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Diradicaloids
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Download or read book Diradicaloids written by Jishan Wu and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-04-01 with total page 638 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: π-Conjugated molecules with an even number of π-electrons usually have a closed-shell ground state. However, recent studies have demonstrated that a certain type of molecules could show open-shell singlet ground state and display diradical-like (diradicaloid) behavior. Their electronic structure can be understood in terms of the “diradical character” and “aromaticity” concepts. They display very different electronic properties from traditional closed-shell π-conjugated molecules and could be used as next-generation molecular materials. This book provides a comprehensive review on the chemistry, physics, and material applications of open-shell singlet diradicaloids. Particularly, it elaborates the fundamental structure–diradical character–electronic property relationships both theoretically and experimentally. The book has been written by leading scientists in the field from Japan, Germany, Spain, Italy, China, and Singapore.
Book Synopsis Astrobiology: Future Perspectives by : P. Ehrenfreund
Download or read book Astrobiology: Future Perspectives written by P. Ehrenfreund and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-03-05 with total page 521 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Astrobiology, a new exciting interdisciplinary research field, seeks to unravel the origin and evolution of life wherever it might exist in the Universe. The current view of the origin of life on Earth is that it is strongly connected to the origin and evolution of our planet and, indeed, of the Universe as a whole. We are fortunate to be living in an era where centuries of speculation about the two ancient and fundamental problems: the origin of life and its prevalence in the Universe are being replaced by experimental science. The subject of Astrobiology can be approached from many different perspectives. This book is focused on abiogenic organic matter from the viewpoint of astronomy and planetary science and considers its potential relevance to the origins of life on Earth and elsewhere. Guided by the review papers in this book, the concluding chapter aims to identify key questions to motivate future research and stimulate astrobiological applications of current and future research facilities and space missions. Today’s rich array of new spacecraft, telescopes and dedicated scientists promises a steady flow of discoveries and insights that will ultimately lead us to the answers we seek.
Book Synopsis Applications of EPR in Radiation Research by : Anders Lund
Download or read book Applications of EPR in Radiation Research written by Anders Lund and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-10-20 with total page 773 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Applications of EPR in Radiation Research is a multi-author contributed volume presented in eight themes: I. Elementary radiation processes (in situ and low temperature radiolysis, quantum solids); II: Solid state radiation chemistry (crystalline, amorphous and heterogeneous systems); III: Biochemistry, biophysics and biology applications (radicals in biomaterials, spin trapping, free-radical-induced DNA damage); IV: Materials science (polymeric and electronic materials, materials for treatment of nuclear waste, irradiated food); V: Radiation metrology (EPR-dosimetry, retrospective and medical applications); VI: Geological dating; VII: Advanced techniques (PELDOR, ESE and ENDOR spectroscopy, matrix isolation); VIII: Theoretical tools (density-functional calculations, spectrum simulations).
Download or read book Aromaticity written by Israel Fernandez and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-05-16 with total page 517 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Evaluating the aromaticity of a molecular system and the influence of this concept on its properties is a crucial step in the development of novel aromatic systems. Modern computational methods can provide researchers with a high level of insight into such aromaticity, but identifying the most appropriate method for assessing a specific system can prove difficult. Aromaticity: Modern Computational Methods and Applications reviews the latest state-of-the-art computational methods in this field and discusses their applicability for evaluating the aromaticity of a system. In addition to covering aromaticity for typical organic molecules, this volume also explores systems possessing transition metals in their structures, macrocycles and even transition structures. The influence of the aromaticity on the properties of these species (including the structure, magnetic properties and reactivity) is highlighted, along with potential applications in fields including materials science and medicinal chemistry. Finally, the controversial and fuzzy nature of aromaticity as a concept is discussed, providing the basis for an updated and more comprehensive definition of this concept. Drawing on the knowledge of an international team of experts, Aromaticity: Modern Computational Methods and Applications is a unique guide for anyone researching, studying or applying principles of aromaticity in their work, from computational and organic chemists to pharmaceutical and materials scientists. Reviews a range of computational methods to assess the aromatic nature of different compounds, helping readers select the most useful tool for the system they are studying Presents a complete guide to the key concepts and fundamental principles of aromaticity Provides guidance on identifying which variables should be modified to tune the properties of an aromatic system for different potential applications
Book Synopsis Advances in Physical Organic Chemistry by :
Download or read book Advances in Physical Organic Chemistry written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2021-11-22 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Physical Organic Chemistry, Volume 55, presents the latest reviews of recent work in physical organic chemistry. The book provides a valuable source of information that is ideal not only for physical organic chemists applying their expertise to both novel and traditional problems, but also for non-specialists across diverse areas who identify a physical organic component in their approach to research. The book's hallmark is its quantitative, molecular level understanding of phenomena across a diverse range of disciplines. Reviews the application of quantitative and mathematical methods to help readers understand chemical problems Provides the chemical community with authoritative and critical assessments of the many aspects of physical organic chemistry Covers organic, organometallic, bioorganic, enzymes and materials topics Presents the only regularly published resource for reviews in physical organic chemistry Written by authoritative experts who cover a wide range of topics that require a quantitative, molecular-level understanding of phenomena across a diverse range of disciplines
Book Synopsis Physical Organic Chemistry of Quinodimethanes by : Yoshito Tobe
Download or read book Physical Organic Chemistry of Quinodimethanes written by Yoshito Tobe and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-07-03 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The series Topics in Current Chemistry Collections presents critical reviews from the journal Topics in Current Chemistry organized in topical volumes. The scope of coverage is all areas of chemical science including the interfaces with related disciplines such as biology, medicine and materials science. The goal of each thematic volume is to give the non-specialist reader, whether in academia or industry, a comprehensive insight into an area where new research is emerging which is of interest to a larger scientific audience. Each review within the volume critically surveys one aspect of that topic and places it within the context of the volume as a whole. The most significant developments of the last 5 to 10 years are presented using selected examples to illustrate the principles discussed. The coverage is not intended to be an exhaustive summary of the field or include large quantities of data, but should rather be conceptual, concentrating on the methodological thinking that will allow the non-specialist reader to understand the information presented. Contributions also offer an outlook on potential future developments in the field.
Book Synopsis Polycyclic Arenes and Heteroarenes by : Qian Miao
Download or read book Polycyclic Arenes and Heteroarenes written by Qian Miao and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-12-21 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first book of its kind to focus on the chemistry of this promising class of molecules. Edited by an innovator in the field, who has gathered an international team of well-established experts, this is a comprehensive overview of the rapidly developing field of polycyclic (hetero)arenes, specifically highlighting on their molecular design and the latest synthetic procedures, as well as chemical and physical properties. Each chapter is dedicated to a specific compound class, the first eight covering polycyclic arenes, including both planar and non-planar conjugated molecules, while chapters nine to twelve deal with polycylic heteroarenes according to the heteroatoms, namely N, B, S and P. Important current and emergent applications in the field are also discussed, ranging from molecular sensors to electronic devices. The result is an essential reference for researchers in synthetic and physical organic chemistry, supramolecular chemistry, and materials science.
Book Synopsis Kinetic Control in Synthesis and Self-Assembly by : Munenori Numata
Download or read book Kinetic Control in Synthesis and Self-Assembly written by Munenori Numata and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-11-23 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Kinetic Control in Synthesis and Self-Assembly provides a unique overview of the fundamental principles, novel methods and practical applications for researchers across organic synthesis, supramolecular chemistry and materials sciences. The book examines naturally occurring molecular systems in which kinetic processes are more ubiquitous than thermodynamic processes, also exploring the control of reactions and molecular self-assemblies, through kinetic processes, in artificial systems. These methods currently play a crucial role for tuning materials functions. From organic synthesis, to supramolecular assemblies, and from restricted spaces, to material synthesis for hierarchical structures, the book offers valuable coverage for researchers across disciplines. Interesting topics include how to regulate kinetic pathways more precisely, essential molecular design for kinetic traps, and how molecular environments surrounding molecules (i.e., solvent, temperature, and pressure effects) influence kinetic control in reactions and self-assemblies. Describes the nature and potential applications of kinetic processes compared to thermodynamic processes Presents information useful to researchers active in molecular synthesis and self-assembly toward materials Collates coverage of kinetic control for synthesis and self-assembly, treated separately in literature
Book Synopsis Theory of Organic Reactions by : N. D. Epiotis
Download or read book Theory of Organic Reactions written by N. D. Epiotis and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Excitation Energies and Properties of Open-Shell Singlet Molecules by : Masayoshi Nakano
Download or read book Excitation Energies and Properties of Open-Shell Singlet Molecules written by Masayoshi Nakano and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-08-02 with total page 121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This brief investigates the diradical character, which is one of the ground-state chemical indices for "bond weakness" or "electron correlation" and which allows researchers to explore the origins of the electron-correlation-driven physico-chemical phenomena concerned with electronic, optical and magnetic properties as well as to control them in the broad fields of physics and chemistry. It then provides the theoretical fundamentals of ground and excited electronic structures of symmetric and asymmetric open-shell molecular systems by using model molecular systems. Moreover, it presents the theoretical design guidelines for a new class of open-shell singlet molecular systems for nonlinear optics (NLO) and singlet fission.
Book Synopsis Chemistry of Carbon Nanostructures by : Klaus Muellen
Download or read book Chemistry of Carbon Nanostructures written by Klaus Muellen and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2017-06-12 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chemistry of Carbon Nanostructures aims to present the current state-of-the-art synthesis and application of carbon materials like nano diamonds, ribbons and graphene-like structures in science and engineering. Edited by Professor Klaus Müllen, who received the Adolf von Bayer Medal for his contribution to Carbon Chemistry, and Xinliang Feng, this book combines outstanding contributions by a renowned international team of experts. The authors discuss chemical aspects of carbon nanostructures, their synthesis, functionalization and design strategies for defi ned applications. Recent advances in carbon nanomembranes, molecule-assisted ultrasound-induced liquid-phase exfoliation of graphene, and solution synthesis of graphene nanoribbons and biological application of nanodiamonds are highlighted topics. This book provides an excellent reference on the chemistry of carbon nanostructures for Chemists, Materials Scientists, Condensed-matter Physicists, Surface Scientists, and Engineers.
Download or read book Organic Chemistry written by Pierre Vogel and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-07-30 with total page 1382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The know-how about reactivity, reaction mechanisms, thermodynamics and other basics in physical organic chemistry is the key for successful organic reactions. This textbook presents comprehensively this knowledge to the student and to the researcher, too. Includes Q&As.
Book Synopsis Graphene Science Handbook by : Mahmood Aliofkhazraei
Download or read book Graphene Science Handbook written by Mahmood Aliofkhazraei and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-27 with total page 719 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discover the Unique Electron Transport Properties of GrapheneThe Graphene Science Handbook is a six-volume set that describes graphene's special structural, electrical, and chemical properties. The book considers how these properties can be used in different applications (including the development of batteries, fuel cells, photovoltaic cells, and s
Book Synopsis Graphene Science Handbook, Six-Volume Set by : Mahmood Aliofkhazraei
Download or read book Graphene Science Handbook, Six-Volume Set written by Mahmood Aliofkhazraei and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-26 with total page 3379 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Graphene is the strongest material ever studied and can be an efficient substitute for silicon. This six-volume handbook focuses on fabrication methods, nanostructure and atomic arrangement, electrical and optical properties, mechanical and chemical properties, size-dependent properties, and applications and industrialization. There is no other major reference work of this scope on the topic of graphene, which is one of the most researched materials of the twenty-first century. The set includes contributions from top researchers in the field and a foreword written by two Nobel laureates in physics. Volumes in the set: K20503 Graphene Science Handbook: Mechanical and Chemical Properties (ISBN: 9781466591233) K20505 Graphene Science Handbook: Fabrication Methods (ISBN: 9781466591271) K20507 Graphene Science Handbook: Electrical and Optical Properties (ISBN: 9781466591318) K20508 Graphene Science Handbook: Applications and Industrialization (ISBN: 9781466591332) K20509 Graphene Science Handbook: Size-Dependent Properties (ISBN: 9781466591356) K20510 Graphene Science Handbook: Nanostructure and Atomic Arrangement (ISBN: 9781466591370)
Book Synopsis Topics in Stereochemistry by : Ernest L. Eliel
Download or read book Topics in Stereochemistry written by Ernest L. Eliel and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-09-17 with total page 550 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This seminal series, first edited by Ernest Eliel, responsible for some of the major advances in stereochemistry and the winner of the ACS Priestley Medal in 1996, provides coverage of the major developments of the field of stereochemistry. The scope of this series is broadly defined to encompass all fields of chemical and biological sciences that are founded on molecular and supramolecular interactions. Insofar as chemical, physical, and biological properties are determined by molecular shape and structure, the importance of stereochemistry is fundamental to and consequential for all natural sciences. Topics in Stereochemistry serves as a multidisciplinary series that enriches all of chemistry. Aimed at advanced students, university professors and teachers as well as researchers in pharmaceutical, agricultural, biotechnological, polymer, materials, and fine chemical industries, Topics in Stereochemistry publishes definitive and scholarly reviews in stereochemistry and has long been recognized as the gold standard reference work in this field. Covering the effect of chirality on all aspects of molecular interaction from the fundamental physical chemical properties of molecules and their molecular physics to the application of chirality in new areas such as its applications in materials science, Topics in Stereochemistry explores a wide variety of properties, both physical and chemical of isomers with a view to their applications in a number of disciplines from biochemistry to materials science.
Book Synopsis Emerging Strategies to Reduce Transmission and Thermalization Losses in Solar Cells by : Jonas Sandby Lissau
Download or read book Emerging Strategies to Reduce Transmission and Thermalization Losses in Solar Cells written by Jonas Sandby Lissau and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-10-13 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book describes emerging strategies to circumvent transmission and thermalization losses in solar cells, and thereby redefine the limits of solar power conversion efficiency. These strategies include the use of organic molecules and rare-earth metal materials. Approaches to augment the efficiency of these processes via near-field enhancement are described as well. This book includes a discussion of state-of-the-art implementations of these emerging strategies in solar cells, both internally, as in molecular intermediate band and charge carrier multiplication, and externally, such as photon up- and down-conversion. Tools for characterization are also provided. Written by leading researchers in the field, this book can be useful to both beginners and experienced researchers in solar energy.
Book Synopsis Chemical Science of π-Electron Systems by : Takeshi Akasaka
Download or read book Chemical Science of π-Electron Systems written by Takeshi Akasaka and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-11-05 with total page 777 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the most advanced review available of all aspects of π-electron systems, including novel structures, new synthetic protocols, chemical and physical properties, spectroscopic and computational insights, molecular engineering, device properties and physiological properties. π-Electron systems are ubiquitous in nature. Plants convert light energy into chemical energy by photosynthetic processes, in which chlorophylls and other porphyrinoids play an important role. On the one hand, research to learn about photosynthesis from nature has led to understanding of electron and energy transfer processes and to achieving artificial energy conversion systems inspired by nature. On the other hand, recent advances in organic and inorganic chemistry make it possible to construct novel π-electron systems that had never existed in nature. The authors of this book are from a variety of research fields including organic chemistry, inorganic chemistry, physical chemistry, materials science, and biology, providing a comprehensive overview of π-electron systems for a broad readership. Not only specialists but also graduate students working in π-electron systems will find the book of great interest. Throughout, the diverse potential for future fruitful applications of π-electron systems is revealed to the reader.
