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Dissecting Synaptic Mechanisms Of Sound Encoding In The Mouse Cochlea
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Book Synopsis Dissecting Synaptic Mechanisms of Sound Encoding in the Mouse Cochlea by : Philippe Jean
Download or read book Dissecting Synaptic Mechanisms of Sound Encoding in the Mouse Cochlea written by Philippe Jean and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cochlear inner hair cells (IHCs) are the genuine sensory receptors that translate sound-borne cochlear vibrations into neuronal signals via ribbon synapses with the spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs). The precise mechanisms of these ribbon synapses, the first relay of the auditory pathway, are still not fully resolved. Sound intensity coding over a wide dynamic range is thought to be fractionated through the SGNs presenting distinct firing characteristics. One hypothesis is that much of this diversity reflects the presynaptic heterogeneity observed among the active zones (AZs) of IHCs. There, a...
Book Synopsis Sound Encoding in the Mouse Cochlea: Molecular Physiology and Optogenetic Stimulation by :
Download or read book Sound Encoding in the Mouse Cochlea: Molecular Physiology and Optogenetic Stimulation written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Afferent synapses between inner hair cells (IHCs) and spiral ganglion neurons in the cochlea translate sound information into a discrete spike code, providing us the opportunity to directly observe the output of the cochlea. The availability of mutant strains with genetic hearing impairment makes the mouse a valuable species to investigate the molecular mechanisms of cochlear function. In this thesis, mouse was used as a model species to study cochlear sound encoding by recording single unit activities from auditory nerve fibers (ANFs) in vivo. First, developmental changes of ANF responses ...
Book Synopsis Central Sound Encoding in the Inferior Colliculus of Mouse Models for Human Auditory Synaptopathy and Neuropathy by : Maike Pelgrim
Download or read book Central Sound Encoding in the Inferior Colliculus of Mouse Models for Human Auditory Synaptopathy and Neuropathy written by Maike Pelgrim and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Auditory neuropathy and auditory synaptopathy are hearing disorders with normal outer hair cell function and cochlear amplification, but an impairment in the function of inner hair cells, their ribbon synapses, or in the spiral ganglion neurons and neurons of the auditory pathway, respectively. In order to better understand the disease mechanisms, we analyzed central sound encoding in the inferior colliculus, the main auditory nucleus of the midbrain. We performed electrophysiological in vivo single unit recordings from the central nucleus of the inferior colliculus in three strains of muta...
Book Synopsis Synaptic Physiology of the Cochlear Sound Encoding by : Tzu-Lun Wang
Download or read book Synaptic Physiology of the Cochlear Sound Encoding written by Tzu-Lun Wang and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sound intensity is encoded as action potential firing rates by spiral ganglion neurons. These neurons show different rate-level functions with different auditory thresholds, and are thought to collectively encode the large dynamic range of the auditory stimuli. Hair cell ribbon synapses drive the action potential firing in spiral ganglion neurons through release of glutamate that is triggered by voltage-gated Ca2+ channels. Therefore, the investigation of presynaptic Ca2+ signaling and its relationship to synaptic ribbons might help to explain how inner hair cells (IHCs) decompose auditory ...
Book Synopsis The Coding of Sound in the Cochlear Nucleus by : Jane Jia Feng
Download or read book The Coding of Sound in the Cochlear Nucleus written by Jane Jia Feng and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Intrinsic and Synaptic Mechanisms Underlying Sound Localization in the Avian Auditory Brainstem by : Sean Joseph Slee
Download or read book Intrinsic and Synaptic Mechanisms Underlying Sound Localization in the Avian Auditory Brainstem written by Sean Joseph Slee and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Sound Encoding in Mutant Mice with Disrupted Action Potential Generation by : Gulnara Yamanbaeva
Download or read book Sound Encoding in Mutant Mice with Disrupted Action Potential Generation written by Gulnara Yamanbaeva and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Auditory tasks like sound localization or speech recognition require reliable and temporally precise neuronal sound encoding. The neuronal code must accurately preserve signal properties such as intensity and timing. Electrophysiological recordings from single spiral ganglion neuron provide a detailed picture of how auditory sensory information is encoded. Analysis of the response pattern of the cochlear nucleus cells after receiving sensory information encoded at peripheral synapses gives insight into the auditory systems primary processing. Investigation of the response patterns of spiral...
Book Synopsis Modeling the Biophysical Mechanisms of Sound Encoding at Inner Hair Cell Ribbon Synapses by :
Download or read book Modeling the Biophysical Mechanisms of Sound Encoding at Inner Hair Cell Ribbon Synapses written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A key stage in auditory encoding is the transformation of the analog and continuous electrical signal at inner hair cells (IHCs) into the discrete spike timings in auditory nerve fibers (ANFs). In this work, using modeling, we investigated the biophysical specializations of the IHC ribbon synapse, which support this transcoding of the auditory signal. First, in combination with experiments, we studied the coupling of the ANF postsynaptic bouton to its action potential generator. We found that ANFs encode with submillisecond precision the timings of neurotransmitter release from IHCs. Then, ...
Book Synopsis Molecular Mechanisms of Afferent Neurite Remodelling in the Mouse Cochlea by : Lin-Chien Huang
Download or read book Molecular Mechanisms of Afferent Neurite Remodelling in the Mouse Cochlea written by Lin-Chien Huang and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Cellular Mechanisms of Inhibition in Sound Localization Circuits by : Rebecca J. Curry
Download or read book Cellular Mechanisms of Inhibition in Sound Localization Circuits written by Rebecca J. Curry and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ability to localize sound in space is an important task for communication and survival in complex acoustic environments for both humans and animals. For localizing sound in the horizontal plane, differences in sound information received by each ear generates binaural cues, such as the interaural level difference (ILD). Using whole-cell recordings in brain slices, this work focuses on the basic properties of synaptic inhibition in the avian ILD circuit, as well as the modulation of inhibition in the mammalian ILD circuit, both of which are critical for understanding the range of cellular sound localization coding solutions. In birds, the posterior portion of the dorsal nucleus of the lateral lemniscus (LLDp) encodes the ILD, but little is known about the mechanisms of synaptic inhibition underlying the ILD coding. Here, I provide the first evidence confirming a monosynaptic inhibition driven by direct electrical and chemical stimulation of the contralateral LLDp. Additionally, inhibition to LLDp neurons was largely GABAergic, although there is evidence for a glycinergic component, and the low internal chloride concentration suggests a hyperpolarizing action of inhibition in this circuit. In mammals, the medial nucleus of the trapezoid body (MNTB) provides synaptic inhibition to many auditory brainstem nuclei including the mammalian ILD encoding nucleus, and thus contributes to ILD coding. However, not much is understood of the synaptic inhibition the MNTB itself receives and it remains entirely unknown how this inhibition is regulated. Here, I investigated group I metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR I) modulation of the glycinergic and GABAergic inputs to MNTB neurons in both wildtype (WT) mice and a fragile X syndrome (FXS) mouse model, in which the fragile X mental retardation gene 1 is knocked out (Fmr1 KO). Loss of the FMR protein results in exaggerated activity of mGluR I, allowing for comparisons of mGluR I function under normal and disordered conditions. Activation of group I mGluRs by 3,5-DHPG (200 ℗æM) increased sIPSC frequency and amplitude in both WT and Fmr1 KO neurons in a voltage-gated sodium channel dependent fashion for glycinergic transmission, but did not modulate glycinergic eIPSCs. For GABAergic transmission, 3,5-DHPG did not increase sIPSC frequency or amplitude, but did suppress eIPSCs in WT neurons. These findings suggest differential modulation by mGluR I on specific inhibitory neurotransmitters and specific neurotransmitter release modes. Together, the results provide new insight to the role of synaptic inhibition in the computation of sound localization across animal models, establishing a working cellular model for avian ILD coding and laying the foundation for the role of mGluR I modulation in the mammalian MNTB under normal and disease states.
Book Synopsis The Primary Auditory Neurons of the Mammalian Cochlea by : Alain Dabdoub
Download or read book The Primary Auditory Neurons of the Mammalian Cochlea written by Alain Dabdoub and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-10-06 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume details the essential role of the spiral ganglion neurons. The volume elucidates and characterizes their development, their environment, their electrophysiological characteristics, their connectivity to their targets in the inner ear and the brain, and discusses the potential for their regeneration. A comprehensive review about the spiral ganglion neurons is important for researchers not only in the inner ear field but also in development, neuroscience, biophysics as well as neural networks researchers. The chapters are authored by leading researchers in the field.
Book Synopsis The Inferior Colliculus by : Jeffery A. Winer
Download or read book The Inferior Colliculus written by Jeffery A. Winer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-12-05 with total page 720 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Connecting the auditory brain stem to sensory, motor, and limbic systems, the inferior colliculus is a critical midbrain station for auditory processing. Winer and Schreiner's The Inferior Colliculus, a critical, comprehensive reference, presents the current knowledge of the inferior colliculus from a variety of perspectives, including anatomical, physiological, developmental, neurochemical, biophysical, neuroethological and clinical vantage points. Written by leading researchers in the field, the book is an ideal introduction to the inferior colliculus and central auditory processing for clinicians, otolaryngologists, graduate and postgraduate research workers in the auditory and other sensory-motor systems.
Book Synopsis Vertebrate Hair Cells by : Ruth Eatock
Download or read book Vertebrate Hair Cells written by Ruth Eatock and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-07-01 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Springer Handbook of Auditory Research presents a series of compreh- sive and synthetic reviews of the fundamental topics in modern auditory - search. The volumes are aimed at all individuals with interests in hearing research including advanced graduate students, postdoctoral researchers, and clinical investigators. The volumes are intended to introduce new investigators to important aspects of hearing science and to help established investigators to better understand the fundamental theories and data in ?elds of hearing that they may not normally follow closely. Each volume presents a particular topic comprehensively, and each serves as a synthetic overview and guide to the literature. As such, the chapters present neither exhaustive data reviews nor original research that has not yet appeared in peer-reviewed journals. The volumes focus on topics that have developed a solid data and conceptual foundation rather than on those for which a literature is only beginning to develop. New research areas will be covered on a timely basis in the series as they begin to mature.
Book Synopsis Noise-Induced Hearing Loss by : Colleen G. Le Prell
Download or read book Noise-Induced Hearing Loss written by Colleen G. Le Prell and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-10-30 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exposure to loud noise continues to be the largest cause of hearing loss in the adult population. The problem of NIHL impacts a number of disciplines. US standards for permissible noise exposure were originally published in 1968 and remain largely unchanged today. Indeed, permissible noise exposure for US personnel is significantly greater than that allowed in numerous other countries, including for example, Canada, China, Brazil, Mexico, and the European Union. However, there have been a number of discoveries and advances that have increased our understanding of the mechanisms of NIHL. These advances have the potential to impact how NIHL can be prevented and how our noise standards can be made more appropriate.
Book Synopsis Physiology, Psychoacoustics and Cognition in Normal and Impaired Hearing by : Pim van Dijk
Download or read book Physiology, Psychoacoustics and Cognition in Normal and Impaired Hearing written by Pim van Dijk and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-04-14 with total page 487 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The International Symposium on Hearing is a prestigious, triennial gathering where world-class scientists present and discuss the most recent advances in the field of human and animal hearing research. The 2015 edition will particularly focus on integrative approaches linking physiological, psychophysical and cognitive aspects of normal and impaired hearing. Like previous editions, the proceedings will contain about 50 chapters ranging from basic to applied research, and of interest to neuroscientists, psychologists, audiologists, engineers, otolaryngologists, and artificial intelligence researchers.
Book Synopsis The Primary Acoustic Nuclei by : Rafael Lorente de Nó
Download or read book The Primary Acoustic Nuclei written by Rafael Lorente de Nó and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Associative Memory Cells: Basic Units of Memory Trace by : Jin-Hui Wang
Download or read book Associative Memory Cells: Basic Units of Memory Trace written by Jin-Hui Wang and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-09-10 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on associative memory cells and their working principles, which can be applied to associative memories and memory-relevant cognitions. Providing comprehensive diagrams, it presents the author's personal perspectives on pathology and therapeutic strategies for memory deficits in patients suffering from neurological diseases and psychiatric disorders. Associative learning is a common approach to acquire multiple associated signals, including knowledge, experiences and skills from natural environments or social interaction. The identification of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying associative memory is important in furthering our understanding of the principles of memory formation and memory-relevant behaviors as well as in developing therapeutic strategies that enhance memory capacity in healthy individuals and improve memory deficit in patients suffering from neurological disease and psychiatric disorders. Although a series of hypotheses about neural substrates for associative memory has been proposed, numerous questions still need to be addressed, especially the basic units and their working principle in engrams and circuits specific for various memory patterns. This book summarizes the developments concerning associative memory cells reported in current and past literature, providing a valuable overview of the field for neuroscientists, psychologists and students.
