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Vegetation Of The Earth And Ecological Systems Of The Geo Biosphere
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Book Synopsis Vegetation of the Earth and Ecological Systems of the Geo-biosphere by : Heinrich Walter
Download or read book Vegetation of the Earth and Ecological Systems of the Geo-biosphere written by Heinrich Walter and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phytomass and Primary Production of the Various Vegetational Zones and of the Entire Biosphere The biosphere is that thin layer at the earth's surface in which living organisms exist and biological cycling takes place. It includes the upper horizons of the soil in which plants root, the atmosphere near the ground, (insofar as organisms penetrate this space), and all the surface waters. More than 99% of the earth's biomass is phytomass, to which we shall limit our discussion. Amounts of phytomass are distinctly related to vegeta tional zones. Because accurate determination of phytomass and primary production is difficult, only gross estimates have been available until recently. However, in 1970, Bazilevich et al. published (in Russian) more accurate calculations, based on the rapidly accumulating literature, for the various thermal zones and bioclimatic regions of the earth. These authors calculated mean phyto mass and mean annual primary production for the various regions as dry mass (in tons) per hectare. On the basis of measurements of the areas covered by the individual regions, excluding rivers, lakes, glaciers, and permanent snow, total phytomass and total annual primary production for the various regions were obtained (see table). The sum of these figures is the phytomass and annual production of the land surface of the earth. In addition, the table gives corresponding data for the waters of the earth. The values involved are potential i. e. , they are based on natural vegetation uninfluenced by man.
Book Synopsis Vegetationszonen und Klima Engl by : Heinrich Walter
Download or read book Vegetationszonen und Klima Engl written by Heinrich Walter and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2002-08-07 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Zonobiome, desert, Tundra, Taiga, laurel, ecosystem, grassland, climate, forest, tropical, woodlands, rain.
Book Synopsis Walter’s Vegetation of the Earth by : Siegmar-Walter Breckle
Download or read book Walter’s Vegetation of the Earth written by Siegmar-Walter Breckle and published by Springer. This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vegetation, soil and climate are the most important components of ecological systems. This long-awaited fourth edition of the well-established textbook by Heinrich Walter summarizes our knowledge of the earth's ecology and constitutes the basis for a deeper understanding of the larger interrelations on a global scale. While Walter's general concept remains unchanged, the individual chapters have been completely revised, enlarged and updated. The author's intimate knowledge of practically all classes of plants and climatic zones allows him to describe the various ecological systems in close detail. This richly illustrated textbook is a must for every student in the plant sciences.
Book Synopsis Ecological Systems of the Geobiosphere by : Heinrich Walter
Download or read book Ecological Systems of the Geobiosphere written by Heinrich Walter and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Vegetation and Climate by : Siegmar-W. Breckle
Download or read book Vegetation and Climate written by Siegmar-W. Breckle and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vegetation, soil and climate are the most important components of ecological systems. The book presents a compact synthesis of our current knowledge of the ecology of the Earth and is thus the basis for understanding the major interrelationships in a global perspective. In the first part, with a rich endowment of illustrations and photographic material, the well-introduced book deals with the essential processes and operations on the Earth's surface that lead to the formation of the vegetation cover with its distinctive zonation. In the second part, the individual vegetation zones as large-scale ecosystems (i.e. zonobiomes of the biosphere) are consistently described comparatively according to certain criteria. In a short and compact form, the main characteristics and structures as well as examples of ecosystem processes are discussed. The large-scale ecosystems are also the basis and reference system for all anthropogenic changes that have drastically altered vegetation over the last millennia, but especially in the 20th century. This book is a translation of the original German 1st edition Vegetation und Klima by Siegmar-W. Breckle and M. Daud Rafiqpoor, published by Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature in 2019. The translation was done with the help of artificial intelligence (machine translation by the service DeepL.com). A subsequent human revision was done primarily in terms of content, so that the book will read stylistically differently from a conventional translation. Springer Nature works continuously to further the development of tools for the production of books and on the related technologies to support the authors. Authors Siegmar-W. Breckle long-time professor and head of the Department of Ecology at the University of Bielefeld (Germany). He continued the multi-volume work "Ecology of the Earth" by Heinrich Walter, published numerous articles and books on the ecology of many regions, especially the drylands combined with countless study trips around the globe. His research in deserts, tropics and high mountains is the basis for the corresponding chapters in this book. M. Daud Rafiqpoor, long-time research associate of the Academy of Sciences and Literature in Mainz and coordinator of two ecologically oriented long-term projects of this academy ("Three-dimensional Landscape Classification of the Tropics and Subtropics" and "Biodiversity in Change"). Numerous study trips in almost all tropical and subtropical mountains of the world. Publication of many papers and books on the geography and ecology of tropical and subtropical high mountains and Afghanistan.
Book Synopsis Ecological Systems of the Geobiosphere by : Heinrich Walter
Download or read book Ecological Systems of the Geobiosphere written by Heinrich Walter and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By the end of the last century, the only region in all of Europe where the natural vegetation remained untouched over large expanses was Eastern Europe. Information on the vegetation of this region however, remained mostly unavailable to western scientists although the ecological approach to botanical research originated in Eastern Europe. Heinrich Walter was born in Russia, studied Natural Sciences - with emphasis on botany - in Odessa and is familiar with all relevant Russian literature on ecology. This volume thus offers scientists worldwide a unique and comprehensive survey of all relevant research, including the mostly unknown literature published in Russian.
Book Synopsis Plant Ecophysiology by : Majeti Narasimha Vara Prasad
Download or read book Plant Ecophysiology written by Majeti Narasimha Vara Prasad and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1996-12-24 with total page 562 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Twenty-nine, prominent, international researchers provide contributions which deal with understanding the basic ecophysiological and molecular principles governing the functioning of plant systems in relation to their environment. Divided into two headings: biotic and abiotic; the first consists of abiotic, natural environmental factors--light, ultraviolet radiation, chilling and freezing, high temperatures, drought, flooding, salt and trace metals. The latter half presents anthropogenic aspects including allelochemicals, herbicides, polyamines, air pollutants, carbon dioxide, radioisotopes and fire.
Book Synopsis Temperate and Polar Zonobiomes of Northern Eurasia by : Heinrich Walter
Download or read book Temperate and Polar Zonobiomes of Northern Eurasia written by Heinrich Walter and published by Springer. This book was released on 1989 with total page 608 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Ecological Systems of the Geobiosphere by : Heinrich Walter
Download or read book Ecological Systems of the Geobiosphere written by Heinrich Walter and published by Springer. This book was released on 1989-08-17 with total page 581 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By the end of the last century, the only region in all of Europe where the natural vegetation remained untouched over large expanses was Eastern Europe. Information on the vegetation of this region however, remained mostly unavailable to western scientists although the ecological approach to botanical research originated in Eastern Europe. Heinrich Walter was born in Russia, studied Natural Sciences - with emphasis on botany - in Odessa and is familiar with all relevant Russian literature on ecology. This volume thus offers scientists worldwide a unique and comprehensive survey of all relevant research, including the mostly unknown literature published in Russian.
Book Synopsis Ecological Systems of the Geobiosphere by : Heinrich Walter
Download or read book Ecological Systems of the Geobiosphere written by Heinrich Walter and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Volume 1 of this four-volume series, ecological problems of a general nature were discussed from a global point of view. Familiarity with this is essential for a full understanding of the more specialized treatment in this and subsequent volumes, for no similar approach is to be found in other ecological handbooks for beginners. This present volume deals in detail with the special ecological relation ships of the tropical and subtropical zonobiomes I to III. Most ecologists proceed from the basis of their experience in the temperate zones of the northern hemisphere. As a result, many ecological writings show a certain one-sidedness and there is a danger that generalizations made will not be broadly applicable. To avoid this, particular emphasis is laid, in this vol urne, on the special ecological features and the characteristics of the trop ical and subtropical regions. More specifically, we deal not only with the relationship of the euclimatope to zonal soils and zonal vegetation, but also pay attention to azonal conditions shown in pedobiomes and in the altitudinal belts of mountains, the orobiomes. In this and the subsequent volumes the same simple scheme is followed in treating each zonobiome: 1. climate; 2. soils; 3. producers; 4. consum ers; 5. decomposers; 6. ecosystems; 7. sub division into biomes; 8. oro biomes; 9. pedobiomes and 10. zonoecotones. Where it has appeared expedient, however, we have occasionally deviated from this scheme (see Deserts D, F, G and H).
Download or read book Ecology written by Christian Leveque and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2003-01-10 with total page 490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Terrestrial Biosphere and Global Change by : Brian Walker
Download or read book The Terrestrial Biosphere and Global Change written by Brian Walker and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1999-03-25 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Summarises understanding of global change interactions with terrestrial ecosystems.
Book Synopsis Ecosystem Geography by : Robert G. Bailey
Download or read book Ecosystem Geography written by Robert G. Bailey and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-12-12 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The analysis and management of ecosystems rely increasingly on sound geographical knowledge. Ecosystem Geography is a landmark contribution which brings the geographer's tools - maps, scales, boundaries, and units - to the study of ecosystems. The author, a senior geographer and program manager with the U.S. Forest Service, has distilled more than two decades of research on ecosystem mapping and classification. His work has had a growing influence on how government and academic scientists are using ecological data to monitor biodiversity, manage land holdings, and interpret the results of climatic change. Ecosystem Geography features spectacular graphics, including diagrams, photographs, and abundant maps. It will be welcomed by ecologists, geographers, land and resource specialists, and anyone involved in the study of ecosystems.
Download or read book The Biosphere written by Ian K. Bradbury and published by John Wiley & Sons Incorporated. This book was released on 1994-04-01 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Biosphere Second Edition Ian K. Bradbury Department of Geography. University of Liverpool, UK The Biosphere provides a comprehensive introductory overview of functional, historical and geographical aspects of the 'living world'. It has been written particularly for first and second year students of geography and environmental science in higher education with little background in biology but whose interests in the environment and environmental problems requires some knowledge of organisms and ecosystems. The first part of the book provides an accessible introduction to life on earth, covering such key topics as levels of organization in the biosphere, the chemical make up of organisms and energy and life. The second part of the book emphasizes functional aspects of the biosphere, particularly the ways in which organisms acquire and process energy and materials and how these are transferred through ecological systems. Special attention is paid to 'applied' aspects, particularly crop and livestock production. The third part of the book provides an overview of the history of life on earth, emphasizing major evolutionary 'events' and their significance for the biosphere. This part begins with a consideration of life's origins and concludes with a section on the evolution of hominids. The fourth part of the book focuses on geographical aspects of the biosphere. The principles of species distribution are discussed and different approaches to the zonation of the biota are introduced. A final chapter deals with biodiversity, emphasizing its geographical variation. Throughout The Biosphere, the links between 'natural' processes and environmental issues such as pollution, climatic change and conservation are emphasized. The extensive use of cross referencing makes this book very helpful for the non specialist.
Book Synopsis The Geological Record of Ecological Dynamics by : National Research Council
Download or read book The Geological Record of Ecological Dynamics written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2005-02-13 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In order to answer important questions about ecosystems and biodiversity, scientists can look to the past geological recordâ€"which includes fossils, sediment and ice cores, and tree rings. Because of recent advances in earth scientists' ability to analyze biological and environmental information from geological data, the National Science Foundation and the U.S. Geological Survey asked a National Research Council (NRC) committee to assess the scientific opportunities provided by the geologic record and recommend how scientists can take advantage of these opportunities for the nation's benefit. The committee identified three initiatives for future research to be developed over the next decade: (1) use the geological record as a "natural laboratory" to explore changes in living things under a range of past conditions, (2) use the record to better predict the response of biological systems to climate change, and (3) use geologic information to evaluate the effects of human and non-human factors on ecosystems. The committee also offered suggestions for improving the field through better training, improved databases, and additional funding.
Book Synopsis ENVIRONMENTAL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION: EARTH SYSTEM by : Nikita Glazovsky
Download or read book ENVIRONMENTAL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION: EARTH SYSTEM written by Nikita Glazovsky and published by EOLSS Publications. This book was released on 2009-09-16 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental Structure And Function: Earth System is a component of Encyclopedia of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences in the global Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS), which is an integrated compendium of twenty one Encyclopedias. This volume contains several chapters, each of size 5000-30000 words, with perspectives, applications and extensive illustrations. It carries state-of-the-art knowledge in the fields of Environmental Structure and Function: Earth Systems and is aimed, by virtue of the several applications, at the following five major target audiences: University and College Students, Educators, Professional Practitioners, Research Personnel and Policy Analysts, Managers, and Decision Makers and NGOs.
Book Synopsis Geoecology: An Evolutionary Approach by : Richard Huggett
Download or read book Geoecology: An Evolutionary Approach written by Richard Huggett and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2002-09-11 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Animals, plants and soils interact with one another, with the terrestrial spheres, and with the rest of the Cosmos. On land, this rich interaction creates landscape systems or geoecosystems. Geoecology investigates the structure and function of geoecosystems, their components and their environment. The author develops a simple dynamic systems model, the `brash' equation, to form the conceptual framework for the book suggesting an `ecological' and `evolutionary' approach. Exploring internal of `ecological' interactions between geoecosystems and their near-surface environments - the atmosphere, hydrosphere, toposhere, and lithosphere - and external influences, both geological and cosmic, Geoecology presents geoecosystems as dynamic entities constantly responding to changes within themselves and their surroundings. An `evolutionary' view emerges of geoecological systems, and the animals, plants, and soils comprising them, providing a new way of thinking for the whole environmental complex and the rich web of interdependencies contained therein.
