Development And Evaluation Of An Animal Borne Active Acoustic Tag To Conduct Minimally Invasive Behavioral Response Studies On Marine Mammals

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Development and Evaluation of an Animal-borne Active Acoustic Tag to Conduct Minimally Invasive Behavioral Response Studies on Marine Mammals

Author : Selene Fregosi
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 85 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Development and Evaluation of an Animal-borne Active Acoustic Tag to Conduct Minimally Invasive Behavioral Response Studies on Marine Mammals by : Selene Fregosi

Download or read book Development and Evaluation of an Animal-borne Active Acoustic Tag to Conduct Minimally Invasive Behavioral Response Studies on Marine Mammals written by Selene Fregosi and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 85 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Development of new research tools is needed to better understand the potential effects of a noisier ocean on individual and populations of marine mammals. Current behavioral response studies utilize ship-mounted sound sources to induce short-term noise-related behavioral responses in tagged animals. Combining the tag with the sound source into an animal-mounted active acoustic and motion sensing tag could potentially allow for long-term, more controlled and cost-effective behavioral response studies. Field tests were conducted on juvenile northern elephant seals, Mirounga angustirostris, using both natural and anthropogenic stimuli, to evaluate the potential of such a prototype tag. Results showed that such an instrument does elicit behavioral responses in tagged individuals. Responses during the ascending phase of a dive consisted of a dive inversion, with the animal diving as deep as or deeper than its original dive depth (seven of nine exposures). Change in dive depth following exposure was significantly larger than change in depth for non-exposure inversions. A single exposure at the bottom phase of a deep dive followed the same pattern. Dive inversions were observed following white noise, sperm whale clicks, killer whale whistles, and sonar exposures, but not following common dolphin whistles. Responses to exposures received during the descending phase of a dive resulted in an increased descent rate in nine of ten exposures. All eight exposures during shallow dives, where the animals were likely limited by bathymetry from diving any deeper, were characterize by increased flow noise following exposure, an indicator of increased swim speed. Results showing differential responses to specific exposure stimuli were inconclusive. Tag improvements and additional field efforts are needed to validate the tag's use in behavioral response studies to specific acoustic stimuli. There is potential to use this technology to study physiological effects of extended deep dives on marine mammals as well as frequency dependent hearing because of its ability to induce prolonged, unplanned dives in response to man-made sounds.

Quantitative Evaluation of Behavior of Marine Mammals: Behavioral Response to Acoustic Disturbance

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 3 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (227 download)

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Book Synopsis Quantitative Evaluation of Behavior of Marine Mammals: Behavioral Response to Acoustic Disturbance by :

Download or read book Quantitative Evaluation of Behavior of Marine Mammals: Behavioral Response to Acoustic Disturbance written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 3 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The student, Amy Samuels, is being supported to develop systematic observational protocols and quantitative methods for analyzing the behavior of cetaceans in order to provide quantitative baseline profiles of "normal" behavior and to identify reliable indicators of disturbance response. Research dedicated to identifying predictable patterns of normal behavior is essential for the design of robust disturbance experiments. During 1993-94, Samuels participated in 2 research cruises that were dedicated to study behavioral responses of sperm whales to disturbance in the form of acoustic playback. Samuels was responsible for developing an observational protocol to document systematically the non-vocal behavior of whales during undisturbed baseline conditions and during experimental sound playback conditions. Samuels' protocol represents the first use of quantitative behavioral sampling techniques in sperm whale research. A focal-animal sampling scheme was developed to focus on details of behavior of a whale targeted for playback (identifiable by tag or by distinctive physical features). A scan sampling scheme was developed to document more broadly the behavior of other whales in the vicinity. Behavioral parameters include at-surface duration, dive time, group size and cohesion, direction of travel, speed of travel, and details of behavior while at the surface. The protocol includes supplementation of visual observations by regularly-scheduled video samples of the focal whale's behavior; procedures for analysis of baseline vs. playback video clips are being devised.

Marine Mammals and Noise

Author : W. John Richardson
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0080573037
Total Pages : 593 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis Marine Mammals and Noise by : W. John Richardson

Download or read book Marine Mammals and Noise written by W. John Richardson and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 593 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many marine mammals communicate by emitting sounds that pass through water. Such sounds can be received across great distances and can influence the behavior of these undersea creatures. In the past few decades, the oceans have become increasingly noisy, as underwater sounds from propellers, sonars, and other human activities make it difficult for marine mammals to communicate. This book discusses, among many other topics, just how well marine mammals hear, how noisy the oceans have become, and what effects these new sounds have on marine mammals. The baseline of ambient noise, the sounds produced by machines and mammals, the sensitivity of marine mammal hearing, and the reactions of marine mammals are also examined. An essential addition to any marine biologist's library, Marine Mammals and Noise will be especially appealing to marine mammalogists, researchers, policy makers and regulators, and marine biologists and oceanographers using sound in their research.

Marine Mammal Populations and Ocean Noise

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309133491
Total Pages : 142 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Marine Mammal Populations and Ocean Noise by : National Research Council

Download or read book Marine Mammal Populations and Ocean Noise written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2005-01-24 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Attention has been drawn to the subject of how ocean noise affects marine mammals by a series of marine mammal strandings, lawsuits, and legislative hearings, and most recently, the report from the U.S. Commission on Ocean Policy. One way to assess the impact of ocean noise is to consider whether it causes changes in animal behavior that are "biologically significant," that is, those that affect an animal's ability to grow, survive, and reproduce. This report offers a conceptual model designed to clarify which marine mammal behaviors are biologically significant for conservation purposes. The report is intended to help scientists and policymakers interpret provisions of the federal Marine Mammal Protection Act.

Environmental Assessment on the Effects of Scientific Research Activities Associated with Behavioral Response Studies of Pacific Marine Mammals Using Controlled Sound Exposure

Download Environmental Assessment on the Effects of Scientific Research Activities Associated with Behavioral Response Studies of Pacific Marine Mammals Using Controlled Sound Exposure PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 136 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (758 download)

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Book Synopsis Environmental Assessment on the Effects of Scientific Research Activities Associated with Behavioral Response Studies of Pacific Marine Mammals Using Controlled Sound Exposure by :

Download or read book Environmental Assessment on the Effects of Scientific Research Activities Associated with Behavioral Response Studies of Pacific Marine Mammals Using Controlled Sound Exposure written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), Office of Protected Resources (OPR), proposes to issue a scientific research permit for takes of marine mammals in the wild, pursuant to the Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972, as amended (MMPA; 16 U.S.C. 1361 et seq.). The primary objective of the proposed research is to support conservation management by providing empirical measurements of behavior in marine mammals and behavioral changes as a function of sound exposure. The permit applicant would observe behavioral responses in several marine mammal species exposed to controlled underwater sound exposures and quantify exposure conditions associated with various effects. This information would be used to determine the acoustic exposures of mid-frequency (MF) sonar sounds that elicit an identifiable behavioral indicator response in targeted marine mammals, so that sound producers and regulatory agencies can better understand, minimize, and manage noise impacts on protected species. Additionally, the applicant proposes to conduct photo-identification of marine mammals and collect skin samples for genetic analysis. The action area for the proposed study includes the U.S. Navy's existing Southern California (SOCAL) Range Complex, other US locations including offshore waters, and international waters throughout the Pacific basin. Scientific research permits are generally categorically excluded from the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (NEPA; 42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.) requirements to prepare an environmental assessment (EA) or environmental impact statement (EIS) (NAO 216-6). However, NMFS chose to prepare an EA as a more detailed analysis of potential environmental impacts"--Abstract (p. i).

Marine Mammals Ashore

Author : Joseph R. Geraci
Publisher : National Aquarium in Baltimore
ISBN 13 : 0977460908
Total Pages : 386 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (774 download)

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Book Synopsis Marine Mammals Ashore by : Joseph R. Geraci

Download or read book Marine Mammals Ashore written by Joseph R. Geraci and published by National Aquarium in Baltimore. This book was released on 2005 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensive manual for understanding and carrying out marine mammal rescue activities for stranded seals, manatees, dolphins, whales, or sea otters.

Marine Mammal Observer and Passive Acoustic Monitoring Handbook

Author : Victoria Todd
Publisher : Pelagic Publishing Ltd
ISBN 13 : 1907807705
Total Pages : 431 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (78 download)

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Book Synopsis Marine Mammal Observer and Passive Acoustic Monitoring Handbook by : Victoria Todd

Download or read book Marine Mammal Observer and Passive Acoustic Monitoring Handbook written by Victoria Todd and published by Pelagic Publishing Ltd. This book was released on 2015-03-18 with total page 431 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Marine Mammal Observer and Passive Acoustic Monitoring Handbook is the ultimate instruction manual for mitigation measures to minimise man-made acoustical and physical disturbances to marine mammals from industrial and defence activities.

Marine Mammal Ecology and Conservation

Author : Ian L. Boyd
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199216568
Total Pages : 475 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (992 download)

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Book Synopsis Marine Mammal Ecology and Conservation by : Ian L. Boyd

Download or read book Marine Mammal Ecology and Conservation written by Ian L. Boyd and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2010-08-12 with total page 475 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Much of our knowledge about marine mammals is derived from a long-term and dedicated research effort that is evolving rapidly due to the introduction and invention of new methods.This book reflects the inventiveness of marine researchers as they try to find ways around the problems presented to them by these unusual and challenging animals.

Animal Acoustic Communication

Author : Steven L. Hopp
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642762204
Total Pages : 437 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (427 download)

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Book Synopsis Animal Acoustic Communication by : Steven L. Hopp

Download or read book Animal Acoustic Communication written by Steven L. Hopp and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 437 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The last decades have brought a significant increase in research on acoustic communi cation in animals. Publication of scientific papers on both empirical and theoretical aspects of this topic has greatly increased, and a new journal, Bioacoustics, is entirely devoted to such articles. Coupled with this proliferation of work is a recognition that many of the current issues are best approached with an interdisciplinary perspective, requiring technical and theoretical contributions from a number of areas of inquiry that have traditionally been separated. With the notable exception of a collection edited by Lewis (1983), there have been fewvolumes predominatelyfocused on technical issues in comparative bioacoustics to follow up the earlyworks edited by Lanyon and Tavolga (1960) and Busnel (1963). It was the tremendous growth of expertise c:()ncerning this topic in particular that provided the initial impetus to organize this volume, which attempts to present fundamental information from both theoretical and applied aspects of current bioacoustics research. While a completely comprehensive review would be impractical, this volume offers a basic treatment of a wide variety of topics aimed at providing a conceptual framework within which researchers can address their own questions. Each presentation is designed to be useful to the broadest possible spectrum of researchers, including both those currently working in any of the many and diverse disciplines of bioacoustics, and others that may be new to such studies.

Blue Whale Behavioral Response Study & Field Testing of the New Bioacoustic Probe

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 12 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (713 download)

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Book Synopsis Blue Whale Behavioral Response Study & Field Testing of the New Bioacoustic Probe by :

Download or read book Blue Whale Behavioral Response Study & Field Testing of the New Bioacoustic Probe written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Specific studies on the impact of ship noise and have not been widely conducted and little progress has been made toward an understanding of its impact (Southall 2005). Similar data gaps exist for the impact of Navy sonars on baleen whales. The PCAD model (NRC 2005) for assessing sound impacts on marine mammals calls for studies on sound source characteristics and the behavioral impact of specific sources on individual animals. Our goal is to understand the vocal and behavioral response of individual blue whales to high-intensity ship noise, resulting from the close geographic association between known foraging grounds and commercial shipping lanes off California. To accomplish this goal we deploy acoustic recording tags on individual blue whales within and near the shipping lanes and concurrently monitoring shipping traffic using AIS. The behavioral reaction of the whale to ship is then evaluated based on the tag data, the overall noise level, how close the ship approached. We also will conduct opportunistic studies of blue whale response to Navy sonars in the southern California region.

Marine Mammal Sensory Systems

Author : Jeanette A. Thomas
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 800 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis Marine Mammal Sensory Systems by : Jeanette A. Thomas

Download or read book Marine Mammal Sensory Systems written by Jeanette A. Thomas and published by Springer. This book was released on 1992 with total page 800 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of a Symposium held in Moscow, Russia, Ocvtober 16-19, 1991

Acoustic Behaviour of Animals

Author : International Committee of Bio-acoustics
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 966 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Acoustic Behaviour of Animals by : International Committee of Bio-acoustics

Download or read book Acoustic Behaviour of Animals written by International Committee of Bio-acoustics and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 966 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

YOUMARES 8 – Oceans Across Boundaries: Learning from each other

Author : Simon Jungblut
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319932845
Total Pages : 259 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (199 download)

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Book Synopsis YOUMARES 8 – Oceans Across Boundaries: Learning from each other by : Simon Jungblut

Download or read book YOUMARES 8 – Oceans Across Boundaries: Learning from each other written by Simon Jungblut and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-08-29 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book presents the proceedings volume of the YOUMARES 8 conference, which took place in Kiel, Germany, in September 2017, supported by the German Association for Marine Sciences (DGM). The YOUMARES conference series is entirely bottom-up organized by and for YOUng MARine RESearchers. Qualified early career scientists moderated the scientific sessions during the conference and provided literature reviews on aspects of their research field. These reviews and the presenters’ conference abstracts are compiled here. Thus, this book discusses highly topical fields of marine research and aims to act as a source of knowledge and inspiration for further reading and research.

Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309154006
Total Pages : 246 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals by : National Research Council

Download or read book Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-01-27 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A respected resource for decades, the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals has been updated by a committee of experts, taking into consideration input from the scientific and laboratory animal communities and the public at large. The Guide incorporates new scientific information on common laboratory animals, including aquatic species, and includes extensive references. It is organized around major components of animal use: Key concepts of animal care and use. The Guide sets the framework for the humane care and use of laboratory animals. Animal care and use program. The Guide discusses the concept of a broad Program of Animal Care and Use, including roles and responsibilities of the Institutional Official, Attending Veterinarian and the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. Animal environment, husbandry, and management. A chapter on this topic is now divided into sections on terrestrial and aquatic animals and provides recommendations for housing and environment, husbandry, behavioral and population management, and more. Veterinary care. The Guide discusses veterinary care and the responsibilities of the Attending Veterinarian. It includes recommendations on animal procurement and transportation, preventive medicine (including animal biosecurity), and clinical care and management. The Guide addresses distress and pain recognition and relief, and issues surrounding euthanasia. Physical plant. The Guide identifies design issues, providing construction guidelines for functional areas; considerations such as drainage, vibration and noise control, and environmental monitoring; and specialized facilities for animal housing and research needs. The Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals provides a framework for the judgments required in the management of animal facilities. This updated and expanded resource of proven value will be important to scientists and researchers, veterinarians, animal care personnel, facilities managers, institutional administrators, policy makers involved in research issues, and animal welfare advocates.

Behavioral Response Study

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 9 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (495 download)

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Book Synopsis Behavioral Response Study by :

Download or read book Behavioral Response Study written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the report of the first behavioral response study to be carried out on beaked and pilot whales in which these animals were exposed to carefully measured doses of underwater sound while their responses were being measured. The study is seen as the first step in a series of similar experiments that are designed to safely identify the behavioral mechanisms that may be involved in the causal chain of events leading from exposure to some types of man-made underwater sound to mass strandings of beaked whales and to test whether this risk extends to other cetaceans. The objectives of work undertaken in the past year were to: 1) Establish, test and refine new protocols for studying beaked whales using established sound playback experiment paradigms. -- Demonstrate feasibility and safety of study design; -- Obtain U.S. and Bahamian permits and engage with eNGOs concerning the pros and cons of these specific kinds of playbacks; -- Collect base-line (control) data to provide a basis for comparison with playback results. 2) Define responses of beaked whales, and other species of odontocete whales, to mid-frequency active (MFA) sonar and natural sounds such as those from killer whales. Address the questions: -- Does the response help narrow the range of hypotheses for the cause of MFA sonar-related strandings? -- Does the response to MFA sonar differ from the response to killer whale sounds to test whether whales respond to sonar as if it represented a predator? -- Can responses be used as a safe predictor of risk of injury/stranding from higher level exposures? -- Do other species also respond in a way that elevates risk of injury/stranding? 3) Measure exposure parameters for sounds that evoke a behavioral response: -- Use an acoustic recording tag as the primary method to measure received level at the animal. -- Measure ship noise on the AUTEC hydrophones, and input these measures to an acoustic propagation model to predict exposure at the animals.

Ecosystem Barents Sea

Author : Egil Sakshaug
Publisher : Tapir Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 9788251924610
Total Pages : 596 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (246 download)

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Book Synopsis Ecosystem Barents Sea by : Egil Sakshaug

Download or read book Ecosystem Barents Sea written by Egil Sakshaug and published by Tapir Academic Press. This book was released on 2009 with total page 596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the marine ecosystem of the Barents Sea, located north of Norway and Russia as part of the Arctic Ocean. Basic knowledge is presented about components of the ecosystem from virus and bacteria via plankton and fish to seabirds through to marine mammals and their interactions with the physical environment. Ecosystem dynamics are given a prominent role in the book. Mathematical models of the plankton and important fish stocks are employed to help elucidate the interplay between populations and trophic levels. The situation regarding contaminants is reviewed, as is the newly established Norwegian plan for the management of the Barents Sea. The impact of global warming is also discussed. Ecosystem Barents Sea is written for all those with an interest in marine ecology in the arctic seas, including research institutes, governmental ecosystem management units, and natural resources organizations.

Encyclopedia of Ocean Sciences

Author : John H. Steele
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 9780122274305
Total Pages : 3399 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (743 download)

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Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of Ocean Sciences by : John H. Steele

Download or read book Encyclopedia of Ocean Sciences written by John H. Steele and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2001-09-20 with total page 3399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Encyclopedia of Ocean Sciences is the most current, authoritative, and comprehensive resource on the science of the oceans. This ambitious work includes contributions from leading scientists around the world on the physical processes that drive the oceans and the chemical, biological, and geological disciplines. The Encyclopedia also covers ancillary topics such as ocean technology, law of the oceans, global programs, marine policy, the use of the oceans for food and energy, and the impact of pollution and climate changes. The many different methods used to study the oceans are covered, from ship-based systems to satellite remote sensing. Users will enjoy easy access to more than 400 articles, each approximately 3000-4000 words in length with further reading lists and extensive cross referencing. Each article provides comprehensive coverage of a particular topic, and is designed for a wide audience of students, academics, researchers, and professionals. The articles are written at a level that allows undergraduate students to understand the material, while providing active researchers with the latest technical information. Also available online on ScienceDirect. For online version information, please visit http://www.info.sciencedirect.com/reference_works Presents 402 original articles covering all the physical, chemical and biological aspects of ocean science Brings together classic scientific theories with the newest discoveries, technologies, and applications Written by the world's leading researchers and developed by a prestigious editorial board Makes information easy to find with an intuitive format, extensive cross references, further reading lists, and complete index Illustrated with more than 1900 figures and full color throughout Developed alongside each other, the Encyclopedia of Ocean Sciences together with the Encyclopedia of Atmospheric Sciences provide readers a with comprehensive resource, and a link between these two fields.