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Development Of Dopaminergic Neurons From Neural Stem Cells And Transplantation Into A Neonatal And Adult Animal Model Of Parkinsons Disease
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Book Synopsis Development of Dopaminergic Neurons from Neural Stem Cells and Transplantation Into a Neonatal and Adult Animal Model of Parkinson's Disease by : Torben Scholz
Download or read book Development of Dopaminergic Neurons from Neural Stem Cells and Transplantation Into a Neonatal and Adult Animal Model of Parkinson's Disease written by Torben Scholz and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Dopaminergic Neuron Transplantation in the Weaver Mouse Model of Parkinson’s Disease by : Lazaros C. Triarhou
Download or read book Dopaminergic Neuron Transplantation in the Weaver Mouse Model of Parkinson’s Disease written by Lazaros C. Triarhou and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the culmination of fifteen years of research on the transplantation of dopaminergic neurons in the striatum of the weaver mouse (wv/wv), a neurological mutant characterized by genetically-determined degeneration of midbrain dopamine neurons. This mutant constitutes the only available laboratory model with a chronic disorder that mimics Parkinson's disease. Structural and functional aspects of intrastriatal mesencephalic neuron grafting into the weaver model are reviewed, including histochemical correlates of graft survival and integration, numerical aspects of donor cell survival, ultrastructural findings on synaptogenesis, neurochemical indices of dopamine uptake and receptor binding, gene expression of structural and neurotransmitter-receptor related molecules, levels of striatal amino acid receptors, and behavioural effects of unilateral and bilateral neuronal transplantations.
Book Synopsis Development and Engineering of Dopamine Neurons by : Jeroen Pasterkamp
Download or read book Development and Engineering of Dopamine Neurons written by Jeroen Pasterkamp and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-12-16 with total page 143 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Theneurotransmitter dopamine has just celebrated its 50thbirthday. The discovery of dopamine as a neuronal entity in the late 1950s and the notion that it serves in neurotransmission has been a milestone in the field of neuroscience research. This milestone marked the beginning of an era that explored the brain as an integrated collection of neuronal systems that one could distinguish on basis of neurotransm- ter identities, and importantly, in which one started to be able to pinpoint the seat of brain disease. The mesodiencephalic dopaminergic (mdDA) system, previously designated as midbraindopaminergic system, has received much attention since its discovery. The initial identification of dopamine as a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS) and its relevance to psychiatric and neurological disorders have stimulated a plethora of neurochemical, pharmacological and genetic studies into the function of dopamine neurons and theirprojections. In the last decade, studies on gene expression and development have further increased the knowledge of this neuronal population and have unmasked a new level of complexity. The start of the molecular dissection of the mdDA system has been marked by the cloning and characterization ofNurrl and Pitx3. These transcription factors were shown to have a critical function during mdDA development. These initial studies have been followed by the identification of many other proteins, which have a crucial function in the creation of a dopamine neuron permissive region, induction of precursors, induction of terminaldifferent- tion and finally maintenance of the mdDA neuronal pool.
Book Synopsis Microtransplantation of Nigral Dopamine Neurons in a Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease by : Guido Nikkhah
Download or read book Microtransplantation of Nigral Dopamine Neurons in a Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease written by Guido Nikkhah and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Dopaminergic Neuron Transplantation in the Weaver Mouse Model of Parkinson's Disease by : Lazaros Constantinos Triarhou
Download or read book Dopaminergic Neuron Transplantation in the Weaver Mouse Model of Parkinson's Disease written by Lazaros Constantinos Triarhou and published by . This book was released on 2002-01-01 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book is the result of 15 years of research on the transplantation of dopaminergic neurons in the striatum of the weaver mouse, a neurological mutant characterized by genetically-determined degeneration of midbrain dopamine neurons."--V.
Book Synopsis Birth, Life and Death of Dopaminergic Neurons in the Substantia Nigra by : Giuseppe di Giovanni
Download or read book Birth, Life and Death of Dopaminergic Neurons in the Substantia Nigra written by Giuseppe di Giovanni and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-09-02 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a unique and timely multidisciplinary synthesis of our current knowledge of the anatomy, pharmacology, physiology and pathology of the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) dopaminergic neurons. The single chapters, written by top scientists in their fields, explore the life cycle of dopaminergic neurons from their birth to death, the cause of Parkinson's disease, the second most common and disabling condition in the elderly population. Nevertheless, the intracellular cascade of events leading to dopamine cell death is still unknown and, consequently, treatment is symptomatic rather than preventive. The mechanisms by which alterations cause neuronal death, new therapeutic approaches and the latest evidence of a possible de novo neurogenesis in the SNc are reviewed and singled out in different chapters. This book bridges basic science and clinical practice and will prepare the reader for the next few years, which will surely be eventful in terms of the progress of dopamine research.
Book Synopsis Dopaminergic Neuron Transplantation in the Weaver Mouse Model of Parkinson’s Disease by : Lazaros Triarhou
Download or read book Dopaminergic Neuron Transplantation in the Weaver Mouse Model of Parkinson’s Disease written by Lazaros Triarhou and published by Springer. This book was released on with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Neural Transplantation by : William J. Freed
Download or read book Neural Transplantation written by William J. Freed and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2000 with total page 590 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After providing basic background on transplantation, brain structure, and development, the book discusses Parkinson's disease, the use of transplants to influence localized brain functions, circuit reconstruction, and genetic engineering and other future technologies.
Book Synopsis Development of Dopaminergic Neurons by : Umberto Di Porzio
Download or read book Development of Dopaminergic Neurons written by Umberto Di Porzio and published by Landes Bioscience. This book was released on 1999 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Cellular and Molecular Aspects of Cell Therapy in Mouse Models of Parkinson's Disease and Traumatic Brain Injury by : Sarah Mantash
Download or read book Cellular and Molecular Aspects of Cell Therapy in Mouse Models of Parkinson's Disease and Traumatic Brain Injury written by Sarah Mantash and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease (PD) and traumatic brain injuries (TBI) are the most common causes of neural cell death and constitute a serious public health concern with hundreds of thousand people affected each year. In this way, many efforts are developed to understand the molecular and cellular bases of neurodegenerative processes and to devise effective therapies. Indeed, several surgery- or drug-based treatments have been postulated as therapeutic avenues for TBI and PD. For example, deep brain stimulation aims to relieve symptomatic complications in patients with PD and decompressive craniectomy can reduce the intracranial pressure after TBI. Pharmaceutical interventions in TBI include drugs that target secondary injury mechanisms. In PD, using dopamine agonists such as L-DOPA aims to compensate the dopaminergic (DA) loss in the striatum. However, these treatments are most often symptomatologic and do not completely re-establish the degenerated pathways or lost neurons. In this way, cell therapy is a promising avenue to restore disrupted pathways and replace lost neurons in PD and TBI. In this work, we studied molecular and cellular mechanisms of a cell therapy in mouse models of PD and TBI.In PD, fetal cell transplantations have been long considered as a promising therapeutic approach to restore the disrupted nigrostriatal dopaminergic connectivity which is initially established under the influence of multiple axon guidance cues. We and others previously showed that intranigral transplantation in adult mice model of PD, of fetal ventral mesencephalon cells collected from E12.5 mice embryos functionally and anatomically restores the motor deficits. In addition, we previously showed that Semaphorin7A (Sema7A) axon guidance molecule may be more particularly involved in this restoration since its expression increases after transplantation in several regions surrounding the nigrostriatal pathway. By this mean, we investigated the influence of Sema7A on the nigrostriatal pathway reconstruction in a mouse model of PD, toxically induced with 6-hydroxydopamine and after grafting with E12.5 ventral mesencephalon fetal cells. We also tested the influence of this axon guidance molecule in the establishment of this pathway during embryogenesis and in intact adult brain using Sema7A knock-out mice. We showed that Sema7A is necessary for the development of the DA neurons in the ventral mesencephalon during embryogenesis and is differentially expressed in the adult striatum, suggesting its implication in the mesostriatal DA topography. After fetal cell therapy in a mouse model of PD, we showed that Sema7A may play a role in the neuroinflammation processes described to decrease the survival of the grafted cells. These results bring new insights on the role of Sema7A in the development of DA neurons and for protective strategies of grafted cells in cell therapy approaches. Finally, we explored the whole proteome in nigrostriatal pathway-related regions in adults to test the influence of fetal cell transplantation on protein expression.Cortical brain injuries are also candidates for cell replacement strategies to ameliorate functional recovery and anatomical repair. Thus, as presented in the second part of this work, we assessed the effects of neural cell transplantation in a mild controlled cortical impact mouse model of TBI. We observed that implantation of embryonic neural stem cells or of differentiated cells decreases neuroinflammation and enhances neurogenesis following grafting. Moreover, association of neural stem cell transplantation with docosahexaenoic acid injections significantly attenuated TBI-induced motor function deficits and promoted neurogenesis.In conclusion, considering a combined therapeutic strategy by integrating cell transplantation protocols and targeting specific molecules involved in normal functioning of the neuronal circuitry, could ameliorate recovery in patients with PD and TBI.
Book Synopsis Human Neural Stem Cell Therapy in a Primate Model for Parkinson's Disease by : Dustin Robert Wakeman
Download or read book Human Neural Stem Cell Therapy in a Primate Model for Parkinson's Disease written by Dustin Robert Wakeman and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neural stem cells derived from various sources have shown considerable promise for the treatment of parkinsonian symptoms in a variety of animal models; however, the long-term potential of human neural stem cells to engraft, differentiate into dopamine neurons, and restore function in the dopamine-depleted non-human primate brain remains unknown. This dissertation describes a clinically relevant paradigm for transplantation of undifferentiated human fetal subventricular-zone derived NSC in the parkinsonian primate, including gene therapy enhancement with GDNF. Chapter 1 reviews literature regarding functional properties of NSC that make them a candidate for cellular transplantation in neurodegenerative disorders, the potent neurotrophic effects of GDNF, as well as the rationale for utilizing large animals to adequately test stem cell therapeutics. Chapter 2 describes a novel culturing system to overcome cellular senescence and efficiently expand large-scale human fetal NSC long-term without aberration. Included are clinically pertinent techniques to produce and deliver hfNSC into both the rodent and primate brain, as well as new advances in radiological tracking and imaging utilizing FDA-approved supra-magnetic iron-oxide particles. Chapter 3 demonstrates the first reported evidence that undifferentiated hfNSC differentiate into some TH-ir neurons and restore functional deficits in parkinsonian non-human primates. Normalization of dopamine-levels and nigrostriatal circuitry argue for neuroprotective effects of endogenous cells rather than direct cell replacement. To allow for morphological analysis of donor grafts, reporter hfNSC were created (Ch. 2) for long-term studies. Chapter 4 presents a new paradigm in which hfNSC are homotopically transplanted concomitantly with striatal AAV-GDNF to enhance graft survival and promote axonal outgrowth. Transplanted cells engrafted for up to 11-months and differentiated extensively congruent with host circuitry, demonstrating for the first time that undifferentiated hfNSC retain developmentally relevant programs of differentiation and respond to host signals in the dopamine-depleted primate brain. Further, evidence supports the standing argument that fetal subventricular-zone derived NSC do not significantly differentiate into mature A9-subtype midbrain dopamine neurons in-vivo, even in a GDNF-rich environment. Chapter 5 discusses the significance of these findings to cellular transplantation in the adult CNS and the future application of stem cell transplantation with regards to Parkinson's disease.
Book Synopsis Neural Development and Stem Cells by : Mahendra S. Rao
Download or read book Neural Development and Stem Cells written by Mahendra S. Rao and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006 with total page 451 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For this new edition of his celebrated work, Mahendra S. Rao, MBBS, PhD, has assembled a panel of leading experts to expand and update his well-received Stem Cells and CNS Development to reflect the enormous increase in our knowledge of the development of the nervous system. Working from a new understanding that the regionalization of stem cells occurs early in development and that this bias appears to persist even after prolonged culture, Dr. Rao has added additional chapters on olfactory epithelial stem cells and retinal stem cells, both of which differ in their properties from ventricular zone and subventricular zone-derived neural stem cells. A new chapter on cell death summarizes the important changes in the death pathway that occur as stem cells mature. Special attention is paid to the derivation of neural cells from embryonic stem cells. All chapters from the first edition have been extensively revised and updated. Appendices provide information on neural stem cell companies, stem cells and transplants, patents and stem cells, and US federal government guidelines on stem cells.
Book Synopsis Development of Neural Stem Cell-Based Therapies for Parkinson's Disease by : Jiunn-Tay Lee
Download or read book Development of Neural Stem Cell-Based Therapies for Parkinson's Disease written by Jiunn-Tay Lee and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neural stem cell (NSC)-based therapies, such as cell transplantation, are an emerging strategy for restoring neuronal function in Parkinson's disease (PD), which is characterized by a profound and selective loss of nigrostriatal dopaminergic (DA) neurons. Advanced researches on the microenvironment of grafted cells will promote clinical applications of NSCs for neurological disorders. A novel cell culture model of the neurovascular network was therefore devised to investigate autocrine, paracrine, and juxtacrine signaling in the neurovascular unit generated by NSCs and vascular endothelial cells. Preclinical studies using cutting-edge technologies, including cellular reprogramming, advancement in scaffolds for brain tissue engineering, image-guided injection, and noninvasive monitoring of tissue regeneration will pave the way for successful clinical trials of NSC-based therapies for PD. Once the implanted or regenerated DA neurons are integrated into the existing nigrostriatal DA pathway, the symptoms of PD can potentially be alleviated by reversing characteristic neurodegeneration.
Book Synopsis Transplantation of Fetal Dopamine Neurons in an Animal Model of Parkinson's Disease by : Craig Gilmour Van Horne
Download or read book Transplantation of Fetal Dopamine Neurons in an Animal Model of Parkinson's Disease written by Craig Gilmour Van Horne and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Transplantation of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Dopaminergic Neurons in a Unilateral 6-Hydroxydopamine Lesion Rat Model of Parkinson’s Disease by : Keneuoe Hycianth Thinyane
Download or read book Transplantation of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Dopaminergic Neurons in a Unilateral 6-Hydroxydopamine Lesion Rat Model of Parkinson’s Disease written by Keneuoe Hycianth Thinyane and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis 'In Vitro Analysis of Stem Cell Generated Dopaminergic Neurons' by : Theodora Papanikolaou
Download or read book 'In Vitro Analysis of Stem Cell Generated Dopaminergic Neurons' written by Theodora Papanikolaou and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Transplantation of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-derived Dopaminergic Neuronal-like Cells Into the 6-hydroxydopamine Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease by : Gabrielle P. Shall
Download or read book Transplantation of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-derived Dopaminergic Neuronal-like Cells Into the 6-hydroxydopamine Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease written by Gabrielle P. Shall and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
