmospheric N2O concentrations have increased by more than 20%, and CH4 concentrations have nearly tripled to the current 1900 ppb. Studies have suggested that the ongoing increase of atmospheric N2O and CH4 emissions is mostly attributed to microbial activities.
Book Synopsis Advances in Legumes for Sustainable Intensification by : Ram Swaroop Meena
Download or read book Advances in Legumes for Sustainable Intensification written by Ram Swaroop Meena and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2022-06-29 with total page 730 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Legume-based Agroecoystem for Sustainable Intensification explores current research and future strategies for ensuring capacity growth and socioeconomic improvement through the utilization of legume crop cultivation and production in the achievement of sustainability development goals (SDGs). Sections cover the role of legumes in addressing issues of food security, improving nitrogen in the environment, environmental sustainability, economic-environmentally optimized systems, the importance and impact of nitrogen, organic production, and biomass potential, legume production, biology, breeding improvement, cropping systems, and the use of legumes for eco-friendly weed management. This book is an important resource for scientists, researchers and advanced students interested in championing the effective utilization of legumes for agronomic and ecological benefit. - Focuses on opportunities for agricultural impact and sustainability - Presents insights into both agricultural sustainability and eco-intensification - Includes the impact of legume production on societal impacts such as health and wealth management
Book Synopsis Efficiency of Soil and Fertilizer Phosphorus Use by : John Keith Syers
Download or read book Efficiency of Soil and Fertilizer Phosphorus Use written by John Keith Syers and published by Fao Fertilizer and Plant Nutri. This book was released on 2008 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The efficient use of phosphorus (P) is essential to many agricultural and environmental issues. This bulletin reviews, analyses and synthesizes information on the efficient use of soil and fertilizer P. It presents information on the plant availability of soil and fertilizer P, with an emphasis on soil plant interactions. The focus is on the changing concepts of the behaviour of both soil and fertilizer P and on the need to define and assess their recovery and, thus, P-use efficiency more appropriately.
Book Synopsis Weed Ecology and New Approaches for Management by : Anna Kocira
Download or read book Weed Ecology and New Approaches for Management written by Anna Kocira and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-09-08 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Satisfying consumer needs through the production of healthy and nutritious agricultural products is a substantial challenge facing modern agriculture. However, agricultural production should be carried out with care for plant health, biological safety of products, and environmental safety while minimizing the risks to human health. Therefore, the implementation of agricultural practices while respecting these principles is very important for improving the quantity and quality of crops. Additionally, ecosystems have been altered as a result of human activities and climate change, resulting in the reduction of biodiversity and creation of new niches where pests can thrive. This is of particular importance in 2020, as the United Nations General Assembly declared this year as the International Year of Plant Health (IYPH), with “protecting plants, protecting life” as a leading subject. This Special Issue promotes the subject of plant health and emphasize the importance of preventing the spread of pests, including weeds, which cause substantial economic losses. Research articles cover topics related to the biology and harmfulness of weeds, particularly in connection with crop health, segetal weed communities and their biodiversity, and integrated methods of weed control. For this Special Issue, we welcome all types of articles, including original research, opinions, and reviews.
Download or read book Crop Ecology written by David J. Connor and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-04-28 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Food security and environmental conservation are two of the greatest challenges facing the world today. It is predicted that food production must increase by at least 70% before 2050 to support continued population growth, though the size of the world's agricultural area will remain essentially unchanged. This updated and thoroughly revised second edition provides in-depth coverage of the impact of environmental conditions and management on crops, resource requirements for productivity and effects on soil resources. The approach is explanatory and integrative, with a firm basis in environmental physics, soils, physiology and morphology. System concepts are explored in detail throughout the book, giving emphasis to quantitative approaches, management strategies and tactics employed by farmers, and associated environmental issues. Drawing on key examples and highlighting the role of science, technology and economic conditions in determining management strategies, this book is suitable for agriculturalists, ecologists and environmental scientists.
Book Synopsis Sustainable Cropping Systems by : Jeffrey A. Coulter
Download or read book Sustainable Cropping Systems written by Jeffrey A. Coulter and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-05-21 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global crop production must substantially increase to meet the needs of a rapidly growing population. This is constrained by the availability of nutrients, water, and land. There is also an urgent need to reduce the negative environmental impacts of crop production. Collectively, these issues represent one of the greatest challenges of the twenty-first century. Sustainable cropping systems based on ecological principles are the core of integrated approaches to solve this critical challenge. This special issue provides an international basis for revealing the underlying mechanisms of sustainable cropping systems to drive agronomic innovations. It includes review and original research articles that report novel scientific findings on improvement in cropping systems related to crop yields and their resistance to biotic and abiotic stressors, resource use efficiency, environmental impact, sustainability, and ecosystem services.
Book Synopsis Sustainable Intensification by : Jules N. Pretty
Download or read book Sustainable Intensification written by Jules N. Pretty and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-06-25 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Continued population growth, rapidly changing consumption patterns and the impacts of climate change and environmental degradation are driving limited resources of food, energy, water and materials towards critical thresholds worldwide. These pressures are likely to be substantial across Africa, where countries will have to find innovative ways to boost crop and livestock production to avoid becoming more reliant on imports and food aid. Sustainable agricultural intensification - producing more output from the same area of land while reducing the negative environmental impacts - represents a solution for millions of African farmers. This volume presents the lessons learned from 40 sustainable agricultural intensification programmes in 20 countries across Africa, commissioned as part of the UK Government's Foresight project. Through detailed case studies, the authors of each chapter examine how to develop productive and sustainable agricultural systems and how to scale up these systems to reach many more millions of people in the future. Themes covered include crop improvements, agroforestry and soil conservation, conservation agriculture, integrated pest management, horticulture, livestock and fodder crops, aquaculture, and novel policies and partnerships.
Book Synopsis Climate Change and Legumes by : Mohammad Zabed Hossain
Download or read book Climate Change and Legumes written by Mohammad Zabed Hossain and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2023-05-23 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global climate change has created unprecedented challenges for human civilization due to its widespread adverse consequences, including a reduction in crop yield and threatening food security across the globe. Among the crop plants, legumes have great potential for ameliorating global warming since they can reduce carbon emissions by lowering reliance on the application of chemical fertilizers, by increasing nitrification and carbon sequestration in soil, and by providing protein-rich diets to both humans and livestock. This book identifies the extent of climate-induced stresses on legume plants and focuses on achieving food security through sustainable agricultural practices. This book compiles recent research findings and reviews on climate-related problems, the potential of legumes in ameliorating the impacts of climate change, as well as better management of agricultural land and practices for achieving environmental sustainability and food security. This book will serve as guidelines for scientists, agricultural practitioners, and policymakers working to achieve food security and better management of climate-induced stresses in agricultural interventions. It will also be useful as a reference book for researchers and students of both graduate and postgraduate levels. Furthermore, this book will provide enhanced knowledge about the mechanisms of yield and stress tolerance of legumes as well as developing climate-smart crops and improving cropping systems for a sustainable environment and food security. Features of the book Reviews trends of global climate change and its consequences for food security across the continents Identifies the challenges and scopes of cultivating legumes in achieving food security in the context of global climate change Focuses on the improvements of legume production through conservation approaches in agricultural practices and modern techniques, including omics-based breeding, biotechnology, genetic engineering, and rhizobium technology Discusses the sustainable amelioration options for soils affected by climate-induced stresses Cites examples of applications of rhizobium technologies in reducing greenhouse gas emission Describes pathways associated with yield, resistance, and tolerance of legumes to climate-induced stresses
Book Synopsis Legume Nitrogen Fixation in Soils with Low Phosphorus Availability by : Saad Sulieman
Download or read book Legume Nitrogen Fixation in Soils with Low Phosphorus Availability written by Saad Sulieman and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-06-10 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thoughtful and provocative book provides a concise, up-to-date presentation of how current and projected future phosphorus scarcity will affect legume growth and their symbiotic nitrogen-fixing capabilities. It is a timely examination of the physiological and molecular responses of nodules to phosphorous deficiency in attempt to identify common principles. Students and researchers in the many disciplines related to crop productivity will find this title an exciting contribution in the area of plant stress physiology. The knowledge in this volume can also aid plant breeders, particularly through new methods of genetic engineering, in developing unique and adaptive cultivars with higher symbiotic efficiency. The awareness of the rapidly rising world population must translate into a parallel increase in agricultural production in order to sustain the growing population both now and in the future. Hence, the demand for food crops to produce proteins and vegetable oil for human consumption is going to increase considerably during the coming years. The essential role of legumes in agriculture is well-recognized, given the abundant levels of proteins and oils found in plants along with their enormous contribution to the sustainability of agricultural systems and human health. The capacity of legumes to fix nitrogen (N2) in partnership with rhizobia provides an input-saving and resource-conserving alternative, thereby reducing the need for chemical fertilizers while enhancing overall crop productivity. The use of N2-fixing legumes to produce plant proteins results in a substantial decrease in the consumption of fossil fuels and therefore also in the agricultural effects to global warming. However, a major constraint to legume production is low soil phosphorus (P) availability, considering that an overwhelming majority of the world’s soils are classified as P-deficient. Low-P availability is especially problematic for legumes, since legume nodules responsible for N2 fixation have a high P requirement. Therefore, this book explains how nodule N2 fixation responds to low P availability, which is crucial for improving legume production and maintaining agricultural sustainability in the context of the global P crisis.
Book Synopsis The Performance of Cereal-legume Intercrops in a Low Input Farming System by : Muhammad N.A. Raja
Download or read book The Performance of Cereal-legume Intercrops in a Low Input Farming System written by Muhammad N.A. Raja and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
