Development of a Green Heterogeneous-catalyzed Process for the Production of Astm-standard Biodiesel from Multi-feedstocks

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 268 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (988 download)

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Book Synopsis Development of a Green Heterogeneous-catalyzed Process for the Production of Astm-standard Biodiesel from Multi-feedstocks by : Aijaz Baig

Download or read book Development of a Green Heterogeneous-catalyzed Process for the Production of Astm-standard Biodiesel from Multi-feedstocks written by Aijaz Baig and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biodiesel is a renewable and biodegradable alternative green fuel for petroleum-based diesel. The major obstacle for the production of biodiesel at an industrial scale is the high production cost, which is related to the relative high price of the conventional “1st generation feedstocks” (refined vegetable oils) used. This problem can be addressed by using low cost feedstocks such as waste oils and fats. However, these feedstocks contain high amounts of free fatty acids (FFA) which cannot be used for the production of biodiesel using a traditional homogeneous alkali-catalyzed transesterification process. Furthermore, there is a great need to develop a green process which can be used for multiple feedstocks. This shows the universal ability of the process to be adopted as per availability of local feedstock. In this study, a single-step second generation heterogeneous-catalyzed process is developed to produce biodiesel from multi-feedstocks. Due to an increase in the commercial use of biodiesel and biodiesel blends, both ASTM D6751 and EN 14214 include the acid number (AN) as an important quality parameter. Currently, ASTM D974 and D664 analytical methods for acid number analysis of biodiesel are time consuming, expensive, and environmentally not friendly. Therefore, ASTM D974 has been modified and a green analytical method has been developed. This extensive study has demonstrated that this new method is a reliable method for the determination of AN and could be used for establishing the specifications of AN for biodiesel and biodiesel blends ranging from B1 to B20 in quality standards. The ASTM reference standard method D664, has major problems such as the use of excess toxic solvents, large sample size, mediocre reproducibility, tedious process for cleaning electrodes, and relatively long analysis time. Therefore, a new proposed method based on green chemistry approaches, has been developed to determine the acid number of biodiesel and biodiesel blends using small sample size and reduced toxic titration solvent. This proposed green analytical method could be used for the determination of AN of biodiesel and biodiesel blends in R&D as well as industrial quality control laboratories as a simple, time-efficient, cost effective and environmentally friendly method.

Biodiesel Production with Green Technologies

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319452738
Total Pages : 142 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (194 download)

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Book Synopsis Biodiesel Production with Green Technologies by : Aminul Islam

Download or read book Biodiesel Production with Green Technologies written by Aminul Islam and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-09-23 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a single-source reference to green technologies in advanced biofuel technology. The main focus is on the description of the state of the art in catalytic processes for the "green" production of biofuels. The authors describe two different, practical approaches for catalysts, which allow for effective and easy separation of the catalyst by simple filtration, and enable reuse for several cycles. Readers will gain understanding as to the mechanisms involved in the synthesis and structure formation of the catalyst, in order to maximize yield of biodiesel production. The authors also address the question of how catalytic material should be distributed inside a porous support to obtain optimal performance. The effects of physicochemical and operating parameters are analyzed to gain insight into the underlying phenomena governing the performance of optimally designed catalysts.“br>

Biodiesel Production

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Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119771331
Total Pages : 436 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (197 download)

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Book Synopsis Biodiesel Production by : Samuel Lalthazuala Rokhum

Download or read book Biodiesel Production written by Samuel Lalthazuala Rokhum and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-05-17 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An incisive discussion of biofuel production from an economically informed technical perspective that addresses sustainability and commercialization together In Biodiesel Production: Feedstocks, Catalysts and Technologies, renowned chemists Drs Rokhum, Halder, Ngaosuwan and Assabumrungrat present an up-to-date account of the most recent developments, challenges, and trends in biodiesel production. The book addresses select feedstocks, including edible and non-edible oils, waste cooking oil, microalgae, and animal fats, and highlights their advantages and disadvantages from a variety of perspectives. It also discusses several catalysts used in each of their methods of preparation, as well as their synthesis, reactivity, recycling techniques, and stability. The contributions explore recently developed technologies for sustainable production of biodiesel and provides robust treatments of their sustainability, commercialization, and their prospects for future biodiesel production. A thorough introduction to the various catalysts used in the preparation of biodiesel and their characteristics Comprehensive explorations of biofuel production from technical and economic perspectives, with complete treatments of their sustainability and commercialization Practical discussions of the development of new strategies for sustainable and economically viable biodiesel production In-depth examinations of biodiesel feedstocks, catalysts, and technologies Perfect for academic researchers and industrial scientists working in fields that involve biofuels, bioenergy, catalysis, and materials science, Biodiesel Production: Feedstocks, Catalysts and Technologies will also earn a place in the libraries of bioenergy regulators.

Advanced Technologies in Biodiesel

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Publisher : Momentum Press
ISBN 13 : 160650505X
Total Pages : 197 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (65 download)

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Book Synopsis Advanced Technologies in Biodiesel by : Aminul Islam

Download or read book Advanced Technologies in Biodiesel written by Aminul Islam and published by Momentum Press. This book was released on 2015-04-24 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The inadequacy of fossil fuel is the main driving force of the future sustainable energy around the world. Since heterogeneous catalysis is used in chemical industry for biodiesel production, achieving optimal catalytic performance is a significant issue for chemical engineers and chemists. Enormous attention has been placed in recent years on the selection of heterogeneous catalyst in biodiesel industry, where the catalyst could be facilitated highly selective toward desired products, easily handled, separated from the reaction medium, and subsequently reused. This book stresses an overview on the contributions of tailored solid acid and base catalysts to catalytic biodiesel synthesis, and the in uences of heterogeneous catalyst properties on biodiesel yield in order to develop a better understanding of catalyst design for the green production process as well as practical applications in the biodiesel industry.

Sustainable Catalytic Conversion of Biomass for the Production of Biofuels and Bioproducts

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Publisher : MDPI
ISBN 13 : 3039364332
Total Pages : 216 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (393 download)

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Book Synopsis Sustainable Catalytic Conversion of Biomass for the Production of Biofuels and Bioproducts by : Gabriel Morales

Download or read book Sustainable Catalytic Conversion of Biomass for the Production of Biofuels and Bioproducts written by Gabriel Morales and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-12-02 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biomass is widely considered as a potential alternative to dwindling fossil fuel reserves. There is a large variety of biomass sources (oleaginous, lignocellulosic, algae, etc.), with many possible conversion routes and products. Currently, biomass is not just viewed as a source of biofuels, but also as an interesting feedstock for the production of bio-based chemicals that could largely replace petrochemicals. In this context, the search for new sustainable and efficient alternatives to fossil sources is gaining increasing relevance within the chemical industry. There, the role of catalysis is often critical for the development of clean and sustainable processes, aiming to produce commodity chemicals or liquid fuels with a high efficiency and atom economy. This book gathers works at the cutting edge of investigation in the application of catalysis, for the sustainable conversion of biomass into biofuels and bio-based chemicals.

Waste and Biodiesel

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Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0128242310
Total Pages : 270 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (282 download)

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Book Synopsis Waste and Biodiesel by : Bhaskar Singh

Download or read book Waste and Biodiesel written by Bhaskar Singh and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2022-02-28 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Waste and Biodiesel: Feedstocks and Precursors for Catalysts is a comprehensive reference on waste material utilization at various stages of the biodiesel production process. The book discusses the technologies for converting cooking oil and waste animal fats to biodiesel, along with the efficacy of municipal waste derived lipids in biodiesel production. The use of wastewater-grown microalgae feedstock, oleaginous fungi, bacteria and yeast produced using waste substrate are also discussed. The use of various catalysts is addressed, including CaO derived from waste shell materials, fish and animal waste, inorganic waste materials like red mud and cement waste, and whole cell enzymes using waste substrate. Each chapter addresses the challenges of high production costs at a pilot and industrial scale, offering methods of cost reduction and waste remediation. This book is a valuable resource for researchers and industry professionals in environmental science, energy and renewable energy. Provides a comprehensive assessment of waste for biodiesel production, including novel feedstocks such as waste cooking oil, animal fats and municipal waste Discusses the synthesis of cost-effective catalysts from various waste materials such as animal bones, fish scales, shells, red mud and cement waste Presents multiple methods of cost reduction in biodiesel production, e.g., by utilizing waste as a nutrient source for oleaginous algae and fungi

Heterogeneous and Monolithic Catalyst Development for the Biodiesel Production Process & Evaluation of Static Mixers for the Esterification Process

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)

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Book Synopsis Heterogeneous and Monolithic Catalyst Development for the Biodiesel Production Process & Evaluation of Static Mixers for the Esterification Process by : Nagarajan Annamalai

Download or read book Heterogeneous and Monolithic Catalyst Development for the Biodiesel Production Process & Evaluation of Static Mixers for the Esterification Process written by Nagarajan Annamalai and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Catalysis for Clean Energy and Environmental Sustainability

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Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030650170
Total Pages : 933 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (36 download)

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Book Synopsis Catalysis for Clean Energy and Environmental Sustainability by : K. K. Pant

Download or read book Catalysis for Clean Energy and Environmental Sustainability written by K. K. Pant and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-05-13 with total page 933 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is part of a two-volume work that offers a unique blend of information on realistic evaluations of catalyst-based synthesis processes using green chemistry principles and the environmental sustainability applications of such processes for biomass conversion, refining, and petrochemical production. The volumes provide a comprehensive resource of state-of-the-art technologies and green chemistry methodologies from researchers, academics, and chemical and manufacturing industrial scientists. The work will be of interest to professors, researchers, and practitioners in clean energy catalysis, green chemistry, chemical engineering and manufacturing, and environmental sustainability. This volume focuses on the potentials, recent advances, and future prospects of catalysis for biomass conversion and value-added chemicals production via green catalytic routes. Readers are presented with a mechanistic framework assessing the development of product selective catalytic processes for biomass and biomass-derived feedstock conversion. The book offers a unique combination of contributions from experts working on both lab-scale and industrial catalytic processes and provides insight into the use of various catalytic materials (e.g., mineral acids, heteropolyacid, metal catalysts, zeolites, metal oxides) for clean energy production and environmental sustainability.

Advanced Nanocatalysts for Biodiesel Production

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000636720
Total Pages : 319 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (6 download)

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Book Synopsis Advanced Nanocatalysts for Biodiesel Production by : Bhaskar Singh

Download or read book Advanced Nanocatalysts for Biodiesel Production written by Bhaskar Singh and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-09-22 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advanced Nanocatalysts for Biodiesel Production is a comprehensive and advanced book on practical and theoretical concepts of nanocatalysts dealing with future processing techniques towards environmental sustainability. The book critically discusses on latest emerging advanced nanocatalysts for biodiesel production aimed at reducing complexities and cost in the quest to meet future energy demands. Efforts have been made at clarifying the scope and limitations of biodiesel production in large-scale commercialization. The book discusses the size-dependent catalytic properties of nanomaterials and their working mechanisms in biodiesel production. Life cycle assessment of optimized viable feedstock from domestic as well as industrial waste is also addressed to improve the efficiency of biodiesel production. The book will be a valuable reference source for researchers and industrial professionals focusing on elementary depth analysis of nanocatalyst multifunctional technological applications in seeking key ideas for mimicking biodiesel production towards ecology and the economy. Key Features Provides a comprehensive environmental assessment of advanced nanocatalysts for biodiesel production to meet tha world’s energy demands Discusses the green platform-based nanocatalysts like metal oxides/sulphides, 2D layered material synthesis and their relevance for biodiesel production. Presents a pathway for cheaper, cleaner and more environmentally friendly processing techniques for biodiesel production

Nano- and Biocatalysts for Biodiesel Production

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Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119730007
Total Pages : 371 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (197 download)

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Book Synopsis Nano- and Biocatalysts for Biodiesel Production by : Avinash P. Ingle

Download or read book Nano- and Biocatalysts for Biodiesel Production written by Avinash P. Ingle and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-06-21 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reviews recent advances in catalytic biodiesel synthesis, highlighting various nanocatalysts and nano(bio)catalysts developed for effective biodiesel production Nano- and Biocatalysts for Biodiesel Production delivers an essential reference for academic and industrial researchers in biomass valorization and biofuel industries. The book covers both nanocatalysts and biocatalysts, bridging the gap between homogenous and heterogenous catalysis. Readers will learn about the techno-economical and environmental aspects of biodiesel production using different feedstocks and catalysts. They will also discover how nano(bio)catalysts can be used as effective alternatives to conventional catalysts in biodiesel production due to their unique properties, including reusability, high activation energy and rate of reaction, easy recovery, and recyclability. Readers will benefit from the inclusion of: Introductions to CaO nanocatalysts, zeolite nanocatalysts, titanium dioxide-based nanocatalysts and zinc-based in biodiesel production An exploration of carbon-based heterogeneous nanocatalysts for the production of biodiesel Practical discussions of bio-based nano catalysts for biodiesel production and the application of nanoporous materials as heterogeneous catalysts for biodiesel production An analysis of the techno-economical considerations of biodiesel production using different feedstocks Nano- and Biocatalysts for Biodiesel Production focuses on recent advances in the field and offers a complete and informative guide for academic researchers and industrial scientists working in the fields of biofuels and bioenergy, catalysis, biotechnology, bioengineering, nanotechnology, and materials science.

Advances in Biodiesel Production

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Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0857095862
Total Pages : 305 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (57 download)

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Book Synopsis Advances in Biodiesel Production by : R Luque

Download or read book Advances in Biodiesel Production written by R Luque and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-02-22 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biodiesel is one of the main biofuels capable of substituting fossil fuel usage in compression ignition vehicles, and is used in a variety of fuel blends worldwide. First-generation biodiesel has been used in national markets for some time, with fuel quality standards in place for this purpose. There remain, however, several restrictions to sustainable and long term market development, which is influenced by many factors, including food vs. fuel pressures. The development of new generations of biodiesel, aimed at more sustainable and effective feedstock utilisation alongside improved production efficiency and fuel quality, is critical to the future both of this industry and of the continuing use of biodiesel fuels in transportation. This book provides a timely reference on the advances in the development of biodiesel fuels, production processes and technologies. Part one reviews the life cycle sustainability assessment and socio-economic and environmental policy issues associated with advanced biodiesel production, as well as feedstocks and fuel quality standards. This coverage is extended in Part two, with chapters focussing on the development of methods and catalysts essential to the improvement and optimisation of biodiesel production processes and technologies. With its distinguished editors and international team of contributors, Advances in biodiesel production a standard reference for chemical, biochemical and industrial process engineers, as well as scientists and researchers in this important field. Provides a timely reference on the advances in the development of biodiesel fuels, production processes and technologies Reviews the life cycle sustainability assessment and socio-economic and environmental policy issues associated with advanced biodiesel production, as well as feedstocks and fuel quality standards Discusses the development of methods and catalysts essential to the improvement and optimisation of biodiesel production processes and technologies

Development of a Heterogeneously Catalyzed Chemical Process to Produce Biodiesel

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (516 download)

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Book Synopsis Development of a Heterogeneously Catalyzed Chemical Process to Produce Biodiesel by : Alok Kumar Singh

Download or read book Development of a Heterogeneously Catalyzed Chemical Process to Produce Biodiesel written by Alok Kumar Singh and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biodiesel is a renewable, biodegradable, and nontoxic fuel. At present, when homogeneous catalysts are used, biodiesel is primarily produced in batch reactors in which the required energy is provided by heating accompanied by mechanical mixing. Alternatively, ultrasonic processing could be an effective way to attain required mixing while providing the necessary activation energy. We found that, using ultrasonication, a biodiesel yield in excess of 99% can be achieved in a short time duration of five minutes or less in comparison to one hour or more using conventional batch reactor systems. Homogeneous acid or base catalysts dissolve fully in the glycerol layer and partially in the fatty acid methyl esters (biodiesel) layer during the triglyceride transesterification process. Heterogeneous (solid) catalysts, on the other hand, can prevent catalyst contamination making product separation much easier. In the present work, one of the objectives was to determine the transesterification kinetics of different pure metal oxide catalysts, mixed metal oxide catalysts, layered double hydroxides with their corresponding yield is presented. It was found that heterogeneous catalysts require much higher temperatures (215°C) and pressures to achieve acceptable conversion levels compared to homogeneous catalysts. For some of the mixed metal oxide solid catalysts a conversion level of 99% was observed. The present study also deals with the catalyst characterization on the basis of their acidity/ basicity and site strength, and surface area. Finally the deoxygenation of fatty acid methyl esters was carried out in order to upgrade the biodiesel. As a result, several aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons were detected in the mass spectrometric studies. This dissertation consists of five chapters. Chapter I present a brief introduction, Chapter II contains a review of literature, Chapter III contains the materials and methods used in this study, Chapter IV presents the results and its discussions, Chapter V discusses the summary.

New and Future Developments in Catalysis

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Publisher : Elsevier Inc. Chapters
ISBN 13 : 0128081988
Total Pages : 49 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (28 download)

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Book Synopsis New and Future Developments in Catalysis by : Richard S. Parnas

Download or read book New and Future Developments in Catalysis written by Richard S. Parnas and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-07-17 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Microalgae Cultivation for Biofuels Production

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Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128175370
Total Pages : 384 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

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Book Synopsis Microalgae Cultivation for Biofuels Production by : Abu Yousuf

Download or read book Microalgae Cultivation for Biofuels Production written by Abu Yousuf and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-11-23 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microalgae Cultivation for Biofuels Production explores the technological opportunities and challenges involved in producing economically competitive algal-derived biofuel. The book discusses efficient methods for cultivation, improvement of harvesting and lipid extraction techniques, optimization of conversion/production processes of fuels and co-products, the integration of microalgae biorefineries to several industries, environmental resilience by microalgae, and a techno-economic and lifecycle analysis of the production chain to gain maximum benefits from microalgae biorefineries. Provides an overview of the whole production chain of microalgal biofuels and other bioproducts Presents an analysis of the economic and sustainability aspects of the production chain Examines the integration of microalgae biorefineries into several industries

Production of Biofuels and Chemicals with Bifunctional Catalysts

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9811051372
Total Pages : 396 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Production of Biofuels and Chemicals with Bifunctional Catalysts by : Zhen Fang

Download or read book Production of Biofuels and Chemicals with Bifunctional Catalysts written by Zhen Fang and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-12-27 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides state-of-the-art reviews, current research, prospects and challenges of the production of biofuels and chemicals such as furanic biofuels, biodiesel, carboxylic acids, polyols and others from lignocellulosic biomass, furfurals, syngas and γ-valerolactone with bifunctional catalysts, including catalytic, and combined biological and chemical catalysis processes. The bifunctionality of catalytic materials is a concept of not only using multifunctional solid materials as activators, but also design of materials in such a way that the catalytic materials have synergistic characteristics that promote a cascade of transformations with performance beyond that of mixed mono-functional catalysts. This book is a reference designed for researchers, academicians and industrialists in the area of catalysis, energy, chemical engineering and biomass conversion. Readers will find the wealth of information contained in chapters both useful and essential, for assessing the production and application of various biofuels and chemicals by chemical catalysis and biological techniques.

Production of Biodiesel from Non-Edible Sources

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Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 032385897X
Total Pages : 263 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (238 download)

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Book Synopsis Production of Biodiesel from Non-Edible Sources by : A. Arumugam

Download or read book Production of Biodiesel from Non-Edible Sources written by A. Arumugam and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2022-02-10 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Production of Biodiesel from Non-Edible Sources: Technological Updates offers a step-by-step guide to the production of biodiesel, providing comparisons of existing methods, new and state-of-the-art technologies, and real-world examples of implementation. The book discusses all potential non-edible feedstocks for biodiesel production, providing their properties, availability, and processing, including deeper insights into kinetic models and simulation of biodiesel fermentation. Readers will gain knowledge of existing parameters and methods for biodiesel production, optimization, scale-up, and sustainability, along with guidance on the practical implementation of these methods and techniques. Finally, environmental sustainability, techno-economic analysis, and policymaking aspects are considered and put into the context of future prospects. This book offers a step-by-step guide for researchers and industry practitioners involved in bioenergy, renewable energy, biofuels production and bioconversion processes. Provides step-by-step guidance on key processes and procedures Reviews all the available non-edible feedstocks for biodiesel production and presents their properties, pros and cons Presents pilot and industry-scale case studies on the implementation of biodiesel production from non-edible feedstocks Addresses optimization, environmental sustainability, economic viability and policy issues to support commercialization

The Production of Biodiesel and Related Fuel Additives

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Publisher : Bentham Science Publishers
ISBN 13 : 9815196758
Total Pages : 456 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (151 download)

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Book Synopsis The Production of Biodiesel and Related Fuel Additives by : Pratibha S. Agrawal

Download or read book The Production of Biodiesel and Related Fuel Additives written by Pratibha S. Agrawal and published by Bentham Science Publishers. This book was released on 2024-07-04 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is a review of recent developments, opportunities, and challenges in the conversion of biomass from different sources to biodiesel or related fuel additives. Key features of the book include fully referenced chapters edited by experts, a blend of basic and current information on biodiesel and a summary of sustainable use of biodiesel byproducts like glycerol. The volume presents a comprehensive range of 13 topics related to biodiesel production and fuel additives. It begins with a historical overview of biodiesel and related additives, followed by detailed chapters on biodiesel production from various sources such as soybean oil, palm oil, and Jatropha curcas oil. Recent advancements in catalytic thermochemical conversions of biomass into biofuels are explored, alongside discussions on algal biocrude as a feedstock. The role of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis in biodiesel production is examined, along with innovative techniques such as microwave and ultrasound-assisted synthesis. The book also presents information about the utilization of waste cooking oil and waste-derived catalysts, concluding with insights into solketal synthesis and catalytic biodiesel production via simultaneous esterification and transesterification. The book imparts the technical know-how on biodiesel and relevant fuel additives for engineering and sustainability students, professionals and apprentices. It also informs policymakers in the energy sector on the benefits of biodiesel as a renewable energy resource.