Disciplining Agricultural Support Through Decoupling

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Disciplining Agricultural Support Through Decoupling

Author : John Baffes
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 77 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Disciplining Agricultural Support Through Decoupling by : John Baffes

Download or read book Disciplining Agricultural Support Through Decoupling written by John Baffes and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2005 with total page 77 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Agricultural protection, particularly in high income countries, have induced overproduction, thereby depressing world commodity prices and reducing export shares of countries which do not support agriculture. One-and perhaps the only-effective way to bring a socially acceptable and politically feasible reform is to replace payments linked to current production levels, input use, and prices by payments which are decoupled from these measures. Overall, the experience with decoupling agricultural support has been mixed while the switch to less distortive support has been uneven across commodities and countries. Rules have changed with new decoupling programs added so expectations about future policies affect current production decisions. Time limits were not implemented and if so, were overruled. Ideally, compensation programs would be universal (open to all sectors in the economy, not just agriculture) or at least non-sector-specific within agriculture. A simple and minimally distorting scheme would be a one-time unconditional payment to everyone engaged in farming or deemed in need of compensation that is nontransferable, along the lines of one-time buyouts without remaining subsidies. To maintain government credibility and reduce uncertainty, eligibility rules need to be clearly defined and not allowed to change. The time period on which payments are based, the level of payments, and the sectors covered should all remain fixed. Support to specific sectors within agriculture should be in the form of taxpayer-funded payments. There should be no requirement of production. Land, labor, and any other input should not have to be in "agricultural use." "--World Bank web site.

Disciplining Agricultural Support Through Decoupling

Author : John Baffes
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (931 download)

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Book Synopsis Disciplining Agricultural Support Through Decoupling by : John Baffes

Download or read book Disciplining Agricultural Support Through Decoupling written by John Baffes and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Agricultural protection, particularly in high income countries, have induced overproduction, thereby depressing world commodity prices and reducing export shares of countries which do not support agriculture. One-and perhaps the only-effective way to bring a socially acceptable and politically feasible reform is to replace payments linked to current production levels, input use, and prices by payments which are decoupled from these measures. Overall, the experience with decoupling agricultural support has been mixed while the switch to less distortive support has been uneven across commodities and countries. Rules have changed with new decoupling programs added so expectations about future policies affect current production decisions. Time limits were not implemented and if so, were overruled. Ideally, compensation programs would be universal (open to all sectors in the economy, not just agriculture) or at least non-sector-specific within agriculture. A simple and minimally distorting scheme would be a one-time unconditional payment to everyone engaged in farming or deemed in need of compensation that is nontransferable, along the lines of one-time buyouts without remaining subsidies. To maintain government credibility and reduce uncertainty, eligibility rules need to be clearly defined and not allowed to change. The time period on which payments are based, the level of payments, and the sectors covered should all remain fixed. Support to specific sectors within agriculture should be in the form of taxpayer-funded payments. There should be no requirement of production. Land, labor, and any other input should not have to be in "agricultural use."

The Regulation of Agricultural Subsidies in the World Trade Organization Framework. A Developing Country Perspective

Author : Farai Chigavazira
Publisher : diplom.de
ISBN 13 : 3960675593
Total Pages : 209 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (66 download)

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Book Synopsis The Regulation of Agricultural Subsidies in the World Trade Organization Framework. A Developing Country Perspective by : Farai Chigavazira

Download or read book The Regulation of Agricultural Subsidies in the World Trade Organization Framework. A Developing Country Perspective written by Farai Chigavazira and published by diplom.de. This book was released on 2016-06-29 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Agreement on Agriculture (AoA) was adopted to eliminate the illegitimate use of trade distorting agricultural subsidies and, thereby, reduce and avoid the negative effects subsidies have on global agricultural trade. However, the AoA has been fashioned in a way that is enabling developed countries to continue high levels of protectionism through subsidization, whilst many developing countries are facing severe and often damaging competition from imports artificially cheapened through subsidies. The regulation of subsidies by the World Trade Organisation (WTO) has been a highly sensitive issue. This is mainly due to the fear of compromising on food security, especially by developed countries. Developing countries have suffered negatively from the subsidy programmes of developed countries, which continue to subsidize their agricultural sector. This position of developing countries in the global trade system, which has been described as weak, has drawn criticism of the WTO, namely that it does not protect the interests of the weak developing nations, but rather strengthens the interests of the strong developed nations. The green box provisions which are specifically designed to regulate payments that are considered trade neutral or minimally trade distorting have grossly been manipulated by developed countries at the mercy of the AoA. Developed countries continue to provide trade distorting subsidies under the guise of green box support. This is defeating the aims and objectives of the AoA. The study examines the regulation of WTO agricultural subsidies from the developing countries’ perspective. It looks at the problems WTO member states face with trade distorting subsidies, but focuses more on the impact these have on developing states. It scrutinizes the AoA’s provisions regulating subsidies by adopting a perspective to identify any loopholes or shortcomings which undermine the interests and aspirations of developing countries. This is against the background that some of the provisions of the AoA are lenient towards the needs of developed countries at the expense of developing countries.

Research Handbook on the WTO Agriculture Agreement

Author : Joseph McMahon
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1781001235
Total Pages : 337 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (81 download)

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Book Synopsis Research Handbook on the WTO Agriculture Agreement by : Joseph McMahon

Download or read book Research Handbook on the WTO Agriculture Agreement written by Joseph McMahon and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2012-01-01 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ÔThe range of topics covered in this volume is multi-faceted and various. . . Practitioners with clients involved in agri-business will be particularly interested in the broad spectrum of matters discussed, as will trade negotiators, policy advisors and graduate students in this vital and fascinating field.Õ Ð Phillip Taylor MBE and Elizabeth Taylor, The Barrister Magazine Agriculture has been the unruly horse of the GATT/WTO system for a long time and efforts to halter it are still ongoing. This Research Handbook focuses on aspects of agricultural production and trade policy that are recognized for their importance but are often kept out of the limelight, such as the implication of national and international agricultural production and trade policies on national food security, global climate change, and biotechnology. It provides a summary of the state of the WTO agriculture negotiations as well as the relevant jurisprudence, but also, and uniquely, it focuses on the new and emerging issues of agricultural trade law and policy that are rarely addressed in the existing literature. With contributions from a multi-disciplinary team of leading analysts from around the world, this Research Handbook will appeal to trade negotiators, international trade law and policy academics as well as postgraduate students in the field.

The Agricultural Law of the EU

Author : René Barents
Publisher : Kluwer Law International B.V.
ISBN 13 : 940354421X
Total Pages : 457 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis The Agricultural Law of the EU by : René Barents

Download or read book The Agricultural Law of the EU written by René Barents and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 2022-05-13 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: European Monographs Series, Volume 9 This second and much-revised edition of the pre-eminent work on European Union (EU) agricultural law emphasises the sweeping changes that have led to the gradual expansion of the common agricultural policy to encompass the food chain as a whole. Although the new edition’s purpose and methodology remain the same, the author presents a completely new overview of the field as it now exists, including the effects of the latest reform measures up to 2021 and their implications for the future. Imparting in-depth awareness of the multifunctional character of agriculture today – its importance for environmental protection, preservation of biodiversity, public health, mitigation of climate change, and rural development, as well as its international obligations – the book provides matchless insight and clarifications on such critical legal details as the following: analysis of the Green Deal, the Farm to Fork Strategy, and the Biodiversity Strategy for 2030; extensive treatment of the TFEU provisions on agriculture and the impact of international legal instruments; clear and easily accessible treatment of the legislation on market and price policy, competition, and the agri-food chain; thorough analysis of administrative law aspects, in particular, the rights and obligations of operators in the framework of numerous subsidy arrangements and related topics such as sanctions and force majeure; and in-depth treatment of the importance of the general principles of EU law for legal protection. Given that about one-third of the EU’s budget is spent on agriculture – and that European legislation on agriculture is voluminous and complicated and case law is abundant – this well-organised and lucid exposition will be of immeasurable value to any practitioner asked to deal with a case involving agriculture anywhere in the EU. Academics aware of the growing intricacy of the field will welcome the author’s reflections on the meaning and significance of EU agricultural law.

The Negotiations for a New Agreement on Agriculture

Author : Joseph A. McMahon
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9004211179
Total Pages : 334 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (42 download)

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Book Synopsis The Negotiations for a New Agreement on Agriculture by : Joseph A. McMahon

Download or read book The Negotiations for a New Agreement on Agriculture written by Joseph A. McMahon and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2011-08-25 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume offers a history of the negotiations for a new Agreement on Agriculture up to the end of 2010, from the mandated negotiations under Article 20 of that Agreement to the negotiations launched by the 2001 Doha Declaration.

Farm Policies And World Markets: Monitoring And Disciplining The International Trade Impacts Of Agricultural Policies

Author : Timothy Josling
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 981461646X
Total Pages : 367 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (146 download)

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Book Synopsis Farm Policies And World Markets: Monitoring And Disciplining The International Trade Impacts Of Agricultural Policies by : Timothy Josling

Download or read book Farm Policies And World Markets: Monitoring And Disciplining The International Trade Impacts Of Agricultural Policies written by Timothy Josling and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2015-03-11 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of the book is to provide interested readers with access to a number of articles that have been written over the years on the subject of the linkages between domestic farm policies (particularly in developed countries) and world markets for agricultural goods. The scope of the book includes the measurement of protection and the estimation of transfers to agricultural producers, the effect of these policies on consumers and the consequent impact on international trade. A major theme is that the monitoring of the trade and transfer implications of farm policies is an essential first step to addressing the need for internationally agreed disciplines on their nature and extent. The topic of trade impacts of farm policies has become important in two different market situations. When agricultural commodity prices are depressed, attention turns to the activities of countries (particularly developed countries) that support the income of their own farmers but at the expense of farmers in other countries. When prices rise, as they have done in the last five years, the question is reversed: what is the impact of the farm and food policies that restrict exports to keep domestic prices low on food security in other countries? Thus, the narrative of the monitoring of farm policies by international organizations such as the OECD and the disciplining of such policies under the rules of the WTO is as relevant today as in the 1970s when the first efforts in this direction were made.

Trade Agreements, Multifunctionality and EU Agriculture

Author : Eleni Kaditi
Publisher : CEPS
ISBN 13 : 9290796723
Total Pages : 336 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (97 download)

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Book Synopsis Trade Agreements, Multifunctionality and EU Agriculture by : Eleni Kaditi

Download or read book Trade Agreements, Multifunctionality and EU Agriculture written by Eleni Kaditi and published by CEPS. This book was released on 2006 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is the result of research and exchange activities within the European Network of Agricultural and Rural Policy Research Institutes (ENARPRI). It synthesizes various analyses related to EU agricultural policies, trade agreements, and the issue of multifunctionality. The book focuses on the impact of regional, bilateral, and multilateral trade agreements that the EU has concluded or is in the process of negotiating, as well as on the interaction between EU policies and trade agreements, in the context of multifunctionality and sustainable development. Most of the trade agreements examined are extremely complex and impact not only efficiency and growth, but also income and welfare distribution within the EU. Special attention is given to the effects of possible WTO negotiation outcomes on the EU and third countries, as well as on the impact of the EuroMed trade proposals and agreements on trade flows and economic development of the EU's trading partners in the Mediterranean.

Agricultural Trade Reform and the Doha Development Agenda

Author : Kym Anderson
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 9780821362402
Total Pages : 444 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (624 download)

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Book Synopsis Agricultural Trade Reform and the Doha Development Agenda by : Kym Anderson

Download or read book Agricultural Trade Reform and the Doha Development Agenda written by Kym Anderson and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2005-11-16 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Providing the most complete and up to date analysis of the range of agricultural issues under negotiation in the multilateral trade negotiations underway in the World Trade Organization (WTO), this title is a valuable resource to policymakers, agricultural private sector, and academics in developing and assessing the negotiating options.

Encyclopedia of Food Security and Sustainability

Author :
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0128126884
Total Pages : 1861 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

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Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of Food Security and Sustainability by :

Download or read book Encyclopedia of Food Security and Sustainability written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-11-08 with total page 1861 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Encyclopedia of Food Security and Sustainability, Three Volume Set covers the hottest topics in the science of food sustainability, providing a synopsis of the path society is on to secure food for a growing population. It investigates the focal issue of sustainable food production in relation to the effects of global change on food resources, biodiversity and global food security. This collection of methodological approaches and knowledge derived from expert authors around the world offers the research community, food industry, scientists and students with the knowledge to relate to, and report on, the novel challenges of food production and sustainability. This comprehensive encyclopedia will act as a platform to show how an interdisciplinary approach and closer collaboration between the scientific and industrial communities is necessary to strengthen our existing capacity to generate and share research data. Offers readers a ‘one-stop’ resource on the topic of food security and sustainability Contains articles split into sections based on the various dimensions of Food Security and Food Sustainability Written by academics and practitioners from various fields and regions with a “farm to fork understanding Includes concise and accessible chapters, providing an authoritative introduction for non-specialists and readers from undergraduate level upwards, as well as up-to-date foundational content for those familiar with the field

Agricultural Trade Liberalization and the Least Developed Countries

Author : Niek Koning
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9781402060854
Total Pages : 264 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (68 download)

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Book Synopsis Agricultural Trade Liberalization and the Least Developed Countries by : Niek Koning

Download or read book Agricultural Trade Liberalization and the Least Developed Countries written by Niek Koning and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-05-07 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Developing countries as a group stand to gain very substantially from trade reform in agricultural commodities. Agricultural Trade Liberalization and the Least Developed Countries is the first book to address important questions relating to this subject. The authors are world renowned experts on international trade and development and they address a very important and timely issue.

Japan's Economic Revival

Author : D. Citrin
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1137001607
Total Pages : 282 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (37 download)

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Book Synopsis Japan's Economic Revival by : D. Citrin

Download or read book Japan's Economic Revival written by D. Citrin and published by Springer. This book was released on 2008-10-09 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on Japan's recent recovery from a decade-long stagnation, with particular attention to the unfinished policy agenda and the international spillovers of Japan's policies, through background studies (both analytical and descriptive) by IMF economists.

World Development Report 2008

Author : World Bank
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 9780821368091
Total Pages : 384 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (68 download)

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Book Synopsis World Development Report 2008 by : World Bank

Download or read book World Development Report 2008 written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2007-10-15 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The world's demand for food is expected to double within the next 50 years, while the natural resources that sustain agriculture will become increasingly scarce, degraded, and vulnerable to the effects of climate change. In many poor countries, agriculture accounts for at least 40 percent of GDP and 80 percent of employment. At the same time, about 70 percent of the world's poor live in rural areas and most depend on agriculture for their livelihoods. 'World Development Report 2008' seeks to assess where, when, and how agriculture can be an effective instrument for economic development, especially development that favors the poor. It examines several broad questions: How has agriculture changed in developing countries in the past 20 years? What are the important new challenges and opportunities for agriculture? Which new sources of agricultural growth can be captured cost effectively in particular in poor countries with large agricultural sectors as in Africa? How can agricultural growth be made more effective for poverty reduction? How can governments facilitate the transition of large populations out of agriculture, without simply transferring the burden of rural poverty to urban areas? How can the natural resource endowment for agriculture be protected? How can agriculture's negative environmental effects be contained? This year's report marks the 30th year the World Bank has been publishing the 'World Development Report'.

Commodity Markets

Author : John Baffes
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 1464819122
Total Pages : 311 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (648 download)

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Book Synopsis Commodity Markets by : John Baffes

Download or read book Commodity Markets written by John Baffes and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2022-12-07 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Commodity markets are integral to the global economy. Understanding what drives developments of these markets is critical to the design of policy frameworks that facilitate the economic objectives of sustainable growth, inflation stability, poverty reduction, food security, and the mitigation of climate change. This study is the first comprehensive analysis examining market and policy developments for all commodity groups, including energy, metals, and agriculture, over the past century. It finds that, while the quantity of commodities consumed has risen enormously, driven by population and income growth, the relative importance of commodities has shifted over time, as technological innovation created new uses for some materials and facilitated substitution among commodities. The study also shows that commodity markets are heterogeneous in terms of their drivers, price behavior, and macroeconomic impact on emerging markets and developing economies, and that the relationship between economic growth and commodity demand varies widely across countries, depending on their stage of economic development. Policy frameworks that enable countercyclical macroeconomic responses have become increasingly common—and beneficial. Other policy tools have had mixed outcomes. Discussions about commodity-exporting emerging markets are often based on ideas without empirical or analytical support. This book is a great contribution to improve our understanding of those economies, based on rigorous research. It provides robust empirical evidence including a long-term perspective on commodity prices. It also contains very thoughtful policy analysis, with implications for resilience, macroeconomic policies, and development strategies. It will be a key reference for scholars as well as policy makers. José De Gregorio Dean of the School of Economics and Business Universidad de Chile Former Minister of Economy, Mining and Energy and Former Governor of the Central Bank of Chile A sound understanding of commodity markets is more essential than ever in light of the COVID-19 pandemic, the war in Ukraine, and the transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy commodities. This volume offers an excellent, comprehensive, and very timely analysis of the wide range of factors that affect commodity markets. It carefully surveys historical and future trends in commodity supply, demand, and prices, and offers detailed policy proposals to avoid the havoc that turbulent commodity markets can cause on the economies of commodity exporters and importers. Rick Van der Ploeg Research Director of Oxford Centre for the Analysis of Resource-Rich Economies University of Oxford

WTO Disciplines on Agricultural Support

Author : David Orden
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 113950133X
Total Pages : 519 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (395 download)

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Book Synopsis WTO Disciplines on Agricultural Support by : David Orden

Download or read book WTO Disciplines on Agricultural Support written by David Orden and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-03-31 with total page 519 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Farm support is contentious in international negotiations. This in-depth assessment of the legal compliance and economic evaluation issues raised by the WTO Agreement on Agriculture presents consistent support data and forward-looking projections for eight developed and developing countries (EU, US, Japan, Norway, Brazil, China, India, Philippines), using original estimates where official notifications are not available. Variations over time in notified support in some cases reflect real policy changes; others merely reflect shifts in how countries represent their measures. The stalled Doha negotiations presage significantly tighter constraints for developed countries that provide the highest support, but loopholes will persist. Developing countries face fewer constraints and their trade-distorting farm support can rise. Pressure points and key remaining issues if a Doha agreement is reached are evaluated. Vigilant monitoring for compliance of farm support with WTO commitments will be required to lessen its negative consequences whether or not the Doha Round is concluded.

Issues on Disciplining Domestic Support for Agriculture in the WTO

Author : Justin Daniel Cook
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.E/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Issues on Disciplining Domestic Support for Agriculture in the WTO by : Justin Daniel Cook

Download or read book Issues on Disciplining Domestic Support for Agriculture in the WTO written by Justin Daniel Cook and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Non-distorting Farm Support to Enhance Global Food Production

Author : Aziz Elbehri
Publisher : Fao
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 446 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis Non-distorting Farm Support to Enhance Global Food Production by : Aziz Elbehri

Download or read book Non-distorting Farm Support to Enhance Global Food Production written by Aziz Elbehri and published by Fao. This book was released on 2009 with total page 446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increased investment in agriculture and adequate incentives to farmers are required to meet this global challenge.