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Earths Biosphere
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Book Synopsis Earth’s Biosphere by : Charles Hofer
Download or read book Earth’s Biosphere written by Charles Hofer and published by The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc. This book was released on 2018-07-15 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The biosphere refers to the parts of Earth where life exists or where known life has existed in the past. The biosphere is comprised of the atmosphere, geosphere, and hydrosphere because life exists in each of those three spheres, from birds in the sky to fish in the water to worms in the dirt. Food chains represent interconnected life cycles in the biosphere. Energy is transferred from one organism to the next and, as apex predators die, nutrients are returned to the soil. Readers will learn how people affect the biosphere and how life and energy are maintained in the biosphere.
Book Synopsis Earth's Earliest Biosphere by : J. William Schopf
Download or read book Earth's Earliest Biosphere written by J. William Schopf and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 543 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Description for this book, Earth's Earliest Biosphere: Its Origin and Evolution, will be forthcoming.
Book Synopsis Harvesting the Biosphere by : Vaclav Smil
Download or read book Harvesting the Biosphere written by Vaclav Smil and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2012-12-21 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An interdisciplinary and quantitative account of human claims on the biosphere's stores of living matter, from prehistoric hunting to modern energy production. The biosphere—the Earth's thin layer of life—dates from nearly four billion years ago, when the first simple organisms appeared. Many species have exerted enormous influence on the biosphere's character and productivity, but none has transformed the Earth in so many ways and on such a scale as Homo sapiens. In Harvesting the Biosphere, Vaclav Smil offers an interdisciplinary and quantitative account of human claims on the biosphere's stores of living matter, from prehistory to the present day. Smil examines all harvests—from prehistoric man's hunting of megafauna to modern crop production—and all uses of harvested biomass, including energy, food, and raw materials. Without harvesting of the biomass, Smil points out, there would be no story of human evolution and advancing civilization; but at the same time, the increasing extent and intensity of present-day biomass harvests are changing the very foundations of civilization's well-being. In his detailed and comprehensive account, Smil presents the best possible quantifications of past and current global losses in order to assess the evolution and extent of biomass harvests. Drawing on the latest work in disciplines ranging from anthropology to environmental science, Smil offers a valuable long-term, planet-wide perspective on human-caused environmental change.
Download or read book The Biosphere written by Gregory Vogt and published by Twenty-First Century Books. This book was released on 2006-12-28 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes the attributes of the biosphere, the animal and plant life that live in the biosphere, and how fragile and dynamic it is.
Author :Vladimir I. Vernadsky Publisher :Springer Science & Business Media ISBN 13 :1461217504 Total Pages :178 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (612 download)
Book Synopsis The Biosphere by : Vladimir I. Vernadsky
Download or read book The Biosphere written by Vladimir I. Vernadsky and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Vladimir Vernadsky was a brilliant and prescient scholar-a true scientific visionary who saw the deep connections between life on Earth and the rest of the planet and understood the profound implications for life as a cosmic phenomenon." -DAVID H. GRINSPOON, AUTHOR OF VENUS REVEALED "The Biosphere should be required reading for all entry level students in earth and planetary sciences." -ERIC D. SCHNEIDER, AUTHOR OF INTO THE COOL: THE NEW THERMODYNAMICS OF CREATIVE DESTRUCTION
Book Synopsis The Earth's Biosphere by : Vaclav Smil
Download or read book The Earth's Biosphere written by Vaclav Smil and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2003-08-11 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive overview of Earth's biosphere, written with scientific rigor and essay-like flair. In his latest book, Vaclav Smil tells the story of the Earth's biosphere from its origins to its near and long-term future. He explains the workings of its parts and what is known about their interactions. With essay-like flair, he examines the biosphere's physics, chemistry, biology, geology, oceanography, energy, climatology, and ecology, as well as the changes caused by human activity. He provides both the basics of the story and surprising asides illustrating critical but often neglected aspects of biospheric complexity. Smil begins with a history of the modern idea of the biosphere, focusing on the development of the concept by Russian scientist Vladimir Vernadsky. He explores the probability of life elsewhere in the universe, life's evolution and metabolism, and the biosphere's extent, mass, productivity, and grand-scale organization. Smil offers fresh approaches to such well-known phenomena as solar radiation and plate tectonics and introduces lesser-known topics such as the quarter-power scaling of animal and plant metabolism across body sizes and metabolic pathways. He also examines two sets of fundamental relationships that have profoundly influenced the evolution of life and the persistence of the biosphere: symbiosis and the role of life's complexity as a determinant of biomass productivity and resilience. And he voices concern about the future course of human-caused global environmental change, which could compromise the biosphere's integrity and threaten the survival of modern civilization.
Book Synopsis Earth’s Biosphere by : Charles Hofer
Download or read book Earth’s Biosphere written by Charles Hofer and published by The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc. This book was released on 2018-07-15 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The biosphere refers to the parts of Earth where life exists or where known life has existed in the past. The biosphere is comprised of the atmosphere, geosphere, and hydrosphere because life exists in each of those three spheres, from birds in the sky to fish in the water to worms in the dirt. Food chains represent interconnected life cycles in the biosphere. Energy is transferred from one organism to the next and, as apex predators die, nutrients are returned to the soil. Readers will learn how people affect the biosphere and how life and energy are maintained in the biosphere.
Book Synopsis Evolution of Early Earth's Atmosphere, Hydrosphere, and Biosphere by : Stephen E. Kesler
Download or read book Evolution of Early Earth's Atmosphere, Hydrosphere, and Biosphere written by Stephen E. Kesler and published by Geological Society of America. This book was released on 2006-01-01 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The history of Earth's early atmosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere, from Hadean through Proterozoic time, is one of geology's enduring puzzles. Ore deposits provide important insights into this history because they contain elements and minerals that are highly sensitive to the geochemical environment in which they form. Just what these minerals tell us remains a matter of considerable debate, however. When and how did life develop, an oxygen-rich atmosphere form, and sulfate dominate the ocean? This volume contains reports on these questions from both sides of the aisle for iron and manganese formations, uranium paleoplacers and hydrothermal deposits, and exhalative sulfides and oxides."--Publisher's website.
Book Synopsis Vegetation of the Earth and Ecological Systems of the Geo-biosphere by : Heinrich Walter
Download or read book Vegetation of the Earth and Ecological Systems of the Geo-biosphere written by Heinrich Walter and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phytomass and Primary Production of the Various Vegetational Zones and of the Entire Biosphere The biosphere is that thin layer at the earth's surface in which living organisms exist and biological cycling takes place. It includes the upper horizons of the soil in which plants root, the atmosphere near the ground, (insofar as organisms penetrate this space), and all the surface waters. More than 99% of the earth's biomass is phytomass, to which we shall limit our discussion. Amounts of phytomass are distinctly related to vegeta tional zones. Because accurate determination of phytomass and primary production is difficult, only gross estimates have been available until recently. However, in 1970, Bazilevich et al. published (in Russian) more accurate calculations, based on the rapidly accumulating literature, for the various thermal zones and bioclimatic regions of the earth. These authors calculated mean phyto mass and mean annual primary production for the various regions as dry mass (in tons) per hectare. On the basis of measurements of the areas covered by the individual regions, excluding rivers, lakes, glaciers, and permanent snow, total phytomass and total annual primary production for the various regions were obtained (see table). The sum of these figures is the phytomass and annual production of the land surface of the earth. In addition, the table gives corresponding data for the waters of the earth. The values involved are potential i. e. , they are based on natural vegetation uninfluenced by man.
Book Synopsis The Deep Hot Biosphere by : Thomas Gold
Download or read book The Deep Hot Biosphere written by Thomas Gold and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-12-01 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book sets forth a set of truly controversial and astonishing theories: First, it proposes that below the surface of the earth is a biosphere of greater mass and volume than the biosphere the total sum of living things on our planet's continents and in its oceans. Second, it proposes that the inhabitants of this subterranean biosphere are not plants or animals as we know them, but heat-loving bacteria that survive on a diet consisting solely of hydrocarbons that is, natural gas and petroleum. And third and perhaps most heretically, the book advances the stunning idea that most hydrocarbons on Earth are not the byproduct of biological debris ("fossil fuels"), but were a common constituent of the materials from which the earth itself was formed some 4.5 billion years ago. The implications are astounding. The theory proposes answers to often-asked questions: Is the deep hot biosphere where life originated, and do Mars and other seemingly barren planets contain deep biospheres? Even more provocatively, is it possible that there is an enormous store of hydrocarbons upwelling from deep within the earth that can provide us with abundant supplies of gas and petroleum? However far-fetched these ideas seem, they are supported by a growing body of evidence, and by the indisputable stature and seriousness Gold brings to any scientific debate. In this book we see a brilliant and boldly original thinker, increasingly a rarity in modern science, as he develops potentially revolutionary ideas about how our world works.
Book Synopsis Biospheres from Earth to Space by : Dorion Sagan
Download or read book Biospheres from Earth to Space written by Dorion Sagan and published by Enslow Publishers. This book was released on 1989 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes the earth biosphere as a closed ecological system and tells how humans are developing small-scale biospheres to allow them to live in space.
Book Synopsis The Four Spheres of Earth by : Paul Larson
Download or read book The Four Spheres of Earth written by Paul Larson and published by Teacher Created Materials. This book was released on 2015-09-20 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This nonfiction science reader will help fifth grade students gain science content knowledge while building their reading comprehension and literacy skills. This purposefully leveled text features hands-on, challenging science experiments and full-color images. Students will learn all about the four spheres of Earth through this engaging text that supports STEM education and is aligned to the Next Generation Science Standards. Important text features like a glossary and index will improve students close reading skills.
Download or read book The Cosmic Oasis written by Mark Williams and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2022-05-26 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Alone in the known universe the Earth glows bright with life, a unique cosmic oasis of biodiversity which is now under threat from our own actions. The Earth is a unique as a living planet, a cosmic oasis drifting in the vastness of barren space. It is strikingly and obviously different from our nearest heavenly neighbours, the Moon, Venus and Mars, in its thin skin of biology, extending from the surface for a few kilometres into the crust, and for a few tens of kilometres into the air. But how did this remarkable abundance and diversity of life arise? How has life survived over the enormous time frame of Earth's history? And does it continue to flourish now, especially with the growing pressure for space from humans? The Cosmic Oasis examines life on Earth, from our earliest interactions with animals and plants to our absolute domination of biology. It follows our developing understanding of life's origins, its remarkable complexity, and its interactions with the air, oceans and land. It also shows how patterns of diversity across the surface of the planet evolved, and how humans are now homogenising these, degrading both biodiversity and the space in which life can exist. Within this overall trend of loss there are some remarkable examples of survival, from the beneficial relationships between the gelada monkeys and wolves of the Ethiopian highlands, and the people and brown howler monkeys of Porte Allegre in Brazil, to interactions between you and your gut microbiome. Thoughout, the authors ask what these interactions can teach us about building a better relationship with nature, and consider how we might become stewards, rather than destructive exploiters, of the life around us.
Download or read book Earth's Biosphere written by Evan Blair and published by Larsen and Keller Education. This book was released on 2021-11-16 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The biosphere is a closed system which includes all the other ecosystems. It is a self-regulating system. It encompasses all living beings and their interaction with the elements of the lithosphere, hydrosphere, geosphere and atmosphere. The main characteristics of the biosphere are the continuous cycle of matter and the flow of solar energy. All of the living organisms of the biosphere depend on water. The biotic components of the biosphere are broadly classified into three categories, namely, primary producers, consumers and decomposers. The topics included in this book on biosphere are of utmost significance and bound to provide incredible insights to readers. Such selected concepts that redefine this discipline have been presented in it. This book is an essential guide for both academicians and those who wish to pursue this discipline further.
Download or read book The Green Marble written by David Turner and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2018-05-15 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Humans have difficulty thinking at the global scale. Yet as we come to understand our planet as a single, interconnected, complex system and encounter compelling evidence of human impact on Earth’s climate and biosphere, the need for a truly global effort is increasingly urgent. In this concise and accessible text, David P. Turner presents an overview of global environmental change and a synthesis of research and ideas from the rapidly evolving fields of earth system science and sustainability science that is suitable for anyone interested in humanity’s current predicaments and what we can do about them. The Green Marble examines Earth’s past, contemporary human disruption, and the prospects for global environmental governance. Turner emphasizes the functioning of the biosphere—the totality of life on Earth—including its influence on geologic history, its sensitivity to human impacts, and its possible role in ameliorating climate change. Relying on models of the earth system that synthesize vast amounts of monitoring information and recent research on biophysical processes, The Green Marble describes a range of scenarios for our planetary home, exploring the effects of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions and factors such as economic globalization. Turner juxtaposes cutting-edge ideas from both the geosciences and the social sciences to illustrate how humanity has arrived upon its current dangerous trajectory, and how we might pull back from the brink of civilization-challenging environmental change. Growing out of the author’s popular course on global environmental change, The Green Marble is accessible to non-science majors and provides a framework for understanding the complex relationship of humanity to the global environment.
Book Synopsis The Biosphere Rules by : Gregory Unruh
Download or read book The Biosphere Rules written by Gregory Unruh and published by . This book was released on 2019-03-26 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Earth System Analysis for Sustainability by : Hans-Joachim Schellnhuber
Download or read book Earth System Analysis for Sustainability written by Hans-Joachim Schellnhuber and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2004 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the complete story of the inseparably intertwined evolution of life and matter on earth, focussing on four major topics. It analyzes the driving forces behind global change and uses this knowledge to propose principles for global stewardship.
