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Directory Based Cache Coherency Protocols For Shared Memory Multiprocessors
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Book Synopsis Directory Based Cache Coherency Protocols for Shared Memory Multiprocessors by : Craig Warner
Download or read book Directory Based Cache Coherency Protocols for Shared Memory Multiprocessors written by Craig Warner and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Some alternative directory entry formats are described, including a special entry format for implementing queueing semaphores. Evaluation of the various entry formats is done with probabilistic models of shared cache blocks and software simulation. A variable length global table organization is presented which can be used to reduce the size of the global table, regardless of the entry format. Its performance is analyzed using software simulation. A protocol which maintains a linked list of processors which have a particular block cached is presented. Several variations of this protocol induce less interconnection network traffic than traditional protocols."
Book Synopsis The Cache Coherence Problem in Shared-Memory Multiprocessors by : Igor Tartalja
Download or read book The Cache Coherence Problem in Shared-Memory Multiprocessors written by Igor Tartalja and published by Wiley-IEEE Computer Society Press. This book was released on 1996-02-13 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book illustrates state-of-the-art software solutions for cache coherence maintenance in shared-memory multiprocessors. It begins with a brief overview of the cache coherence problem and introduces software solutions to the problem. The text defines and details static and dynamic software schemes, techniques for modeling performance evaluation mechanisms, and performance evaluation studies.
Book Synopsis A Primer on Memory Consistency and Cache Coherence by : Daniel Sorin
Download or read book A Primer on Memory Consistency and Cache Coherence written by Daniel Sorin and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2011-03-02 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many modern computer systems and most multicore chips (chip multiprocessors) support shared memory in hardware. In a shared memory system, each of the processor cores may read and write to a single shared address space. For a shared memory machine, the memory consistency model defines the architecturally visible behavior of its memory system. Consistency definitions provide rules about loads and stores (or memory reads and writes) and how they act upon memory. As part of supporting a memory consistency model, many machines also provide cache coherence protocols that ensure that multiple cached copies of data are kept up-to-date. The goal of this primer is to provide readers with a basic understanding of consistency and coherence. This understanding includes both the issues that must be solved as well as a variety of solutions. We present both highlevel concepts as well as specific, concrete examples from real-world systems. Table of Contents: Preface / Introduction to Consistency and Coherence / Coherence Basics / Memory Consistency Motivation and Sequential Consistency / Total Store Order and the x86 Memory Model / Relaxed Memory Consistency / Coherence Protocols / Snooping Coherence Protocols / Directory Coherence Protocols / Advanced Topics in Coherence / Author Biographies
Book Synopsis Evaluation of Design Alternatives for a Directory-based Cache Coherence Protocol in Shared-memory Multiprocessors by : Håkan Grahn
Download or read book Evaluation of Design Alternatives for a Directory-based Cache Coherence Protocol in Shared-memory Multiprocessors written by Håkan Grahn and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Hybrid Directory-based Cache Coherence Protocol for Large-scale Shared-memory Multiprocessors and Its Performance Evaluation by : Kwo-Yuan Shieh
Download or read book A Hybrid Directory-based Cache Coherence Protocol for Large-scale Shared-memory Multiprocessors and Its Performance Evaluation written by Kwo-Yuan Shieh and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Design and Validation of Update-based Cache Coherence Protocols by : Stanford University. Computer Systems Laboratory
Download or read book Design and Validation of Update-based Cache Coherence Protocols written by Stanford University. Computer Systems Laboratory and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this paper, we present the details of the two update-based cache coherence protocols for scalable shared-memory multiprocessors that were studied in our previous work. First, the directory structures required for the protocols are briefly reviewed. Next, the state diagrams and some examples of the two update-based protocols are presented; one of the protocols is based on a centralized directory, and the other is based on a singly-linked distributed directory. Protocol deadlock and the additional requirements placed the protocols to avoid such deadlock are also examined. Finally, protocol validation using an exhaustive validation tool known as Murphi is discussed.
Book Synopsis Computer Architecture by : Michael J. Flynn
Download or read book Computer Architecture written by Michael J. Flynn and published by Jones & Bartlett Learning. This book was released on 1995 with total page 816 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Computer Architecture/Software Engineering
Book Synopsis Cache and Interconnect Architectures in Multiprocessors by : Michel Dubois
Download or read book Cache and Interconnect Architectures in Multiprocessors written by Michel Dubois and published by Springer. This book was released on 1990-07-31 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A collection of invited papers concerning cache coherence protocols for general interconnects. Covers the major efforts now under way to understand the architecture and performance issues of cache-based multiprocessor computer systems. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Book Synopsis Directory Based Cache Coherency, Organization, Operations and Challenges in Implementation - Study by : Subrahmanya Bhat
Download or read book Directory Based Cache Coherency, Organization, Operations and Challenges in Implementation - Study written by Subrahmanya Bhat and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Today's systems are designed with Multi Core Architecture. The idea behind this is to achieve high system throuput. Once the Processor clock speed reached its saturation, designers opted for having multiple cores. Each Core or Processor equipped with their own private cache memory. But under Chip Multiprocessor, where all the processor have access to shared memory, having respective cache memory will result with Cache Coherency Problem. In Directory Protocol, for each block of data there is a directory entry that contains a number of pointers. The purpose of this number is to mention the locations of block copies. The important advantage of directory based protocols is that they scale much better than snoopy protocols. In addition to this it has the advantage of ability to exploit arbitrary point-to-point interconnects. But mean time it also has the overhead in terms of the storage and manipulation of directory state. This paper discus different Directory Based implementation, operations along with and its implementation difficulties.
Book Synopsis Implementing a Directory-based Cache Consistency Protocol by : Stanford University. Computer Systems Laboratory
Download or read book Implementing a Directory-based Cache Consistency Protocol written by Stanford University. Computer Systems Laboratory and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Directory-based cache consistency protocols have the potential to allow shared-memory multiprocessors to scale to a large number of processors. While many variations of these coherence schemes exist in the literature, they have typically been described at a rather high level, making adequate evaluation difficult. This paper explores the implementation issues of directory-based coherency strategies by developing a design at the level of detail needed to write a memory system functional simulator with an accurate timing model. The paper presents the design of both an invalidation coherency protocol and the associated directory/memory hardware. Support is added to prevent deadlock, handle subtle consistency situations, and implement a proper programming model of multiprocess execution. Extensions are delineated for realizing a multiple-threaded directory that can continue to process commands while waiting for a reply from a cache. The final hardware design is evaluated in the context of the number of parts required for implementation.
Book Synopsis A Primer on Memory Consistency and Cache Coherence, Second Edition by : Vijay Nagarajan
Download or read book A Primer on Memory Consistency and Cache Coherence, Second Edition written by Vijay Nagarajan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-31 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many modern computer systems, including homogeneous and heterogeneous architectures, support shared memory in hardware. In a shared memory system, each of the processor cores may read and write to a single shared address space. For a shared memory machine, the memory consistency model defines the architecturally visible behavior of its memory system. Consistency definitions provide rules about loads and stores (or memory reads and writes) and how they act upon memory. As part of supporting a memory consistency model, many machines also provide cache coherence protocols that ensure that multiple cached copies of data are kept up-to-date. The goal of this primer is to provide readers with a basic understanding of consistency and coherence. This understanding includes both the issues that must be solved as well as a variety of solutions. We present both high-level concepts as well as specific, concrete examples from real-world systems. This second edition reflects a decade of advancements since the first edition and includes, among other more modest changes, two new chapters: one on consistency and coherence for non-CPU accelerators (with a focus on GPUs) and one that points to formal work and tools on consistency and coherence.
Download or read book Mobile Home Node written by Tarun Soni and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The implementation of multiple processors on a single chip has been made possible with advancements in process technology. The benefits of having multiple cores on a single chip bring with it a new set of constraints for maintaining fast and consistent memory accesses. Cache coherence protocols are needed to maintain the consistency of shared memory on individual caches. Current cache coherency protocols are either snoop based, which is not scalable but provides fast access for small number of cores, or directory based, which involves a directory that acts as the ordering point providing scalability with relatively slower access. Our focus is on improving the memory access time of the scalable directory protocol. We have observed that most memory requests follow a pattern where in one of the processors, which we will dub the Producer, repeatedly writes to a particular memory location. A subset of the remaining cores, which we will dub the Consumers, repeatedly read the data from that same memory location. In our implementation we utilize this relationship to provide direct cache to cache transfers and minimize the access time by avoiding the indirection through the directory. We move the directory temporarily to the Producer node so that the consumer can directly request the producer for the cache line. Our technique improves the memory access time by 13 percent and reduces network traffic by 30 percent over standard directory coherence protocol with very little area overhead.
Book Synopsis A Cache Coherence Protocol for MIN-based Shared-memory Multiprocessors with Two Levels of Switch Caches by : Yong Huang
Download or read book A Cache Coherence Protocol for MIN-based Shared-memory Multiprocessors with Two Levels of Switch Caches written by Yong Huang and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Update-based Cache Coherence Protocols for Scalable Shared-memory Multiprocessors by : Stanford University. Computer Systems Laboratory
Download or read book Update-based Cache Coherence Protocols for Scalable Shared-memory Multiprocessors written by Stanford University. Computer Systems Laboratory and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this paper, two hardware-controlled update-based cache coherence protocols are presented. The paper discusses the two major disadvantages of the update protocols: inefficiency of updates and the mismatch between the granularity of synchronization and the data transfer. The paper presents two enhancements to the update-based protocols, a write combining scheme and a finer grain synchronization, to overcome these disadvantages. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of these enhancements that, when used together, allow the update-based protocols to significantly improve the execution time of a set of scientific applications when compared to three invalidate-based protocols.
Book Synopsis Implementation of Cache Coherence Protocols in Simulated Shared-memory Multiprocessors by : Chao-Chang Su
Download or read book Implementation of Cache Coherence Protocols in Simulated Shared-memory Multiprocessors written by Chao-Chang Su and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Primer on Memory Consistency and Cache Coherence by : Vijay Nagarajan
Download or read book A Primer on Memory Consistency and Cache Coherence written by Vijay Nagarajan and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2020-02-04 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many modern computer systems, including homogeneous and heterogeneous architectures, support shared memory in hardware. In a shared memory system, each of the processor cores may read and write to a single shared address space. For a shared memory machine, the memory consistency model defines the architecturally visible behavior of its memory system. Consistency definitions provide rules about loads and stores (or memory reads and writes) and how they act upon memory. As part of supporting a memory consistency model, many machines also provide cache coherence protocols that ensure that multiple cached copies of data are kept up-to-date. The goal of this primer is to provide readers with a basic understanding of consistency and coherence. This understanding includes both the issues that must be solved as well as a variety of solutions. We present both high-level concepts as well as specific, concrete examples from real-world systems. This second edition reflects a decade of advancements since the first edition and includes, among other more modest changes, two new chapters: one on consistency and coherence for non-CPU accelerators (with a focus on GPUs) and one that points to formal work and tools on consistency and coherence.
Book Synopsis Identification and Optimization of Sharing Patterns for Scalable Shared-memory Multiprocessors by : Stefanos Kaxiras
Download or read book Identification and Optimization of Sharing Patterns for Scalable Shared-memory Multiprocessors written by Stefanos Kaxiras and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
