Read Books Online and Download eBooks, EPub, PDF, Mobi, Kindle, Text Full Free.
Divertor Plasma Conditions And Their Effect On Carbon Migration In The Asdex Upgrade Tokamak
Download Divertor Plasma Conditions And Their Effect On Carbon Migration In The Asdex Upgrade Tokamak full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Divertor Plasma Conditions And Their Effect On Carbon Migration In The Asdex Upgrade Tokamak ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Book Synopsis Divertor Plasma Conditions and Their Effect on Carbon Migration in the ASDEX Upgrade Tokamak by : Leena Aho-Mantila
Download or read book Divertor Plasma Conditions and Their Effect on Carbon Migration in the ASDEX Upgrade Tokamak written by Leena Aho-Mantila and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Divertors play a critical role in power and particle exhaust and plasma-material interaction in tokamaks. Of particular concern is the release of impurities from the material components, which reduces the lifetime of the vessel wall and affects the fusion performance. Furthermore, impurities with low charge number can migrate and re-deposit forming potentially tritium-rich layers in the tokamak. Sophisticated numerical simulations are required to understand how the various complex and often nonlinear processes in the plasma boundary affect the divertor performance. This thesis investigates the plasma conditions and the migration of impurities in the divertor region, using numerical code packages with the most complete available description of the relevant physical processes. It is known from earlier studies that the codes have both weaknesses and uncertainties in their models, which limits our current predictive capabilities. In this thesis work, carbon injection experiments at the ASDEX Upgrade tokamak are modelled. The work assesses the present-day boundary plasma models and elucidates impurity migration processes by comparing the simulations with experimental data. The results show that both the local migration and the net erosion of carbon are sensitive to the divertor plasma conditions. Good agreement between the modelled and measured divertor plasma parameters is obtained for a limited operational regime at low density. In this regime, the measured carbon migration is also reproduced in the simulations, and it is shown to be significantly affected by the electric field and the collisionality of the plasma in the divertor region. A significant improvement in code-experiment agreement is obtained after drifts arising from electric and magnetic fields are included in both plasma and impurity simulations. At higher plasma densities, collisionless hot electrons are a potential explanation for the deficiencies observed when benchmarking the plasma models against experiments.
Book Synopsis Experimental Studies and Modeling of Divertor Plasma Detachment in H-Mode Discharges in the ASDEX Upgrade Tokamak by : Felix Reimold
Download or read book Experimental Studies and Modeling of Divertor Plasma Detachment in H-Mode Discharges in the ASDEX Upgrade Tokamak written by Felix Reimold and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Radiative Cooling of the Divertor Plasma with Argon and Nitrogen Seeding in the ASDEX Upgrade Tokamak by : Ferdinand Hitzler
Download or read book Radiative Cooling of the Divertor Plasma with Argon and Nitrogen Seeding in the ASDEX Upgrade Tokamak written by Ferdinand Hitzler and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Plasma Surface Interactions in Controlled Fusion Devices by :
Download or read book Plasma Surface Interactions in Controlled Fusion Devices written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 658 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Seventh Carolus Magnus Summer School on Plasma and Fusion Energy Physics by :
Download or read book Seventh Carolus Magnus Summer School on Plasma and Fusion Energy Physics written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Diverted Tokamak Carbon Screening by :
Download or read book Diverted Tokamak Carbon Screening written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plasma impurity content depends upon the impurity sources, fueling efficiency, and confinement. In JET [Joint European Torus], carbon is the primary impurity, and its fueling efficiency has been studied using methane gas injection and modeled with the SOL [scrape-off layer] codes: DIVIMP and EDGE2D. In this paper, EDGE2D modeling of similar AUG [ASDEX-Upgrade] experiments and projections to ITER are described. The parameters have been identified which govern the size scaling of carbon screening. Size scaling is complex. For carbon injected from the main chamber, the important factors include: the SOL temperature, the magnitude of the thermal force at the divertor entrance, and the parallel distance to the divertor. For carbon injected at the strike points, the intersection of the carbon ionization region with the region of strong thermal force determines the carbon fueling efficiency ITER projects to have much better carbon screening than JET. The ITER SOL is hotter so that main chamber carbon is ionized further from the separatrix making the calculated carbon fueling efficiency lower. Also, the carbon originating near the strike point has less chance of escaping the divertor by factors of about 100. The carbon sputtering is projected to be larger by similar factors, making the projected ITER core contamination similar to JET. However, that result is based upon the assumption that the wall materials have similar composition and behavior as observed on JET. A general result is that the core contamination at fixed total sputtering rate and core impurity confinement increases when the fraction of carbon ionized in the main chamber SOL increases, and decreases for larger machine size and higher density operation.
Book Synopsis Sputtering by Particle Bombardment by : Rainer Behrisch
Download or read book Sputtering by Particle Bombardment written by Rainer Behrisch and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-07-26 with total page 527 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a long-needed survey of new results. Especially welcome is a new summary of the measured and calculated sputtering yields with an algebraic approximation formula for the energy and angular dependence of the yields, which is useful for researchers who need sputtering yields for physics research or applied problems. The book offers a critical review of computational methods for calculating sputtering yields and also includes molecular dynamics calculations.
Download or read book ASDEX-upgrade written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Migration of Artificially Introduced Micron Size Carbon Dust in the DIII-D Divertor by :
Download or read book Migration of Artificially Introduced Micron Size Carbon Dust in the DIII-D Divertor written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Migration of pre-characterized carbon dust in a tokamak environment was studied by introducing about 30 milligrams of dust flakes 5-10 [mu]m in diameter in the lower divertor of DIII-D using the DiMES sample holder. The dust was exposed to high power ELMing Hmode discharges in lower-single-null magnetic configuration with the strike points swept across the divertor floor. When the outer strike point (OSP) passed over the dust holder exposing it to high particle and heat fluxes, part of the dust was injected into the plasma. In about 0.1 sec following the OSP pass over the dust, 1-2% of the total dust carbon content (2-4 x 1019 carbon atoms, equivalent to a few million dust particles) penetrated the core plasma, raising the core carbon density by a factor of 2-3. When the OSP was inboard of the dust holder, the dust injection continued at a lower rate. Individual dust particles were observed moving at velocities of 10-100 m/s, predominantly in the toroidal direction for deuteron flow to the outer divertor target, consistent with the ion drag force. The observed behavior of the dust is in qualitative agreement with modeling by the 3D DustT code.
Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Magnetic Thermonuclear Reactor Design by : Vasilij A. Glukhikh
Download or read book Fundamentals of Magnetic Thermonuclear Reactor Design written by Vasilij A. Glukhikh and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2018-05-21 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fundamentals of Magnetic Thermonuclear Reactor Design is a comprehensive resource on fusion technology and energy systems written by renowned scientists and engineers from the Russian nuclear industry. It brings together a wealth of invaluable experience and knowledge on controlled thermonuclear fusion (CTF) facilities with magnetic plasma confinement – from the first semi-commercial tokamak T-3, to the multi-billion international experimental thermonuclear reactor ITER, now in construction in France. As the INTOR and ITER projects have made an immense contribution in the past few decades, this book focuses on its practical engineering aspects and the basics of technical physics and electrical engineering. Users will gain an understanding of the key ratios between plasma and technical parameters, design streamlining algorithms and engineering solutions. Written by a team of qualified experts who have been involved in the design of thermonuclear reactors for over 50 years Outlines the most important features of the ITER project in France which is building the largest tokamak, including the design, material selection, safety and economic considerations Includes data on how to design magnetic fusion reactors using CAD tools, along with relevant regulatory documents
Author :National Academies of Sciences Engineering and Medicine Publisher : ISBN 13 :9780309685382 Total Pages : pages Book Rating :4.6/5 (853 download)
Book Synopsis Bringing Fusion to the U.S. Grid by : National Academies of Sciences Engineering and Medicine
Download or read book Bringing Fusion to the U.S. Grid written by National Academies of Sciences Engineering and Medicine and published by . This book was released on 2021-11-17 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fusion energy offers the prospect of addressing the nation's energy needs and contributing to the transition to a low-carbon emission electrical generation infrastructure. Technology and research results from U.S. investments in the major fusion burning plasma experiment known as ITER, coupled with a strong foundation of research funded by the Department of Energy (DOE), position the United States to begin planning for its first fusion pilot plant. Strong interest from the private sector is an additional motivating factor, as the process of decarbonizing and modernizing the nation's electric infrastructure accelerates and companies seek to lead the way. At the request of DOE, Bringing Fusion to the U.S. Grid builds upon the work of the 2019 report Final Report of the Committee on a Strategic Plan for U.S. Burning Plasma Research to identify the key goals and innovations - independent of confinement concept - that are needed to support the development of a U.S. fusion pilot plant that can serve as a model for producing electricity at the lowest possible capital cost.
Book Synopsis Iter Physics by : C Wendell Horton, Jr
Download or read book Iter Physics written by C Wendell Horton, Jr and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2015-06-25 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The promise of a vast and clean source of thermal power drove physics research for over fifty years and has finally come to collimation with the international consortium led by the European Union and Japan, with an agreement from seven countries to build a definitive test of fusion power in ITER. It happened because scientists since the Manhattan project have envisioned controlled nuclear fusion in obtaining energy with no carbon dioxide emissions and no toxic nuclear waste products.This large toroidal magnetic confinement ITER machine is described from confinement process to advanced physics of plasma-wall interactions, where pulses erupt from core plasma blistering the machine walls. Emissions from the walls reduce the core temperature which must remain ten times hotter than the 15 million degree core solar temperature to maintain ITER fusion power. The huge temperature gradient from core to wall that drives intense plasma turbulence is described in detail.Also explained are the methods designed to limit the growth of small magnetic islands, the growth of edge localized plasma plumes and the solid state physics limits of the stainless steel walls of the confinement vessel from the burning plasma. Designs of the wall coatings and the special 'exhaust pipe' for spent hot plasma are provided in two chapters. And the issues associated with high-energy neutrons — about 10 times higher than in fission reactions — and how they are managed in ITER, are detailed.
Book Synopsis Plasma-Material Interactions in a Controlled Fusion Reactor by : Tetsuo Tanabe
Download or read book Plasma-Material Interactions in a Controlled Fusion Reactor written by Tetsuo Tanabe and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-03-08 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a primer on the interplay between plasma and materials in a fusion reactor, so-called plasma–materials interactions (PMIs), highlighting materials and their influence on plasma through PMI. It aims to demonstrate that a plasma-facing surface (PFS) responds actively to fusion plasma and that the clarifying nature of PFS is indispensable to understanding the influence of PFS on plasma. It describes the modern insight into PMI, namely, relevant feedback to plasma performance from plasma-facing material (PFM) on changes in a material surface by plasma power load by radiation and particles, contrary to a conventional view that unilateral influence from plasma on PFM is dominant in PMI. There are many books and reviews on PMI in the context of plasma physics, that is, how plasma or plasma confinement works in PMI. By contrast, this book features a materials aspect in PMI focusing on changes caused by heat and particle load from plasma: how PFMs are changed by plasma exposure and then, accordingly, how the changed PFM interacts with plasma.
Book Synopsis On the Edge of Magnetic Fusion Devices by : Sergei Krasheninnikov
Download or read book On the Edge of Magnetic Fusion Devices written by Sergei Krasheninnikov and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-09-07 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reviews the current state of understanding concerning edge plasma, which bridges hot fusion plasma, with a temperature of roughly one million degrees Kelvin with plasma-facing materials, which have melting points of only a few thousand degrees Kelvin. In a fact, edge plasma is one of the keys to solution for harnessing fusion energy in magnetic fusion devices. The physics governing the processes at work in the edge plasma involves classical and anomalous transport of multispecies plasma, neutral gas dynamics, atomic physics effects, radiation transport, plasma-material interactions, and even the transport of plasma species within the plasma-facing materials. The book starts with simple physical models, then moves on to rigorous theoretical considerations and state-of-the-art simulation tools that are capable of capturing the most important features of the edge plasma phenomena. The authors compare the conclusions arising from the theoretical and computational analysis with the available experimental data. They also discuss the remaining gaps in their models and make projections for phenomena related to edge plasma in magnetic fusion reactors.
Book Synopsis Introduction to Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion by : Francis F. Chen
Download or read book Introduction to Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion written by Francis F. Chen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 427 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: TO THE SECOND EDITION In the nine years since this book was first written, rapid progress has been made scientifically in nuclear fusion, space physics, and nonlinear plasma theory. At the same time, the energy shortage on the one hand and the exploration of Jupiter and Saturn on the other have increased the national awareness of the important applications of plasma physics to energy production and to the understanding of our space environment. In magnetic confinement fusion, this period has seen the attainment 13 of a Lawson number nTE of 2 x 10 cm -3 sec in the Alcator tokamaks at MIT; neutral-beam heating of the PL T tokamak at Princeton to KTi = 6. 5 keV; increase of average ß to 3%-5% in tokamaks at Oak Ridge and General Atomic; and the stabilization of mirror-confined plasmas at Livermore, together with injection of ion current to near field-reversal conditions in the 2XIIß device. Invention of the tandem mirror has given magnetic confinement a new and exciting dimension. New ideas have emerged, such as the compact torus, surface-field devices, and the EßT mirror-torus hybrid, and some old ideas, such as the stellarator and the reversed-field pinch, have been revived. Radiofrequency heat ing has become a new star with its promise of dc current drive. Perhaps most importantly, great progress has been made in the understanding of the MHD behavior of toroidal plasmas: tearing modes, magnetic Vll Vlll islands, and disruptions.
Book Synopsis DiMES Divertor Erosion Experiments on DIII-D. by :
Download or read book DiMES Divertor Erosion Experiments on DIII-D. written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The DiMES (Divertor Material Evaluation Studies) mechanism allows insertion of material samples to the lower divertor floor of the DIII-D tokamak. The main purpose of these studies is to measure erosion rates and redeposition mechanisms under tokamak divertor plasma conditions in order to obtain a physical understanding of the erosion/redeposition processes and to determine its implications for fusion power plant plasma facing components. Thin metal films of Be, W, V, and Mo, were deposited on a Si depth-marked graphite sample and exposed to the steady-state outer strike point on DIII-D.A variety of surface analysis techniques are used to determine the erosion/redeposition of the metals and the carbon after 5--15 seconds of exposure. These short exposure times ensure controlled exposure conditions and the extensive array of DIII-D divertor diagnostics provide a well characterized plasma for modeling efforts. Erosion rates and redeposition lengths are found to decrease with the atomic number of the metallic species, as expected. Under these conditions, the peak net erosion rate for carbon is (approximately) 4 nm/s, with the erosion following the ion flux profile. Comparisons of the measured carbon erosion with REDEP code calculations show good agreement for both the absolute net erosion rate and its spatial variation. Measured erosion rates of the metals are smaller than predicted for sputtering from a bare metal surface, apparently due to effects of carbon deposition on the metal surface. Visible spectroscopic measurements of singly ionized Be have determined that the erosion process reaches steady-state during the exposure.
Download or read book Chemical Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 2626 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
